Tri Dewi VirgiyantiDeputy Director For Environmental Pollution And Degradation Control

Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS)

Climate Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction

Workshop on Community-based Disaster Risk Management in Response to Climate ChangeHo Chi Minh, 18-19 September 2015

Outline

HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTER IN INDONESIA

ROLE OF NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION (RAN API) IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

CONVERGENCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

CLOSING REMARKS

LESSON-LEARNED ON DISASTER RELIEF AND DRR STRATEGY

HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTER IN INDONESIA

Geographic and Socio-economic Characteristics of Indonesia Place the Country in A Vulnerable Position to Climate Change Impact

Residential development pattern often move towards climate disaster-prone area

Climate change context has not been integrated optimally into development plan

(Eg: spatial planning still disregarding climate change impact in an area)

High population number that concentrated in urban area

Poverty level and local culture highly affecting the community’s adaptive capacity

Archipelagic country with mountainous profile and long coastline

Monsoon that affecting annual rainfall trend Located in equatorial line and has a tropical

climate

Climate change is predicted as will cause a 6.7% drop of GDP in 4 South East Asia countries in 2100 (ADB, 2013)

In 2025, around 31% of global income will be based in countries facing high or extreme risks from climate change impact; where Indonesia is amongst the high risk countries (Maplecroft, 2013).

Losses from Jakarta flooding in 2002 and 2007 reaches 1,5 trillion and 2 trillion IDR consecutively (Bappenas, 2007)

Between 1981-1990, rice production experience annual losses of around 100000 tonnes/regency. It is predicted by 2050, there will be a dry rice deficit that reaches 60 million tonnes (Boer, 2003)

Climate-related Disaster and Development

In the past decade, Majority of disaster event in Indonesia is hydrometeorological disaster

Translating Vulnerability and Risk into Actions

7 cities and regencies in Indonesia categorised as the Top 10 highly vulnerable area to climate change; where Jakarta comes out as the top most vulnerable region (SIDA, 2009)

Drives the need to develop

Number of Hydro-meteorogical disaster in RAN API pilot site

BALI

WEST JA

VA

EAST JAVA

WEST N

USA TENGGARA

SOUTH SUMATERA

NORTH SUMATERA0

100200300400500600700800

DROUGHT FLOOD FOREST AND LAND FIRE LANDSLIDE TORNADO EXTREME WAVE AND ABRASION

Source: DIBI, 1984-2014

CONVERGENCES CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION (CCA) AND DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION (DRR)

Convergence CCA – DRR(Adopted Mitchell and Van Aalst, 2008)

Climate Change

Adaptation(Long term actions plan

to respond of climate change impact)

Disaster Risk

Reduction(Risk Management

based on Risk Assessment and Historical Data)

Risk Management related to hydro-meteorological disaster to response of climate projection

i.e. flood, drought, landslide, extreme wave and abrasion and extreme event

Management of CCA and DRR in Indonesia

Management

Regulation

Institutional

Planning

CCA

UU 32/2009

BAPPENAS, KLHK, BPBD

National Action Plan of Climate

Change Adaptation (RAN API)

DRR

UU 24/2007

BNPB, BPBD

National Action Plan on Disaster

(RENAS PB)

Overview of Implementation CCA – DRR in Indonesia

Supporting Implementation

Actor/Forum

Research Methodology

System of Data and Information

CCA

Task Force of Adapation

Various Method on Climate Risk and

Adaptation Assessment

Monev of RAN API and SIDIK

DRR

National Platform on Disaster Risk

Reduction

PERKA 02/2012 of General Guideline

for Risk Assessment

DIBI and Disaster Risk Index

ROLE OF NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION (RAN-API) IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING SYSTEM

RKP 2010 RKP 2011ACCELERATION OF JUST ECONOMIC

GROWTH SUPPORTED BY

STRENGTHENING GOVERNANCE AND

LOCAL-CENTRAL SYNERGY

RKP 2012 RKP 2013 RKP 2014

RPJMN 2010-20141 Bureaucracy and Governance Reform

2 Education3 Health 4 Poverty Eradication5

6 Infrastructure7 Investment Climate 8 Energy

9 Environment and Disaster Management10

Disadvantaged, Forefront, Outer and Post-conflict Regions11

Culture, Creativity an Technological Innovation12

13

14

Food Security

RECOVERY OF NATIONAL ECONOMIC

AND SUSTAINING PEOPLE WELFARE

“EXPANSION AND ACCELERATION OF

JUST AND INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC

GROWTH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PEOPLE WELFARE”

STRENGTHENING DOMESTIC

ECONOMY FOR THE

IMPROVEMENT AND EXPANSION

OF PEOPLE WELFARE

STRENGTHENING OF NATIONAL ECONOMY TO IMPROVE JUST

PEOPLE WELFARE

Politics, Law and Security

Economic

People Welfare

1. Sustainable Development Mainstreaming

2. Cross-sectoral Program: Climate Change

1. PERPRES 61/2011 RAN GRK

2. PERPRES 71/2011 GHG INVENTORY

3. Adaptation Strategy

Initial Development

of RAN-API

Consultation and socialization of

RAN-API

RAN API Launching and Pilot Location

How Indonesia Move Towards National Action Plan for Climate Change

Adaptation (RAN-API)

General Framework of RAN-API

CLIMATE CHANGE-ADAPTIVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMIC RESILIENCELIVING SYSTEM

RESILIENCE

ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE

SUPPORTING SYSTEM

SPECIFIC REGION RESILIENCE

Knowledge Management, Planning and Finance/Budgeting, Capacity Development, Monitoring and Evaluation

MAIN GOAL

Target

Sector and Sub-sector of RAN API

Sector Sub Sector

Economic Resilience •Food Security•Energy Independence

Living System Resilience • Health• Housing•Infrastructure

Ecosystem Resilience •Ecosystem and Biodiversity

Specific Region Resilience •Urban•Coastal and Small Islands

Supporting System •Data and Information•Capacity Building•Research and Development

Inclusion to

National Development

Plan Document (Non-Spatial)

Future of CCA and RAN API in relation to National Development Planning System

Included in the Technocratic

Draft of RPJMN 2015-2019 as part of Cross-

sectoral Program

Progress to date

Responsibilities BNPB in RAN-API (example…)

Activities Indicator Programs/Activities in RKP

SECTOR LIVING SYSTEM RESILIENCE

Sub-Sector Housing

Cluster 3. Community Empowerment

Increased participation and community capacity in disaster risk reduction as a result of climate change in vulnerable residential area, etc.

• Community involvement in the planning process of adaptation to climate change

• The increasing commitment to disaster management actors due to climate change

• Disaster Management Program/Community Empowerment

• Technical Management and Implementation Support of other Technical Task of BNPB

Activities Indikator Programs/Activities in RKP

SECTOR LIVING SYSTEM RESILIENCE

Sub-Sector Infrastructure

Cluster 6. Increased infrastructure support system adaptation to climate change

Development of information systems that are reliable response to climate change and cross-cutting issues

• Collected and drafting documents containing data and information for disaster risk due to climate change

• The achievement of information about climate change to the public and local institutions

• Disaster Relief Program / Application Development Information and Communication Technology for Risk Reduction and Mitigation of Natural Disasters

SECTOR ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE

Cluster 6. Development of Information and Communication System

Stabilization, maintenance and updating of information and communication systems for monitoring the quality of the ecosystem

The application of information and communication systems for early warning to control the quality of environmental services (eg, forest cover), floods and landslides, forest fires, extreme waves and extreme weather that is easily accessible to the public

• Program Disaster Management / Disaster Preparedness

Role of BNPB in Cross-Sectoral Policy of Climate Change

NO Priority Activities INDICATORWAY FORWARD

2015 2016 2017 2018 UNIT1 Disaster preparedness Number of preparedness activities 2 3 4   Reports

Number of contingency plans 14 15 16   Documents

Number of extension materials preparedness

3 4 5   Reports

Number of preparedness guidelines for early warning systems

1 2 2   Guidelines

2 Application development information and communication technology for risk reduction and mitigation of natural disasters

The number of activities on disaster communication forum

5 5 5   Activities

Number of technical guidance data and disaster information

3 3 3   Activities

The number of documents disaster baseline data Indonesia

1 1 1   Document

3 Prevention and disaster risk reduction

Number facilitation of disaster risk reduction

50 55 60   Locations

Number of socialization of disaster risk reduction

12 12 12   Activities

Number of guidelines for disaster risk reduction

3 3 3   Document

4 Strategic thematic maps to support national priorities

Map Sheet Number Amount (NLP) Thematic priorities related to national development

56 56 56 56 NLP

Lesson-learned on disaster relief and DRR strategy: Aceh - Nias

GOI POLICIES AND STRATEGIES FOR DRR

20

1. Encourage and cultivate a culture of disaster awareness

2. Socialization and dissemination of DRR to the communities

3. Provision and dissemination of disaster information to the public

4. Conducting disaster training regularly and continuously

5. Strengthening partnership with various stakeholders

6. Improving the quality of life of peoples at disaster affected areas

7. Environmental management in disaster prone areas

8. Fostering local knowledge in disaster mitigation

1.Integrated DRR into national and local development plan

2.Disaster risk assessment and monitoring

3.Incorporated risk assessment and risk map into local development plan and spatial plan;

4.Harmonization of policies and regulations in the disaster management

5.Preparation of contingency plans at the district/city level

1. Strengthening institutional capacity and apparatus

2. Provision of disaster early warning system

3. Development and utilization of science and technology and education for DRR

4. simulation and disaster preparedness drills

5. Provision of infrastructure for disaster mitigation and preparedness

6. Increase the capacity for logistics management and distribution

Reducing disaster risk index in the growth center which high risk to disaster.

Internalization of DRR within sustainable development

framework at national and local level

Reducing the vulnerability to disaster

Strengthening the capacity of central government, local

government and communities

Strategy

Goal

1. Reducing economic losses2. Strengthening the capacity of central government, local government and

communities to deal with disasterPolicy

21

Presidential Regulation on the establishment of National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB)

Ministry of Home Affairs Decree on the establishment of Local Disaster Management Agency (BPBD)

Law No. 24 / 2007 on DM

Changing paradigm in DM: Responsive Preventive Sectoral Multi-sectoral Government initiative Shared-responsibility Centralized Decentralized Mitigation Disaster risk reduction

National and Local Plan for DM National and Local Action Plan for DRR Funding Arrangement for DM:

National Budget, Local Budget, Private sectors and/or community, International Donors and NGOs

Gov. Reg on DRR Arrangement

Gov. Reg on DRR Financing

Gov. Reg on DRR External Supports

468 Local Disaster Management Agencies established until August 2015

National Policy for Disaster Risk Reduction

Lesson-learned from Post-Disaster Recovery in Aceh-Nias

22

1. In 2004, a massive tsunami devastated 800 kilometers of coastline in the Indonesian province of Aceh. More than 170,000 people went missing or dead and more than hundreds of thousands of homes, buildings, roads and bridges were destroyed. Another great earthquake hit the islands of Nias on March 2005. Consequently, the local government function was collapsed by this massive impact of tsunami.

2. The central government set up BRR (Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Board) to convey the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction. During the rehabilitation and reconstruction phase in 2005-2009, approximately 120,000 permanent houses were built using financial scheme mixed-approach (Contractual or CDD).

3. APBN projects implemented through BRR, with the participation of the local government.

4. Donor has given a significant contribution to the rehabilitation and reconstruction process, including to the livelihood and people’s recovery. Its work is being coordinated and monitored by BRR.

5. In 5 years, there are more than 900 health facilities, 1,135 schools, 3,000 km roads, 3,200 religion facilities completed build and more than 130,000 SMEs has been supported.

6. To continuously support the DRR in Aceh-Nias, GoI support internalization of DRR within sustainable development framework at national and local level, reducing the vulnerability of the local community to disaster, as well as strengthening the capacity of the central government, local government and Aceh-Nias communities.

CLOSING REMARKS

Concept of Climate Inclusive DRR in Indonesia

Climate Inclusive DRR

Protection of existing and future investment due to climate changePrevention of new risk disasterCommunity-based resilience

DRR System

• Prevention

• Mitigation

• Preparedness

CCA Process

• CCA Policy• Adaptation Strategies• Program and Activities of CCA

Source: BNPB at RAN API pilot site meeting, February 2015

Thank You