the study of biology lecture 1.3. science as a process uses an organized approach to learn how the...

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The study of Biology lecture 1.3

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The study of Biologylecture 1.3

Science as a process Uses an organized approach to learn how

the natural world works. Principle: (a) events have natural causes (b) Uniformity: the laws of nature act the

same everywhere

fertilizationWhere stars are born

Owl experiment Question: do owls hunt by hearing? Hypothesis: an if…….then statement Prediction: what will happen if the H. is true? Experiment: independent variable: light/dark Dependent variable.: distance from owl’s

strike to mouse Analyze data: owls hunt by sound in the dark,

by sight in the light Communicate results: paper, internet, peer

review

Compound light microscope

To see cells, small organisms

Eyepiece: X10Objective lenses: X 10-

X60Stage: supports the slideLight: illuminates from

below

Magnification Increases in the

object’s apparent size Multiply eyepiece X

lens 10X 60 = 600X

Resolution

Clarity of image, ability to show detail

Breast cancer cellsOnion membrane

Electron microscopesShoots a beam of electrons at a sample

Creates black & white images (colored later)

SEM: gives 3D pictures of surfaces of cells, viruses @ 100,000X magnification

TEM: scans slices of specimens

200,000 X magnification

Hydrothermal worms: FEI scannerPlant cell

Metric system

Measurement system used by all scientists

Based on powers of 10