the polder terminal concept - eventactevents.eventact.com/ortra/iaph2012/eric smit.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
The Polder Terminal Concept23 May 2012Eric Smit – Director Business Development, Maritime & WaterwaysRoyal Haskoning
The International Association of Ports & Harborswww.iaphworldports.org
Innovative “Dutch” Initiative to Sustainable Terminal Design
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Content
• Royal Haskoning• Defini ti on • Inspiration• Port construction• Polder terminal
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Polder terminal• Container terminal operations• Polder quay structure• Water management• Conclusions
Royal Haskoning
n Consultants, architects, planners, engineersn 3,600 professionals n Established in the Netherlands in 1881
International Association of Ports & Harbors
n World-wide global experience delivered locallyn Some 550 staff wo r ki ng in the por ts and shi pyar ds
engineering and consultancy sectors
“To create solutions for issues which concern the interaction between people and their maritime environment”
Royal Haskoning
International Association of Ports & Harbors
The ‘innovative’ approach
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Defini ti on of a pol der
A polder is a low-lying tract of land enclosed byembankments (barriers) known as dikes, that forms anartifici al hydrological entity, meaning it has no connectionwith outside water other than through manually-operateddevices.
International Association of Ports & Harbors
The Netherlands – ‘polder’ country
International Association of Ports & Harbors8
Dutch History ‘Exported’
International Association of Ports & Harbors
House within dike-ring – Vicksburg, Mississippi
And applied ‘domestically’
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Borssele Nuclear Power Plant
Inspiration
Two events in 2009:
• Interview questionWhat goes wrong on a container terminal when it floods ?
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Container terminal projectTo be located on a tidal mud flat in As i a
Bangkok Airport Proposal - 1993
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Suvarnabhumi Airport ready for floods ?
International Association of Ports & HarborsAirport within 3.5m high and 37m wide earthen dike and sheet piles
Polder terminal
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Suvarnabhumi International Airport (Bangkok)• Cost of raising by 2.5m (32 km2)• Settlement problems (20m soft clay)• Polder plan (De Weger / Royal Haskoning, 1993)
Reliable, Safe
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Port construction
• Few on-shore locations left• Off-shor e devel opme nt s • Land reclamation (MV2 +5m CD)• Large volumes of good quality fill • High dredging, transport and placing cost
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• High dredging, transport and placing cost• Environmental impact of dredging• Soil settlement• Soil improvement
Polder terminal
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Container terminal• Tidal mud flat al ong a ri ver • Tens of meters of soft mud• Large volumes of fill requi red • Extensive soil improvement required
Local knowledge
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Terminal operations
Conventional terminal:• Quay, apron and yard all at same level• No problems with horizontal transport
Polder terminal:
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Polder terminal:• Quay on higher level than yard• Operations - horizontal transport?• Quay, apron dike combination?• Dual Trolley Crane System
Terminal operations
International Association of Ports & HarborsFirst-generation automated container terminal
Terminal operations
International Association of Ports & HarborsSecond-generation automated container terminal(Euromax and Altenwerder)
Terminal operations
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Terminal operations
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Crane efficiency i s det ermi n ed by t he shi p t rol l ey performance and not the terminal level
Quay wall dike structure
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Conventional structures• Land side wall is anchor wall• Combi wall is seepage screen
Quay wall dike structure
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Landside view
Polder terminal layout
International Association of Ports & Harbors
The concept
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
The concept
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
The concept
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Water management
Water discharge:
• Discharge sluice• Electric pumping station• Use only wind generated power
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Use only wind generated power• Water level fluctuations allowed
Water management
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Water management
Prawn Farms, Vietnam
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Water management
Collection and storage:
• Polder water fresh or brackish• Water collection and storage system• Drains and gravel beds
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Drains and gravel beds• Drains and surface water (5%-10%)• Water level fluctuat i on al lowe d (no agr i cul tur e, no
historic buildings• Wetland development (nature compensation inside the
port)• Fish or algae farming
Water management
International Association of Ports & HarborsWater collection and storage
Fish & Algae Farming / Wetland Development
International Association of Ports & Harbors
Dredging & Land Reclamation – Asia November 2011
Wind Energy for the pumps
International Association of Ports & HarborsWater discharge systems energy requirements
Cost ComparisonC
OST
/m2
International Association of Ports & Harbors
CO
ST/m
SURFACE AREA
Conventional ReclamationPolder
The psychological factor
International Association of Ports & Harbors38
The psychological factor (cont’d)
International Association of Ports & Harbors39
Conclusions
• Requires less fill • Less environmental impact through dredging• Nature may be included in terminal• Has been done before (Bangkok)• Less settlement of yard area
International Association of Ports & Harbors
• Less visual impact of yard• Compatible with modern container terminal layout• Existing construction techniques• Adaptable to unanticipated sea level rising