Try Walking CamberwellPrincipal Pedestrian Network Demonstration Project

Hywel Rowlands

Google

Camberwell Junction Activity Area

Aims

• Increase the number of walk trips

• Reduce private car use

Objectives

• Apply and assess the Principal Pedestrian Network methodology

• Deliver infrastructure and behaviour change

PPN Modelling

The GIS model simply

aggregates the most direct

catchment paths

Paths are weighted by their

respective population catchment

Count Surveys

• 15,000 pedestrian recorded through a cordon around Camberwell Junction precinct (12 hour pedestrian counts – 20 locations)

Camberwell Station

Camberwell Junction

2

3

2

4

4

3

1

1

1

1

5

11

6

6

9

18

1

2

1

3

2

Weekday Weekend

Factor = modelled population/pedestrian counts

1

Half of all respondents travelled by car,

20% identified that walking was an option

Walking could accommodate

>30% mode share,

Questionnaire Surveys

Pedestrians visit the most

often and spent the most

money annually

(Questionnaire Surveys 2011)

Research

• Complete gaps - paths/crossings etc• Remove risky locations and reduce speed• Direct paths that are convenient to walk• Trees and green space• Amenity and information• Car share (reducing car ownership)• Behaviour change initiatives

Cookson Street corridor

Camberwell Road corridor

Cookson Street Corridor

Connects to• Trains• Trams• Shops• Employment• Schools• Parks

Cookson Street near Camberwell Station

Before After

Cookson Street

Before After

Cookson Street Corner adjacent Read Gardens

Before After

East Camberwell Station

Before After

Further resolution required

• No ped crashes• 2000 vph• Vehicle every 2

seconds• 60 km/h road• 1/3 pedestrians

run to crossTowards Camberwell Station

Towards East Camberwell Station

Camberwell Road corridor

Connects to• Trains• Trams• Library• Shops• Employment• Schools• Parks• Council Offices

Before

After After

Google

16 raised crossings in Boroondara reviewed

11 crashes involved pedestrians 5 years prior

2 crashes involved pedestrians 5 years post

Anecdotal evidence on behaviour

Raised side road treatments

Trees encourage physical activity(Wolf, 2010)(Naderi et al, 2006)(Larsen et al, 2009)(Ellaway et al, 2005)

Trees can reduce speed/crashes(Naderi, J.R. 2003) (Mok, J.-H., H. C. Landphair, and J. R. Naderi. 2006) (Lee, J., and F. Mannering. 1999)

(Dumbaugh, E. 2005) (Chinn L and Elliott M. 2002) (Naderi, J.R., B.S. Kweon, and P. Meghalel. 2008)

Trees, when located on both sides of the street, create a sense of enclosure that discourages drivers from speeding U.S. Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration.

The lack of seating is a barrier (Stahla et al, 2013)

Seat every 200-300 metres implemented

Wayfinding

Car share

Since joining the car share scheme in Boroondara:

23% walk more

Behaviour change

• Enjoyment and fun• Autonomy• Reciprocity• Commitment• Prompts• Incentives• Social norming• Habits

Behavioural Elements

Fun and freedom

Social normingIncentives

Habits

• Driver Frustrations• Normalise walking• Loss aversion• Avoid being anti-car• Social activities• Fun and enjoyment• Short distances• Small changes• Local business

Design Principles

Pilot round

Generating buzz

Loss aversion prize draw

• $750 first prize – 17-20 walks per week• $200 second prize – 14-16 walks per week• $50 third prize – 10-13 walks per week

Local business incentives

• Featured businesses for one week each• Discount or other reward for visiting• Business gets free marketing and potential customers

directed there

Loss aversion

incentives

• 154 unique visitors to website

• 55 people regularly receive emails

• 16 participants using the app

Pilot participation

Motivating the Pilot group proved difficult

• Bupa partnership – prizes, Bupa Ground Miles

• Increased focus on health benefits of walking

• Lottery with regret

Second round

• Gamification elements• Badges• Awards• Leaderboard

• Shows daily progress

• Easy to use, no need to log specific walks

Bupa Ground Miles

After twelve weeks:

• 500+ unique visitors to website

• 135 people regularly received emails

• 52 people using the app

2nd round participation

Significant increase in participation

Evaluation• Pedestrian counts

• Mobile application use Try Walking participants

• Interview surveys

• Email questionnaire Try Walking participants

• Comments and feedback

• 20% increase in weekday walking along the Cookson Street Corridor (40% on a Saturday)

• 100% increase in walking along the Camberwell Road Corridor (200% on a Saturday)

Pedestrian counts – May 2014

• Pilot - Cookson St Corridor

Reverted to base count level

• Second round – Camberwell Road Corridor 65% weekday 217% Saturday

To be continued …….. May 2015 counts

Longer term counts – Nov 2015

• 17% indicated they knew about Try Walking• A third indicated they walked more • A third indicated left the car at home more

Interview questionnaire – Nov 2015

Pilot - Cookson St Corridor

750 kilometres

2nd - Camberwell Rd Corridor

10,000 kilometres

Mobile phone app

• 88% of these participants indicated that they walk more often

• 64% indicated that they drove less

Email questionnaire (Try Walking participants)

• Almost everyone is supportive of walking• We underestimate the scale of walking• We underestimate the value of walking• Modelling and surveys help to focus improvement• We learnt a lot about behaviour change• Significant increase in walking in the short term• Clear stated change in behaviour from the

community

Summary

“I love listening toaudio books while

I walk…To me Boroondara

has a hundred goodbooks reflected in

itsparks and leafy

streets”- Tish