Spanish Empire Building

Topic 10bChapter 2, Sections 2 and 3

Who “discovered” the Americas?The Irish?Vikings?Africans?Chinese?The “native” indians?Portugese?Christopher Columbus?Amerigo Vespucci?Juan Ponce de Leon?John Cabot?

1492: NOT JUST COLUMBUS! A BIG Year for Spain!

Reconquista ends - throw Muslims out of Spain“Super Catholics” – throw out JewsWant to show everyone how mighty they are…Gives Columbus, an Italian, $$ for a voyage to AsiaAugust 1492 – set sail (Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria)October 12, 1492 – reached West IndiesReturns to brag…3 more voyages madeClaimed Bahamas, Hispaniola, Cuba and Jamaica

and coast of South America for Spain

Tensions with PortugalColumbus’ voyages

caused Portugal and Spain to argue.The Line of Demarcation

was created by the Pope and Spain could have everything west of it.

Treaty of Tordesillas moved this line 800 more miles west, making it more fair to Portugal.

Impact of ColumbusMore Explorers:

1501 -Amerigo Vespucci sailed coast of South America

1519-Vasco Nunez de Balboa crosses Panama and claims Pacific for Spain

1522-Ferdinand Magellan’s crew circumnavigates the globe

Columbian ExchangeFoods, animals, disease,

etc.Wipe out Native Cultures

Spanish Conquer the New WorldHernan Cortes

Beats AztecsFrancisco Pizarro

Beats Incas Juan Ponce de Leon

Discovers La Florida in 1512.Pedro Menendez de Aviles

Establishes St. Augustine in 1565.Hernando de Soto

Explores West Florida and Gulf Region

Cabeza de Vaca & Panfilo de Narvaez Texas Coast; Prisoners for 6 years!

Francisco Coronado Mexico &Arizona, Grand Canyon

searching for Cities of Gold.

Structure of New SpainNo Jews, Muslims or

non-Christians allowed to settle

Council of the IndiesViceroys/Royal

GovernorsThree Kinds of

Settlements:Pueblos (trade)Missions (religious)Presidios (military)

Social Classes in New Spain

Life in New SpainAztec and Inca Gold and Silver sent back to

Spain.3-4 Million people by 1650s.80% were Native American workers/slavesBartolome de Las CasasAfrican Slave Trade begins: 1540s