the second war for independence and the upsurge of nationalsim 1812-1824 the american...
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The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of
Nationalsim1812-1824
The American continents..are henceforth not to be considered as
subjects for future colonization by any European powers 12/3/1823
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War of 1812
• Worst fought in history
• No unity-no money-no strategy-
• NO CLUE!!!!!!
• Results- WE KICK A$$
• How does this happen?
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On to Canada over Land and Lakes
• Army is low in numbers/training/supplies/morale-militia ?
• Officer corps remnants from American Rev• Game plan to attack Canada -• Isaac Brook has advantage of location-elan
and opponents weaknesses of Generals MUD and Confusion
• 1813- WE REPEATED exact strategy ?
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Success on WATER
• Oliver Hazard Perry-green fleet and greener sailors scores an amazing victory on Lake Erie near Fort Malden
• Perry’s quote is legendary-”We have met the enemy and they are ours”
• Forts Detroit and Malden evacuated- Harrison intercepts them at Thames River-October 1813.
• All not well though for the US
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Summer 1814-Napoleon defeated
• Exiled to Elba our brashness now gone
• Thousands of Redcoats with ‘continental’ experience pour into North America
• In what is perhaps the most UNDER-rated battles in history occurs-Plattsburgh-Thomas Macdonough-the date is scary
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Washington Burned and New Orleans Defended
• The British planned own 3 prong attack-north-middle and south
• Chesapeake and Bladensburgh Races-militia ran-Madison vainly assists-Dolly saves artifacts-British burned capitol and White House-this is in return for burning York earlier
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Treaty of Ghent-British reverses
• England’s 3 prong attack failed-Platsburgh-Baltimore-New Orleans-
• Russia begins talks-self interest• JQA contrasts with Henry Clay at Ghent• Armistice is reached-On To Canada!!! Now
becomes-no one inch of territory ceded or lost-contrast is extreme-illustrates lack of sincerity from war hawks?
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Federalist grievances and the Hartford Convention
• MASS.Conn. RI-full delegations-rest partial• 26 members in all12/15/1814-1/51815• Fall of New Orleans seems eminent • Federalist fears reflected in their demands..2/3
vote in congress for new states/embargo/war delared. They also wanted $ for lost trade
• Seccession has been over emphasized• 3 delegates sent to DC with demands-news
reaches DC at same time-FEDS are done
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Results of War of 1812
• Nationalism-literature
• The American System
• 1816 Election
• Era of Good Feelings
• Panic of 1819-birth of Jacksonian Democracy
• Growing Pains-9 new states-slave/free
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Slavery/Sectional Balance/MC
• 1819-Mo. Seeks state-hood-House passes Tallmadge amendment-Result-OUTCRY!
• Federalists-see Tallmadge as a way to check the Va. Dynasty-politics and emotion now blend together-CRITICAL-now the defunct Federalists see an opportunity-If they can join forces with western interests-they can be a potent force-the dividing issue……?
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SLAVERY
• Expansion results of gaining access to prime lands
• Growth of textile mills
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Missouri Compromise
• Henry Clay uses American tradition of Compromise to break the stalemate
• Clay will become know as the Great Compromiser
• Mo.-slave Me. Free All future states carved from LP territory will free if above the southern boundary of Mo.
• 36 30 now becomes sacred line
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John Marshall and Judicial Nationalism
• Marshall=loose constructionism
• “The power to tax is the power to destroy” made famous in McCulloch v MD.
• States’ Rights took a major step back under Marshall’s rulings
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Sharing Oregon and Acquiring Florida
• John Quincy Adams is Monroe’s Sec. Of State- arguably the greatest of all time
• Treaty of 1818-Florida Purchase Treaty-Monroe Doctrine-Russo-American Treaty 1824-Rush-Bagot Agreement-all to his credit
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