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The Water/Energy Nexus for School Sites
Green California Schools and Community Colleges Summit October 29, 2015
Green California Schools Summit
October 29, 2015
Chester A. Widom, FAIA California State Architect
GOVERNORS EXECUTIVE ORDER
In almost every way conceivable, Californians have to get used to a very different world, and we’re going to have to live just a little bit differently.
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CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE TITLE 24
Building Standards Commission ›
Dept. of Housing & Community Development Office of Statewide Health Planning & Development Division of the State Architect
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES TITLE 23
Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO) › Structure Planning and Designing Installation and Maintenance Managing
› Calculator Evapotranspiration Adjustment Factor (ETAF) Special Landscape Areas
MWELO
Housing and Community Development ETAF: 0.55
Building Standards Commission ETAF: 0.45
OSHPD: Require local agency review and approval
Division of the State Architect ETAF: 0.65
INCLUDED: K–12 AND COMMUNITY COLLEGE PROJECTS All New or Rehabilitated Irrigated Landscape New Campuses New Buildings on Existing Campuses
LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION REQUIRMENTS-1
All landscaping on new campuses must be 100% in compliance with MWELO requirements except that: › ETAF for general landscape areas shall be 0.65 › Additional water allowance of 0.35 for Special Landscape Areas › ETAF for Special Landscape Areas of 1.0
LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION REQUIRMENTS-2
On existing campuses, compliance with the MWELO is required for: › New landscape irrigation projects 500 SF or more in area. › Rehabilitated landscape irrigation projects 1,200 SF or more in
area. › Projects ≥ 500 SF and < 2,500 SF may use prescriptive
compliance method of MWELO Appendix D
LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION REQUIRMENTS-3
Rehabilitated landscape area requirements on existing campuses: › Triggered by new building or addition to an existing building of ≥
1,600 SF › Existing landscape area equal to 75% of new building footprint
or building addition footprint: Must be upgraded to comply with 2015 MWELO
May be located on any campus within the district
May include existing landscape area removed from service
THINK DISTRICT–NOT CAMPUS
Goal is the district’s reduction of water usage Required landscape rehabilitation projects can be located in a
variety of places: › Adjacent to construction project › Elsewhere on the campus › Anywhere on other district campuses
THINK DISTRICT–NOT CAMPUS
Credit for MWELO compliant stand alone landscape irrigation projects for future construction projects
If new building is placed on existing landscaped area, there is no requirement for additional landscape irrigation rehabilitation › Credit for excess area
SELF CERTIFICATION
Design Professional › Architect › Landscape Architect › Civil Engineer
Requirements › Certification that design meets MWELO requirements-at project
submittal › Certification that construction conforms to MWELO requirements-at
completion
DSA: A partner in the design and construction of great and safe schools.
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Chester A. Widom, FAIA California State Architect [email protected] (916) 322 - 4866
DROUGHT RESPONSE BEST PRACTICES FOR CALIFORNIA SCHOOLS
STRATEGIES FOR REDUCED WATER USAGE
EXECUTIVE ORDER B-29-15
• RESTRICTIONS TO ACHIEVE 25% OVERALL REDUCTION
• THESE REDUCTIONS MAY BE HIGHER OR LOWER DEPENDING ON YOUR LOCATION (8% - 36%)
• SCHOOLS MUST REDUCE WATER USE - EXECUTIVE ORDER APPLIES TO SCHOOLS
WHAT CAN SCHOOLS DO TO REDUCE THEIR WATER USAGE?
• PLANNING
• PLAY FIELDS
• ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING
• BUILDING USE
• MAINTENANCE
• EDUCATION
PLANNING
• CONTACT YOUR WATER PURVEYOR(S) TO DISCUSS AVAILABLE RESOURCES
• BENCHMARK EXISTING WATER USAGE
• CONSIDER INSTALLING SEPARATE METERS FOR INDOOR AND OUTDOOR USE
• ESTABLISH PRIORITIES FOR WATER CONSERVATION • PLAY FIELDS AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL SPACES • ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING • BUILDING USES • RAIN CATCHMENT/RECYCLED WATER SYSTEMS • SUSTAINABLE SITES – LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT
PLAY FIELDS
• PLAY FIELDS ARE REQUIRED EDUCATIONAL SPACES & MUST BE MAINTAINED FOR SAFETY
• STRATEGIES TO REDUCE WATER USAGE IN PLAY FIELDS • FIELD USE ADJUSTMENTS/CONSOLIDATE FIELDS • AERATE SOIL • PLANT DROUGHT-TOLERANT GRASS VARIETIES • USE AN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM/MOISTURE SENSORS • WATER EARLY MORNING OR AFTER SUNSET TO REDUCE EVAPORATION • AVOID WATERING ON WINDY DAYS • WATER DEEPLY, LESS FREQUENTLY TO DEVELOP DEEPER ROOTS • ADJUST FERTILIZERS DURING WARMER MONTHS TO OPTIMIZE PLANT HEALTH • ALLOW GRASS TO GROW LONGER, ESPECIALLY DURING THE SUMMER
ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING
• CONSIDER REPLACING ORNAMENTAL TURF WITH DROUGHT-TOLERANT LANDSCAPING
• MAINTAIN TREES – SEPARATE IRRIGATION
• MULCH AROUND PLANTING AREAS
• USE PERMEABLE SURFACES FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
BUILDING USE
• INSTALL HIGHER ACCURACY AUTOMATIC FLUSH TOILETS
• REPLACE OLDER PLUMBING FIXTURES WITH NEWER, WATER-EFFICIENT FIXTURES
• CONSIDER USING WATERLESS URINALS
• REPLACE SINK AERATORS, SHOWER HEADS, AND OTHER FITTINGS WITH LOW-FLOW FITTINGS
• USE METERED OR OPTICAL-SENSOR FAUCETS
• INSTALL INSTANT-HOT WATER HEATERS
• CONSIDER USING GRAY-WATER OR RECYCLED WATER SYSTEMS
MAINTENANCE
• REPAIR AND ADJUST IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
• REPLACE SPRINKLER HEADS WITH LOW-FLOW SPRINKLERS
• CAP OR PLUG UNNECESSARY SPRINKLERS
• CREATE A PROACTIVE LEAK-DETECTION SYSTEM
• CREATE A WEB PAGE AND PHONE HOTLINE TO REPORT BROKEN SPRINKLERS
• ADJUST STAFFING/COMMUNICATIONS SO REPORTED LEAKS ARE REPAIRED QUICKLY
EDUCATION
• INCORPORATE WATER CONSERVATION INTO THE CURRICULUM
• INFORM THE PUBLIC OF WATER CONSERVATION EFFORTS
• USE SIGNAGE TO TEACH STUDENTS AND PUBLIC ABOUT WATER WISE LANDSCAPING
• SHARE YOUR SUCCESSES WITH OTHERS
RESOURCES
• HTTP://WWW.CDE.CA.GOV/LS/FA/SF/BPDROUGHT.ASP
• HTTP://WWW.STMA.ORG/SITES/STMA/FILES/STMAPCIBROCHURE_FIRSTED_FINAL.PDF
• HTTP://WWW.DOCUMENTS.DGS.CA.GOV/DSA/PUBS/10-TIPS_SCHOOLWATERCONSERVATION.PDF
• HTTP://UCANR.EDU/NEWS/DROUGHT/
• #WATERWISESCHOOLS ON TWITTER
CONTACT
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOL FACILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION SERVICES DIVISION
DIANE WATERS, SENIOR ARCHITECT
916-327-2884
WATER OUR NEXT CRISIS- NOW WHAT
A LOOK AT SOME PROJECTS Rolling Hills Quad Area Rolling Hills Quad Area
SUNDANCE ELEMENTARY Sundance Quad Sundance Front
KG PLAYGROUNDS Sundance KG Sunset Hills KG
WATER SAVINGS THESE PROJECTS WERE PRE 2013 SO THEY SKEW OUR 2013
BASELINE NUMBERS THERE WERE NO REBATES OR INCENTIVES OFFERED DID NOT COLLECT DATA IN UNITS IN UNTIL 2014 MAY 2014 UNITS USED 36,042 = 26,959416 GAL. MAY 2015 UNITS USED 30,759 = 23,007,732 GAL. SAVINGS 3,951,684 GAL. BASED ON 40 SITES
DROUGHT WORRIES TREES - COULD BE A BANNER YEAR FOR TREE SERVICES PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR TREES SHALLOW ROOTED, PINES, EUCALYPTUS LOOK FOR – LEAF CURL, PREMATURE DROPPING OF LEAVES, EARLY CHANGE
OF COLOR, RED OR YELLOWING NEEDLES ON PINES OR BROWNING TIPS INSECT INFESTATION BRITTLE LIMBS
DROUGHT STRESSED TREES WILL POSE A THREAT TO THE SAFETY OF ALL COMMUNITY MEMBERS
DROUGHT WORRIES TREES Lose of chlorophyll on Liquid Ambers Eucalyptus thinning and leaf curl
DROUGHT WORRIES CONT.
SPORTS FIELDS CHECK FOR A WAIVER OR VARIANCE ON IRRIGATING YOUR
SPORTS FIELDS FOR SAFETY PURPOSES THE CONCERNED COMMUNITY MEMBERS THE GODZILLA EL NINO
REBATES
LOTS OF WORK – SQUARE FOOTAGE, PICTURES HOLD YOUR BREATH – APPROVAL CAN TAKE UP TO THREE
MONTHS LOTS OF WORK II – BE PREPARED TO TAKE MORE FINISHED
PICTURE.
NEW PRODUCTS MOISTURE MANAGER SMART CONTROLLERS – WEATHER BASED, AUTOMATIC REAL
TIME UPDATES, RAIN SENSORS REBATES AND INCENTIVES
NEW PRODUCTS V. Softball Field Product 1 V. Baseball Field Product 2
THINGS TO REMEMBER
WE LIVE IN A DESERT REVIEW YOUR BMPS REMIND YOUR STAFF PAY ATTENTION TO THE TREES TRY NEW PRODUCTS COMMUNICATE
QUESTIONS
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
The Water/Energy Nexus for School Sites
Green California Schools and Community Colleges Summit
October 29, 2015
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
California’s Appliance Efficiency Standards (Title 20)
The Energy Commission sets minimum efficiency levels for both energy and water consumption of appliances
Regulations cover what can be sold or offered for sale in California
Manufacturers certify products that meet the standards in the Appliance Efficiency Database (https://cacertappliances.energy.ca.gov/)
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
January 17, 2014 – Governor Brown proclaimed a state of emergency due to drought
April 1, 2015
– Governor Brown issued Executive Order B-29-15 – Authorizes Energy Commission to adopt emergency regulations establishing standards improving efficiency of
water appliances
April 8, 2015 – Energy Commission adopted emergency water efficiency standards for Toilets, Urinals, Kitchen and Lavatory
Faucets – Standards become effective January 1, 2016
August 12, 2015
– Energy Commission adopted emergency standards for showerheads First tier effective July 1, 2016 – Amended standards for Lavatory Faucets First tier effective September 1, 2015
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Water Efficiency Standards – Recent Activity
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Title 20 Applies to These Water-consuming Devices
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Toilets, Urinals, and Faucets
• On April 8, the Commission adopted water-efficiency standards for toilets, urinals, and faucets.
• Once in effect, these standards are estimated to save annually: – 10.3 billion gallons of water, – 30.6 million therms (Mtherm) of natural gas – 218 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity
• Over ten years, the standards will save an estimated 730 billion gallons of water
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Toilets, Urinals, and Faucets Appliance Maximum Gallons per Flush
Sold or offered for sale before January 1, 2014
Sold or offered for sale on or after January 1, 2014
Sold or offered for sale on or after January 1, 2016
Toilets 1.6 gpf 1.28 gpf 1.28 gpf
Wall-mounted urinals 1.0 0.5 0.125
Other urinals 1.0 0.5 0.5
Trough-type urinals
Appliance Maximum Flow Rate
Sold or offered for sale before
January 1, 2014 Sold or offered for sale on or after January
1, 2016
Kitchen faucets & aerators 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 1.8 gpm with optional temporary flow of 2.2 gpm at 60 psi
Public lavatory faucets 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 0.5 gpm at 60 psi
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Lavatory Faucets and Showerheads • On August 12, the Commission adopted new, two-tiered standards for
showerheads and revised, two-tiered standards for residential lavatory faucets
• Over the next ten years, with both tiers, the showerhead standards are expected to save: • 38 billion gallons of water • 202 Mtherm of natural gas • 1,322 GWh of electricity
• Standards go into effect September 1, 2015, July 1, 2016, and July 1, 2018
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
First Year and Stock Turnover Savings – Combined Standards
First Year Savings
Water Natural Gas Electricity Savings
2015 Water Efficiency Standards 14,256.6 million gallons 53.59 Mtherm 359.28 GWh $214 million
Savings After Full Stock Turnover
Water Natural Gas Electricity Savings
2015 Water Efficiency Standards 150,156 million gallons 512.8 Mtherm 3,628.8 GWh $2.1 billion
Total Avoided Greenhouse Gas Emissions
2015 Water Efficiency Standards 3,511,151 tons eCO2
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Resources Read the New Water Efficiency Standards:
http://docketpublic.energy.ca.gov/PublicDocuments/15-AAER-05/TN206010_20150904T104618_Appliance_Efficiency_Regulations.pdf
Subscribe to the Appliances listserv:
http://www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/listservers.html
Title 20 Compliance Assistance Hotline
Toll free inside California (888) 838-1467
From outside of California (916) 651-7100
Additional Tools are located here:
http://www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/forms/index.html#webdocs
C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Proposition 39 (K-12) Program Who is Eligible for Funding? • Local Education Agencies (LEAs)
– County Offices of Education – Public Schools Districts (K-12) – Charter Schools – State Special Schools
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C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Eligible Energy Measures • Lighting Systems • Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) • Controls/Thermostats • Pumps and Motors • Plug Loads • Building Envelope • Clean Energy Generation (solar photovoltaic)
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C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Energy Efficiency Measures with a water savings connection
• Irrigation projects such as pump controls or high efficiency sprinklers.
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C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
Additional Information Energy Commission’s Proposition 39 Web page: http://www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/proposition39
California Climate Investment Map: www.caclimateinvestmentmap.ca.gov
Contact our Prop 39 Hotline: (855) 380-8722 (Toll-free in-state) (916) 653-0392 (Toll line out-of-state)
Contact us by email: [email protected]
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C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N
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Thank You! California Energy Commission
Local Assistance and Financing Office
Elizabeth Shirakh
916-654-4089 [email protected]
Proposition 39 Update
Anna Ferrera Executive Director School Energy Coalition 1303 J Street, Suite 520 Sacramento, California 95814 916.441.3300 [email protected] www.schoolenergysolutions.org
Janet Dixon
Director of Facilities Development Temecula Valley Unified School District
Green California Schools Summit
October 29, 2015
The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 55
Southwest Riverside County
28,400 Students
28 School Sites
2 Administrative Sites
2 Charter Schools in District-owned Sites
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Hired two energy managers in early 2012 Behavior Modification/schedule adjustments Lighting retrofit through SCE grant Quality maintenance HVAC program- SCE grant Electrical usage reduction of 20%
$165 Million GO Bond passed in November 2012.
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13/14: $1,167,805 14/15: $1.031,001 15/16, 16/17,17/18? (Assume $1 M/year) Total: Approximately $5 million
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Requested planning funds (but didn’t spend it)
Minumum $250K per school site if District had over $1
million
Each site needed to meet 1.05 Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR).
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EMS replacement Demand Control Ventilation-Variable Frequency Drive:
• Funded by SCE • In conjunction with quality maintenance program
5 Total Schools: • 2 Middle Schools and 1 Elementary School: • SCE/GO Bond Funded • 1 Elementary School, 2 wings of High School: SCE/Prop 39 funded
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*Gym lights and parking lot light retrofit added to get to $250K per site.
**Had to pass Board resolution saying we would keep HVAC units 10 years. The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015
HVAC $ in Thousands Site Total Prop 39 SCE SIR
Elementary** 355 250 105 1.48
2 wings H. S. 238 168* 70 1.60
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Central Plant 4 pipe system Co-Gen systems
• 2 micro turbines in pool area (2004)-excess heat used for pool heating
• 3 micro turbines added 2012 in central plant, pool units tied in,
The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 3 Central Plant Micro-Turbines
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• Excess heat used for central plant hot water loop and • 1 chiller replaced by absorption chiller and cooling tower
The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015
Cooling Tower 100 ton Absorption Chiller
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Chaparral High School • EMS Upgrade • Replace 2-250 ton chillers • Piping modifications to improve heat utilization of the co-generation
system • Anticipated reduction of 1 Million kwh/year (currently supplied by SCE)
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Replace Library Pendant Lighting Install New Energy Management System
The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 68
Install Closed Circuit Cooling Tower Replace water-cooled heat pumps Replace boiler Provide Economizer on Interior Units
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Project Cost( $000’s) SIR
Site Total Prop 39 Other funds
Chaparral $3,405 $2,472 $ 933 1.51
Margarita $1,601 $1,557 $ 44 0.75
Total $5,006 $4,029 $ 977 1.21
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Power Purchase Agreement 6.2 MW 20 Sites
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Account for efficiency projects when sizing alternate energy project • Chaparral: SCE tariffs make Co-Gen and Solar incompatible.
Cannot feed energy to grid. • Margarita: Prop. 39 projects will cut electicity usage by a third.
Account for other changes that might take place over life of contract
The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 72
TVUSD will have spent all Prop. 39 dollars and touched four of thirty sites
Many more projects than funding More complicated projects take much more time to put
together. Best Practice: Leverage Prop 39 funds with other
available funding
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