topic specisadfasdfasdffic ks

7/24/2019 Topic Specisadfasdfasdffic Ks

1/17

Topic Specific Ks CalumMathesson

Importance

o Topic specific ks more important than in a while

Surveillance is a central topic

Lot of justification for philosophy is about surveillance not just applies

The disadvantages are great you will want kritiks

o A general understanding is necessary to interpret your opponents arguments


2/17

Surveillance in Literature History

o Plato says the basic idea we understand reality can be in visual terms

Allegory of the cave no real world out of the cave can see shadow

ur e!perience is a product of the seeing shadows cast by the real world Shadows on the wall and light

"isual #eality was important

"ision is the most important

Ambiguity: They can see shao!s" but they#re only

shao!s

Sight isnt enough understanding doesnt happen

o $dea of Sight %estern Philosophy


3/17

$oucault &oucault said how power operates in society talked about prison called

Panoptica

'eremy (enthem whats good is the greatest good for the most

people %tilitarianism

&anoptican A tower with a ring the prisoners couldnt seepeople that saw them) but they couldnt see the people that wereseeing them

o Prisoners started regulating their behavior based on

paranoia or personal thought $mportant for surveillance $ts a metaphor of how society uses

surveillance to watch and control their population People internali*e surveillance and it becomes our identity +++ we change

who we are based on who is looking at us $ts not just the government that does surveillance it used to be that

states had the most power in a repressive violent way

,amurabi rules -eye for an eye) tooth for a tooth. /!ercise of power was a repressive violent thing

&oucault The Panoptic society became less and less important state

could make order by making people regulate themselves

/ventually you would conform with the behavior you have

The same way people conform with law because they are afraid of

being watched) they conform with social norms

-Sovereign power. -0isciplinary Power.

Sovereign The e!ercise of repressive violence

0isciplinary they comply with social norms and governmental

laws because they are scared they are being watched

rder is about a society as a whole +++ not just people themselves rder operates on the scale of population not on the individual1 State

power becomes the power to regulate the health of a whole population the idea of law1

The reason law is maintained to have a healthy society and eliminate

the bad parts 'ho are the ba parts(

Power can work in an insidious ways and races can be defined as

threats 2hange of power is bipower the po!er to ma)e live in a particular

!ay (ranch of Academic Studies surveillance studies


4/17

Surveillance Stuies ,as a lot of different influences

3ajority of the influence is by &oucault and 0avid Leon

$nteresting way that surveillance is used to enforce rules and norms

$nfluence by &oucault and sociologists is a way to understand how everything workstogether

#esearch

o Surveillance studies people are a good place to start

o -Surveillance and Society. someone that writes here) probably has written

elsewhere on this topico 0avid Leon

%ay to think about the topic

o A conflict between privacy and security

Liberty or &reedom instead of Privacy

o The 4SA is to fight terrorism by collecting metadata) but it infringes on innocent

American citi*enso It#s the violation of liberty o) in e*change for the associate security(

%hether surveillance overall as a philosophical concept is worth the cost

of the violence of liberty and whether it protects people at all


5/17

Heieggero ld crusty 5erman dude

o The 6uestion of being

o Thought that the 5reeks were fundamentally concerned of who we are) what the

world is

o %e see shadows) but who casts those shadowso &ocus on being has been eclipsed over time by focus on metaphysics

o ntology is being and thinking about being +++ 3etaphysics is what is beyond the

physical7

Theology

+thics

o The metaphysical thinking pushed out the 6uestion of who we are and what our

being iso $mportant for surveillance b8c he thought that in surveying ourselves we reduced

the world into visual units that we could think of in an abstracted manner1o 'e live in a !orl !here technology can rener images of the !orl ,

earth pictures

'e unerstan the !orl through technology appears as an

ob-ect renere into pieces that on#t have a beingo 'e starte to mista)e the shao!s as the !orl

o The shadows as e!posable and tradable units lets us do all kinds of bad things

o 2ountry attacking another + -A unit on a map attacking another unit on the map.

o 0oestersian the enormous

,uge unperceived world that e!ists behind photos

Technology can give us sense of this world theres a whole reality we

havent capturedo The idea was in infancy the tech for us now is much more powerful the age of

the world picture has come to beo Age of the world picture defines the surveillance state

%e dont just understand the world in abstracted terms+our technology

has combined with academic specialties

The world is a set of targets

2ombined with military power) our global vision) and imperial

goals) we have turned the world into a targeto Kno!lege of the !orl is instant tech meiate

)no!lege !e on#t really )no! places the

%nite States !ants to estroyo 0ifference between domestic and foreign surveillance is

creating an arbitrary split to make a distinction between

-us. and -them. the logic of targeting transcends intoborders


6/17

.eoliberalismo Add on to &oucault where society is organi*ed

o Society is organi/e accoring to class lines

o There is antagonism between workers and bosses) richer and poorer) + they define

history overtime

o .eoliberalism is capitalism !ith bio po!ero The way that corporations can be defined a people

o $ts on us to live our lives in a way that fits into neoliberalism

o Society isnt for individuals) individuals are for society

o $nstead of entitlement) you receive the opportunity to receive something

o 4eoliberalism is maintained by constant surveillance good workers are

achieved by surveillanceo Photographing

3aking workers work like mechanical systems) rather than normal

human movements that isnt as efficient as the mechanical systems

Tailorism changing people into machines

/fficiency is beyond injust neoliberalism

The world is mostly neoliberal


7/17

0ebate 99:ritiks of surveillance

o About how the world constructs surveillance and people

o The common theme is that there is some logic or orde than produces surveillance

the way it is right now $t is the symptom of an underlying problem

: the focus of surveillance on itself we arent really changing the

underlying problems1 3aking them effective instant People would be more willing to accept more surveillance if we get rid of a

little bit /llul specific tech shouldnt be the focus of intervention as much as the

reason they are there

Too much about evaluating individual technologies rather than

calculating control in our society

Think about the techni6ue in developing technologies the idea of

orderly) mechanical production

The Technological Society Predicted things like the decline of

the welfare stateo $ndividuals would have to take care of them selves

o 3ilitary operations will become more efficient

o 5etting rid of some technology) it would make it more

efficiento 2urtaling might be rationali*ing ;;;

Langdon %innder The whale and the reactor about the way tech is

designed

Payin attention to tech and why its bad doesnt matter

0oesnt matter how tech is used

The society where build technology is the actual bad

$f we dont like one thing then we treat technology neutrally

: one tech doesnt work you have to k all technology

(iometeics using tech to identify your body

#etinal Scan if you fail) then they search you e!tensively

$f a tech fails the government takes more interest in you

The tech works easier on white people than non+whites with darker eyes

Tech has racial ine6uity in its design there isnt a conspiracy) but

the designers were white who tested ito Science is !hite

o Institutional racism

%e take account of societal problems first 5etting rid of biometric scanners wont help at all1 Taking out all

technology is what we have to do1


8/17

&sychoanalysiso The 5a*e is an important concept whereas others are rather concentrated in

social organi*ation and order 'ust as interested in material conditions but they are a part of society

o Sigmund &reud ne of the first people to say that the human subject isnt one

psychological being but overlapping layero Psychology as a product of big social orders and civili*ation

o $ndividuals dont actually matter to study psychology

o &resent ay is egopsychology study other people under the assumption

that were understand psychology ourselves Those are the product of bigger social forces

$nstead of psychology)!e shoul unerstan psychoanalysis its

all about social forceso The unconscious is the set of social forces that determine who you are and how

you think with you unaware of themo The way you understand yourself is the product of internali*ing societal values

o

In psychoanalysis the very beginning of human being has to o !ithvisiono 'ava :han argued to understand language) you have to understand how

%hen a baby is born) its just a little thin with desires

0oesnt understand a separation between it and its mother

(abies are bastards

A babys identity is the product of sight +++ they dont have an identity

$f the baby sees the image of its self) it will identify the image) and think of

itself as that image %e dont have an identity until we see ourselves) and from then on we

differentiate between us and the rest of the world ther people dont actually understand the you

There is no you e!cept for the you that interacts in society

Pleasure in looking at stuff with the identity

o 'ean Paul Sartre (eing in 4othingness

The self is defined by looking) bit with one important difference) he talks

about looking through a keyhole

%atching people he doesnt that dont know he is watching them

The view is the only being the only self

The self dissolves when we look at otherso


9/17

/!ismus is saying you dont want something when you actually want

something -0ont look at me=. >>Look at me and see how awesome $ am>>

o 0ebate +


10/17

Legal Kriti)s 1osh Clar)


11/17

2overnment Power7 The ability to make others do what you want

Authority7 The source of power

Legitimacy7 %hether or not that authority is generally accepted

People rebel Power and legitimacy makes a government legitimate

Theories of Legitimacies

o 3akes me right

o -2ome at me bro.

o 0ivine right authority from god

o $nheritance

o Social contract

,obbes Theory of Social 2ontract

o Life is solitary) poor) nasty) brutish) and short

o To preserve themselves) people enter into a bargain) or contract) with the

governmento They give up all rights) and government promises to protect them

Lockes Theory

o /veryone has a natural right to life) liberty) and property

o These rights cannotbe given up

o 2iti*ens enter into a social contract with government1 As long as government is

protecting life) liberty) and property) it is legitimate and must be obeyedo 0eriving their just power from the consent of the governed

%hat is the law? + The system of rules that a particular country or community recogni*es

as regulating the actions of its members and may enforce by the imposition of penalties

%hen we critici*e the law) we critici*e its legitimacy there are aspects of gov policy that

are being enacted) that violate our social contract

%e want to accept a lock of consent of the governed

Legal system The full interconnected system of the judicial) regulatory and

governmental authorities who together administer and enforce the laws of the @nited

States) operate the judicial system1 And resolve

%hat is lawfare? Shipping of law and warfare

Tries to legali*e different forms of violating the social contract

The basis for a lot of the ks is the add is going to go into the direction as some of the

literature) saying what the government is doing bad what ks focus on are the smallchanges in governmental agency

o 5overnment is doing things it shouldnt e!ist in the first place

o 2odifying it makes it seem legit

o Lawfare where they shouldnt be used but they are part of the legal culture

Legalism e!cessive adherence to law or formula

laws should be contingent and based on situational responses

5overnmentality idea of &oucault when it comes to power &oucault says the knowledge

and power are synonymous when one increases so does the other

5overnments try to produce the citi*en best fitted to those policies

$f they know everything about you they have the ability to control you


12/17

2ritical legal studies is a theory that challenges and overturns accepted norms and

standards in legal theory and practice1 Proponents of this theory believe that logic and

structure attributed to the law grow out of the power relationships of the socrity1

2ritici*e the law to upset the power relations

4ormativity

o

2riti6ue of normative legal thoughto %hen legal scholar) advocates and activists take a position on what the law ought

to be) how it should be interpreted etc1o $gnorance

o Self+Satisfaction

o Preservation

o Predicated on Source of power

o $ts force rather than S121 Legal 2onsitancy

o %hat should we do? $nterp

o $s the necessity on the law) precedent and consistency ) its trying to preserve

power structures

2ritical #ace Theory

o Application of critical theory a critical e!amination of society and cultue) to the

intersection of race) law) and powero : of Liberalism + 2olorblindness) #evolt

o Storytelling Application to legal system

o : of civil rights 0erek (ell

o %hite Privilege

o $ntersectionality

o


13/17

$rame!or) Mimi Sergent,Leventhal

42 should do framework B4# doesnt have enough time to take it

42

o B card is a case card

o /verything else is analytics

(enefits

o Aff controls ethos and pathos

o


14/17

Specific and narrow resolution

nly evidence you cut yourself

Advocacy Skills

0efend a case you dont believe in

4on+professional judges

(oth talk about problems in the beginning) then e!plain why theirproblems are worse than the other persons person with worstproblems

%hoever has the most emotion8pathos

2ritical Thinking

2ompassion

Self+confidence

Self+#ela!ivity

0ecision making

$nformed

4o cards out of your head

Less limited #ecent updates

$nformation Processing

Life balance8social skills

Public Speaking

2iti*enship

Legal definitions

o ,ow do you balance debat to include the most important ones

o %hich teams have the best version of debate?

o 3ost educational might be reading non+fiction summaries not worth the time)

money) etc1o 0ebate is uni6ue to7

$nfo processing

Advocacy

2reativity harder one

0ecision making

Public speaking important but inevitable

Policy 3aking /ducation

#esearch

Allows to read deep and learn more

(etter debate

#efle!ivity

o @se those for impacts in framework

o ,ow would be design debate around these7 $nternal Links Prepared opponents

Procedural &airness important to incentivi*e both sides to make them

do the best possible

$t isnt possible

o Structural issues that prevent participation in debate

Stasis point stand still) place where we know what is going to happen

Stand still point


15/17

Ability to determine what the opposing team will do in debet

%hat makes it uni6ue

o #esolution

&orce people to take multiple positions

/6uitable ground

Talk about Policies Potential options

o /thical concerns

o perational concerns

Support how e!ternal actors react

0ebatability

i1e1 racism is bad

surveillance invades privacy what can the neg say nothing

(ased in lit +++ challenge beliefs

o %hich of the things least touched you

0oesnt help with social skills and compassion

4o help for self+reflection

o ,ow to deal with it

Say there is a way to topically access their advantages

3a!imum issues that our kind of debate cant solve

So impact calc

%hy decision making is better

The impact affects the world and we access it meaning life is

awesome because life is awesome

Less people learning something

Learn what makes debate inaccessible through decision making

$mpacts

o 2ircumvention debate proves right and wrong what we have to be able to

understand the debate surrounding) 0epending on if changing the gov is

important1 %e need the in depth policy education debate provides1o rgani*ational skills

Aff

o


16/17

3aybe get rid of speech times or forcing aff and neg

Allow people who cant speak /nglish to debate

,ard to 6uantify how much inaccessibility there is

ur form of debate is the middle ground

o 28$ affirm the topic passive voice and only your aff is key) discussion of the

topic and direction of the topic 4o limit

#esolution direction is a new framework

0efend policy ability

Topics are broad w

o 0istancing arguments8policymaking bad

5et a link

#ole playing bad because you e!press your opinion about a referee doesnt

mean you believe that you are the referee Something we o to critici*e the government

4ot distancing

Aff is always being asked to critici*e the government

The dogmatism unwilling to accept a position contrary to ones own 0ogmatist arguments are horrible

0ont opponents args seriously

SS0 debate forces to take seriously

o SS0 if the topic is debateable and if there is difficult

compelling literature

Predictability outweighs

o Perm8policy all around us


17/17

4ew affs are constrained by the topic so neg gets generic

5etting coopted arg no one is going to coopt11

o &airness is racist8se!ist

Procedural fairness is racist and se!ist

/v based comparison

#ead cards that procedural fairness good

o /thics are prere68content

o Scholarship alone o8w+turns your decisions

o #ole of the ballot

o Se6uencing inclusion first

Their type of scholarship must be included before we get benefits

%hat is the point when the vast amount of people arent able to access?

4o perfection

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