understand hiv and aids in workplace

7/23/2019 Understand HIV and AIDs in Workplace

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6 steps tounderstanding AIDS in the

WORKPLACE

DEPARTMENT OF LAOR AND EMPLO!MENT



What is "I#$

"u%an i%%uno&de'i(ien() *irus Atta(+s ,od)-s i%%une s)ste% . (auses AIDS

In(u,ation period 'or "I# in'e(tion /asts 'or

a*erage o' 0&1 )earsNo s)%pto%s

"I# anti,odies %u/tip/)ing

CD23 (e//s 45hite ,/ood (e//s or /)%pho()tes that p/a) a +e)

ro/e in the i%%une s)ste% de(reasing i%%une s)ste%,e(o%ing de'i(ient

Prone to 7opportunisti( in'e(tions8 9 in'e(tions that

atta(+ person 5hose i%%une s)ste% is de'i(ient



What is AIDS$

A(:uired i%%une de'i(ien() s)ndro%eMost serious; /ater stage o' "I# in'e(tion

I%%une s)ste% ,rea+s do5n sus(epti,/e to %an) in'e(tions e*entua//) resu/t in death

AIDS is a s)ndro%e; a (o%,inationo' signs . s)%pto%sCan(er; T . other diseases

(aused ,) proto<oa; parasites;'ungi; ,a(teria=



"o5 %an) are in'e(ted in the

Wor/d$ In the Phi/ippines$&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Global Statistics (UNAIDS 2008 Report)

36-40million a!lts an c"ilren estimate to be li#in$ %it" &I' AIDS Aro!n 2* million are c"ilren belo% +*,rs ol Aro!n 28 million are alrea, ea +*000 people $et in.ecte e#er,a, /* o. t"ose li#in$ %it" &I' come .rom e#elopin$ an poor co!ntries

1URRN ID5I7GI1A7 RI7 (National Ais Re$istr, an N1-D&)

as o. ARI7 20+0

4/9+ total reporte &I' positi#e cases 4+3+ (83) as,mptomatic 840 (+9) AIDS cases 3+/ - (38) eat"s !e to AIDS 392* (94/) males : +23* (2*) .emales 4432 (8/) o. cases %ere transmitte t"ro!$" se; +38/ (29) <s: +034 (94) 5A7S: 5an, more &I'=AIDS cases "a#e been !nreporte



Step B Trans%itting "I#



Can )ou te// i' a person has "I#$

Not Hust ,) /oo+ing

Person /i*ing 5ith "I# appears nor%a/;

/i+e an) other person 7as)%pto%ati(84sho5s no s)%pto%s

"eJshe /oo+s . 'ee/s hea/th) 'or )ears

CATION So%eone 5ho /oo+s . 'ee/s

hea/th) (an sti// 4un+no5ing/) pass on"I# to so%eone e/se



"o5 (an "I# ,e passed$

What ,od) '/uids (ontain

enough "I# to trans%it"I#$

/ood; ,reast %i/+; se%en

. *agina/ se(retions

N sa/i*a; s5eat;

tears; urine; *o%it;

ph/eg%

There %ust ,e "I# present; in highenough (on(entration



"o5 (an "I# ,e passed$

Dire(t/) 4eg; inHe(tion; (uts . sores

Through %u(ous %e%,ranes4eg; /ining o' *agina/ 5a//; urethra; re(tu%

"I# is *er) 'ragi/e outside o' hu%an,od)Easi/) +i//ed ,) soap . 5ater

Dies :ui(+/) in air

Cannot sur*i*e in te%peratures o*er 6 deg C

Inta(t s+in 9 e(e//ent prote(ti*e (oating

B "I# %ust sur*i*e . pass into thebloostream 'or in'e(tion to o((ur



Can "I# spread thru %os:uitoes$

NO "I# does NOT spread through

%os:uitoes . inse(ts; 5ater; or 'ood

Wh)$"I# is a hu%an *irus it doesn-t sur*i*e outside

hu%ans

Mos:uitoes ta+e ,/ood out; ,ut it doesn-t inHe(t

,/ood into the net person 4it inHe(ts its o5nsa/i*a=5hi(h does NOT ha*e "I#



What are the %ain %odes o'

trans%ission$

nprote(ted seua/ (onta(t MOST COMMON g/o,a//) . in the Phi/ippines

Most/) heteroseua/

B Eposure to in'e(ted ,/ood #ia ,/ood trans'usions; organ transp/ant

Fro% instru%ents (onta%inated 5ith "I#

@ Trans%ission 'ro% %other to (hi/d During pregnan() 4B&@ tri%ester

De/i*er)

Resu/t o' ,reast'eeding



What is high&ris+ ,eha*ior$

eha*ior that (an 'a(i/itate spread o' "I#nsa'e seua/ re/ations

Mu/tip/e se partners 47seria/ %onoga%)8 is o+

Sharing need/es or other %edi(a/

instru%ents 5ith other peop/e

Trans'usion o' ,/oodJ

transp/ant o' organs thatha*e not ,een tested 'or "I#



What +ind o' seua/ re/ations are

%ost /i+e/) to spread "I#$

Ana/ se 9 highest ris+ 'or partner 5hoseanus is penetrated Mu(ous %e%,rane o' anus re/ati*e/) thin .

%ore easi/) irritated than in *agina/ 5a// More 'ri(tion than *agina/ se easier to tear

B #agina/ se 9 5o%an is %ore at ris+ than

the %an Mu(ous %e%,rane o' *agina is :uite 'ragi/e

Sper% re%ains in *agina 'or 'air/) /ong period in(reased (han(e o' "I# entering

,/oodstrea%



What-s the /in+ ,et5een "I# . STIs$

A person 5ith seua//) trans%itted

in'e(tion 4STI is %ore /i+e/) toSprea "I#

1ontract "I#

Wh)$ A person 5ith STI o'ten has

a,rasions or s5e//ing . openings that

a//o5 "I# to eit or enter during seua/re/ations



"I# is spreading %ore :ui(+/) a%ong

5o%en than %en$

!ES

io/ogi(a//)

#agina %ore easi/) irritated than penis; esp a%ong

)ounger 5o%en B )oSo(ia//); 5o%en

Re(ei*e /ess in'or%ation on "I#JAIDS . STIs

Cannot negotiate 'or sa'er se

O'ten ha*e partners 5ho %a)

,e ha*ing other re/ationships



Are se 5or+ers the pri%ar) sour(e

o' "I# trans%ission$

No Se 5or+er %ost /i+e/) got

"I# 'ro% (usto%er

"igh&ris+ ,eha*ior

Mu/tip/e seua/ partners

In(reased STI ris+

Di''i(u/t) negotiating 'or

(ondo% use



Can 5or+er /i*ing 5J "I# trans%it to

other peop/e at 5or+p/a(e$

NO; ,J( "I# (annot ,e trans%itted thru

(asua/ (onta(t Sha+ing hands; hugging; +issing; sharing (/othes; utensi/s;

toi/et; (oughing; snee<ing; (r)ing; et(; are SAFEMandator) "I# testing 'or e%p/o)%ent 9

i//ega/ in Phi/ippines 4RA02

O*erseas (o%panies %a) re:uire "I# tests

Wor+er /i*ing 5ith "I# treated as an) other

5or+er 5J (hroni( i//ness



What a,out hea/th(are 5or+ers$ Are

the) at ris+$

"ea/th(are 5or+ers %a) (o%e into (onta(t5ith ,/ood; *agina/ se(retions; se%en

Can ,e prote(ted thru sa'et) pro(edures 9

uni*ersa/ pre(autionsStandard h)gieni( pro(edures

Wear surgi(a/ g/o*es; go5n; %as+; gogg/es

se on/) steri/i<ed e:uip%ent

Proper disposa/ o' used need/es . sharp o,He(ts

ni*ersa/ pre(autions 9app/ied at a// ti%es



Can (hi/dren in'e(ted 5ith "I# sti//

attend s(hoo/$

!ES Shou/d attend s(hoo/ as/ong as hea/th a//o5s

No "I# trans%ission to other

(hi/dren thru (asua/ dai/) (onta(tI' (hi/d in'e(ted 5ith "I# ,egins to

sho5 AIDS s)%pto%s shou/d

stop attending ,J( heJshe %oresus(epti,/e to (ontra(ting otherai/%ents 'ro% hisJher 'riends



Step @ Pre*enting "I#JAIDS

'ro% spreading



Pre*ention is EST

The ,est 5a) to pre*ent "I# 'ro%

spreading is not to engage in high&ris+

,eha*iour ie; pre*ent in'e(ted ,/ood; se%en; *agina/

se(retions . ,reast%i/+ 'ro% entering the ,od)



"I#JAIDS

"o5 (an seua/ trans%ission o' "I# ,e

pre*ented$ & The ACs

A,stain 'ro% se

>e 'aith'u/ to one se partner; 5hose"I# status is +no5n to )ou . 5ho isa/so %onoga%ous

1onsistent/) . corre(t/)use condo%s



Pre*ention /ood

S(reen ,/ood 'or "I# ,e'ore trans'usions

se on/) steri/i<ed instru%ents 4s)ringes;

tattoo need/es; ra<orsC/eaning s)ringes

dra5 up ,/ea(hJ1G ethano/

so/ution into need/e; dis(harge

repeat

dra5 up disti//ate 5ater; dis(harge

repeat



Is there a *a((ine to pre*ent "I#$

No Resear(h is

ongoing; ,ut so 'ar

none

SOCIAL *a((ine

on/) 'or no5

%odi')ing ,eha*iors



uarantine 'or peop/e /i*ing 5ith "I#

NOT EFFECTI#EPu,/i( hea/th "I# does not spread thru (asua/

(onta(t no Husti'i(ation 'or :uarantine

"u%an rights

nethi(a/ *io/ation o' hu%an rights En(ourage peop/e 5ith ris+) ,eha*iors to go underground

&Q %ore di''i(u/t to rea(h

Operationa//) i%possi,/e to identi') a// "I#&positi*e

persons no s)%pto%s

5indo5 period anti,od) tests 5on-t sho5 5ho is re(ent/)

in'e(ted



Is tra(ing o' indi*idua/s ne(essar)$

Tra(ing not e''e(ti*e . unethi(a/

Not re:uired in RA02

etter approa(h to en(ourage partnerdis(/osure . "I# testing in'or%ation .

(ounse//ing



Step 2 Testing 'or "I#



Testing 'or donated ,/ood *s #CCT

Purpose o' testing is di''erent

Donated ,/ood testing ,/ood 'or sa'et)

4prote(ts re(ipient o' ,/oodJorgans

#CCT testing so that indi*idua/ (an +no5

their status . ta+e appropriate a(tion

4prote(ts . e%po5ers indi*idua/s



Where (an one get an "I# anti,od)

test$

DO" . %an) pri*ate institutions (ondu(t

tests

Testing %ust ,e'ol!ntar,

A((o%panied ,) co!nsellin$ ,e'ore . a'ter

1on.ientialit, 'u//) prote(ted

Re'erred to as 7#CCT8 or 7#CT8



What is pre&test (ounse//ing 'or$

In'or%ation . edu(ation a,out "I#JAIDS

Ris+ assess%ent re*ie5 ris+s (/ient has ,een

eposed to

Ep/ain "I# test . 5indo5 periodeha*iour (hange he/p (/ient

p/an (on(rete steps

to prote(t se/' . 'a%i/)"e/p (/ients prepare 'or

positi*e or negati*e resu/t



What is post&test (ounse//ing 'or$

Re%ind (/ient a,out 5indo5 period4i' the) need to (o%e re&test

?i*e resu/t

Pro*ide e%otiona/ supportRe'er (/ients to additiona/ ser*i(es 4eg;

PLW"A support groups; %edi(a/ . ps)(hoso(ia/J ps)(hiatri(

ser*i(es; so(ia/ ser*i(es; et(

"e/p (/ient %a+e p/ans 'or 'uture Negati*e &Q ho5 to sta) that 5a) 9 +e) entr)&

point 'or pre*ention



What a,out %andator) testing$

Right to *o/untar) testing prote(ted 4RA02

Mandator) testing pro*en to ,e ine''e(ti*ePro*ides on/) te%porar) pi(ture

Can-t a((ount 'or 5indo5 periodStig%ati<ingIndi*idua/s 5J ris+ ,eha*iors (ou/d go underground

#IOLATION OF "MAN RI?"TS

reporters %ust ,ring up issuei' it o((urs

Fosters (o%p/a(en()

#er) (ost/) (ost&ine''e(ti*e



Who %a) +no5 the resu/ts o' an "I#

test$

On/) to person tested . hisJher (ounse//or

Test resu/ts %a) not ,e /ea+ed to an)

other part) 5Jo epress in'or%ed (onsent

o' indi*idua/ "ea/th(are settings a/so

4eg; not share 5ith other

%edi(a/ sta'' 5Jo in'or%ed (onsentRight to (on'identia/it)

prote(ted in RA02



What are so%e e''e(ts o' stig%a .

dis(ri%ination$

Denia/ o' o5n ris+

Fear o' as+ing :uestions a,out"I#

Fear o' getting testedIso/ation; /o5 se/'&5orth; stress

Loss o' Ho,; edu(ation;

hea/th(are#io/ation o' pri*a() 4%edia

sensationa/is%



Step 0 nderstanding AIDS



"o5 /ong does it ta+e ,e'ore a

person sho5s s)%pto%s o' AIDS$

6G o' adu/ts in'e(ted 5ith "I# 5i//

de*e/op AIDS 5ithin B&0 )rsut range o' B&0 )rs=there-s a /ot o'

indi*idua/ *ariation

Re%inder

AIDS 9 on/) a'ter appearan(e o' (ertain

in'e(tions 4opportunisti( in'e(tions



What are opportunisti( in'e(tions$

In'e(tions that atta(+ person 5ith

deteriorating i%%une s)ste%

"ea/th) hu%an ,odies (an 'ight o'' these

in'e(tions 4e;cept .or > i%%uno&

suppressed peop/e (annot

"ea/th) persons (an ,e dangerous to an

"I#&positi*e person 5hose i%%une

s)ste% is deteriorating



Step 6 Treating AIDS



AIDS S)%pto%s

Fair/) genera/ initia/ s)%pto%s 4not "I#&spe(i'i(

W"OJ S Center 'or Disease Contro/

(/assi'i(ation o' AIDS s)%pto%s 'or

diagnosis (hroni( (ough /asting 'or Q %on

it(hing in se*era/ parts o' ,od)

repeated appearan(e o' herpes <oster

in'e(tion o' %outh . throat (aused ,) 'ungus; Candida a/,i(ans

(hroni(; spreading . 5orsening herpes si%p/e

persistent/) s5o//en /)%ph nodes a// o*er ,od)



Can "I# ,e (ured$

There is no (ure 'or "I#

pre*ention is ,est

Anti&retro*ira/ drugs 4AR#s

he/p +eep "I# under (ontro/

With a((ess to AR#s; good

nutrition; hea/th) /i'est)/e;

e%otiona/ . so(ia/ support; it ispossi,/e to /ead a hea/th);

produ(ti*e /i'e 5ith "I#



What are treat%ent options 'or a person /i*ing 5ith "I#JAIDS$

Li'est)/e . support

Li*ing hea/th) /i'est)/e

Eer(ising; eating 5e//

A*oid stress; situations that (ause depression;

e%otiona/ insta,i/it) Continue 5ith regu/ar a(ti*ities

Spiritua/ a(ti*ities

See+ing e%otiona/ support Support groups 'or PLW"A

Counse//ing



What are treat%ent options 'or a person /i*ing 5ith "I#JAIDS$

Drugs

Anti&retro*ira/ drug therap) Not a (ure "e/ps (ontro/ "I#

On(e started; it-s 'or /i'e I' interrupted;

(ou/d ,ui/d drug resistan(e

4ie; /ose drug e''e(ti*eness

Mu(h support needed 'or drug adheren(e stri(t

s(hedu/es . re:uire%ents; side e''e(ts

Proph)/a(ti(s & pre*enti*e %edi(ine 'or OIsIndi*idua/ treat%ent has to ,e 5or+ed out 5ith

o5n do(tor



Can traditiona/ %edi(ines (ure AIDS$

So 'ar; none ha*e ,een re(ogni<ed as a

spe(i'i( (ure 'or AIDS

Can ,e tried as a/ternati*e

ut shou/d NOT gi*e 'a/se hope to person

in'e(ted 5ith "I# as a (ure



What (an 'a%i/ies do$

Ta/+ a,out "I#JAIDS 5ithin (ontet o'

hea/th; gender . seua/it) in an age&

appropriate %anner

Pro%ote (o%passion . understanding

a,out "I#JAIDS . re/ated *u/nera,i/ities

Nurture responsi,/e

,eha*iour in (hi/dren

. parents



Wh) shou/d 5or+ers ,e (on(erned

a,out "I#JAIDS$&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

A// a*ai/a,/e 'igures a,out "I#JAIDS (ases sho5

that %ost o' those 5ho are positi*e are in their

%ost e(ono%i(a//) produ(ti*e age /i+e 5or+ersThis group there'ore needs %ost attention in

"I#JAIDS pre*ention 5or+ Wor+ers and

E%p/o)ers %ust ,e %ade a5are o' this so that

the) (an prote(t the%se/*es and others through(orre(t in'or%ation a,out the (ontro/ and spread

o' the *irus



What (an pri*ate se(torJ,usiness

do$Raise a5areness a%ong its 5or+ers a,out

"I#JAIDS and STIs

(o%e up 5ith a (o%prehensi*e po/i()

"I#JAIDS to in(/ude pro*ision 'or

4dis(ri%ination; hea/th (o*erage; e%p/o)%entnon&ter%ination and

others

Regard the response to"I#JAIDS in 5or+p/a(e as

part o' good %anage%ent

pra(ti(es



What does RA 02 re:uire at the

5or+p/a(e$&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

It re:uires that a// o''i(es; ,oth go*ern%ent

and pri*ate; institute "I#JAIDS a5areness

and pre*ention progra%s

nder the /a5; the DOLE and DO" are to

o*ersee the anti&"I#JAIDS (a%paign in a//

(o%panies in the pri*ate se(tor The Ci*i/Ser*i(e Co%%ission is responsi,/e 'or a//

go*ern%ent o''i(es and agen(ies



What a,out dis(ri%ination and

restri(tions at the Wor+p/a(e$&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

Dis(ri%ination is prohi,ited in an) 'or% 'ro%pre&e%p/o)%ent to post&e%p/o)%ent

This in(/udes hiring; pro%otion orassign%ent ,ased on a(tua/; per(ei*ed orsuspe(ted "I# status in a person

It is un/a5'u/ 'or an e%p/o)er to ter%inatean)one 'ro% 5or+ so/e/) on the ,asis o'a(tua/; per(ei*ed or suspe(ted "I# status o'an indi*idua/ 4Arti(/e #II Se(tion @0



What are the pena/ties 'or

dis(ri%inating against person 5ith"I#JAIDS$&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

It is punisha,/e ,) i%prison%ent o' 6%onths up to 2 )ears 5ith a 'ine o' not

%ore than ; pesos Additiona//); the

operating /i(ense o' the o''ending agen()%a),e re*o+ed

4Arti(/e #II Se(tion 2B



What (an tea(hers and hea/th(are

5or+ers do$

Ta/+ a,out "I#JAIDS; se; seua/it) . gender

5ith students; )oung peop/e

Pro*ide a((urate in'or%ation in understanda,/e;

)outh&'riend/) /anguage . %anner Ensure (on'identia/it)

Re'er )oung peop/e to appropriate ser*i(es

"ea/th(are 5or+ers pro*ide)outh&'riend/) ser*i(es



What (an re/igious /eaders do$

Ta/+ a,out se; seua/it) . gender5ith )oung peop/e

In(/uding dis(ussion o' "I#JAIDS in (oup/e

(ounse/ing 4eg; 7dis(ordant (oup/e8; 5here one

spouse is "I#&positi*e&&ho5 do the) de(idea,out se$

Raise a5areness regarding "I#JAIDS

Pro%ote (o%passion . understanding; non&to/eran(e o' dis(ri%ination 'or PLW"A

Care . e%otiona/ support 'or those a''e(ted ,)

"I#JAIDS



?uide/ines 'or the I%p/e%entation

o' "I# and AIDS Pre*ention and

Contro/ in the Wor+p/a(e Progra%

DOLE

Depart%ent Order B&



DO B&

Is in a((ordan(e and response in

i%p/e%enting the pro*isions o' Repu,/i(

A(t 02 other 5ise +no5n as

T"E P"ILIPPINE AIDS PRE#ENTION

AND CONTROL ACT OF

hi hli h h i f



ILO highlights the importance ofhaving a policy on HIV/AIDS

o Makes an explicit commitment tocorporate action;

o ns!res consistency "ith appropriate

national la"s#o Lays $o"n a stan$ar$ of %ehavior for all

employees

o gives g!i$ance to s!pervisors an$

managers

ILO hi hli h h i f



ILO highlights the importance ofhaving a policy on HIV/AIDS

o helps employees living "ith HIV/AIDS to!n$erstan$ "hat s!pport an$ care they"ill receive# so they are more likely to gofor V&'

o help to stop the sprea$ of the vir!sthro!gh prevention

o assist an enterprise to plan for HIV/AIDS

an$ manage its impact



(olicies that $o not )

o %lame

o $iscrimination an$ stigmati*ation

o comp!lsory testingo isolating people living "ith HIV/AIDS

o marginali*ing a+ecte$ pop!lation



I5AGS

S?UA77@ RANS5ID

IN1IN

Candidiasis



Ca d d as s

'!l#a 'a$ina

Tri(ho%onas



Tri(ho%onas

?onorrhea



?onorrhea

? it / W t



?enita/ Wart



Pu,i( Li(e

S hi/i



S)phi/is



?enita/

"erpes



AIDSaposiBs sarcoma

oral caniiasis



REMEMBER:

Awareness and Education

are the best ways to protect

yourself. For your safety, don’t

hesitate to ask people who

know more about the virus and

its infectious state.



DaghangSalamat,

understand hiv and aids in workplace

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