unit 1 – day 9 qualitative analysis. qualitative analysis techniques qualitative analysis uses...
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Unit 1 – Day 9
Qualitative Analysis
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Qualitative Analysis Techniques
• Qualitative analysis uses physical and chemical properties to identify substances.
• We have already learned two such techniques:– Ionic and covalent properties– Spectroscopy
• The rest of the unit focuses on two more techniques:– Flame tests– Solubility
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Recall
• Two substances are mixed up. One is labelled substance A, the other substance B.
• The two substances are known to be calcium bromide and dichlorobenzene (a substance made up of carbon, hydrogen and chlorine).
• Substance A has a strong odour, and will not dissolve in water.
• Identify substance A and B• Dichlorobenzene is substance A.
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Recall
• Describe how you could use a spectrometer, and the following image to identify the gas in a lighting display.
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Flame Tests
• Flame tests are similar to spectroscopy.• This time we are using heat to excite the
electrons instead of electricity.• The colour of the flame helps to identify the
substance.
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Flame Tests
• With flame tests, it is the metal ion that determines the colour that the compound will produce.
• For example, Strontium produces a deep red flame.
• Strontium chloride flame test
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Flame Test Lab
• In the following lab, you will need to do some flame tests.
• Fill in the table of known colours, and then use these to identify the unknown solutions.