Tsunami 2004Tsunami 2004

The 2004 Indian Ocean The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an earthquake was an undersea earthquake that undersea earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on December 26, 2004, on December 26, 2004, with an epicentre off the with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The earthquake Indonesia. The earthquake was caused by subduction was caused by subduction and triggered a series of and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean. Indian Ocean.

It killed more than It killed more than 225,000 people in 225,000 people in eleven countries, and eleven countries, and inundating coastal inundating coastal communities with waves communities with waves up to 30 meters high. It up to 30 meters high. It was one of the deadliest was one of the deadliest natural disasters in natural disasters in history. Indonesia, Sri history. Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Lanka, India, and Thailand were hardest Thailand were hardest hit. hit.

With a magnitude of With a magnitude of between 9.1 and 9.3, between 9.1 and 9.3, it is the second largest it is the second largest earthquake ever earthquake ever recorded on a recorded on a seismograph. This seismograph. This earthquake had the earthquake had the longest duration of longest duration of faulting ever faulting ever observed, between 8.3 observed, between 8.3 and 10 minutes.and 10 minutes.

Since 1900 the only Since 1900 the only earthquakes recorded earthquakes recorded with a greater with a greater magnitude were the magnitude were the 1960 Great Chilean 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake Earthquake (magnitude 9.5) and (magnitude 9.5) and the 1964 Good Friday the 1964 Good Friday Earthquake in Prince Earthquake in Prince William Sound (9.2).William Sound (9.2).

It caused the entire It caused the entire planet to vibrate as planet to vibrate as much as 1 cm and much as 1 cm and triggered other triggered other earthquakes as far away earthquakes as far away as Alaska. The disaster as Alaska. The disaster is known by the is known by the scientific community as scientific community as the Great Sumatra-the Great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake Andaman earthquake and is also known as the and is also known as the Asian Tsunami and the Asian Tsunami and the Boxing Day Tsunami. Boxing Day Tsunami.

The plight of the The plight of the many affected many affected people and countries people and countries prompted a prompted a widespread widespread humanitarian humanitarian response. In all, the response. In all, the worldwide worldwide community donated community donated more than $7 billion more than $7 billion in humanitarian aid.in humanitarian aid.

2004 Indian Ocean earthquake2004 Indian Ocean earthquake Tsunami strikes Ao Nang, Thailand.Tsunami strikes Ao Nang, Thailand.

Date: Date: December 26, 2004December 26, 2004MagnitudeMagnitude9.39.3

Depth:Depth:30 km30 km

Type: Type: undersea (subduction) earthquakeundersea (subduction) earthquake

Countries/regions affected:Countries/regions affected: Indonesia Indonesia (mainly in Aceh), Sri Lanka,(mainly in Aceh), Sri Lanka,

India (mostly in Tamil Nadu), Thailand. India (mostly in Tamil Nadu), Thailand.

Tsunami: Tsunami: YesYes

CasualtiesCasualties: : 229,866 / 2nd deadliest earthquake 229,866 / 2nd deadliest earthquake of all timeof all time

Amplitude of the waveAmplitude of the wave

Waves up to 30 meters and 100 feet Waves up to 30 meters and 100 feet high!!!high!!!

How the shape of beaches How the shape of beaches affected the amplitude of the affected the amplitude of the

wave.wave. Depending on the depth of the Depending on the depth of the

water, the beach had, decided water, the beach had, decided how much destruction it will how much destruction it will make.make.

Whether Scientists detected Whether Scientists detected the earthquake in time to warn the earthquake in time to warn

people about it.people about it.

• WARN THE PEOPLE WARN THE PEOPLE IMMEDIATELY!!!IMMEDIATELY!!!

Why most people did not get a Why most people did not get a warning?warning?

• Scientists didn’t warn people to go away Scientists didn’t warn people to go away because maybe they were not sure about because maybe they were not sure about the earthquake and then the people the earthquake and then the people discuss badly their names and it could discuss badly their names and it could cause to them, an unemployment.cause to them, an unemployment.

• The countries would have lack of tourism.The countries would have lack of tourism.

• Because of other countries’ benefits.Because of other countries’ benefits.

What can be done to reduce the loss of What can be done to reduce the loss of life and damage if another tsunami life and damage if another tsunami

occurs in the same area?occurs in the same area? • Inform to all people the fact. Inform to all people the fact.

• Go somewhere safer. Go somewhere safer.

• Go to a high place to protect yourself from Go to a high place to protect yourself from the flooding. the flooding.

• Example: on the roof of your house, or to a Example: on the roof of your house, or to a high mountain.high mountain.

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Antonis PoullouAntonis Poullou