The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of

Nationalsim1812-1824

The American continents..are henceforth not to be considered as

subjects for future colonization by any European powers 12/3/1823

War of 1812

• Worst fought in history

• No unity-no money-no strategy-

• NO CLUE!!!!!!

• Results- WE KICK A$$

• How does this happen?

On to Canada over Land and Lakes

• Army is low in numbers/training/supplies/morale-militia ?

• Officer corps remnants from American Rev• Game plan to attack Canada -• Isaac Brook has advantage of location-elan

and opponents weaknesses of Generals MUD and Confusion

• 1813- WE REPEATED exact strategy ?

Success on WATER

• Oliver Hazard Perry-green fleet and greener sailors scores an amazing victory on Lake Erie near Fort Malden

• Perry’s quote is legendary-”We have met the enemy and they are ours”

• Forts Detroit and Malden evacuated- Harrison intercepts them at Thames River-October 1813.

• All not well though for the US

Summer 1814-Napoleon defeated

• Exiled to Elba our brashness now gone

• Thousands of Redcoats with ‘continental’ experience pour into North America

• In what is perhaps the most UNDER-rated battles in history occurs-Plattsburgh-Thomas Macdonough-the date is scary

Washington Burned and New Orleans Defended

• The British planned own 3 prong attack-north-middle and south

• Chesapeake and Bladensburgh Races-militia ran-Madison vainly assists-Dolly saves artifacts-British burned capitol and White House-this is in return for burning York earlier

Treaty of Ghent-British reverses

• England’s 3 prong attack failed-Platsburgh-Baltimore-New Orleans-

• Russia begins talks-self interest• JQA contrasts with Henry Clay at Ghent• Armistice is reached-On To Canada!!! Now

becomes-no one inch of territory ceded or lost-contrast is extreme-illustrates lack of sincerity from war hawks?

Federalist grievances and the Hartford Convention

• MASS.Conn. RI-full delegations-rest partial• 26 members in all12/15/1814-1/51815• Fall of New Orleans seems eminent • Federalist fears reflected in their demands..2/3

vote in congress for new states/embargo/war delared. They also wanted $ for lost trade

• Seccession has been over emphasized• 3 delegates sent to DC with demands-news

reaches DC at same time-FEDS are done

Results of War of 1812

• Nationalism-literature

• The American System

• 1816 Election

• Era of Good Feelings

• Panic of 1819-birth of Jacksonian Democracy

• Growing Pains-9 new states-slave/free

Slavery/Sectional Balance/MC

• 1819-Mo. Seeks state-hood-House passes Tallmadge amendment-Result-OUTCRY!

• Federalists-see Tallmadge as a way to check the Va. Dynasty-politics and emotion now blend together-CRITICAL-now the defunct Federalists see an opportunity-If they can join forces with western interests-they can be a potent force-the dividing issue……?

SLAVERY

• Expansion results of gaining access to prime lands

• Growth of textile mills

Missouri Compromise

• Henry Clay uses American tradition of Compromise to break the stalemate

• Clay will become know as the Great Compromiser

• Mo.-slave Me. Free All future states carved from LP territory will free if above the southern boundary of Mo.

• 36 30 now becomes sacred line

John Marshall and Judicial Nationalism

• Marshall=loose constructionism

• “The power to tax is the power to destroy” made famous in McCulloch v MD.

• States’ Rights took a major step back under Marshall’s rulings

Sharing Oregon and Acquiring Florida

• John Quincy Adams is Monroe’s Sec. Of State- arguably the greatest of all time

• Treaty of 1818-Florida Purchase Treaty-Monroe Doctrine-Russo-American Treaty 1824-Rush-Bagot Agreement-all to his credit