the parts of speech (1)

8/6/2019 The Parts of Speech (1)

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Names for Words

The Parts of Speech


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Names for Words: Parts of SpeechNo matter what, words must be put together

That makes a sentence

Nothing is possible without sentences


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Sentence StructureAll sentences must start with a capital letter

All sentences must end with a punctuation

A sentence is not a part of speech; it just the

thing that contains the Part of speech


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8Main Parts Of Speech

Nouns interjection

Verbs

Adjective

Adverbs

Preposition

Conjunctions

Pronouns


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Conjunctions

Join Things


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ConjunctionsConjunctions are connecting words

Example:

Andadds things together in the sentenceI like baseball andsoccer.

Oralso joins, but makes an optionWhat do you like best, dogs orcats?

Orcan also pose a question.


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Using

And/Or

Sentence 1: I am going to play.

Sentence 2: I am going to study.

UsingAndto join:

I am going to play, and Im going to study.

Using Orto join:

I am going to play, or Im going to study.


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Using a CommaBefore every joining word, a comma (,)

must be used

Example:

I like soup, and I like sandwiches.

You also must check that a and/or can be

used by taking out the , and/, or andreplacing it with a period.


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Different Conjunctions

Conjunctions arent only and/or, they are:

So, because, but, then, after,also just a (,), etc.


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More examples

No one came to save him, so he went off to

explore.

Alice smiled, and then turned to her rabbit


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Adjectives

Words that describe


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AdjectivesWords that describe

Are used to describe nouns

Used to say:

How something feels, tastes, looks, or

sounds


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Things that we describe

You

Sky

School

Bird

Etc.


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Words toD

escribeGreen Any Color

Stormy

Loud

Five Any Number


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Putting it all togetherYellow Chickens

Purple sweater

Cloudy Sky

Stinky Cigarette


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U

sing more than one adjectiveIn some cases, 2 adjectives may be used to

describe

ExamplesThe car was boxy, and green.

The thin, graypaper airplane was

indestructible.


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AdjectivesPick some adjectives for:


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PronounsTake the place of nouns

Save time and energy

Pronouns are words such as it, he , she,they, etc.

**They refer to the previous noun


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Examples of PronounsJoe, won a new car, and hejumped with

joy. Joe


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Proper NounsSomething's OWN name

Include names, nicknames, pets names,

places names, city names, etc.Proper Nouns also define

All proper nouns start with Capitals

Examples:

Joe vs. Person Jamestown vs. the city


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Articles

A, An, The


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ArticlesAlways go before a noun


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The RulesA always presents a consonant

An always presents a vowel

The always presents a singular


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The Two Parts of a

Sentence

Putting Things Together


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2 Parts Of a SentenceSentences are the building blocks of our

language

The 2 Main Parts are:Subjects

Predicates


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The SubjectIs the Noun of the sentence, The sentence isalso based upon the Noun

In, The beautifulballerina leaped into the airlike a deer.Ballerina is the subject

In, The Seminole Indians traveled over thewater in the dugout canals.

The quickest way to find the subject is toread the sentence carefully

The subject can be singular or plural and 1

or 2 words


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The PredicateThe predicate names the verb in the

sentence that tells what is happening

In, The beautiful ballerina leapedinto the airlike a deer. leapedis the predicate

In, The Seminole Indians traveled over

water in the dugout canals. the predicate istraveled.

The easiest way to find the predicate is to

find what the subject is doing.


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Helping Verbs

The action


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Helping VerbsThe Helping Verb shows us weather the

verb is past, present, or future. These are all

considered tenses


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The tense table

Present Past Future

Am Was Will

Did Had Am/Are going

to


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Getting Words to Agree

Singular and Plurals


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Getting Words to Agree

All plural subjects end with the letter s

Verbs in sentences with he and they do not

always indicate a plural.**Remember

He Goes

They Go


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Matching Plural Verbs

When you have a plural subject such as,

five boys you must give them a plural

verb such as, run


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Verbs with


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Three Types of Sentences

Main Sentences


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The 3 Main Types Of Sentences

Almost everything we say is said in

sentences.

There are interrogative, declarative, andimperative sentences


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Declarative Sentences

Are the most common type of sentence.

Are punctuated with a period.

Are used to tell our thoughts, and what wesee.

Can be simple or complex.

I have a dream . . . as MLK Jr. once said.

I saw a bird as beautiful as the summer sky

as it rises above the horizon.


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Interrogative Sentences

ALWAYS has a (?) question mark.

If you ask enough of them they become

self-explanatory.Do stars burn out ?

Why are my eyes colored ?

Why is global warming such a problem ?


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Imperative Sentences

May need more than 1 or 2 words.

Used to give orders and make requests.

Always ends in a (!) exclamation point if used tomake requests.

Always ends in (.) a period to give orders.

Stop!

Hug Me.** In many sentences YOU is not spoken but is

understood.


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Types of Literature

Learning Books


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Biography

A True story about a persons life

Are very interesting stories

Are NOT by the person they are about

Are written using second hand accounts

SECOND-HAND ACCOUNTS writings

that are left behind, diaries, newspapers, andletters, etc.


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Autobiography

Are books written by the person they are

about

Auto- means self (ex.Automobile is selfdriven.Autopilot is a plane that flies by

itself)

Most are written inProse,but can bewritten in poems, plays, or songs


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Fiction

Are make-believe, or fairytales such as

Alice in Wonderland, or Pollyanna

Not everything has to be made-up, can havetrue parts with a twist, or true facts in a

made-up story. Ex. You could have a story

about traveling through space, that is not

true. But, the moon, gravity force, wind,

stars, yourself, a spaceshutle, etc.


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Non-Fiction

Is ALL true

Ex. Biographies, and autobiographies,

newspaper articles, and school reports, andhistory

IE. A report on the 1989 earthquake in San

Francisco


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Sayings and Phrases

Idioms and Metaphors


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What Is A Phrase ?

Main Entry:1phrase

Pronunciation:*fr*z

Function:noun

Etymology:Latin phrasis, from Greek, from phrazein to point out, explain, tell

Date:15301 :

a characteristic manner or style of expression :

DICTION2 a : a brief expression; especially :

CATCHPHRASE b :

WORD3 : a short musical thought typically two to four measures long closing

with a cadence4 : a word or group of words forming a syntactic constituentwith a single grammatical function *an adverbial phrase*5 : a series of dance

movements comprising a section of a pattern


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Actions Speak Louder Than

Words

Means, some people dont mean what they say. It

is often obvious what is meant.

Dad says he hates cats even Juju, Stewart said.

But, Tracy said, last night, I saw Dad kiss the

top of his head.

Well, Stewart said, I think he really loves Juju,

well, actions speak louder than words.


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Beggars, Cant Be Choosers

This phrase means if you are needy, dont bepicky even if it isnt exactly what you want orneed.

I didnt have time to eat, Jane said, and Imstarving! But the only thing left in the cafeteria isyesterdays spinach salad.

Beggars cantbe choosers, Jane, Nicky said,looks like youll actually have to eat somethinghealthy for a change.


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Let Bygones Be Bygones

This means that people should forget about badfeelings towards each other.

I cant belive you wont help me with this science

experiment! It means a lot, Im failing, Tyronsaid screaming,Why wont you help.

Come on, Tyron, Janine said,Ill help you study.

There is no sense in being mad. Just Letbygonesbe bygones.


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Look Before You Leap

Talks about risks we take in life. It means that weshould think before acting.

Mom, Andrew asked me if I want to take over his

paper route. Isnt that a great idea ? Then I couldby that new trumpet.

I dont know, mother said, you have music

lessons every day after school. Do you really havetime. You should Lookbefore you leap.


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One Rotten Apple Spoils The

Whole Barrel

Today , you are going to use your text

books and do partner notes.

Turn to page 63, it is at the bottom of pg. 63and pg. 64


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A Place for Everything and

Everything in its Place



Turn to pg. 64You must have a different partner


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The Show Must Go On

Means no matter what happens the project

must keep going.

I cant play goalie this weekend, Lisa said, I have a sprained ankle.

Its okay, said the coach, the show must goon.


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His Bark Is Worse Than His Bite

Means someone looks or acts a lot differently thanwho they really are.

Mr. Crackles is such a grouch, Meg said.

Yeah, said Mickey, they shouldnt call himprincipal, they should call him prince-paddle.

You are so foolish you 2, Missy explained, youknow he wouldnt paddle anyone. He might getmad easy but hes really a nice man. His bark isworse that his bite.


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Beat Around The Bush



Turn to page 65, You must work withsomeone you haven't yet worked with.


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Clean Bill Of Health



Turn to page 65


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On His Last Legs

Means something is about to die or break

for good.

Your job now is to write a role play for thisphrase.

The best one will become part of this

presentation.


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The End


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the parts of speech (1)

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