to understand the basic model of information processing. · present new information ahs pe what is...
TRANSCRIPT
Agree learning outcomes
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• To understand the basic model of information processing.
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What is information processing?
• The making of decisions.
• Involves gathering data from the display (senses) and prioritising stimuli to make a suitable decision.
• Examples:
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Why might the performance of a skill differ between these two?
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Beginners:
•Beginners will tend to perform the skill the same way every time. For example: •This beginner may try to pass the ball with the inside of her foot.
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Elite performers:
•Elite performers will be able to vary how they perform the skill. For example: •Neymar could play a pass with the outside of his foot to create curve.
Apply Understanding
Task:
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Can you think of an example of how the performance of a skill may differ between an experienced player and an elite performer?
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Basic information processing model. Study hint: You need to be able to draw this model. You may also be asked to explain what happens at each stage.
Apply Understanding
Task: Can you draw the model from memory?
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DESCRIBE THE BASIC MODEL OF INFORMATION (2 marks)
The basic model of information processing is based on four stages: input, decision making, output and feedback. The model is a simple process that a performer carries out when deciding what to do.
2 minutes
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We are now going to look at each stage individually:
Input: • Performer takes in information from the
environment/display. E.G: What they can see or hear.
• They choose what is the most relevant signal/piece of information to them at the time.
• Example: • Sight when watching a cricket ball fly through the air. This is
selective attention. Filtering process whereby you’ve picked out the most important parts of the display.
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Decision making: • This is where the performer selects an
appropriate response (Movement/skill) from memory; perhaps one they have used in this situation before.
• Short term memory (STM) is the ‘working memory’. Information that has been attended to is held in the STM for approx. 30 secs (Short time). If your attention is distracted to something else that prior information is lost.
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Decision making cont. • Long term memory (LTM) holds information that
has been rehearsed and stored. For example: If a memory or past experience is relevant to what is required at the time, it is compared to information in the STM so that a suitable decision can be made.
• Example:
• The cricketer may have attended to the sight of the ball in the air. He recalls the memory of a previous catch (LTM) and compares it what he is currently seeing (STM) so that the decision to catch can take place.
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Output: • The decision chosen is sent to the appropriate
muscles to carry out the response.
• For example:
• Impulses sent to the arms and hands to start the appropriate muscular movements to catch the ball.
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Feedback: • Information is received via themselves (Intrinsic)
and/or from others (Extrinsic) regarding the success (or not) of the action.
• The feedback received may affect how you complete this skill in the future.
• Intrinsic example: You feel the ball in your hands.
• Extrinsic example: Your team mates cheer when you catch it.
APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE How does the information processing model work for a
Goalkeeper in football when the opposition is taking a freekick (use the words; input, decision making, output and feedback)
PENALTY TAKER PREPARING TO KICK THE BALL.
WHICH WAY DOES THE GK DIVE, LEFT OR RIGHT SIDE DEPENDING ON WHERE THE PENALTY TAKER KICKS THE BALL.
REACT AND MOVE TO THE DIRECTION OF THE BALL.
INTRINSIC (self)….praise ones self if positive or adjust body position if negative outcome. EXTRINSIC (outside)… the crowd, teams players, opposition or coaches. Positive or negative praise depending on the outcome. If negative changes will be made to the body.
Complete the information processing model below.
Explain the 4 different stages of information processing.
Discuss 4 stage of information processing during a long jump attempt.
Basic information processing
PLENARY What can you remember?
Using the stages of the information processing model, analyse how a performer hits a ball or shuttlecock in a racket sport of your choice (for example squash, tennis or badminton) (6 marks)
Apply Understanding
Task: Suggest the stages of a basic information processing model for a sporting skill of your choice.
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