1.Country Profilesfor Population andReproductive HealthPolicy Developmentsand Indicators2009/2010

2. Country Profilesfor Population andReproductive HealthPolicy Developmentsand Indicators2009/2010 3. Copyright United Nations Population Fund andPopulation Reference Bureau, 2010AcknowledgementsThis publication and the associated website(www.unfpa.org/countries) are products of ajoint undertaking by UNFPA, the United NationsPopulation Fund, and the Population Reference BureauUNFPA Editorial TeamLinda Demers, Jos Miguel Guzmn, Janet Jensen and Alvaro SerranoUNFPA Technical TeamStan Bernstein, Zuzana Boehmova and Edilberto LoaizaPopulation Reference Bureau International Programs Staff:Donna Clifton, Victoria Ebin, Jennay Ghowrwal, Carl Haub,Toshiko Kaneda, Trisha Moslin, Kelvin Pollard, Karin Ringheim,Holley Stewart and Marissa Yeakey, with John Davis (PC AID, Inc.)and Lori Ashford, consultantsPopulation Reference Bureau Editorial Team:Ellen Carnevale, Mary Kent and Eric ZuehlkeDesign and ProductionChris Larson and Kevin Miller,Prographics, Inc., Annapolis, MDAll photos courtesy of UNFPAISBN: 0-89714-660-3 4. COUNTRY PROFILES FOR POPULATION AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010Foreword ................................................................................................1Senegal................................................................................................88Introduction ..........................................................................................2Seychelles ..........................................................................................90Maps ......................................................................................................6Sierra Leone........................................................................................92South Africa ......................................................................................94Swaziland............................................................................................96Overview ..............................................................................................15 Tanzania, the United Republic of ................................................98Angola ..................................................................................................18 Togo ..................................................................................................100Benin ....................................................................................................20Uganda ..............................................................................................102Botswana ............................................................................................22 Zambia ..............................................................................................104Burkina Faso ......................................................................................24 Zimbabwe ........................................................................................106Burundi ................................................................................................26Cameroon, Republic of....................................................................28Cape Verde ........................................................................................30 Overview ............................................................................................109Central African Republic ................................................................32 Afghanistan ......................................................................................112Chad ....................................................................................................34 Bangladesh ........................................................................................114Comoros..............................................................................................36 Bhutan ................................................................................................116Congo, Republic of the....................................................................38Cambodia ..........................................................................................118Congo, Democratic Republic of the............................................40 China ..................................................................................................120Cte dIvoire ......................................................................................42Cook Islands ....................................................................................122Equatorial Guinea ............................................................................44Fiji ........................................................................................................124Eritrea ..................................................................................................46French Polynesia..............................................................................126Ethiopia ..............................................................................................48 India ....................................................................................................128Gabon ..................................................................................................50Indonesia ..........................................................................................130Gambia ................................................................................................52 Iran (Islamic Republic of) ............................................................132Ghana ..................................................................................................54Kiribati................................................................................................134Guinea..................................................................................................56Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic of ..................................136Guinea-Bissau....................................................................................58 Lao Peoples Democratic Republic ............................................138Kenya ..................................................................................................60Malaysia............................................................................................140Lesotho ................................................................................................62Maldives ............................................................................................142Liberia ..................................................................................................64Marshall Islands, Republic of the ..............................................144Madagascar ......................................................................................66 Micronesia, Federated States of ................................................146Malawi ................................................................................................68 Mongolia ..........................................................................................148Mali ......................................................................................................70 Myanmar ..........................................................................................150Mauritania ..........................................................................................72 Nepal ..................................................................................................152Mauritius ............................................................................................74New Caledonia ................................................................................154Mozambique ......................................................................................76 Pakistan..............................................................................................156Namibia ..............................................................................................78Papua New Guinea ........................................................................158Niger ....................................................................................................80Philippines ........................................................................................160Nigeria ................................................................................................82Samoa ................................................................................................162Rwanda................................................................................................84Solomon Islands..............................................................................164Sao Tome and Principe ..................................................................86Sri Lanka ............................................................................................166Contentsi 5. ContentsThailand ............................................................................................168 Guadeloupe......................................................................................254Timor-Leste, Democratic Republic of ......................................170Guatemala........................................................................................256Tonga ..................................................................................................172Guyana ..............................................................................................258Tuvalu ................................................................................................174 Haiti ..................................................................................................260Vanuatu..............................................................................................176 Honduras ..........................................................................................262Viet Nam ..........................................................................................178 Jamaica ............................................................................................264 Martinique ......................................................................................266 Mexico ..............................................................................................268Overview..............................................................................................181Nicaragua ........................................................................................270Algeria ..............................................................................................184Panama..............................................................................................272Bahrain ..............................................................................................186Paraguay ..........................................................................................274Djibouti ..............................................................................................188 Peru ....................................................................................................276Egypt ..................................................................................................190Saint Lucia........................................................................................278Iraq ......................................................................................................192 Suriname ..........................................................................................280Jordan ................................................................................................194 Trinidad and Tobago......................................................................282Kuwait ................................................................................................196 Uruguay ............................................................................................284Lebanon ............................................................................................198Venezuela ........................................................................................286Morocco ..........................................................................................200Occupied Palestinian Territory ..................................................202Oman ................................................................................................204Qatar ................................................................................................206 Overview............................................................................................289Saudi Arabia....................................................................................208 Albania ..............................................................................................292Somalia ..............................................................................................210 Armenia ............................................................................................294Sudan..................................................................................................212 Azerbaijan ........................................................................................296Syrian Arab Republic ....................................................................214 Belarus ..............................................................................................298Tunisia ................................................................................................216 Bosnia and Herzegovina ..............................................................300United Arab Emirates ....................................................................218 Bulgaria ............................................................................................302Yemen ..............................................................................................220 Georgia, Republic of......................................................................304 Kazakhstan ......................................................................................306 Kyrgyzstan ......................................................................................308Overview ............................................................................................223 Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of ........................310Argentina..........................................................................................226 Moldova, Republic of ....................................................................312Bahamas ..........................................................................................228 Romania ............................................................................................314Belize ................................................................................................230 Russian Federation..........................................................................316Bermuda............................................................................................232 Serbia..................................................................................................318Bolivia ................................................................................................234 Tajikistan ..........................................................................................320Brazil ..................................................................................................236 Turkey ................................................................................................322Chile ..................................................................................................238 Turkmenistan ..................................................................................324Colombia ..........................................................................................240 Ukraine ..............................................................................................326Costa Rica ........................................................................................242 Uzbekistan ......................................................................................328Cuba ..................................................................................................244Dominican Republic ......................................................................246Eastern Caribbean ........................................................................248Glossary............................................................................................330Ecuador ............................................................................................250El Salvador........................................................................................252 Technical Notes ..............................................................................331iiCountry Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 6. Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health:Policy Developments and Indicators, 2009-2010I am pleased to issue the updated Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health:Policy Developments and Indicators 2009- 2010, produced by UNFPA and the PopulationReference Bureau to commemorate the 15th anniversary of the International Conferenceon Population and Development. Since the historic Cairo Conference, progress has been made in many countries toincrease the enrolment of girls in school, expand access to reproductive healthinformation and services including family planning, and promote womens empowermentand gender equality. Yet much more remains to be done. Today the poorest women face a1 in 20 lifetime chance that they will die in childbirth. In poor African countries, nearlyhalf of small children are malnourished, and globally, millions of girls are married off aschild brides. The poorest couples often lack access to modern contraception, despite theirdesire to space or limit their childbearing, and financial support for family planning is farless than what is needed. Given these realities, we need to remind political leaders of their promise made inCairo 15 years ago to ensure universal access to reproductive health by 2015. This reporthighlights the need to meet pressing needs in family planning, maternal health and HIVprevention. Investing in these areas will improve the well-being of millions of people and accelerateprogress towards the Millennium Development Goals. I am hopeful that the informationset forth in this report will galvanize greater awareness and commitment to help makethis vision a reality.Thoraya Ahmed ObaidExecutive DirectorUnited Nations Population FundContents 1 7. IntroductionThe Millennium DevelopmentBackgroundGoals, particularly theThe 1994 International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo created a shift in the way theeradication of extreme poverty world viewed the relationship between population andand hunger, cannot be achieved development. The 179 nations participating in the conference approved a 20-year Programme of Action.if questions of population and This visionary programme, which was later endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly, reflects anreproductive health are notinternational consensus on the need to foster sustainable development. It emphasized the linkages betweensquarely addressed. And that reducing poverty, empowering women, improving health,means stronger efforts toproviding universal access to reproductive health services, enhancing the quality of life of the worldspromote womens rights, andpeople and creating a better balance between population dynamics and social and economic development.greater investment in educationThe following year, the Fourth World Conferenceand health, includingon Women in Beijing defined a 20-year Platform for Action that complemented and expanded on thereproductive health andCairo commitments. This Platform aims to eliminate all forms of discrimination and violence against women,family planning and to constructively engage men in achieving gender equality.Former Secretary-General Five years later, at the start of the new millennium,Kofi Annan, 2002 representatives of 189 nations, including 147 heads of state or government, gathered at the United Nations for a historic Millennium Summit in 2000. They adopted an ambitious set of Millennium Development Goals, which embraced the commitments of Cairo and Beijing. The importance of the MDGs in quantifying many of the goals articulated in these earlier agreements should not be underestimated. The global community now has measurable targets to live up to, and most countries have established baselines by which they are assessing their own progress. Achieving the MDGs by the target date of 2015 would fulfil many of the commitments made in Cairo and Beijing, while transforming the lives of billions of the worlds people. This achievement would cut the number of people living in extreme poverty in half, demonstrate progress towards achieving gender equality, whether in2 Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 8. the classroom or in Parliament, improve maternal andreproductive health and reverse the AIDS epidemic. Resource Requirements In 2009 and 2010, the 15th anniversaries of the Cairoand Beijing conferences, respectively, were for Population andcommemorated. The year 2010 also marks the 10thReproductive Healthanniversary of the Millennium Summit, from whichemerged the Millennium Development Goals.Mobilizing the resources to reach the ICPD and MDGEncouragingly, with so much attention focused on these target of universal access to reproductive health bylandmark events, we have seen no wavering of 2015 is essential if international development goals arecommitment to the issues they defined. There has beento be realized. The challenge before the internationalacknowledgement, however, of how much remains to becommunity donors and developing countries alike isaccomplished if the visions inspired by them are to move from declarations of good intentions to activeto become actualized.partnerships and investments in a healthier future. This The United Nations, regional organisations, nationalbook provides an abundance of easy-to-accessgovernments, parliamentarians and civil societyinformation that can be helpful in building the case fororganisations around the world continue to strive to increased resources.implement the Cairo Programme of Action, the BeijingIn this regard, it may be helpful to recall that the ICPDPlatform for Action and the Millennium Goals. We Programme of Action contained global estimates ofremain committed to the idea that reproductive healthresource requirements for the implementation of nationaland rights form a cornerstone of development and topopulation and reproductive health programmes throughthe MDG target of universal access to reproductive 2015. Approximately two thirds of the projected costs werehealth by 2015.to come from domestic sources and one-third from the international donor community. Each year, UNFPA takes the lead in tracking these resource flows for population activities.Much has changed in the 15 years since those resource requirements were set, and the projections have been revised upwards, to reflect rising costs, the AIDS epidemic and more strenuous efforts to reduce maternal death.The new estimated resource requirement is US $65 billion for 2010, rising to $70 billion by 2015. According to figures released in September 2009 by UNFPA, donor assistance to population activities reached $8.7 billion in 2007, with another $18.5 billion mobilized by developing countries for that year. The global total fell far below what was needed to achieve universal access to reproductive health and meet other ICPD and MDG targets. Family planning in particular was shortchanged, with lower actual resources available in 2007 than in 2000.Introduction 3 9. demographic trends, as well as social and economicUsing This Edition indicators, and statistics on maternal and child health,And the Online Versionadolescent reproductive health, education, HIV andAIDS, gender equality and reproductive health demand.Since 2003, UNFPA and the Population ReferenceAll data were collected prior to November 2009. TheseBureau have collaborated in publishing the Countryindicators are provided for both the reference year, gen-Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy erally 1990, and the most recent year for which data areDevelopments and Indicators. All the information, coun- available. (The year is shown after each indicator.) Atry statistics and indicators in the report are also placed symbol is used to highlight those indicators used foron the websites of UNFPA (www.unfpa.org/countries)monitoring the MDGs and ICPD Programme of Action.and PRB (www.prb.org). These resources provide users, This year, regional editions are also being published forwhether government officials or civil society advocates,each of the five regions.with reputable and updated data to inform their work.An online version of this publication is also available, For a quick overview of the country situation, readers linked to a dynamic database that is updated regularlycan refer to the country profile, which is followed by(www.unfpa.org/countries). The online version will be themore than 100 indicators on health and development. Inbest place to access updated information and indicators.addition, regional overviews and maps show the relative The database is collated and maintained by theposition of countries with regard to leading social and Population Reference Bureau staff.economic indicators. The 2009-2010 publication is an update of the 2005volume. It contains the same types of statistics, butthey have been arranged into additional categories toData Sourcessimplify finding specific data. The report covers basic Technical notes (on page 331) provide informationdetailing the specific data sources for key indicators aswell as guidance for the interpretation of the statistics.Official United Nations estimates are used for all MDGindicators. These figures are supplemented, as necessary,by additional standard data sources. Information onsocial and political contexts and policy priorities havebeen obtained from UNFPA country offices and standardUnited Nations reports. National statistics may differfrom the UN estimates due to delays in reporting orincorporation of new estimates into UN databases,application of methodologies adjusting data to increasecross-country comparability and use of non-standardmethodologies. Any discrepancies deserve attention inthe formulation of national programme strategies and inthe improvement of statistical systems. Information ondisparities within countries is derived from reports ofDemographic and Health Surveys, special tabulations ofthe World Bank and related sources.4Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 10. Mobilizing the resources to reach the ICPD goal of universalaccess to reproductive health care by 2015 is essential if thepromises of the Millennium Declaration are to be realized.Indicators SOCIO-ECONOMIC & HE ALTH Gross Domestic Product Per Cap 1990Most Recent Power Parity, International Do ita, Purchasing ADOLESCENT Gross Domestic llars 3,376 6,9412008 REPRODUCTProduct Growth Proportion of Population 15-Annual Per CenIncome Group t Rate,10.6 3.02008 Age-Specific Fer 24tility Rate perMDG and ICPD Programmeper World Ban 15-19 1,000 W Population Bel ow $1.25/Day,k ClassificationPer Centna Lower middleincome 2009 Adolescent Women 15-19 Whof Action Monitoring Population Liv Childbearing, o Have B Per Centing Below National Poverty Lin e,na na na Median Age atPer CentFirst Sexual InteIndicators are called outShare of Incomna25-49, Female rcourse,Access to Imp e or Consumptioroved Drinking n by Poorest Qu intilenaMedian Age at Marriage/Unionthrough the use of symbols. Water Supply, na, Male*Access to Imp Per CentMedian Age atroved Sanitationna 91 Marriage/Union , Per Cent , 25-49,MDG Indicators2000 Married/In Un na 47ion by Age 18, Per Cent, 2 MATERNAL HE 2000 HIV KnowledgeALTH , Men 15-24 Wh o KnowMaternal Morta That a Personlity Ratio per1990Can Reduce Ris 100,000 Most Recent by Consistent k of HIVLive Births (MMMR, Lower MR) na 52 2005 HIV Knowledge Condom Use,, Women 15-24 Per Cent ICPD IndicatorsBound That a Person Who KnowMMR, Upper Can Reduce RisBound naby Consistent k of HIV 522005 Condom Use, Antenatal CarPer Cente, At Least Onna100 HIV Knowledge Per Cent e Visit,2005 , Women 15-24 That a Health Who Know na 94 y-looking Person Deliveries Att 2006 HIV, Per CentCan Trans ended by SkilledPer Cent Attendants, HIV/AIDS Prena96valence, 15-24, 2006 Male, Per Cen HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24,CHILD HEALTHFemale, Per Ce *Age ranges examined differ acroInfant Mortality1990ss countries Rate per 1,000 Most Recent Live BirthsUnder Age 5 Mortality Rate3522 GENDER EQUA per 1,000 live 2007 LITYChildren Under BirthsAge 5 Underwe43 25 Gender Parity Moderate andight,2007 Index, Net Prim Severe Per Ceary Enrolmentt 6G Introduction 5 11. 6 Per Cent of Population Living on Less than US$1.25/Day(1995-2007)Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 12. Ratio of Girls to Boys Primary Education (1998-2007)Maps of MDG Indicators Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).7 13. 8 Per Cent of Seats in Parliament Held by Women (2008)Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 14. Under 5 Mortality: Deaths per 1,000 Live Births (2007)Maps of MDG Indicators Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).9 15. 10Maternal Deaths per 100,000 Live Births (2005)Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 16. Per Cent of 15- to 24-Year-Olds Infected with HIV (2007)Maps of MDG Indicators Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).11 17. 12 Per Cent of Population with Access to Improved Water Supply (1995-2006)Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 18. Contraceptive Prevalence Among Married Women Ages 15-49 (1995-2008)Maps of MDG Indicators Source: PRB analysis of data from United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).13 19. Sub-Saharan Africaf all the worlds regions, sub-Saharan Africa remains furthest from achieving theO MDGs. Nonetheless, national efforts to improve the quality of life have met withsome success. For example, the proportion of people living in extreme poverty(currently less than US$1.25 a day) declined from 58 per cent in 1999 to 53 per centcurrently. Although the decline was significant, with one-half of the regions populationcontinuing to live in extreme poverty, reaching the MDG target of 29 per cent inpoverty by 2015 will be difficult. The 2009 Millennium Development Goals Report nowestimates that, under a worst-case scenario, the proportion of the employed populationclassified as the working poor is likely to have returned to its 1997 level by 2007. Of the 49 countries defined by the UN as least developed, 33 are in sub-SaharanAfrica. These countries comprise nearly two-thirds of the regions population, which isnot only the worlds poorest but the fastest-growing. From 275 million in the late 1960swhen the concept of least developed was formulated, sub-Saharan Africas populationhas grown to about 840 million andcontinues to increase by about 20 millionper year. The region has the worldshighest fertility, with a regional totalfertility rate (TFR) of about 5.1 lifetimebirths per woman. The UN PopulationDivision forecasts a population of 1.8billion in 2050. However, that projectionis based on the assumption that the useof family planning in all countries willincrease and that TFR, on average, woulddecline to 2.5. At present, the prospectsfor universal fertility decline across the region remain mixed. Without acceleratedprogress to lower population growth rates, achieving most MDGs will be difficult. Twenty years of regional population growth at almost 3 per cent per year hasoutpaced economic gains, leaving sub-Saharan Africans, on average, 22 per cent poorerthan they were in the mid-1970s. The regions progress is also hampered by large-scalemigrations of people trying to escape poverty and political instability. Contributing tothis migration is the large youth population, which fuels a rapid increase in new entrantsto the labour market, and high fertility rates, outpacing the capacity of economies togenerate a sufficient numbers of jobs. Even where fertility has declined, the lack ofemployment opportunities will make it difficult for countries to capitalize on the so-called demographic bonus, the positive ratio of workers to dependents (youth andthe elderly) that accompanies the early stages of a demographic transition from highfertility and mortality to low fertility and mortality. 15 20. Contraceptive prevalence rates for modernpractice and to support existing legal frameworks. methods in most of the region remain low. In both Laws alone, however, are not enough. Governments Middle and Western Africa, less than 10 per cent of are far from being able to monitor FGM/C, which is women use any modern method. The low use of usually underreported, particularly in remote family planning leads to many births that are locations. In recent years, UNFPA has advocated for mistimed or unwanted and contributes to the worlds specific actions to eliminate the practice of FGM/C, highest level of maternal mortality. In sub-Saharan including the need to work with communities and Africa, 1 in 22 women dies from maternal causes with religious and cultural leaders. UNFPA supports each year, compared with 1 in 120 in Asia, 1 in 290 inefforts which end this harmful cultural practice Latin America and the Caribbean and 1 in 7,300 in without disrupting its positive underlying social the developed countries. The regions unmet need forpurpose as marking the transition to adulthood. In family planning among married women is the highestKenya, for example, UNFPA has supported in the world. Given that women in the region wish tocommunity organizations that promote alternative have fewer children, there is potential to improverites of passage ceremonies as a positive marker of maternal and reproductive health, but the regionsinitiating girls into adulthood. poverty indicates that without substantial additionalTo address population growth and poverty in the donor aid, that potential will not be realized. region, UNFPAs Global and Regional Programme forAccording to UNAIDS, the campaign against2008-2011 aims to strengthen the capacity of HIV/AIDS has been moderately successful inregional institutions to integrate population, sexual lowering regional HIV prevalence among adults agedand reproductive health, and gender issues into 15 to 49. However, more than 1 in 20 in this agenational and regional development efforts, and to group is HIV-positive, and the feminisation ofadvocate for the funding required to address them. It HIV/AIDS has continued over the decade. Poverty,will also work to ensure that the needs of young low literacy rates for girls, low representation of people are integrated into public policies. women in decision-making, gender-based violenceLack of access to reliable data on population, and inadequate allocation of resources to genderreproductive health and gender for most countries in issues contribute to the greater vulnerability of girls the region hinders sustainable development. For this and women to HIV and remain as obstacles to reason, UNFPAs regional programme will build development. Among youth ages 15 to 24, the technical capacity to collect, analyse, disseminate prevalence of HIV in this region is almost three timesand use data. It will provide support for countries higher among young women than among young conducting censuses or carrying out demographic men. The Maputo Plan of Action, which promotes an and health surveys. It also aims to strengthen data- integrated approach to sexual and reproductivemanagement systems and contribute to an improved health and reproductive rights, will be the focus ofunderstanding of such issues as the impact of future HIV prevention activities, including in conflict HIV/AIDS on the labour force, rapid urbanization and and post-conflict situations. the emigration of professionals.Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) has been a chronic human rights and reproductive health concern in a number of countries in the region. Where the practice of FGM/C continues, UNFPA has been active in promoting legislation to end the16Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 21. Regional Indicators ICPD Indicators MDG Indicators POPULATION Most Recent EDUCATION Most Recent Population in Thousands, Male 420,000Primary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent 108of School Age Population, Male Population in Thousands, Female 423,000Primary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent 100 Population Growth Rate, Per Cent2.4of School Age Population, Female Women 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 47Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent35 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 5.1 of School Age Population, Male Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, 23Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent28Any Method, Per Centof School Age Population, Female Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, 17Modern Method, Per Cent HIV/AIDSMost Recent Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 52HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Cent5.3 Life Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years51HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Cent 3.9 Life Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years53HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Cent 6.0 Population Under age 15, Per Cent43ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHMost Recent Population Age 60 and Over, Per Cent5Adolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun 36 Child Dependency Ratio 80 Childbearing, Per Cent Old-age Dependency Ratio5HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent1.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTHMost Recent HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent 3.5 Population Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent 53GENDER EQUALITY Most Recent Population Living Below National Poverty Line, Per Cent44Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment 90 Access to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 58Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolment 77 MATERNAL HEALTHMost RecentLabour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Male87 Maternal Mortality Ratio, Deaths Per 100,000 885 Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Female65Live BirthsSeats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent 17 CHILD HEALTH Most Recent Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births 86REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH DEMANDMost RecentUnmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent 15 Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births14228Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent 8 Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Moderateand Severe, Per Cent Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per Cent 24For updates, please visit our web site: www.unfpa.org/countries/ Sub-Saharan Africa 17 22. StatisticsAngola POPULATIONPopulation in Thousands, Male19905,186 Most Recent9,118 2009OverviewPopulation in Thousands, FemalePopulation Growth Rate, Per Cent 5,346 na9,379 20092.6 2009The year 2008 was the first time legislative elections were held inCrude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population53 42 2009Angola since 1992. Until the end of the civil war in 2002, a longhistory of political and military instability led to the deterioration of Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population2516 2009Angolas socio-economic and health-care infrastructure. Constantconflict displaced tens of thousands of people. Angola continues to Urban Population, Per Cent 3756 2007deal with more than 28,000 refugees and returned refugees, andSex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births 103 103 2009HIV/AIDS is a growing concern.Angola, a least developed country with a population of 18.5 Women 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 44 46 2009million, is growing at the rate of 2.6 per cent per year. It continues tohave one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world (1,400 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 7.25.5 2009deaths per 100,000 live births). Only 47 per cent of deliveries areContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna 6 2001attended by skilled personnel. More than 1 in 10 infants dies before 15-49, Any Method, Per Centage one (116 deaths per 1,000 live births). Very high adolescentfertility, 165 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19, remains aContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna 5 2001significant problem. The total fertility rate is 5.5 lifetime births per 15-49, Modern Method, Per Centwoman and contraceptive prevalence is extremely low, just 6.2 per 48 2009Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 40cent of women use any method (2001).Years of civil strife have severely damaged the health system. As Life Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years38 46 2009a result, the health-care needs of the population are largely unmet.Life Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years42 50 2009Cultural beliefs limit access to available reproductive health services.The Government has committed to adopting supportive strategies to Median Age of Total Population 1617 2009deal with the health challenges and to rebuilding the health system.The Government has also committed to conduct the first population Population Under Age 15, Per Cent48 45 2009and housing survey since 1970.Population Age 60 and Over, Per Cent4 4 2009With increasing stabilisation, the achievement of some populationand development goals is now possible. The UNFPA countryDependency Ratio 99 90 2009programme supported successful advocacy that allows oral andinjectable contraceptives to be included in the essential drugs list. Child Dependency Ratio 95 86 2009A reproductive health and child survival strategic plan has beenOld-age Dependency Ratio 55 2009developed. Gender disparities in Angola are widespread andcharacterized by low levels of female literacy, decision-making,economic independence and empowerment. A draft law addressing ICPD Indicators MDG Indicatorsgender-based and intra-family violence was submitted for approval,and gender has been integrated into the long-term plan (2005-2025).Public Expenditures on Health and EducationLong-term donor assistance will continue to be needed to strengthenthe national population and reproductive health programme. Health Primary & Secondary Education % of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDPPer student ($US) 2.3 2006 47 20062.0 2001na* High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimatedthat $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100 300INTERNAL DISPARITIES250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49: 80Urban/Ruralna/na200 Lowest/Highest Level of Educationna/na 60165 Provincial Low/Highna/na 47 150 Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na 40 Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births:100 Urban/Rural 245/260 20 Lowest/Highest Level of Education275/17050Provincial Low/High 192/315 Regio Sul/Regio Oeste 6Poorest/Richest Quintilena/na 0 nanana na na 02001 2007 2005Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19: Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Ruralna/na Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na Per Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women, Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1918Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 23. ANGOLAIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990 Most Recent ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH1990Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing1,8195,8992008 Proportion of Population 15-24 1921 2009 Power Parity, International DollarsAge-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women,na 165 2005Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate, -0.314.8 200815-19 Annual Per CentAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have BegunnanaLower middleIncome Group per World Bank Classification naincome 2009 Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent na 54 2000Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse,nanaPopulation Living Below National Poverty Line, nana25-49, FemalePer CentMedian Age at Marriage/Union, Male*nanaShare of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintile na 22000 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, FemalenanaAccess to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 39 512006 Married/In Union by Age 18, Per Cent, 25-49, FemalenanaAccess to Improved Sanitation, Per Cent 2650 2006HIV Knowledge, Men 15-24 Who Knownana That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIVMATERNAL HEALTH1990 Most Recent by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentHIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna30 2000Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000 na 1,4002005 That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIV Live Births (MMR) by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentMMR, Lower Bound na 5602005HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna43 2000MMR, Upper Bound na 2,6002005 That a Healthy looking Person Can TransmitAntenatal Care, At Least One Visit,na 80 2007HIV, Per Cent Per Cent HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent na 0.2 2007Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, na 47 2007HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent na 0.3 2007 Per Cent *Age ranges examined differ across countriesCHILD HEALTH 1990 Most RecentGENDER EQUALITY 1990Most RecentInfant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births1501162007Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment92naUnder Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 live Births 258158 2007Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolmentna83 2002Children Under Age 5 Underweight,na312001 Moderate and Severe, Per CentLabour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Male na92 2006Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Female na76 2006EDUCATION1990 Most Recent Seats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent 15 37 2009Illiteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Male na172004 Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers,nanaPer Cent FemaleIlliteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Female na372004Professional and Technical Workers,nanaPrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 78 2001Per Cent FemaleSchool Age Population, MalePrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 69 2001School Age Population, Female REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSecondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna192002 DEMAND1990Most RecentSchool Age Population, Male Projected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna 1,980 2015Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna162002 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, ThousandsSchool Age Population, Female Projected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna38 2015Reproductive Age 2000-2015, Per CentHIV/AIDS 1990 Most Recent Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per CentnanaHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Cent na2.1 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent nanaHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Cent na 1.72007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per CentnanaHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Cent na 2.52007 Recent Births Unwanted, Per Cent nanaAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun Childbearing, Per Cent: Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent:Urban/Ruralna/naPoorest/Richest Quintile na/naLowest/Highest Level of Education na/na Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent:Provincial Low/High na/na Poorest/Richest Quintilena/naDeliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, Per Cent:Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Severe, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)53/26 Urban/Rural8/9Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)29/82 Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 11/5Provincial Low/High (2003)37/50Este/Capital Provincial Low/High (2000)6/12Capital/SulPoorest/Richest Quintilena/na Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, Modern Method, Per Cent: Antenatal Care, At Least One Visit, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)6/1 Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naLowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 1/18Provincial Low/High (2003) 2/12Este/CapitalPoorest/Richest Quintilena/naFor updates, please visit our web site: www.unfpa.org/countries/Sub-Saharan Africa19 24. StatisticsBeninPOPULATIONPopulation in Thousands, Male19902,561Most Recent 4,509 2009OverviewPopulation in Thousands, FemalePopulation Growth Rate, Per Cent2,617 na 4,426 20093.1 2009Benin is a rapidly growing, least developed country where the increaseCrude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population47 39 2009in population size has resulted from high and constant fertility coupledwith high but declining mortality. Adolescent fertility has also remained Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population 15 9 2009high. Progress towards the achievement of the MDGs is slow in Benin,which ranks 161 out of 179 countries on the 2008 Human DevelopmentUrban Population, Per Cent 34 41 2007Index. Most MDGs will be difficult to accomplish by 2015, especiallySex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births104 104 2009MDG 1 to reduce poverty and hunger, and MDG 5 to improve maternalhealth. Some progress has been made in reducing poverty, narrowingWomen 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 44 46 2009income inequalities and expanding the supply of social services.The recent results of a Livelihood Survey (EMICOV) indicate thatTotal Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 6.8 5.4 200932 per cent of the people were poor in 2007.Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna 17 2006 The number of children orphaned by AIDS decreased to 29,000 in15-49, Any Method, Per Cent2007 (down from 34,000 in 2003). HIV prevalence among youthhas decreased since 2005, though the gender disparity in prevalence Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna6 2006still persists. Among youth aged 15 to 24, prevalence is three times as15-49, Modern Method, Per Centhigh among women as among men. Gender inequalities persist in 62 2009Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 53education, and among elected office holders. The Government and its development partners are guided by keyLife Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years52 61 2009policy documents, including the Population Policy Declaration (1996),Life Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years54 63 2009revised to include Strategic Directions for Development 2006-2011;the Benin 2025 National Vision; the Poverty Reduction Strategy PaperMedian Age of Total Population 16 18 2009(PRSP) for 2007-2013; the National Policy for Reproductive Health;National Strategy for the Reduction of Maternal and NeonatalPopulation Under Age 15, Per Cent46 43 2009Mortality (2006-2015); the National Policy for Promotion of WomensPopulation Age 60 and Over, Per Cent 5 5 2009Rights; the National Policy on Youth; and the decree of free primaryeducation. In 2005, Benin adopted a law on the prevention, treatmentDependency Ratio 10086 2009and monitoring of HIV/AIDS and, in 2008, a new gender policy. Priority areas in the PRSP include: accelerating economic growth Child Dependency Ratio 8980 2009through diversification; revitalizing the private sector; developingOld-age Dependency Ratio76 2009infrastructure for transport, energy and water; building human capital;promoting good governance and protection of individual freedoms;and ensuring a balanced and sustainable distribution of activities ICPD Indicators MDG Indicatorsand infrastructures. To contend with population growth, the Government hasPublic Expenditures on Health and Educationundertaken a special initiative to reduce maternal mortality, repositionfamily planning and strengthen womens empowerment and equity. Health Primary & Secondary EducationCaesarean sections are now decreed free of charge, and the % of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDPPer student ($US)Government has promised to increase the number of women in 2.4 2006 10 20063.0 2006 58 2004/2006government and decision-making positions. * High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimatedthat $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100 300INTERNAL DISPARITIES250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49: 8078Urban/Rural4.9/6.3200 Lowest/Highest Level of Education 6.4/3.4 60Provincial Low/High3.7/7.0Littoral/Atacora140 150 Poorest/Richest Quintile 7.0/4.2 40114Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births:100 Urban/Rural 116/145 20 Lowest/Highest Level of Education143/84 17 50 1011 Provincial Low/High 82/184Littoral/DongaPoorest/Richest Quintile 151/83 0 na na01999 2001 2006 2006 1990 2004Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19: Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Rural 71/145 Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile 178/33 Per Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women, Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1920Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 25. BENINIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990 Most RecentADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 1990Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing6921,468 2008 Proportion of Population 15-24 19 202009 Power Parity, International Dollars Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 1401142004Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate, 3.2 5.1 200815-19 Annual Per Cent Adolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun na212006Income Group per World Bank Classification naLow income 2009Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent na 472003 Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse, na182006Population Living Below National Poverty Line, na 29199925-49, FemalePer Cent Median Age at Marriage/Union, Male* na252006Share of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintile na72003 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, Female na192006Access to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 63 652006 Married/In Union by Age 18, Per Cent, 25-49, Female na422006Access to Improved Sanitation, Per Cent12 302006 HIV Knowledge, Men 15-24 Who Know na872006That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIVMATERNAL HEALTH1990 Most Recentby Consistent Condom Use, Per Cent HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Know na73 2006Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000 na8402005That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIV Live Births (MMR)by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentMMR, Lower Bound na3302005 HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Know na692006MMR, Upper Bound na 1,600 2005That a Healthy looking Person Can TransmitAntenatal Care, At Least One Visit,na 882006HIV, Per Cent Per CentHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent na 0.32007Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, na 782006 HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent na 0.92007 Per Cent*Age ranges examined differ across countriesCHILD HEALTH 1990 Most Recent GENDER EQUALITY1990Most RecentInfant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births111782007 Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment51 832006Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 live Births 184123 2007 Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolment 42572005Children Under Age 5 Underweight,na 232006 Moderate and Severe, Per Cent Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Malena862006 Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Femalena552006EDUCATION1990 Most RecentSeats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent 311 2009Illiteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Male 43 372007 Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers, nana Per Cent FemaleIlliteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Female 75 592007 Professional and Technical Workers, nanaPrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna1052006 Per Cent FemaleSchool Age Population, MalePrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 872006School Age Population, FemaleREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSecondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna41 2005 DEMAND 1990Most RecentSchool Age Population, MaleProjected Increase/Decrease in Women of na 9852015Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 232005 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, ThousandsSchool Age Population, FemaleProjected Increase/Decrease in Women of na402015 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, Per CentHIV/AIDS 1990 Most RecentUnmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent na182006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Cent na 1.2 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Centna122006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Cent na 0.9 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per Cent na302006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Cent na 1.6 2007 Recent Births Unwanted, Per Centna 13 2006Adolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun Childbearing, Per Cent:Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent:Urban/Rural13/29 Poorest/Richest Quintile 19/13Lowest/Highest Level of Education39/4Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent:Provincial Low/High7/51Littoral/AliboriPoorest/Richest Quintile11/13Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, Per Cent: Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Severe, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)86/74Urban/Rural15/21Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)72/99Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 6/0Provincial Low/High (2003)41/97Alibori/Atlantique, Oueme Provincial Low/High (2000) 10/30Littoral/AliboriPoorest/Richest Quintile56/97Poorest/Richest Quintile 8/2Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, Modern Method, Per Cent:Antenatal Care, At Least One Visit, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)9/5Poorest/Richest Quintile74/99Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 4/19Provincial Low/High (2003) 3/11Plateau/LittoralPoorest/Richest Quintile 2/13For updates, please visit our web site: www.unfpa.org/countries/ Sub-Saharan Africa 21 26. StatisticsBotswana POPULATIONPopulation in Thousands, Male1990 700 Most Recent 974 2009OverviewPopulation in Thousands, FemalePopulation Growth Rate, Per Cent 729 na976 20091.5 2009Botswana, with an estimated population of 1.8 million in 2008, isCrude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population34 24 2009ranked as a middle income country, yet one-third of its populationlives below the poverty line. The Government has intensified efforts to Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population 611 2009diversify the economy and create jobs.HIV/AIDS prevalence is high at nearly 24 per cent among the Urban Population, Per Cent 42 59 2007population aged 15 to 49, and 8 per cent among youth aged 15 to 24.Sex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births 103103 2009The high HIV/AIDS prevalence has stalled development and reversedhealth gains. Life expectancy at birth has declined, from 65 yearsWomen 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 47 53 2009in 1991 to 57 years in 2009. Botswanas population structure ischanging, with young people making up an increasing proportionTotal Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 4.5 2.8 2009of the population. The Government, assisted by the UN and otherContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna 44 2000development partners, instituted a range of interventions including15-49, Any Method, Per Centthe provision of antiretroviral therapy to treat people with AIDS.Having achieved a high level of treatment for HIV/AIDS, greater focus Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women32 42 2000is currently placed on HIV prevention, particularly among youth. 15-49, Modern Method, Per CentMaternal and child health are improving, however, and almost57 2009Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 65all births are delivered by skilled attendants.The adoption of the National Population Policy was a majorLife Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years62 57 2009accomplishment. The programmes goals include: reducing adolescentLife Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years67 57 2009fertility and maternal mortality rates; achieving gender equality andequity; and empowering youth to make informed choices. A WomensMedian Age of Total Population1723 2009Affairs Department was established to mainstream gender across allsectors and to promote gender equality and equity. The Government,Population Under Age 15, Per Cent45 33 2009in partnership with UNFPA, has trained service personnel to providePopulation Age 60 and Over, Per Cent46 2009better youth-friendly services and information.Key challenges currently facing Botswana include the relatively Dependency Ratio 92 59 2009high maternal and infant mortality rates, gender inequality(particularly the low representation of women at executive andChild Dependency Ratio 86 53 2009political levels), gender-based violence, intermittent stock outs ofOld-age Dependency Ratio 5 6 2009health commodities due to weak stock management and informationsystems, and the need to scale-up HIV prevention among youth andother marginalised populations. ICPD Indicators MDG IndicatorsPublic Expenditures on Health and Education HealthPrimary & Secondary Education % of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDPPer student ($US) 5.4 2006 271 2006 5.8 20071071 2005* High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimatedthat $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100 300 94 INTERNAL DISPARITIES250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49: 80Urban/Ruralna/na200 Lowest/Highest Level of Educationna/na 6360 60Provincial Low/Highna/na150 Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na44 40 Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births:92100na/naUrban/Rural 20 Lowest/Highest Level of Educationna/na 51 50Provincial Low/Highna/naPoorest/Richest Quintile na/na 0 na na01999 2005 2000 2000 1990 2006Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19: Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Ruralna/na Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na Per Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women, Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1922Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 27. BOTSWANAIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990 Most RecentADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 1990 Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing 4,47913,3922008Proportion of Population 15-2421222009 Power Parity, International Dollars Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 92 512006Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate,6.8-1.0 2008 15-19 Annual Per Cent Adolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun28 naUpper middleIncome Group per World Bank Classification naincome 2009Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per CentnanaMedian Age at First Sexual Intercourse, 17naPopulation Living Below National Poverty Line, nana 25-49, FemalePer Cent Median Age at Marriage/Union, Male* 31naShare of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintilena31995 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, Female27 naAccess to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 93 96 2006Married/In Union by Age 18, Per Cent, 25-49, Female18 naAccess to Improved Sanitation, Per Cent 38 47 2006 HIV Knowledge, Men 15-24 Who Knowna naThat a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIVMATERNAL HEALTH1990 Most Recentby Consistent Condom Use, Per Cent HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna 76 2000Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000 na380 2005That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIV Live Births (MMR)by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentMMR, Lower Bound na 1202005 HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna 812001MMR, Upper Bound na 1,0002005That a Healthy looking Person Can TransmitAntenatal Care, At Least One Visit, na 97 2000 HIV, Per Cent Per CentHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent na 5.1 2007Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, na 94 2000 HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent na15.3 2007 Per Cent*Age ranges examined differ across countriesCHILD HEALTH 1990 Most Recent GENDER EQUALITY1990 Most RecentInfant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births 45 33 2007 Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment 107 992005Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 live Births 57 40 2007 Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolment 1181052005Children Under Age 5 Underweight, na132000 Moderate and Severe, Per Cent Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Male na 712006 Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Female na 482006EDUCATION1990 Most RecentSeats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent 5 11 2009Illiteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Male 21 7 2007Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers,na 332008 Per Cent FemaleIlliteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Female 13 5 2007 Professional and Technical Workers,na 512008Primary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 1082005 Per Cent FemaleSchool Age Population, MalePrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 1062005School Age Population, FemaleREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSecondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 75 2005DEMAND 1990 Most RecentSchool Age Population, MaleProjected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna1122015Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent ofna 78 2005Reproductive Age 2000-2015, ThousandsSchool Age Population, FemaleProjected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna 202015 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, Per CentHIV/AIDS 1990 Most RecentUnmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent24 naHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Cent na23.92007Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent21naHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Cent na18.92007Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per Cent na naHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Cent na28.92007Recent Births Unwanted, Per Cent 22 naAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun Childbearing, Per Cent:Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent:Urban/Ruralna/na Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naLowest/Highest Level of Educationna/na Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent:Provincial Low/Highna/na Poorest/Richest Quintilena/naDeliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, Per Cent: Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Severe, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)98/99Urban/Rural2/3Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)98/99Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) na/naNorth East/Kgalagadi, Ghanzi,Provincial Low/High (2003)94/100Kgatleng, Kweneng, South East,Small Towns, Selibe Phikwe, Lobatse Provincial Low/High (2000)0/16 Gabarone/GhanziPoorest/Richest Quintile na/na Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, Modern Method, Per Cent:Antenatal Care, At Least One Visit, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)42/39Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naLowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 29/46Provincial Low/High (2003) 35/49Southern/South EastPoorest/Richest Quintile na/naFor updates, please visit our web site: http://www.unfpa.org/profilesSub-Saharan Africa23 28. StatisticsBurkina FasoPOPULATION Population in Thousands, Male 19904,262Most Recent 7,870 2009Overview Population in Thousands, Female Population Growth Rate, Per Cent4,270 na 7,887 20093.4 2009Burkina Fasos population is estimated at 15.8 million. The country Crude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population 5049 2009is committed to addressing the needs of youth, adolescents andwomen, while improving gender equity and the quality of and access Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population 18 13 2009to health care. As one of the least developed countries in the world,characterised by a young population with 60 per cent under age 20, Urban Population, Per Cent14 19 2007the Government is alarmed by continued high maternal, infant and Sex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births 105105 2009childhood mortality. The maternal mortality ratio is around 700maternal deaths per 100,000 births. Low contraceptive useWomen 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population4346 2009contributes to high fertility rates. Life expectancy is low (an averageof 53 years) and school enrolment figures are very low more so for Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-497.35.9 2009girls than boys. More than half of the population lives on less than Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women na 17 2006US$1.25 a day.15-49, Any Method, Per CentHIV/AIDS prevalence appears to be declining. However, thenumber of children orphaned by AIDS has increased from 77,000 in Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women na 13 20062001 to 100,000 in 2007. The political commitment to combating15-49, Modern Method, Per CentHIV/AIDS has been considerably enhanced at high governing levels 53 2009 Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years48since Burkina Faso became eligible in 2002 for the Global Fund. Thiscommitment includes active and sustained support of religious andLife Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years 4652 2009traditional leaders, private companies, the army, NGOs, community Life Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years 4955 2009organisations and a national network of people living with HIV/AIDS.Burkina Faso has recorded important progress on the MDGs,Median Age of Total Population16 17 2009especially in the expansion of basic social services includingeducation, health and drinking water. Primary education and literacy Population Under Age 15, Per Cent 4746 2009rates have increased; infant, child and maternal mortality rates Population Age 60 and Over, Per Cent 53 2009though still high are declining and a greater share of babies aredelivered with skilled attendants. By 2006, 72 per cent of the Dependency Ratio102 94 2009population had access to clean water. Child Dependency Ratio9590 2009 Old-age Dependency Ratio 54 2009 ICPD Indicators MDG Indicators Public Expenditures on Health and EducationHealth Primary & Secondary Education% of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDP Per student ($US)3.6 200618 2006 3.5 2006 88 2006/2007 * High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimated that $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100300 INTERNAL DISPARITIES 80250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49: Urban/Rural3.7/6.9 200 Lowest/Highest Level of Education6.7/2.8 6054 Provincial Low/High 3.1/7.7Ouagadougou/Nord 154 150 Poorest/Richest Quintile6.6/3.6131 40Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births: 100 Urban/Rural 126/196 20Lowest/Highest Level of Education193/8817 5012 Provincial Low/High 119/285Ouagadougou/Sahel6Poorest/Richest Quintile 196/1110 na na0 1999 2008 2006 2006 1990 2001 Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19:Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Rural64/157Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naPer Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000 School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women,Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1924Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 29. BURKINA FASOIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990Most RecentADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH1990Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing 7261,161 2008 Proportion of Population 15-2420202009 Power Parity, International DollarsAge-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women,154131 2001Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate,-1.54.5 200815-19 Annual Per CentAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun na232003Income Group per World Bank ClassificationnaLow income 2009 Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent na 572003Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse, na182003Population Living Below National Poverty Line,na 46200325-49, FemalePer CentMedian Age at Marriage/Union, Male* 28naShare of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintile na 7 2003 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, Female 19naAccess to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 34 722006 Married/In Union by Age 18, Per Cent, 25-49, Female na522006Access to Improved Sanitation, Per Cent513 2006HIV Knowledge, Men 15-24 Who Know nana That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIVMATERNAL HEALTH1990 Most Recent by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentHIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Know na70 2006Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000na 700 2005 That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIV Live Births (MMR) by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentMMR, Lower Boundna 390 2005HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Know na622006MMR, Upper Boundna 1,000 2005 That a Healthy looking Person Can TransmitAntenatal Care, At Least One Visit, na 852006HIV, Per Cent Per Cent HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent na0.5 2007Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, na 542006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent na0.9 2007 Per Cent *Age ranges examined differ across countriesCHILD HEALTH 1990 Most RecentGENDER EQUALITY 1990Most RecentInfant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births1121042007Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment64 842007Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 live Births 206 191 2007Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolment 54732007Children Under Age 5 Underweight, na 372006 Moderate and Severe, Per CentLabour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Malena902006Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Femalena802006EDUCATION1990 Most Recent Seats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent na 15 2009Illiteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Male 64532007 Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers, nanaPer Cent FemaleIlliteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Female 86672007Professional and Technical Workers, nanaPrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na71 2007Per Cent FemaleSchool Age Population, MalePrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na 602007School Age Population, Female REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSecondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na 182007 DEMAND1990Most RecentSchool Age Population, Male Projected Increase/Decrease in Women of na 1,6642015Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na13 2007 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, ThousandsSchool Age Population, Female Projected Increase/Decrease in Women of na382015Reproductive Age 2000-2015, Per CentHIV/AIDS 1990 Most Recent Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent na242006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Centna 1.6 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Centna 82006HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Centna 1.5 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per Cent na292003HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Centna 1.7 2007 Recent Births Unwanted, Per Cent10 92003Adolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun Childbearing, Per Cent: Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent:Urban/Rural11/28Poorest/Richest Quintile 7/7Lowest/Highest Level of Education28/8 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent:Provincial Low/High6/46Ouagadougou/EstPoorest/Richest Quintile25/13Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, Per Cent:Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Severe, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)66/51 Urban/Rural 11/15Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)54/60 Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)15/7Provincial Low/High (2003)20/97Sahel/OuagadougouProvincial Low/High (2000)5/22Ouagadougou/SahelPoorest/Richest Quintile56/65 Poorest/Richest Quintile 17/9Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, Modern Method, Per Cent: Antenatal Care, At Least One Visit, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003) 32/8 Poorest/Richest Quintile79/98Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)10/38Provincial Low/High (2003) 2/30Est/OuagadougouPoorest/Richest Quintile 6/36For updates, please visit our web site: www.unfpa.org/countries/Sub-Saharan Africa25 30. StatisticsBurundiPOPULATIONPopulation in Thousands, Male19902,761 Most Recent 4,070 2009OverviewPopulation in Thousands, FemalePopulation Growth Rate, Per Cent 2,909 na 4,233 20093.0 2009Burundi is one of the poorest countries in the world over three-Crude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population47 34 2009quarters of its inhabitants live on less than US$1.25 per day. As thecountry prepares for an election in 2010, there is considerable Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population20 14 2009turmoil. Returning refugees (95,000) have been involved in landdisputes. Human rights violations have occurred, including an Urban Population, Per Cent6 10 2007increase in sexual violence and the arrest of journalists. More thanSex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births 103103 2009100,000 internally displaced persons and 21,000 refugees from othercountries are in need of assistance. As a consequence, population and Women 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 46 51 2009health issues are not receiving as much attention as planned. The estimated 2009 population of 8.3 million is growing at 3 per Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 6.8 4.4 2009cent per year. Fertility has fallen significantly since 1990, from 6.8Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna 20 2002lifetime births per woman to 4.4 births per woman. The maternal15-49, Any Method, Per Centmortality ratio, estimated at 1,100 deaths per 100,000 live births in2005, is extremely high, as is infant mortality (108 deaths per 1,000 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Womenna8 2005live births). Also of concern, less than 34 per cent of all births take15-49, Modern Method, Per Centplace with skilled attendants and the contraceptive prevalence rate,51 2009Life Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 4520 per cent for any method in 2002, is low. HIV/AIDS also continuesto be a priority concern. Life Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years43 49 2009 A new penal code meant to exact heavier penalties for sexual andLife Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years47 53 2009gender-based violence has been stalled in Parliament. There is also aneed for a new inheritance law to address inequities in property rights Median Age of Total Population1720 2009for women. These inequities contradict commitments Burundi hasmade to international agreements. Population Under Age 15, Per Cent45 38 2009 On the positive side, family planning and birth-spacing are nowPopulation Age 60 and Over, Per Cent 54 2009more openly discussed. Free health care for pregnant women andchildren under age 5, decreed by the President in 2006, has been aDependency Ratio 94 71 2009success, suggesting that the low rate of births attended by skilledpersonnel was a financial rather than a cultural issue. UNFPA began a Child Dependency Ratio 88 66 2009new family planning programme initiative in 2007, and its involvementOld-age Dependency Ratio65 2009with the Peacebuilding Funds Youth Project has given it high visibility.UNDP has taken over the main economic empowerment portions ofthe youth programme and UNFPA focuses on training and sensitisation ICPD Indicators MDG Indicatorsin life skills for youth. UNFPA provided substantial input into theNational Strategy for Reproductive Health drafted in 2007. UNFPAPublic Expenditures on Health and Educationhas also initiated discussion with UNICEF for a joint programme forthe medical care of victims of gender-based violence.Health Primary & Secondary Education % of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDPPer student ($US) 0.7 20061 20064.3 2005 30 2005* High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimatedthat $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100 300INTERNAL DISPARITIES250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49: 80Urban/Ruralna/na200 Lowest/Highest Level of Educationna/na 60Provincial Low/Highna/na150 Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na 40 Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births: 34 100 Urban/Rural 137/178 20 20Lowest/Highest Level of Education195/5550Provincial Low/High144/197Sud/Nord33 30Poorest/Richest Quintile 190/128 0 nanana na02002 2005 1990 2001Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19: Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Ruralna/na Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na Per Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women, Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1926Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 31. BURUNDIIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990Most RecentADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 1990 Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing 684 3832008 Proportion of Population 15-2419 232009 Power Parity, International DollarsAge-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 33302001Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate,3.5 4.5 200815-19 Annual Per CentAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have BegunnanaIncome Group per World Bank ClassificationnaLow income 2009 Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent 8481 2006Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse,nanaPopulation Living Below National Poverty Line,68na 25-49, FemalePer CentMedian Age at Marriage/Union, Male*26naShare of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintile 8 9 2006 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, Female23naAccess to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 7071 2006 Married/In Union by Age 18, Per Cent, 25-49, Femalena202005Access to Improved Sanitation, Per Cent 4441 2006HIV Knowledge, Men 15-24 Who Knownana That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIVMATERNAL HEALTH1990Most Recent by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentHIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna64 2005Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000na1,1002005 That a Person Can Reduce Risk of HIV Live Births (MMR) by Consistent Condom Use, Per CentMMR, Lower Boundna 480 2005HIV Knowledge, Women 15-24 Who Knowna822005MMR, Upper Boundna 1,900 2005 That a Healthy looking Person Can TransmitAntenatal Care, At Least One Visit, na 922005HIV, Per Cent Per Cent HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Male, Per Cent na 0.42007Deliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, na 342005HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-24, Female, Per Cent na1.3 2007 Per Cent *Age ranges examined differ across countriesCHILD HEALTH 1990Most RecentGENDER EQUALITY1990 Most RecentInfant Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births 113 1082007Gender Parity Index, Net Primary Enrolment 84932007Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 live Births 1891802007Gender Parity Index, Net Secondary Enrolment 58722007Children Under Age 5 Underweight, na 392005 Moderate and Severe, Per CentLabour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Male91 942006Labour Force Participation Rate, 15-64, Female 92932006EDUCATION1990Most RecentSeats in Parliament Held by Women, Per Cent na 31 2009Illiteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Male4231 2005 Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers,nanaPer Cent FemaleIlliteracy Rate, Per Cent of Population 15-24, Female55 302005Professional and Technical Workers,nanaPrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na 119 2007Per Cent FemaleSchool Age Population, MalePrimary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na 110 2007School Age Population, Female REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSecondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na18 2007 DEMAND 1990 Most RecentSchool Age Population, Male Projected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna996 2015Secondary School Enrolment, Gross Per Cent of na13 2007 Reproductive Age 2000-2015, ThousandsSchool Age Population, Female Projected Increase/Decrease in Women ofna402015Reproductive Age 2000-2015, Per CentHIV/AIDS 1990Most RecentUnmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per CentnanaHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Total, Per Centna2.02007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent nanaHIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Male, Per Centna 1.6 2007 Unmet Need for Family Planning, Total, Per Cent na292002HIV/AIDS Prevalence, 15-49, Female, Per Centna 2.4 2007 Recent Births Unwanted, Per Cent nanaAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun Childbearing, Per Cent: Unmet Need for Family Planning, Spacing, Per Cent:Urban/Ruralna/naPoorest/Richest Quintile na/naLowest/Highest Level of Education na/na Unmet Need for Family Planning, Limiting, Per Cent:Provincial Low/High na/na Poorest/Richest Quintilena/naDeliveries Attended by Skilled Attendants, Per Cent:Children Under Age 5 Underweight, Severe, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003)75/32 Urban/Rural 5/14Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)30/84 Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000)15/3Provincial Low/High (2003)23/43Est/OuestProvincial Low/High (2000)6/17 Ouest/CentrePoorest/Richest Quintile25/55 Poorest/Richest Quintile na/naContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 15-49, Modern Method, Per Cent: Antenatal Care, At Least One Visit, Per Cent:Urban/Rural (2003) 16/7 Poorest/Richest Quintile 91/93Lowest/Highest Level of Education (2000) 5/26Provincial Low/High (2003) 3/12Est/NordPoorest/Richest Quintile 6/12For updates, please visit our web site: www.unfpa.org/countries/Sub-Saharan Africa 27 32. StatisticsCameroon,POPULATIONPopulation in Thousands, Male1990 5,774 Most Recent9,759 2009Republic of Population in Thousands, Female5,8779,763 2009Population Growth Rate, Per Cent na 2.2 2009OverviewCrude Birth Rate per 1,000 Population4237 2009Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Population1414 2009Cameroons population, estimated at 19.5 million, is growing by 2.2per cent a year. With most of its neighbours having experienced Urban Population, Per Cent 4156 2007armed conflicts or socio-political turmoil in recent years, Cameroonhas received large numbers of displaced people. Today it hosts closeSex Ratio at Birth, Male Births per 100 Female Births 103 103 2009to 90,000 refugees and asylum-seekers. Of these, more than 14,600 48 2009Women 15-49, Per Cent of Total Female Population 44live in urban areas, while some 60,000 from the Central AfricanRepublic are settled in villages in East or Adamaoua provinces. After Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49 5.94.6 2009rebel attacks in Chad in February 2009, over 14,000 Chadians soughtrefuge in northern Cameroon. Persistent inflation despite governmentContraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women1629 2006 15-49, Any Method, Per Centefforts, and the international financial crisis have exacerbated thesituation and one-third of the population lives on less than US$1.25Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for Women 412 2006a day. 15-49, Modern Method, Per CentTo address the high maternal mortality rate of 1,000 deaths perLife Expectancy at Birth, Total, Years 5251 2009100,000 live births, the infant mortality of 87 per 1,000 live births andthe fertility rate of 4.6 children during a womans reproductive life, theLife Expectancy at Birth, Male, Years5151 2009Government and its partners, including UNFPA, have recently endorseda national Health Sector Strategy. The process of reviewing the Life Expectancy at Birth, Female, Years5452 2009national framework for the sexual and reproductive health ofMedian Age of Total Population 1719 2009adolescents and aligning it to the National Road Map for MaternalMortality Reduction is underway. The Head of State has also ratifiedPopulation Under Age 15, Per Cent4541 2009the Maputo Protocol and has registered its first gender and humanrights report with the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Population Age 60 and Over, Per Cent6 5 2009against Women. Currently the Government is working on passing aDependency Ratio 94 80 2009law against gender-based violence and discrimination. In 2005 UNFPAsupported the third Population and Housing Census, the results of Child Dependency Ratio 8974 2009which still remain to be published. The year 2009 marked an historicOld-age Dependency Ratio7 6 2009turn in the countrys medium and long-term development vision withthe finalisation of six major policy and planning frameworks: Vision2035, The Strategic Document for Growth and Employment, the ICPD Indicators MDG IndicatorsHealth and Education Sector Strategies, the National Strategy forStatistics Development and the National Youth Plan.Public Expenditures on Health and Education Health Primary & Secondary Education % of GDPPer capita ($US)* % of GDPPer student ($US) 1.0 20069 20063.0 2007 99 2007* High Level Taskforce on Innovative International Financing for Health Systems (2009) estimatedthat $49-$54 per capita is needed to attain the health-related MDGs.Progress Toward MDGs100 300INTERNAL DISPARITIES 80 250 Total Fertility Rate per Woman 15-49:Urban/Rural4.0/6.164 63 200 Lowest/Highest Level of Education6.3/3.5 60 Douala, Yaound/Provincial Low/High3.2/6.4Extrme Nord 141150 Poorest/Richest Quintile 6.5/3.2 40 Under Age 5 Mortality Rate per 1,000 Live Births:100 Urban/Rural 119/169 29 20 Lowest/Highest Level of Education186/93 16 50Provincial Low/High 75/205Douala/NordPoorest/Richest Quintile 189/88 0 nanana 01990 20061990 20062002Age-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, 15-19: Secondary School Contraceptive Deliveries Age-Specific Urban/Rural 105/183 Enrolment, NetPrevalence Rate Attended by Fertility Rate Poorest/Richest Quintile na/na Per Cent offor Women 15-49,Skilled per 1,000School Age Any Method, Attendants, Women, Population, FemalePer Cent Per Cent 15-1928Country Profiles for Population and Reproductive Health: Policy Developments and Indicators 2009/2010 33. CAMEROONIndicatorsSOCIO-ECONOMIC & HEALTH1990 Most Recent ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH1990 Most RecentGross Domestic Product Per Capita, Purchasing1,666 2,215 2008 Proportion of Population 15-2419212009 Power Parity, International DollarsAge-Specific Fertility Rate per 1,000 Women, na141 2002Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate,-6.1 3.9200815-19 Annual Per CentAdolescent Women 15-19 Who Have Begun 35282004Lower middleIncome Group per World Bank Classificationna income 2009 Childbearing, Per CentPopulation Below $1.25/Day, Per Cent na 332001Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse, 16162004Population Living Below National Poverty Line,na40 200125-49, FemalePer CentMedian Age at Marriage/Union, Male* 23252004Share of Income or Consumption by Poorest Quintile na62001 Median Age at Marriage/Union, 25-49, Female 17182004Access to Improved Drinking Water Supply, Per Cent 497