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From World Development Indicators

The Little Data Book onPrivate SectorDevelopment

Economic and social context

Investment climate

Private sector investment

Finance and banking

Infrastructure

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2011THE LITTLE DATA BOOK

ON PRIVATE SECTORDEVELOPMENT

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Copyright ©2011 by the International Bank for

Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 

1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433

U.S.A.

All rights reserved

Manufactured in the United States of America

First printing July 2011

ISBN: 978-0 -8213-8861-7

eISBN: 978-0-8213-8884-6

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8861-7

SKU: 18861

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011 is a product

of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics

Vice Presidency and the Investment Climate Department of the Financial

and Private Sector Development Vice Presidency of the World Bank Group.

Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C.

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iiiThe Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

ContentsAcknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Regional tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

  World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

  East Asia and Pacific. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

  Europe and Central Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

  Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

  Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

  South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

  Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

  Low income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

  Middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

  Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12  Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

  Low and middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

  Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

  High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

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iv 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011 is based on World

Development Indicators 2011 and its accompanying CD-ROM, with a focus

on the private sector in development. The Little Data Book on Private Sector

Development 2011 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of

the World Bank’s Development Data Group of the Development Economics

Vice Presidency and the Investment Climate Department of the Financial and

Private Sector Development Vice Presidency. The Development Data Group

team included Azita Amjadi, David Cieslikowski, Federico Escaler, Buyant

Erdene Khaltarkhuu, Alison Kwong, William Prince, and Jomo Tariku. The

Investment Climate Department's team included Nathalie David and Ayse

Boybeyi. The work was carried out under the management of Shaida Badiee,

director of the Development Data Group, and Pierre Guislain, director of the

Investment Climate Department. The book was typeset by Jomo Tariku. Staff

from External Affairs oversaw publication and dissemination of the book.

Acknowledgments

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vThe Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Preface Access to reliable cross-country data on private sector development is crucial

when formulating responses to economic crisis. When downturns affect

exports, investment and growth negatively, making life easier for business

is a significant step towards economic recovery. This became very obvious

during the global financial crises when governments were trying to stimulate

economic growth through the creation of more robust private and finance

markets. Improving the investment climate facilitates economic adjustment

as it helps attract capital to create jobs and provide basic services.

Unsurprisingly, the availability of cross-country data on the business

environment has rapidly expanded in recent years, including data from the

World Bank’s Doing Business project, Enterprise Surveys, and the World

Bank Group Entrepreneurship Snapshots.

The data sources presented in this book report on the scope and types of

regulations that enhance — and constrain — business activity and provide

information on business owners’ assessment of the business environment.

The data have led to new research, enabled benchmarking, and informed

the reform process in many developing countries.

Included in this guide are indicators on the economic and social context,

the investment climate, private sector investment, finance and banking, and

infrastructure. Though a pocket guide cannot include all relevant variables,

the indicators that are included provide users with a general understanding

of the private sector in each country. Indicators displayed in the tables are

defined in the Glossary , which also lists data sources.

We welcome your suggestions on how to improve future editions and make

them more useful.

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vi 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

The data in this book are for 2000 and 2009 or the most recent year unless

otherwise noted in the table or the Glossary .

• Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year unless

otherwise noted.

• Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income

economies only.

• Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those

specified.

Symbols used:

  .. indicates that data are not available or that aggregates cannot

be calculated because of missing data.

  0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number would round

to zero at the displayed number of decimal places.

  $ indicates current U.S. dollars.

Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for

smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country

(used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence

or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which

the authorities report separate social or economic statistics.

Data notes

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

2 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

World

2000 2009

6,085.0 6,775.2

2,755.3 3,175.8

5.6   6.6

5,293 8,7323.3 2.9

3.6   2.9

28.9   27.0

19.2   16.8

67.5   70.2

24.4 24.2

24.5 24.3

.. 34

.. 8

.. 51.2

.. 2.9

.. 47.8

17.9

.. ..

5.0 2.0

21.6 19.5

.. ..

-0.2 -7.1

.. ..

103.9 124.688.6 91.5

8.7 9.4

9.5 4.2

129.3 138.2

7.0 6.2

49.0 ..2,389   2,875

12.2 69.0

6.7 27.1

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

3The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific

2000 2009

1,807.1 1,943.8

985.3 1,090.7

3.6   4.6

902 3,1636.0 9.4

15.0 11.4

44.4 45.0

30.7 31.7

40.6 43.4

35.5 34.9

31.3 29.7

.. 40

.. 8

.. 56.7

.. 3.1

.. 36.5

18.4

17,993 11,467

2.6 1.6

30.5 39.4

8.9   18.8

-2.6 -2.0

.. ..

109.5 125.349.0 56.0

.. ..

.. ..

98.9 117.0

6.9 7.1

11.4 ..879   1,972

5.8 61.6

1.9 24.1

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

4 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Europe & Central Asia

2000 2009

399.7 404.2

176.4 187.2

10.2 9.2

1,756 6,7932.1 5.9

10.8 7.5

34.7 30.4

18.2 16.6

54.5 62.1

37.0 29.8

31.0 28.7

.. 18

.. 6

.. 25.9

.. 2.9

.. 42.2

10.0

8,448 23,082

1.3 3.3

18.8 21.1

15.6 17.2

.. -0.4

.. ..

27.7 54.322.3 40.2

14.0 13.3

11.0 9.3

14.8 45.0

14.8 5.7

67.4 ..3,316   4,052

6.5 118.7

2.0 36.4

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

5The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean

2000 2009

512.4 572.5

221.0 269.3

9.0 7.9

3,831 7,0073.0 3.8

5.6 6.1

29.6 30.6

18.3 16.8

64.8 63.3

20.0 21.0

21.1 21.0

.. 60

.. 9

.. 55.5

.. 3.2

.. 47.9

21.4

36,956 52,821

3.9 1.9

18.4 19.9

.. 14.3

-1.5   -1.7 

.. ..

44.5 59.032.1 44.0

9.6 9.6

7.5 3.0

27.0 40.8

8.3 7.7

24.3 ..1,568   1,907 

12.1 89.5

3.8 31.5

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

7The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

South Asia

2000 2009

1,362.4 1,567.7

515.4 625.9

4.5   4.8

442 1,1075.4 7.3

23.9 18.3

25.8 26.8

15.4 15.3

50.3 54.9

14.2 18.9

15.9 24.2

.. 25

.. 7

.. 75.8

.. 4.5

.. 39.9

17.8

3,027 39,907

0.7 2.3

22.2 28.6

15.8 21.0

-4.0 -4.6

64.6   56.5

41.8 63.741.9 60.5

4.9   6.4

19.5   10.5

27.7 43.5

6.9 5.9

47.5   51.8359   503

0.3 45.5

0.5 5.5

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9The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion

for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every

economy in The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development is classified

as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income

economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of

the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the

group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have

reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income

does not necessarily reflect development status.

Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $995 or less

in 2009.

Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than

$995 but less than $12,196. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income

economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,945.

High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,196 or more.

Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union

of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency: Austria,

Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and

Spain.

Income group tables

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

11The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Middle income

2000 2009

4,339.2 4,812.5

1,947.7 2,244.8

5.4   6.2

1,267 3,3974.1 6.4

11.4 9.6

35.5 35.0

21.5 21.0

53.1 55.4

27.3 27.0

25.4 26.1

.. 39

.. 8

.. 49.5

.. 3.1

.. 41.5

17.1

80,173 142,107

2.6 2.2

22.6 27.3

13.3   18.4

-2.3 -1.5

.. ..

62.9 86.438.7 51.5

9.5 10.1

11.3 4.8

50.2 72.8

8.2 6.3

35.4 ..1,071   1,670

4.9 66.7

1.7 20.9

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

12 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Lower middle income

2000 2009

3,416.4 3,810.8

1,555.1 1,786.5

4.3   5.3

741 2,3215.6 8.5

17.1 13.3

39.5 38.9

24.7 25.8

43.4 47.7

27.7 28.9

26.3 28.3

.. 35

.. 8

.. 57.7

.. 3.3

.. 40.2

16.3

21,404 41,477

2.1 2.0

27.2 34.9

11.1   19.9

-3.2 -2.3

.. ..

84.0 107.643.7 54.9

8.8 10.0

16.8 5.1

71.9 92.9

8.3 7.3

35.4 ..693   1,318

3.3 57.8

1.1 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

13The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Upper middle income

2000 2009

922.7 1,001.7

392.6 458.2

11.1 9.1

3,214 7,5022.9 4.4

6.6 6.2

32.2 31.5

18.5 16.7

61.2 62.4

26.9 25.4

24.7 24.2

.. 43

.. 8

.. 40.1

.. 2.9

.. 43.0

18.0

32,746 64,899

3.0 2.4

18.8 20.7

.. 15.6

-1.4 -0.6

.. ..

45.3 60.634.6 47.4

9.6 9.7

8.1 4.2

32.0 47.8

7.8 5.5

36.8 ..2,469   3,001

10.8 100.6

3.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

14 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Low and middle income

2000 2009

5,033.9 5,658.7

2,250.3 2,629.2

5.3   6.5

1,128 2,9684.1 6.4

12.1 10.0

35.1 34.7

21.2 20.8

52.8 55.2

27.0 26.9

25.5 26.4

.. 39

.. 8

.. 55.7

.. 3.3

.. 51.1

19.2

40,472 127,613

2.6 2.2

22.5 27.2

13.2   18.4

-2.3 -1.5

.. ..

62.0 85.938.4 51.3

.. ..

12.0 5.3

49.4 72.0

8.7 6.8

24.3 ..975   1,505

4.3 60.7

1.5 18.1

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

15The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Euro area

2000 2009

311.6 327.3

143.9 158.5

9.2 9.4

21,980 38,8722.8 1.5

2.5 1.5

27.8 24.1

19.9 15.3

69.7 74.3

36.6 36.3

36.0 34.8

.. 14

.. 6

.. 36.4

.. 1.7

.. 45.7

13.5

.. ..

11.6 3.0

21.4 19.5

.. ..

0.1 -5.2

58.9 69.9

118.3 151.474.7 106.5

6.4 6.5

2.6 3.6

97.7 133.1

4.2   3.5

91.8   100.06,363   6,970

60.3 123.2

22.8 67.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

16 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

High income

2000 2009

1,051.1 1,116.6

504.9 546.6

6.5 8.1

25,241 37,9903.1 2.0

1.9   1.5

27.7   25.0

18.8   15.9

70.5   73.5

23.8 23.6

24.3 23.9

.. 18

.. 6

.. 37.9

.. 2.1

.. 38.6

14.3

.. ..

5.6 2.0

21.5 18.0

.. ..

0.1 -7.7

54.2 55.7

113.1 140.0100.5 108.5

7.0 6.8

4.4 3.4

147.0 165.1

4.3   3.8

88.5   93.48,939   9,518

49.9 111.2

30.5 72.3

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17The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

China

Data for China do not include data for Hong Kong SAR, China; Macao SAR,

China; or Taiwan, China.

Cyprus

GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to the area

controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. For more information,see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org.

Georgia

GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP exclude Abkhazia

and South Ossetia. For more information, see World Development Indicators

2011 or data.worldbank.org.

Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia

Montenegro declared independence from Serbia and Montenegro on June 3,

2006. Where available, data for each country are shown separately. However,

some indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro.

Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from 1999 onward exclude

data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory under international

administration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999).

Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29, 2009, and its

data are shown where available.

Moldova

GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP exclude Transnistria.

For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.world-bank.org.

Morocco

GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP include Former

Spanish Sahara. For more information, see World Development Indicators

2011 or data.worldbank.org.

Netherlands Antilles

Netherlands Antilles ceased to exist on October 10, 2010. Curacao and St.

Maarten became countries within the Kingdom of Netherlands. Bonaire,

St. Eustatius, and Saba became special municipalities of the Netherlands.

Tanzania

GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to mainland

Tanzania only. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 

or data.worldbank.org.

Country tables

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

18 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2008 2008

AfghanistanSouth Asia Low income

23.6 29.8 846

7.4 9.6 384

..   8.5 ..

..   310 509

..   10.5 5.4

45.2 32.5 26.1

19.7  22.1 24.4

15.0 13.3 12.4

35.1 45.4 49.5

.. -13.2

47.4 50.2

30.6 15.6 23.2

61.6 47.7   35.9

.. 167

.. 7 41

.. 4 8

.. 30.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 36.4 76.5

.. 0.0 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   6.8

..   28.8

..   1.4

..   45.8

..   8.5

70 60 4,779

0.0 1.3 2.7

11.6 25.0 22.9

1.1 8.7   15.8

.. 0.2   -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. 9.1 26.3

.. 36.1

.. ..   11.5

..   29.3 12.0

.. ..   231

..   20.3

0.0 40.3 26.6

0.0 3.4 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

19The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Albania

3.1 3.2 1,002

1.3 1.4 458

22.7 12.7   9.1

1,170 4,000 7,5025.2 5.4 4.4

29.1 20.8 6.2

19.0 19.7 31.5

11.4 19.7 16.7

51.9 59.5 62.4

0.1 2.3

143.7 95.0

19.1 28.7 25.4

37.5 54.4 24.2

.. 82

.. 5 43

.. 5 8

.. 56.0 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. 40.6 43.0

.. 8.5 18.0.. 2.0

.. 0.8

11.4 18.7  

83.8 22.4

10.4 12.4

27.4 41.7  

14.0 24.6

102 1,003 64,899

3.9 8.1 2.4

24.7 29.0 20.7

18.1 20.6 15.6

-6.7 -3.0 -0.6

51.9 .. ..

34.8 62.0 60.643.8 57.9 47.4

.. 8.7 9.7

.. 10.5 4.2

4.7 37.0 47.8

17.0 10.1

13.8 5.9 5.5

39.0 ..   36.81,218   1,372 3,001

..   37.8

1.0 131.9 100.6

0.1 41.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

20 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Algeria

30.5 34.9 1,002

11.1 14.8 458

29.8   11.3 9.1

1,610 4,420 7,502

3.2 4.0 4.4

8.9 11.7 6.2

58.6 54.5 31.5

7.5 6.1 16.7

32.5 33.7 62.4

0.3 5.7

75.3 72.6

41.2 40.4 25.4

21.4 36.1 24.2

.. 136

.. 24 43

.. 14 8

.. 17.0 40.1

.. 2.5 2.9

.. 72.0 43.0

.. 6.6 18.0

.. 10.5

.. 0.4

..   25.1

..   15.0

27.6 8.9

124.9 49.1

..   5.0

472 974 64,899

0.8 2.0 2.4

20.7 33.0 20.7

12.9 33.0 15.6

.. -4.4   -0.6

.. .. ..

33.4 35.0 60.626.1 47.2 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

6.0 16.2 47.8

-11.7 19.2

2.5 6.3 5.5

68.9   73.5 36.8695   957 3,001

..   4.8

0.3 93.8 100.6

0.5 13.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

21The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

American Samoa

0.06 0.07 1,002

.. .. 458

5.1 .. 9.1

.. .. 7,502

.. .. 4.4

.. .. 6.2

.. .. 31.5

.. .. 16.7

.. .. 62.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 25.4

.. .. 24.2

.. ..

.. .. 43

.. .. 8

.. .. 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. .. 43.0

.. .. 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 64,899

.. .. 2.4

.. .. 20.7

.. .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

.. .. 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

.. ..   36.8

.. ..   3,001

.. ..

3.5   3.6 100.6

.. .. 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

22 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Andorra

.. 0.09 1,117

.. .. 547

.. .. 8.1

..   41,130 37,9904.6   5.9 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

..   76.6 111.2

..   70.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

23The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Angola

14.3 18.5 3,811

6.2 8.3 1,787

.. ..   5.3

410 3,750 2,3216.3 13.1 8.5

5.7 10.2 13.3

72.1 59.0 38.9

2.9 6.1 25.8

22.2 30.8 47.7

325.0 13.7

10.0 79.3

89.6 52.2 28.9

62.8 46.2 28.3

.. 163

.. 68 35

.. 8 8

.. 58.0 57.7

.. 6.2 3.3

.. 53.2 40.2

.. 24.6 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   7.1

..   14.8

..   2.1

..   60.2

..   5.1

68 354 41,477

9.6 2.9 2.0

15.1 14.8 34.9

8.9 2.4   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

2.2   26.0 107.613.9   20.2 54.9

10.6 ..   10.0

10.4 .. 5.1

2.0 21.2 92.9

-60.8 22.8

63.6 8.1 7.3

10.4 ..   36.386   189 1,318

..   7.6

0.2 43.8 57.8

0.1 3.3 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

24 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Antigua and Barbuda

0.08 0.09 1,002

.. .. 458

8.4 .. 9.1

7,960 12,130 7,5024.4 5.2 4.4

3.9 3.6 6.2

19.8 28.1 31.5

2.3 1.8 16.7

76.3 68.4 62.4

0.5 2.4

2.7 2.7

70.3 47.5 25.4

75.1 68.2 24.2

.. 64

.. 21 43

.. 8 8

.. 52.0 40.1

.. 3.0 2.9

.. 41.5 43.0

.. 26.0 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 64,899

6.5 11.4 2.4

48.1 75.8 20.7

24.9 .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

93.6 105.1 60.693.5 103.1 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

72.9 80.6 47.8

11.7 7.1

7.0 6.6 5.5

33.0 ..   36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

28.5 154.0 100.6

6.5 74.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

25The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Argentina

36.9 40.3 1,002

16.3 19.6 458

15.0 8.6 9.1

7,460 7,550 7,5022.7 5.4 4.4

5.0 7.5 6.2

27.6 31.8 31.5

17.5 21.2 16.7

67.4 60.7 62.4

-0.9 6.3

1.0 3.7

10.9 21.4 25.4

11.5 16.0 24.2

.. 115

.. 26 43

.. 14 8

.. 95.0 40.1

.. 2.8 2.9

.. 108.2 43.0

.. 2.8 18.0.. 11.9

.. 0.5

..   13.8

..   4.3

..   6.9

..   45.9

..   26.9

4,863 1,670 64,899

3.7 1.3 2.4

16.2 20.9 20.7

15.2   20.4 15.6

-5.7 -0.5 -0.6

.. .. ..

33.2 23.0 60.627.5 20.2 47.4

.. 13.3 9.7

16.0 3.0 4.2

23.9 13.5 47.8

9.9 5.2

2.7 4.1 5.5

29.4   30.0 36.82,085   2,789 3,001

..   1.1

17.6 128.8 100.6

7.0 30.4 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

26 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Armenia

3.1 3.1 3,811

1.5 1.6 1,787

35.9 28.6 5.3

660 3,100 2,3215.1 10.5 8.5

25.5 20.7 13.3

35.4 34.6 38.9

24.1 15.7 25.8

39.0 44.8 47.7

-0.8 3.4

539.5 363.3

23.4 12.0 28.9

50.5 36.5 28.3

.. 48

.. 15 35

.. 6 8

.. 13.0 57.7

.. 1.9 3.3

.. 40.7 40.2

.. 16.6 16.3.. 2.7

.. 1.3

1.9 10.3

33.7  13.3

5.3 31.9

2.3 16.3

12.6 26.9

33 199 41,477

5.5 8.9 2.0

18.4 30.8 34.9

15.9 25.6   19.9

.. -7.5   -2.3

.. .. ..

11.6 24.6 107.68.9 17.4 54.9

14.3 21.0   10.0

17.5 4.8 5.1

9.9 23.1 92.9

33.4 17.1

13.5 10.1 7.3

96.8 90.5 36.31,295   1,578 1,318

.. 2.2

0.6 85.0 57.8

1.3 6.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

27The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Aruba

0.09 0.11 1,117

.. .. 547

6.9   5.7  8.1

.. .. 37,9904.4 .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

4.0 -2.1

1.8 1.8

69.9 .. 23.6

91.2 .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

-6.9 .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

46.1 57.0 140.047.9 63.6 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

45.2   57.0 165.1

7.7   9.8

5.9 7.4   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

16.5 120.2 111.2

15.4 22.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

28 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Australia

19.2 21.9 1,117

9.6 11.5 547

6.3 5.6 8.1

21,260 43,770 37,9904.4 3.3 2.0

3.5   2.5 1.5

26.9   29.1 25.0

13.2   10.5 15.9

69.6   68.4 73.5

4.5 1.8

1.7 1.3

19.3   19.8 23.6

21.3   21.6 23.9

.. 10

.. 2 18

.. 2 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 1.0 2.1

.. 47.9 38.6

.. 25.9 14.3..   90.0

..   6.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

3.3 2.4 2.0

24.1   27.1 18.0

.. .. ..

2.0 -2.4 -7.7

29.5 24.1 55.7

87.7 131.4 140.061.1 96.6 108.5

6.9 5.0 6.8

0.5 1.2 3.4

87.4 127.8 165.1

6.5 1.0

5.1 3.2   3.8

38.7  ..   93.410,194   11,217 9,518

.. ..

44.7 110.7 111.2

46.8 72.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

29The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Austria

8.0 8.4 1,117

3.9 4.3 547

3.5 4.8 8.1

25,840 46,450 37,9903.0 2.0 2.0

2.0 1.5   1.5

30.8 29.2   25.0

20.6 18.6   15.9

67.2 69.3   73.5

2.4 0.5

12.4 ..

46.4 50.5 23.6

44.7 46.0 23.9

.. 32

.. 28 18

.. 8 6

.. 2.0 37.9

.. 1.1 2.1

.. 55.5 38.6

.. 15.7 14.3.. 3.2

.. 0.6

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

4.5 2.3 2.0

24.0 21.1 18.0

.. .. ..

-2.0 -2.6 -7.7

65.9 70.7 55.7

125.1 139.7 140.080.8 100.8 108.5

5.2 7.0 6.8

2.4 2.3 3.4

103.1 126.9 165.1

5.2 ..

3.4 ..   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.47,109   8,218 9,518

.. ..

76.4 140.8 111.2

33.7 73.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

30 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Azerbaijan

8.0 8.8 1,002

3.5 4.2 458

16.3 6.1 9.1

610 4,840 7,5027.3 17.9 4.4

17.1 8.2 6.2

45.3 60.0 31.5

5.6   4.5 16.7

37.5 31.8 62.4

1.8 1.4

0.9 0.8

39.0 52.5 25.4

38.4 24.8 24.2

.. 54

.. 8 43

.. 6 8

.. 22.0 40.1

.. 2.7 2.9

.. 40.9 43.0

.. 13.8 18.0.. 5.3

.. 0.9

3.0 3.0

61.1 43.2

4.6 19.0

6.0 9.7

12.1 18.2

61 208 64,899

2.5 1.1 2.4

23.1 21.9 20.7

20.1 9.4 15.6

..   0.4 -0.6

.. .. ..

10.5 24.7 60.610.6 12.3 47.4

.. .. 9.7

28.0 .. 4.2

5.9 19.6 47.8

6.4 44.2

6.8 7.8 5.5

..   50.6 36.82,040   2,317 3,001

.. 2.9

5.2 88.3 100.6

0.1 42.0 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

31The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Bahamas, The

0.30 0.34 1,117

0.16 0.19 547

6.9 14.2 8.1

17,040   21,390 37,9905.5   1.3 2.0

2.0   1.6 1.5

19.3   19.7 25.0

5.4   4.5 15.9

78.7   78.7 73.5

1.6 2.1

1.0 1.0

43.3   45.3 23.6

51.9   68.1 23.9

.. 77

.. 31 18

.. 7 6

.. 26.0 37.9

.. 5.0 2.1

.. 46.1 38.6

.. 0.0 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

4.5   9.9 2.0

33.8   37.8 18.0

.. .. ..

0.4   -1.1 -7.7

27.4   34.1 55.7

70.2   97.4 140.059.7   75.2 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

65.5   86.0 165.1

3.0   3.1

1.9 1.7   3.8

57.4 ..   93.4.. ..   9,518

.. ..

10.3 105.0 111.2

4.3 33.9 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

32 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Bahrain

0.65 0.79 1,117

0.30 0.37 547

5.5 .. 8.1

10,740   25,420 37,9904.3   6.6 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

-0.7 2.8

0.4 0.4

89.4   96.8 23.6

64.4   74.3 23.9

.. 28

.. 9 18

.. 7 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 2.5 2.1

.. 15.0 38.6

.. 0.0 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

4.6 1.2 2.0

13.5   31.9 18.0

.. .. ..

8.5   6.4 -7.7

29.3   14.7  55.7

56.8 95.2 140.067.1 87.2 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

46.1 79.6 165.1

-2.4   -3.0

5.8 6.4   3.8

77.6   81.5 93.48,831   13,144 9,518

.. ..

31.6 199.4 111.2

6.2 82.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

33The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

South Asia Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Bangladesh

140.8 162.2 846

62.8 78.6 384

3.3   4.3 ..

350 580 5095.2 5.9 5.4

25.5 18.7 26.1

25.3 28.7 24.4

15.2 17.9 12.4

49.2 52.6 49.5

2.2 5.4

52.1 69.0

14.0 19.4 23.2

19.2 26.6 35.9

.. 107

.. 19 41

.. 7 8

.. 104.0 71.0

.. 4.0 3.7

.. 35.0 76.5

.. 25.7 24.8.. ..

.. ..

3.7 3.2

85.8 54.4

56.5 24.7  

79.6 50.3

..   7.8

93 437 4,779

0.6 0.8 2.7

23.0 24.4 22.9

15.6 19.7 15.8

-0.7  -1.7   -1.4

36.2 36.2 ..

32.4 58.2   31.829.8 48.1   30.6

3.5   6.5 ..

34.9   11.2 ..

24.7 41.5 26.3

13.4 7.6

6.9 6.4   11.5

9.5   9.5 12.095   208 231

..   101.6

0.2 31.1 26.6

0.1 0.4 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

34 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Barbados

0.25 0.26 1,117

0.14 0.15 547

9.3   8.1 8.1

9,670 .. 37,9903.7 .. 2.0

4.3   3.8 1.5

16.3   18.4 25.0

6.4   7.3 15.9

79.4   77.9 73.5

2.4 3.6

2.0 2.0

50.5 60.6 23.6

57.0 64.6 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

0.8 8.3 2.0

18.4 22.4 18.0

16.2   24.0 ..

..   -5.6 -7.7

..   92.7  55.7

68.7   114.1 140.063.1   130.3 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

57.3 102.9 165.1

9.4 ..

5.2 6.3   3.8

98.6   100.0 93.4.. ..   9,518

.. ..

11.3 131.7 111.2

4.0   56.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

35The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Belarus

10.0 9.7 1,002

4.8 5.0 458

.. .. 9.1

1,380 5,560 7,5026.7 8.4 4.4

14.2 9.6 6.2

39.2 42.5 31.5

31.6 30.0 16.7

46.7 47.9 62.4

168.6 12.9

876.8 2,789.5

69.2 50.7 25.4

72.4 62.1 24.2

.. 68

.. 5 43

.. 5 8

.. 22.0 40.1

.. 5.8 2.9

.. 80.4 43.0

.. 22.0 18.0.. 5.5

.. 0.8

6.2 13.6

34.5 6.4

11.4 35.8

14.7 15.2

10.6 13.9

39 833 64,899

0.9 3.8 2.4

25.2 36.9 20.7

22.7   28.6 15.6

0.1 0.2   -0.6

15.0 18.1 ..

18.2 44.3 60.614.9 24.0 47.4

15.1 16.6 9.7

10.8 4.2 4.2

8.9 37.3 47.8

-41.2 7.5

30.1 1.0 5.5

95.6 88.6 36.82,989   3,427 3,001

..   1.4

0.5 100.2 100.6

1.9 45.9 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

36 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Belgium

10.3 10.8 1,117

4.4 4.8 547

6.6 7.9 8.1

25,400 45,270 37,9902.9 1.7 2.0

1.4 0.7   1.5

27.0 21.7   25.0

19.3 14.0   15.9

71.6 77.6   73.5

2.5 -0.1

36.3 ..

78.2 73.0 23.6

75.3 70.2 23.9

.. 25

.. 4 18

.. 3 6

.. 16.0 37.9

.. 0.9 2.1

.. 57.0 38.6

.. 4.8 14.3.. 29.5

.. 4.3

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

92.5 -8.2 2.0

21.1 21.3 18.0

.. .. ..

0.0 -5.1 -7.7

106.8 92.4 55.7

125.2 118.6 140.082.4 105.6 108.5

2.8 4.5 6.8

2.8 2.7 3.4

77.9 97.9 165.1

5.9   7.1

4.4   5.2 3.8

78.2   78.2 93.48,247   8,523 9,518

.. ..

54.9 115.1 111.2

29.3 75.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

37The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Belize

0.25 0.33 3,811

0.09 0.14 1,787

9.1 8.2 5.3

3,110   3,740 2,3215.8 4.2 8.5

16.7   12.2 13.3

21.2   22.8 38.9

10.9   14.3 25.8

62.1   65.1 47.7

0.6 -1.1

2.0 2.0

53.0   62.1 28.9

73.7   70.0 28.3

.. 99

.. 44 35

.. 9 8

.. 24.0 57.7

.. 1.0 3.3

.. 33.2 40.2

.. 24.7 16.3.. 0.5

.. 3.0

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

18 22 41,477

2.8 7.0 2.0

28.7   25.5 34.9

.. ..   19.9

-2.9 ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

46.7 69.6 107.648.0 71.6 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

40.8 65.9 92.9

15.5 14.5

8.3 5.7 7.3

17.0 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. ..

6.7 48.6 57.8

6.0 10.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

38 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Benin

6.7 8.9 846

2.7 3.7 384

0.7  .. ..

360 750 5095.3 4.0 5.4

36.5   32.2 26.1

13.9   13.4 24.4

8.8   7.5 12.4

49.6   54.4 49.5

4.2 2.2

712.0 472.2

15.2 13.8 23.2

28.1 28.2 35.9

.. 170

.. 31 41

.. 7 8

.. 36.0 71.0

.. 4.0 3.7

.. 66.0 76.5

.. 14.8 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 20.7

.. 26.8

.. 4.2

.. 86.8

.. 7.3

90 127 4,779

2.6 1.4 2.7

18.9 25.0 22.9

11.3 15.4 15.8

0.7  -4.5   -1.4

.. .. ..

13.1   20.2 31.815.6   21.8 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

12.1 22.2 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

20.0 9.5 12.060   76 231

.. 13.9

0.8 56.3 26.6

0.2 2.2 2.7

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41The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Bolivia

8.3 9.9 3,811

3.6 4.5 1,787

4.8   5.2 5.3

1,000 1,630 2,3213.5 4.1 8.5

15.0 13.8 13.3

29.8 36.2 38.9

15.3 14.4 25.8

55.2 49.9 47.7

4.6 3.3

6.2 7.0

18.3 35.7 28.9

27.3 32.9 28.3

.. 149

.. 50 35

.. 15 8

.. ..a 57.7

.. 1.8 3.3

.. 80.0 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. 2.5

.. 0.4

..   13.5

..   19.6

..   22.2

..   15.2

..   13.8

323 37 41,477

8.8 2.4 2.0

17.9 16.5 34.9

12.8 6.6   19.9

-8.7 1.2 -2.3

.. .. ..

61.0   33.5 107.646.1   38.8 54.9

9.8 8.7   10.0

10.3 3.5 5.1

58.7 37.0 92.9

27.9 15.1

23.6 8.9 7.3

6.6   7.0 36.3421   561 1,318

..   0.8

7.0 72.5 57.8

1.4 11.2 17.2

Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

42 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Bosnia and Herzegovina

3.7 3.8 1,002

1.8 1.9 458

..   23.9 9.1

1,510 4,700 7,50225.2 5.0 4.4

10.6 8.0 6.2

23.0 28.1 31.5

10.1 12.9 16.7

66.4 63.9 62.4

.. -0.4

2.1 1.4

28.7 33.4 25.4

75.5 58.0 24.2

.. 110

.. 55 43

.. 12 8

.. 31.0 40.1

.. 3.3 2.9

.. 23.0 43.0

.. 5.3 18.0.. 1.9

.. 0.6

7.8 11.2

65.2 1.5

25.8 59.7

4.3 50.2

13.9 30.1

.. 64 64,899

2.7 1.4 2.4

20.6 19.7 20.7

10.0 13.3 15.6

.. -4.3   -0.6

.. .. ..

40.9 50.8 60.66.8 13.6 47.4

20.1 15.2 9.7

9.9 5.9 4.2

37.4 57.3 47.8

1.3 7.9

15.8 4.3 5.5

52.3 52.3 36.82,062   2,467 3,001

.. 3.2

2.5 86.5 100.6

1.1 37.7 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

43The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Botswana

1.7 1.9 1,002

0.80 1.00 458

15.8   17.6 9.1

3,180 6,260 7,5027.8 4.4 4.4

2.7 3.1 6.2

52.6 39.6 31.5

4.5 4.2 16.7

44.7 57.3 62.4

8.6 8.0

5.1 7.2

53.3 33.6 25.4

41.2 44.6 24.2

.. 52

.. 61 43

.. 10 8

.. 90.0 40.1

.. 1.7 2.9

.. 19.5 43.0

.. 15.9 18.0.. ..

.. ..

..   5.0

..   4.5

..   11.3

..   25.5

..   12.7 

17 86 64,899

1.0 2.1 2.4

25.8 28.2 20.7

14.7 8.9 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

16.7 26.9 60.623.4 44.7 47.4

10.3 .. 9.7

1.7 .. 4.2

15.1 25.5 47.8

15.4 20.6

6.1 6.3 5.5

35.3 32.6 36.8924   1,503 3,001

..   1.7 

12.9 96.1 100.6

2.9 6.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

44 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Brazil

174.2 193.7 1,002

83.4 101.5 458

9.3 8.3 9.1

3,870 8,070 7,5021.7 3.6 4.4

5.6 6.1 6.2

27.7 25.4 31.5

17.2 15.8 16.7

66.7 68.5 62.4

7.0 4.9

1.8 2.0

10.0 11.1 25.4

11.7 11.2 24.2

.. 127

.. 120 43

.. 15 8

.. 46.0 40.1

.. 4.0 2.9

.. 69.0 43.0

.. 21.4 18.0.. 315.6

.. 2.4

.. 18.7

.. 16.4

.. 48.4

.. 36.8

.. 25.7

21,032 39,176 64,899

5.1 1.6 2.4

16.8 16.9 20.7

.. 14.4 15.6

-1.8 -3.5   -0.6

.. 61.0 ..

66.9 89.4 60.644.3 66.4 47.4

12.1 9.5 9.7

8.3 4.2 4.2

31.7 54.0 47.8

47.7 36.8

39.6 35.4 5.5

5.5 ..   36.81,894   2,232 3,001

.. 2.7

13.3 89.8 100.6

2.9 39.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

45The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Brunei Darussalam

0.33 0.40 1,117

0.15 0.20 547

.. .. 8.1

14,670   27,050 37,9901.0   2.1 2.0

1.0   0.7 1.5

63.7   71.0 25.0

15.4   10.4 15.9

35.3   28.3 73.5

1.6 1.0

1.7 1.5

67.4   67.7  23.6

35.8   27.8 23.9

.. 112

.. 105 18

.. 15 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 2.5 2.1

.. 29.8 38.6

.. 24.2 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

1.1 0.8 2.0

13.0   13.0 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

69.9 33.8 140.0111.3 71.8 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

50.3   37.4 165.1

-18.2   4.5

.. 4.8   3.8

34.7   77.2 93.47,539   8,308 9,518

.. ..

28.5 106.7 111.2

9.0 79.8 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

46 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Bulgaria

8.1 7.6 1,002

3.6 3.6 458

16.2 6.8 9.1

1,640 6,060 7,5020.7 5.4 4.4

13.6 5.6 6.2

25.9 30.3 31.5

17.6 15.4 16.7

60.6 64.1 62.4

10.3 2.8

2.1 1.4

50.5 47.8 25.4

55.8 55.8 24.2

.. 51

.. 18 43

.. 4 8

.. 9.0 40.1

.. 3.3 2.9

.. 29.0 43.0

.. 4.6 18.0.. 35.5

.. 7.2

2.6 10.6

53.4 6.6

19.2 34.7

5.0 44.8

14.7  19.9

157 810 64,899

7.8 9.4 2.4

15.8 24.4 20.7

11.8 19.4 15.6

-0.4 -0.1   -0.6

.. .. ..

15.5 78.5 60.622.7 57.5 47.4

15.3 10.8 9.7

17.3 6.4 4.2

12.3 75.6 47.8

4.4 7.0

8.2 5.2 5.5

92.1 98.4 36.83,724   4,594 3,001

.. 3.7

9.2 140.0 100.6

5.3 44.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

47The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Burkina Faso

11.7 15.8 846

5.2 7.1 384

2.4 .. ..

250 510 5096.8 5.4 5.4

29.0   33.3 26.1

24.4   22.4 24.4

16.2   13.6 12.4

46.6   44.4 49.5

-0.3 2.6

712.0 472.2

9.1   11.5 23.2

25.2   26.8 35.9

.. 151

.. 14 41

.. 4 8

.. 34.0 71.0

.. 4.0 3.7

.. 44.9 76.5

.. 16.1 24.8.. 0.6

.. 0.1

.. 22.2

.. 6.7

.. 25.6

.. 23.1

.. 14.4

27 193 4,779

0.9 2.1 2.7

18.7   20.8 22.9

11.0   11.1 15.8

-3.6 -4.8   -1.4

.. .. ..

12.9   17.4 31.813.1   16.3 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

11.7 17.5 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

16.0 4.2 12.0.. ..   231

.. 10.8

0.2 20.9 26.6

0.1 1.1 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

48 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Burundi

6.5 8.3 846

3.1 4.6 384

.. .. ..

120 150 509-0.7 3.0 5.4

40.4   34.8 26.1

18.8   20.0 24.4

8.7   8.8 12.4

40.8   45.1 49.5

24.3 11.0

720.7 1,230.2

7.8   10.7  23.2

19.9   47.0 35.9

.. 181

.. 32 41

.. 11 8

.. 26.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 153.4 76.5

.. 19.4 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   5.7 

..   22.6

..   12.3

..   24.1

..   7.1

36   6 4,779

1.6 0.0 2.7

6.1   16.4 22.9

0.8   1.7  15.8

-2.4 ..   -1.4

162.6 .. ..

20.4 24.2   31.814.5 31.5   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

25.0 21.7 26.3

2.3 0.4

.. ..   11.5

7.1   10.4 12.0.. ..   231

..   12.0

0.3 10.1 26.6

0.1 0.8 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

49The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Cambodia

12.8 14.8 846

5.9 7.8 384

2.5 .. ..

280 650 5097.3 9.0 5.4

37.8 35.3 26.1

23.0 22.6 24.4

16.9 15.0 12.4

39.1 42.0 49.5

-0.8 -0.7

3,840.8 4,139.3

49.8 59.6 23.2

61.8 62.7 35.9

.. 147

.. 85 41

.. 9 8

.. 39.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 22.5 76.5

.. 18.9 24.8.. 2.0

.. 0.2

..   5.6

..   60.3

..   11.3

..   15.5

..   2.8

2 231 4,779

4.1 5.1 2.7

18.3 20.0 22.9

11.9 11.3 15.8

-3.4 -2.3   -1.4

.. .. ..

6.4   17.5 31.89.5   26.5 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

6.4 24.5 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

7.5 6.3 12.029   113 231

..   27.0

1.0 37.8 26.6

0.0 0.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

50 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Cameroon

15.9 19.5 3,811

6.0 7.7 1,787

7.5 2.9 5.3

620 1,190 2,3214.8 3.3 8.5

22.1   19.5 13.3

36.0   30.6 38.9

20.8   16.5 25.8

41.8   49.9 47.7

1.2 3.0

712.0 472.2

23.3 26.6 28.9

19.7 30.9 28.3

.. 168

.. 19 35

.. 6 8

.. 33.0 57.7

.. 3.2 3.3

.. 49.1 40.2

.. 29.9 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 7.0

.. 30.8

.. 31.4

.. 17.6

.. 20.4

95 278 41,477

1.6 1.5 2.0

16.0   17.1 34.9

13.9 12.4   19.9

0.1 ..   -2.3

91.7  .. ..

12.1   11.5 107.611.1   14.6 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

8.2 11.3 92.9

18.6   12.7 

17.0   10.8 7.3

8.1   8.4 36.3171   263 1,318

.. 10.5

0.7 37.9 57.8

0.3 3.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

52 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Cape Verde

0.44 0.51 3,811

0.16 0.21 1,787

.. ..   5.3

1,310 3,010 2,3216.6 6.4 8.5

12.0 9.2 13.3

17.9 20.1 38.9

9.3 6.7 25.8

70.2 70.7 47.7

-2.5 1.0

119.7 79.4

27.5 23.6 28.9

61.4 65.4 28.3

.. 132

.. 11 35

.. 8 8

.. 93.0 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. 37.1 40.2

.. 17.8 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 4.3

.. 1.1

.. 35.3

.. 30.5

.. 15.9

.. 23 41,477

6.3 7.7 2.0

19.7 53.8 34.9

7.2 42.7   19.9

.. -3.8   -2.3

.. .. ..

51.3   60.8 107.654.4   73.6 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

40.7 64.0 92.9

13.3 6.9

7.6 8.1 7.3

69.0 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 4.9

4.5 77.5 57.8

1.8 29.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

53The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Cayman Islands

0.04 0.05 1,117

.. .. 547

7.5 4.0 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

0.8   0.8

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

26.6   84.0 111.2

.. 43.7 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

54 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Central African Republic

3.7 4.4 846

1.7 2.1 384

.. .. ..

270 450 5093.0 0.8 5.4

53.1 55.5 26.1

15.8 14.6 24.4

7.0   7.6 12.4

31.0 29.9 49.5

3.2 3.5

712.0 472.2

19.8 14.5 23.2

24.1 22.4 35.9

.. 182

.. 22 41

.. 8 8

.. 22.0 71.0

.. 4.8 3.7

.. 203.8 76.5

.. 176.8 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 6 4,779

0.1 2.1 2.7

9.5 10.6 22.9

4.8 6.9 15.8

..   -0.5 -1.4

.. .. ..

7.6   8.9 31.83.4   5.4 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

4.5 7.0 26.3

18.3   12.2

17.0   10.8 11.5

2.7  ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. ..

0.1 3.8 26.6

0.1 0.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

55The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Chad

8.4 11.2 846

3.3 4.3 384

.. .. ..

180 600 5093.1 10.2 5.4

42.3   13.6 26.1

11.3   48.8 24.4

8.9   6.6 12.4

46.3   37.5 49.5

3.8 10.0

712.0 472.2

16.9 42.1 23.2

34.7 70.1 35.9

.. 183

.. 75 41

.. 13 8

.. 36.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 65.4 76.5

.. 31.3 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 20.8

.. 21.2

.. 4.2

.. 10.6

.. 43.3

5 68 4,779

8.3 6.8 2.7

20.9 32.7 22.9

10.5 21.8 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

5.7 7.0   31.83.9 5.9   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

3.5 5.2 26.3

15.9   9.4

17.0   10.8 11.5

0.8 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. 22.6

0.1 24.0 26.6

0.0 1.7 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

56 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Channel Islands

0.15 0.15 1,117

.. .. 547

.. .. 8.1

43,020   68,610 37,990..   0.5 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

.. .. 111.2

.. .. 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

57The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Chile

15.4 17.0 1,002

6.1 7.5 458

9.2 9.7 9.1

4,840 9,470 7,5023.8 4.1 4.4

6.1 3.3 6.2

38.4 42.1 31.5

19.5 12.7 16.7

55.5 54.6 62.4

.. ..

539.6 560.9

31.6 38.1 25.4

29.7 30.4 24.2

.. 43

.. 22 43

.. 8 8

.. 52.0 40.1

.. 4.5 2.9

.. 25.0 43.0

.. 18.0 18.0..   23.5

..   2.1

..   9.0

..   7.6

..   29.1

..   22.9

..   22.0

2,051 2,331 64,899

6.5 7.8 2.4

20.7 21.4 20.7

..   18.2 15.6

-0.7 -4.5   -0.6

.. .. ..

64.7 79.6 60.650.9 55.2 47.4

7.5 7.4 9.7

1.7 3.0 4.2

73.6 97.5 47.8

9.8 2.9

5.6 5.2 5.5

18.4 ..   36.82,487   3,319 3,001

..   1.7 

22.1 96.9 100.6

16.6 34.0 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

58 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

China

1,262.6 1,331.5 3,811

726.0 783.2 1,787

3.1 4.3   5.3

930 3,650 2,3218.5 10.9 8.5

15.1 10.3 13.3

45.9 46.3 38.9

32.1 33.9 25.8

39.0 43.4 47.7

0.3 -0.7

8.3 6.8

23.3 26.7 28.9

20.9 22.3 28.3

.. 79

.. 38 35

.. 14 8

.. 91.0 57.7

.. 1.7 3.3

.. 63.5 40.2

.. 6.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   18.3

..   38.7 

..   28.8

..   27.8

..   35.9

8,131 6,120 41,477

3.2 1.6 2.0

34.1 45.6 34.9

7.5   19.8 19.9

-2.6 -2.1 -2.3

11.6 .. ..

120.2 138.3 107.639.0 53.7 54.9

4.1 5.6   10.0

22.4 1.6 5.1

112.3 127.3 92.9

3.7 6.0

3.6 3.1 7.3

..   53.5 36.3993   2,455 1,318

.. ..

6.8 56.1 57.8

1.8 28.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

59The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Colombia

39.8 45.7 1,002

15.1 19.0 458

16.6 12.0 9.1

2,350 4,990 7,5020.8 4.5 4.4

8.9 7.5 6.2

29.5 34.4 31.5

15.5 14.3 16.7

61.6 58.1 62.4

9.2 4.2

2,087.9 2,166.8

16.4 16.3 25.4

16.7 18.3 24.2

.. 39

.. 14 43

.. 9 8

.. 59.0 40.1

.. 3.0 2.9

.. 78.7 43.0

.. 17.7 18.0.. 31.1

.. 1.1

..   14.3

..   1.1

..   30.6

..   26.4

..   5.9

1,032 1,042 64,899

2.4 3.1 2.4

14.3 20.5 20.7

.. .. 15.6

-5.8 -4.0   -0.6

.. 59.3 ..

27.1 37.2 60.622.4 18.1 47.4

11.2 13.6 9.7

11.0 4.1 4.2

20.9 29.9 47.8

-10.3 7.7

6.6 6.9 5.5

14.4 ..   36.8844   974 3,001

..   1.0

5.7 92.3 100.6

2.2 45.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

60 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Comoros

0.54 0.66 846

0.25 0.32 384

.. .. ..

400 810 5091.7 1.9 5.4

48.6 46.3 26.1

11.5 12.1 24.4

4.5 4.3 12.4

39.9   38.0 49.5

.. ..

534.0 354.1

16.7 14.7 23.2

32.5 48.2 35.9

.. 159

.. 24 41

.. 11 8

.. 100.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 217.9 76.5

.. 31.4 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

..   0.5 4,779

0.0 1.7 2.7

10.1 12.4 22.9

6.2 7.7 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

9.0 16.1   31.85.9 23.2   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

11.9 16.0 26.3

8.3 5.7

9.0 8.6   11.5

76.5 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. ..

0.0 15.2 26.6

0.3 3.7 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

61The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Congo, Dem. Rep.

50.8 66.0 846

18.6 24.9 384

.. .. ..

80 160 509-3.8 5.2 5.4

50.0 42.9 26.1

20.3 24.0 24.4

4.8 5.5 12.4

29.7 33.0 49.5

513.9   17.3

21.8 809.8

22.4 9.6 23.2

21.4 21.7 35.9

.. 175

.. 84 41

.. 10 8

.. 31.0 71.0

.. 5.2 3.7

.. 339.7 76.5

.. 58.9 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 29.4

.. 54.4

.. 6.7

.. 48.0

.. 8.5

41 151 4,779

1.7 9.0 2.7

3.5 29.8 22.9

3.0 6.1 15.8

-4.0 ..   -1.4

152.2 .. ..

3.8 7.3   31.89.2 11.3   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

0.7  7.5 26.3

.. 27.0

.. 49.5   11.5

..   1.8 12.089   95 231

.. 21.8

0.0 15.4 26.6

0.0 0.6 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

62 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Congo, Rep.

3.0 3.7 3,811

1.3 1.6 1,787

.. ..   5.3

580 2,080 2,3211.9 4.0 8.5

5.3 4.5 13.3

72.2 71.1 38.9

3.5 4.5 25.8

22.5 24.4 47.7

-0.9 5.0

712.0 472.2

80.3 71.9 28.9

43.6 50.9 28.3

.. 177

.. 160 35

.. 10 8

.. 33.0 57.7

.. 3.3 3.3

.. 65.5 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 6.0

.. 37.1

.. 7.7

.. 8.5

.. 19.6

35 110 41,477

5.2 21.7 2.0

20.9 24.3 34.9

14.0 13.5   19.9

1.9   19.5 -2.3

283.7  .. ..

6.4   3.6 107.68.6   10.2 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

4.8 4.8 92.9

-17.0   14.4

17.0   10.8 7.3

9.7   7.1 36.399   150 1,318

.. 25.3

2.3 58.9 57.8

0.0 6.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

63The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Costa Rica

3.9 4.6 1,002

1.6 2.1 458

5.2   4.9 9.1

3,700 6,260 7,5025.7 5.1 4.4

9.5 7.1 6.2

32.1 27.2 31.5

25.3 19.0 16.7

58.5 65.7 62.4

11.0 7.8

308.2 573.3

48.6 43.3 25.4

45.8 42.1 24.2

.. 125

.. 60 43

.. 12 8

.. 29.0 40.1

.. 3.5 2.9

.. 55.0 43.0

.. 18.9 18.0.. 26.8

.. 8.8

..   9.6

..   0.0

..   14.9

..   48.6

..   10.5

161 110 64,899

2.6 4.6 2.4

17.8 26.7 20.7

16.3 24.6 15.6

.. -3.4   -0.6

.. .. ..

27.8 54.4 60.614.1 23.0 47.4

10.8 13.9 9.7

3.5 2.0 4.2

24.0 49.4 47.8

16.7 9.9

11.5 12.8 5.5

22.0   25.3 36.81,519   1,866 3,001

.. ..

5.4 42.6 100.6

5.8 34.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

64 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Côte d’Ivoire

17.3 21.1 3,811

6.7 8.4 1,787

4.1 ..   5.3

620 1,070 2,3213.4 0.8 8.5

24.2 24.4 13.3

24.9 25.2 38.9

21.7 18.0 25.8

50.9 50.4 47.7

2.5 1.0

712.0 472.2

40.4 41.7 28.9

33.3 33.8 28.3

.. 169

.. 40 35

.. 10 8

.. 49.0 57.7

.. 2.2 3.3

.. 44.4 40.2

.. 8.8 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 1.8

.. 13.6

.. 13.9

.. 20.9

.. 4.3

215 318 41,477

2.3 1.6 2.0

11.2 11.2 34.9

8.4 8.3   19.9

.. 0.9   -2.3

..   96.4 ..

19.4   19.3 107.613.5   17.4 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

15.5 17.1 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

9.7   7.9 36.3166   186 1,318

.. 3.8

2.7 63.3 57.8

0.2 4.6 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

66 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Cuba

11.1 11.2 1,002

4.8 5.0 458

5.4   1.6 9.1

2,630   5,550 7,5024.0   6.7  4.4

8.4   5.0 6.2

27.9   20.0 31.5

17.7   9.6 16.7

63.7   74.9 62.4

.. ..

.. ..

14.1   20.0 25.4

16.9   18.2 24.2

.. ..

.. .. 43

.. .. 8

.. .. 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. .. 43.0

.. .. 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

600   60 64,899

.. .. 2.4

11.9   9.7  20.7

.. .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

.. .. 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

49.0 ..   36.81,142   1,327 3,001

.. ..

0.1 4.0 100.6

0.5 14.3 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

69The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Denmark

5.3 5.5 1,117

2.9 3.0 547

4.5 6.0 8.1

31,850 59,060 37,9902.8 1.2 2.0

2.6 0.9   1.5

26.8 22.5   25.0

16.2 13.1   15.9

70.6 76.6   73.5

2.9 1.3

8.1 5.4

46.6 47.8 23.6

40.5 44.0 23.9

.. 6

.. 6 18

.. 4 6

.. .. 37.9

.. 1.1 2.1

.. 29.2 38.6

.. 21.9 14.3.. 16.5

.. 4.6

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

22.5 0.9 2.0

20.2 18.1 18.0

.. .. ..

1.6 -2.1 -7.7

53.3 41.0 55.7

146.2 236.0 140.035.4 59.4 108.5

6.2 5.7   6.8

0.7 0.3 3.4

135.3 231.6 165.1

4.9 ..

4.9 ..   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.46,485   6,460 9,518

.. ..

63.0 133.9 111.2

39.2 85.9 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

70 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Djibouti

0.73 0.86 3,811

0.30 0.39 1,787

59.5 ..   5.3

760 1,280 2,321-0.2 4.0 8.5

3.5   3.9 13.3

15.4   16.9 38.9

2.6   2.5 25.8

81.1   79.3 47.7

1.7  1.7

177.7 177.7

35.1   57.1 28.9

50.4   77.1 28.3

.. 158

.. 37 35

.. 11 8

.. 56.0 57.7

.. 5.0 3.3

.. 38.7 40.2

.. 17.7 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

50   396 41,477

0.6 9.2 2.0

8.8   37.5 34.9

6.1   25.2 19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

36.2 32.5 107.647.6 78.9 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

32.1 29.3 92.9

-2.3   1.9

8.6 9.4 7.3

45.0 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. ..

0.0 14.9 57.8

0.2 3.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

71The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Dominica

0.07 0.07 1,002

.. .. 458

11.0 .. 9.1

3,200 4,900 7,5022.2 2.9 4.4

18.1 19.5 6.2

23.5 23.2 31.5

8.8 4.2 16.7

58.4 57.3 62.4

0.9 0.1

2.7 2.7

53.3 38.4 25.4

67.5 65.5 24.2

.. 88

.. 14 43

.. 5 8

.. 58.0 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. 37.0 43.0

.. 25.9 18.0.. 0.2

.. 3.3

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

19 5 64,899

6.5 13.3 2.4

28.1 29.5 20.7

8.1   6.9 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

79.9 63.0 60.668.6 101.1 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

62.0 63.3 47.8

11.0 8.2

7.8 6.8 5.5

50.4 ..   36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

1.7 144.0 100.6

8.4 38.0 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

72 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Dominican Republic

8.8 10.1 1,002

3.7 4.5 458

14.2   14.2 9.1

2,550 4,550 7,5027.0 5.5 4.4

7.2 6.2 6.2

35.9 32.5 31.5

26.1 24.5 16.7

56.8 61.3 62.4

7.7 1.4

16.4 36.0

37.0 22.2 25.4

45.9 30.3 24.2

.. 91

.. 19 43

.. 8 8

.. 88.0 40.1

.. 3.5 2.9

.. 40.7 43.0

.. 20.5 18.0.. 12.9

.. 2.1

..   8.8

..   17.3

..   12.5

..   30.2

..   9.6

1,076 740 64,899

4.0 4.4 2.4

20.5 14.7 20.7

.. 0.0 15.6

..   -3.8 -0.6

.. .. ..

31.1 23.6 60.625.5 19.6 47.4

9.4 9.1 9.7

2.6 4.0 4.2

29.0 21.3 47.8

18.6 14.7

9.1 10.3 5.5

49.4 ..   36.8709   1,377 3,001

.. ..

8.0 85.5 100.6

3.7 26.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

73The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Ecuador

12.3 13.6 3,811

4.8 5.9 1,787

9.0 6.5   5.3

1,340 3,970 2,3210.7 5.0 8.5

.. 6.2 13.3

.. 23.2 38.9

.. 9.9 25.8

.. 70.6 47.7

96.1 5.2

11,786.8 ..

37.1 37.1 28.9

31.0 48.1 28.3

.. 130

.. 56 35

.. 13 8

.. 135.0 57.7

.. 5.3 3.3

.. 35.3 40.2

.. 18.4 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   17.3

..   11.3

..   24.0

..   23.3

..   18.2

20 259 41,477

-0.1 0.6 2.0

20.5 28.2 34.9

15.6 -10.8   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

12.9 7.7   10.0

31.0 2.9 5.1

29.9 25.3 92.9

26.0   6.3

8.3   7.1 7.3

18.9   14.8 36.3654   1,137 1,318

..   2.5

3.9 100.1 57.8

1.5 15.1 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

74 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Egypt, Arab Rep.

70.2 83.0 3,811

21.7 27.4 1,787

9.0 9.4   5.3

1,390 2,070 2,3215.2 4.9 8.5

16.7 13.7 13.3

33.1 37.3 38.9

19.4 16.0 25.8

50.1 49.0 47.7

2.7 11.8

3.5 5.5

16.2 25.0 28.9

22.8 31.9 28.3

.. 94

.. 7 35

.. 6 8

.. 132.0 57.7

.. 4.2 3.3

.. 42.6 40.2

.. 13.2 16.3..   6.3

..   0.1

..   8.8

..   5.3

..   5.6

..   92.4

..   21.1

864 1,791 41,477

1.2 3.6 2.0

18.9 19.0 34.9

9.1 10.9   19.9

-6.7  -6.6   -2.3

.. 79.5 ..

77.1 63.7 107.667.6 71.2 54.9

5.6 6.4   10.0

13.6 13.4 5.1

52.0 36.2 92.9

7.9 1.0

3.8 5.5 7.3

78.1   86.9 36.3958   1,425 1,318

..   1.1

1.9 66.7 57.8

0.6 20.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

75The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

El Salvador

5.9 6.2 3,811

2.3 2.5 1,787

7.0   5.9 5.3

2,110 3,370 2,3213.3 2.6 8.5

10.5 12.5 13.3

31.6 27.5 38.9

24.7 21.4 25.8

57.9 60.1 47.7

2.3 1.1

8.8 8.8

27.4 22.3 28.9

42.4 37.8 28.3

.. 86

.. 17 35

.. 8 8

.. 86.0 57.7

.. 4.0 3.3

.. 35.0 40.2

.. 17.0 16.3.. 4.4

.. 1.2

..   9.2

..   2.6

..   17.3

..   22.1

..   11.0

277 87 41,477

1.3 2.0 2.0

16.9 13.1 34.9

14.2 10.6   19.9

-4.7  -5.0   -2.3

55.3 48.5 ..

5.5 5.1 107.64.9 4.8 54.9

8.8 13.2   10.0

4.3 3.6 5.1

45.2 41.3 92.9

10.5 ..

4.6 .. 7.3

19.8 ..   36.3680   953 1,318

..   2.3

12.5 122.8 57.8

1.2 14.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

76 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Equatorial Guinea

0.53 0.68 1,117

0.19 0.26 547

.. .. 8.1

1,250 12,420 37,99036.0 16.8 2.0

9.8 3.5   1.5

85.9 91.9   25.0

1.4 18.2   15.9

4.2 4.7   73.5

4.8   6.6

712.0 472.2

98.6 74.1 23.6

85.4 41.6 23.9

.. 164

.. 136 18

.. 20 6

.. 133.0 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. 59.5 38.6

.. 13.5 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

12.3 15.7 2.0

61.3 36.6 18.0

56.2 16.1 ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

3.3   2.9 140.03.7   6.5 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

3.0 7.7 165.1

-16.8   16.4

17.0   10.8 3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

0.9 65.8 111.2

0.1 2.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

77The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Eritrea

3.7 5.1 846

1.4 2.2 384

.. .. ..

170 320 5091.5 0.2 5.4

15.1 14.4 26.1

23.0 22.2 24.4

11.2 5.6 12.4

61.9 63.4 49.5

.. ..

9.6 15.4

15.1 4.5 23.2

81.8 20.3 35.9

.. 180

.. 84 41

.. 13 8

.. 69.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 84.5 76.5

.. 8.8 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 0.5

.. 0.0

.. 11.9

.. ..

.. 15.1

40 .. 4,779

4.4 0.0 2.7

23.8   10.6 22.9

5.0   1.2 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

32.5 16.6 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

21.8 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. 3.0

0.0 2.8 26.6

0.1 4.9 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

78 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Estonia

1.4 1.3 1,117

0.66 0.70 547

13.1 13.7 8.1

4,220 14,060 37,9905.8 5.9 2.0

4.8   2.9 1.5

27.5   29.1 25.0

17.7   16.7 15.9

67.6   68.0 73.5

4.0 -0.1

17.0 11.3

84.6 70.6 23.6

88.2 65.2 23.9

.. 17

.. 7 18

.. 5 6

.. 35.0 37.9

.. 3.0 2.1

.. 49.6 38.6

.. 8.0 14.3..   7.2

..   8.1

2.4 5.5

18.5 0.0

24.2 41.5

3.5 207.2

7.5 21.2

.. .. ..

6.8 9.2 2.0

25.7 21.8 18.0

22.9   31.0 ..

0.2 -1.3 -7.7

4.3 9.1 55.7

37.4 110.0 140.027.8 56.2 108.5

12.6 8.5 6.8

1.0 5.2 3.4

36.1 110.2 165.1

2.4 10.0

3.7 4.6   3.8

20.1   28.8 93.44,629   6,348 9,518

.. 1.2

40.7 203.0 111.2

28.6 72.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

79The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Ethiopia

65.5 82.8 846

29.0 40.0 384

8.2 20.5 ..

130 330 5093.5 8.5 5.4

49.9 50.7 26.1

12.4 10.7 24.4

5.5 4.0 12.4

37.8 38.6 49.5

0.7 8.5

8.2 11.8

12.0 10.6 23.2

24.0 28.8 35.9

.. 104

.. 9 41

.. 5 8

.. 40.0 71.0

.. 3.0 3.7

.. 31.1 76.5

.. 26.8 24.8.. 1.3

.. 0.0

2.1 3.8

..   4.4

31.0 11.0

..   44.2

2.3 4.2

.. 4 4,779

1.6 0.8 2.7

20.3 22.4 22.9

8.1 5.9 15.8

-4.2 -4.5 -1.4

84.2 .. ..

27.3   23.7 31.828.1   27.1 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

23.1   17.8 26.3

3.8   -17.2

4.9   3.3 11.5

12.0   13.7 12.023   42 231

..   5.0

0.0 4.9 26.6

0.0 0.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

80 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Faeroe Islands

0.05 0.05 1,117

.. .. 547

..   3.2 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

8.1 5.4

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

37.1 117.2 111.2

32.8 77.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

81The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Fiji

0.80 0.85 1,002

0.31 0.34 458

..   8.6 9.1

2,260 3,840 7,5022.2 1.4 4.4

17.1 13.2 6.2

22.3 17.9 31.5

14.0 14.0 16.7

60.6 68.8 62.4

1.1 3.7

2.1 2.0

65.2 47.1 25.4

70.3 61.7 24.2

.. 62

.. 46 43

.. 8 8

.. 22.0 40.1

.. 1.8 2.9

.. 39.3 43.0

.. 28.9 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. 4.4

.. 4.5

.. 37.1

.. 19.0

.. 22.9

3   90 64,899

0.0 2.0 2.4

15.4   20.9 20.7

10.2   18.2 15.6

..   -2.9 -0.6

.. .. ..

38.4   45.5 60.636.8   43.6 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

32.0 49.9 47.8

13.7 7.5

7.5 7.1 5.5

49.2 ..   36.8.. ..   3,001

.. 1.7

6.9 75.4 100.6

1.5 13.4 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

82 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Finland

5.2 5.3 1,117

2.7 2.7 547

9.7 8.2 8.1

25,430 45,940 37,9904.9 2.5 2.0

3.5 2.7   1.5

34.7 28.2   25.0

26.5 18.2   15.9

61.8 69.2   73.5

3.4 0.0

5.3 ..

43.6 37.4 23.6

34.5 34.9 23.9

.. 13

.. 14 18

.. 3 6

.. 26.0 37.9

.. 0.9 2.1

.. 44.6 38.6

.. 15.9 14.3.. 11.8

.. 3.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

7.5 0.0 2.0

20.0 19.5 18.0

.. .. ..

6.7   4.6 -7.7

55.2   36.2 55.7

55.6 98.3 140.046.1 62.6 108.5

6.3 6.4 6.8

0.6 0.7 3.4

53.2 94.4 165.1

2.9   3.2

4.0   2.7 3.8

62.0   65.5 93.415,286   16,350 9,518

.. ..

72.0 144.2 111.2

37.2 83.9 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)a

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

83The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

France

58.9 62.6 1,117

26.4 28.7 547

10.2 9.1 8.1

24,450 42,620 37,9902.9 1.5 2.0

2.8 1.7   1.5

22.9 18.8   25.0

16.0 10.6   15.9

74.3 79.4   73.5

1.7 0.1

5.9 ..

28.6 23.0 23.6

27.7 25.0 23.9

.. 26

.. 7 18

.. 5 6

.. 32.0 37.9

.. 1.9 2.1

.. 65.8 38.6

.. 8.2 14.3.. 128.9

.. 3.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

3.2 2.3 2.0

19.5 20.6 18.0

.. .. ..

-1.7 -7.3 -7.7

60.7 82.8 55.7

103.1 127.4 140.062.5 78.6 108.5

6.7 4.5 6.8

5.0 3.6 3.4

85.0 110.3 165.1

5.2   4.9

4.1   4.4 3.8

100.0   100.0 93.47,485   7,931 9,518

.. ..

49.3 95.1 111.2

14.4 71.3 72.3

a. Excludes the French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Reunion.

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

84 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

French Polynesia

0.24 0.27 1,117

0.10 0.11 547

11.7 11.7 8.1

16,080 .. 37,9903.5 .. 2.0

4.7 .. 1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

129.5   87.2

4.9 .. 23.6

24.2 .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

16.9 77.4 111.2

6.4 44.6 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

85The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Gabon

1.2 1.5 1,002

0.54 0.71 458

.. .. 9.1

3,080 7,370 7,5020.3 2.1 4.4

6.2 5.1 6.2

56.3 53.8 31.5

3.7 4.3 16.7

37.5 41.2 62.4

0.5 1.9

712.0 472.2

69.0 52.2 25.4

32.7 33.3 24.2

.. 156

.. 58 43

.. 9 8

.. 43.0 40.1

.. 5.0 2.9

.. 43.5 43.0

.. 18.4 18.0.. 3.5

.. 4.3

.. 2.8

.. 22.8

.. 6.3

.. 34.5

.. 18.6

12 91 64,899

-0.8 0.3 2.4

21.9 28.4 20.7

19.0 23.2 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

11.7   10.6 60.611.4   14.2 47.4

.. 16.2 9.7

6.6 9.8 4.2

8.7 10.1 47.8

-4.8   9.3

17.0   10.8 5.5

9.9   10.2 36.8876   1,158 3,001

.. 7.2

9.7 93.1 100.6

1.2 6.7 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

87The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Georgia

4.7 4.3 3,811

2.4 2.3 1,787

10.8   16.5 5.3

730 2,530 2,3215.6 7.4 8.5

21.9 9.6 13.3

22.4 21.4 38.9

9.1 11.6 25.8

55.7 69.0 47.7

4.0 1.7

2.0 1.7

23.0 29.5 28.9

39.7 49.0 28.3

.. 12

.. 3 35

.. 3 8

.. 4.0 57.7

.. 3.3 3.3

.. 15.3 40.2

.. 13.3 16.3.. 7.2

.. 2.3

11.0 2.1

81.2 8.4

25.9 38.2

1.9 11.4

16.8 16.0

49 154 41,477

4.3 6.1 2.0

25.4 14.4 34.9

24.5 6.4   19.9

-1.6 -7.8   -2.3

69.9 34.7 ..

7.5 32.1 107.65.2 19.1 54.9

30.5 18.3   10.0

11.6 6.3 5.1

8.7 31.2 92.9

26.8 28.1

22.6 15.2 7.3

93.4 94.1 36.31,353   1,678 1,318

..   3.3

4.1 66.6 57.8

0.5 30.5 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

88 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Germany

82.2 81.9 1,117

40.4 42.3 547

7.7 7.7 8.1

25,510 42,450 37,9902.0 1.0 2.0

1.3 0.8   1.5

30.3 26.5   25.0

22.9 19.1   15.9

68.5 72.7   73.5

1.5 0.3

1.8 ..

33.4 40.8 23.6

33.0 35.9 23.9

.. 22

.. 15 18

.. 9 6

.. 69.0 37.9

.. 1.2 2.1

.. 48.2 38.6

.. 23.0 14.3..   64.8

..   1.2

..   1.2

..   14.8

..   45.0

..   3.2

.. ..

.. .. ..

11.1 1.2 2.0

21.5 17.6 18.0

.. .. ..

1.4 -2.2 -7.7

37.8 47.2 55.7

145.2 132.2 140.090.8 117.2 108.5

4.2 4.8 6.8

4.7 3.3 3.4

118.6 112.3 165.1

10.4 ..

6.2 ..   3.8

..   100.0 93.46,636   7,149 9,518

.. ..

58.6 128.2 111.2

30.2 79.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

89The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Ghana

19.5 23.8 846

8.6 11.0 384

10.4 .. ..

330 1,190 5094.4 5.8 5.4

39.4 31.7 26.1

28.4 18.9 24.4

10.1 6.9 12.4

32.2 49.5 49.5

25.2 19.3

0.5 1.4

48.8 30.5 23.2

67.2 41.3 35.9

.. 67

.. 12 41

.. 7 8

.. 178.0 71.0

.. 1.9 3.7

.. 32.7 76.5

.. 18.1 24.8..   9.6

..   0.7 

..   4.0

..   18.1

..   16.0

..   24.4

..   6.8

10 847 4,779

3.3 6.4 2.7

23.1 19.6 22.9

12.7 11.6 15.8

-6.5 -5.6   -1.4

.. .. ..

14.5 ..   31.816.8 ..   30.6

11.8 17.0 ..

11.9 16.2 ..

14.0   15.9 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

29.6   14.9 12.0324   268 231

..   9.7 

0.7 63.4 26.6

0.2 5.4 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

90 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

0.03 0.03 1,117

.. .. 547

.. .. 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

0.7 0.6

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.44,325   5,349 9,518

.. ..

19.2 92.1 111.2

19.1 65.1 72.3

Gibraltar

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

91The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Greece

10.9 11.3 1,117

4.9 5.2 547

11.1 9.5 8.1

12,560 29,040 37,9903.5 3.6 2.0

6.6 3.1   1.5

21.0 17.5   25.0

11.1 10.1   15.9

72.5 79.3   73.5

3.2 1.2

365.4 ..

24.9 18.6 23.6

38.4 29.3 23.9

.. 109

.. 19 18

.. 15 6

.. 24.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 47.2 38.6

.. 13.9 14.3..   8.4

..   1.2

..   1.8

..   55.9

..   25.9

..   7.0

..   11.7 

.. .. ..

0.9 0.7 2.0

21.6 16.9 18.0

.. .. ..

-3.7 -15.2 -7.7

123.9 138.5 55.7

78.1 109.0 140.050.5 103.1 108.5

8.9 6.1 6.8

12.3 7.7 3.4

47.0 91.7 165.1

8.6   2.8

6.2   4.3 3.8

91.8 ..   93.44,539   5,723 9,518

.. ..

54.3 117.8 111.2

9.2 44.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

92 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Greenland

0.06 0.06 1,117

.. .. 547

11.0   8.4 8.1

20,290 26,160 37,9903.8 1.7 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

8.1 5.4

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

26.9 95.4 111.2

31.7 64.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

93The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Grenada

0.10 0.10 1,002

.. .. 458

10.2 .. 9.1

3,870 5,580 7,5027.4 1.8 4.4

7.3 6.5 6.2

22.2 18.4 31.5

6.5 4.1 16.7

70.5 75.1 62.4

3.5 -2.4

2.7 2.7

54.9 26.8 25.4

72.2 56.6 24.2

.. 92

.. 15 43

.. 6 8

.. 29.0 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. 45.3 43.0

.. 27.6 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

7  16 64,899

8.7 14.5 2.4

41.8 23.2 20.7

35.0 18.8 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

88.1 112.0 60.689.5 114.5 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

75.7 97.7 47.8

11.1 12.0

7.4 7.7 5.5

61.0 ..   36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

4.2 61.6 100.6

4.1 24.1 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

94 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Guam

0.16 0.18 1,117

0.07 0.08 547

15.3 .. 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

17.5   59.1 111.2

16.1 50.6 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

95The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Guatemala

11.2 14.0 3,811

4.0 5.5 1,787

1.4   1.8 5.3

1,730 2,650 2,3214.1 3.7 8.5

15.1 12.4 13.3

29.1 28.5 38.9

21.3 19.8 25.8

55.8 59.2 47.7

6.0 1.9

7.8 8.2

20.2 23.4 28.9

29.0 33.1 28.3

.. 101

.. 37 35

.. 12 8

.. 101.0 57.7

.. 3.0 3.3

.. 40.9 40.2

.. 25.9 16.3.. 5.1

.. 0.7

..   9.2

..   3.8

..   12.8

..   35.3

..   8.0

147 206 41,477

1.2 1.6 2.0

16.1 15.1 34.9

13.7 12.0   19.9

-1.8 -3.2   -2.3

17.0 23.3 ..

22.1 36.0 107.618.2 39.0 54.9

8.9 10.5   10.0

7.9 2.7 5.1

19.8 25.4 92.9

13.2 11.2

10.7 8.3 7.3

34.5 ..   36.3343   543 1,318

..   3.0

7.6 123.4 57.8

0.7 16.3 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

96 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Guinea

8.4 10.1 846

4.0 4.8 384

.. .. ..

400 370 5094.4 3.0 5.4

20.3 17.2 26.1

32.5 53.0 24.4

4.0 5.3 12.4

47.2 29.8 49.5

.. 4.7

1,746.9   5,500.0

23.6 40.7 23.2

27.9 45.4 35.9

.. 179

.. 41 41

.. 13 8

.. 26.0 71.0

.. 3.8 3.7

.. 54.6 76.5

.. 19.4 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   2.7 

..   57.3

..   0.9

..   16.1

..   5.2

6 246 4,779

0.3 1.2 2.7

18.9 21.6 22.9

14.0 17.0 15.8

-2.4 ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

..   8.2 31.8

..   10.0 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

3.8   5.7  26.3

7.4 ..

11.9 ..   11.5

16.5   9.8 12.0.. ..   231

..   33.9

0.5 55.7 26.6

0.1 0.9 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

97The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Guinea-Bissau

1.3 1.6 846

0.54 0.66 384

.. .. ..

170 510 509-2.7 1.0 5.4

56.4 .. 26.1

13.0 .. 24.4

10.5 .. 12.4

30.6 .. 49.5

8.6 -1.7

712.0 472.2

31.8 .. 23.2

51.6 .. 35.9

.. 176

.. 216 41

.. 17 8

.. 87.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 45.9 76.5

.. 14.9 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   2.9

..   22.7 

..   0.7 

..   20.5

..   8.4

3 28 4,779

0.3 1.7 2.7

11.3 .. 22.9

1.3 .. 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

7.9   7.1 31.813.7   9.4 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

7.9 5.6 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

27.9 ..   12.0.. ..   231

..   9.2

0.0 34.8 26.6

0.2 2.3 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

98 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Guyana

0.76 0.76 3,811

0.32 0.34 1,787

9.1 ..   5.3

870 2,660 2,3212.5 2.2 8.5

31.1 20.6 13.3

29.0 34.3 38.9

8.2 7.7 25.8

39.9 45.1 47.7

6.1 2.9

182.4 204.0

96.1   84.6 28.9

110.7   119.2 28.3

.. 100

.. 30 35

.. 8 8

.. 56.0 57.7

.. 3.0 3.3

.. 38.9 40.2

.. 26.8 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   2.3

..   5.4

..   32.6

..   93.4

..   17.8

11   26 41,477

9.4 7.1 2.0

23.8 26.6 34.9

10.0 13.8   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

70.4 69.5 107.665.7 88.0 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

57.1 36.5 92.9

10.0 13.1

8.6 12.2 7.3

7.4 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. ..

5.3   36.8 57.8

6.6 28.9 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

99The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Haiti

8.6 10.0 846

3.5 4.5 384

7.2 .. ..

.. .. 5092.5 0.7 5.4

.. .. 26.1

.. .. 24.4

.. .. 12.4

.. .. 49.5

13.7 0.0

21.2 41.2

12.7 14.2 23.2

33.4 43.9 35.9

.. 162

.. 105 41

.. 13 8

.. 17.0 71.0

.. 5.7 3.7

.. 40.1 76.5

.. 23.3 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

101 176 4,779

0.4 0.6 2.7

.. .. 22.9

.. .. 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

17.5   14.7 31.829.9   30.5 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

15.5 14.5 26.3

7.3 13.3

7.0 16.2   11.5

24.3 ..   12.035   23 231

.. ..

0.6 36.4 26.6

0.2 10.0 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

100 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Honduras

6.2 7.5 3,811

2.4 2.8 1,787

4.1 2.9 5.3

930 1,800 2,3212.8 4.9 8.5

15.9 12.5 13.3

32.5 27.1 38.9

22.7 18.6 25.8

51.7 60.4 47.7

11.0 5.5

14.8 18.9

54.0 42.1 28.9

66.4 60.8 28.3

.. 131

.. 14 35

.. 13 8

.. 95.0 57.7

.. 3.8 3.3

.. 48.3 40.2

.. 26.7 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   4.6

..   6.1

..   8.5

..   27.6

..   16.5

127 277 41,477

5.4 3.5 2.0

25.8 22.6 34.9

20.3 19.1   19.9

.. -4.5   -2.3

.. .. ..

34.7 51.9 107.635.2 46.5 54.9

8.8 ..   10.0

10.6 .. 5.1

34.1 52.6 92.9

-3.1 14.4

10.9 8.6 7.3

20.4 ..   36.3515   708 1,318

..   2.9

2.5 103.3 57.8

1.2 9.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

101The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Hong Kong SAR, China

6.7 7.0 1,117

3.4 3.7 547

4.9 5.2 8.1

26,570 31,570 37,9901.8 4.7 2.0

.. ..   1.5

13.4   8.0 25.0

5.4   2.5 15.9

86.5   92.0 73.5

-3.8 0.6

7.8 7.8

143.3 193.8 23.6

138.8 186.7 23.9

.. 2

.. 6 18

.. 3 6

.. 10.0 37.9

.. 1.1 2.1

.. 24.1 38.6

.. 18.7 14.3.. 101.0

.. 19.2

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

36.6 24.9 2.0

26.4 20.9 18.0

.. .. ..

-6.8 0.6 -7.7

27.7 30.5 55.7

167.9 199.2 140.0220.8 319.9 108.5

9.0 12.7 6.8

7.3 1.1 3.4

152.6 158.0 165.1

13.6 4.8

4.7 5.0   3.8

100.0 100.0 93.45,447   5,866 9,518

.. ..

81.7 174.3 111.2

27.8 61.4 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

102 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Hungary

10.2 10.0 1,117

4.2 4.3 547

6.4 10.0 8.1

4,700 12,980 37,9904.3 2.9 2.0

5.4   4.3 1.5

32.2   29.4 25.0

23.5   21.7 15.9

62.4   66.2 73.5

9.8 4.2

282.2 202.3

72.2   81.4 23.6

75.8   80.2 23.9

.. 46

.. 4 18

.. 4 6

.. 35.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 53.3 38.6

.. 16.7 14.3.. 43.0

.. 6.3

5.2 13.5

27.4 0.7

21.6 48.7

9.6 48.0

32.6 39.4

1,168   2,645 ..

5.8 2.2 2.0

23.0   20.1 18.0

.. .. ..

-2.7 -4.0 -7.7

61.0 81.7 55.7

41.1 82.7 140.038.0 47.4 108.5

8.3 8.5 6.8

3.0 6.7 3.4

31.4 71.3 165.1

0.9 6.1

3.1 5.2   3.8

43.7 37.7 93.43,309   3,989 9,518

.. 2.9

30.1 117.7 111.2

7.0 61.6 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

103The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Iceland

0.28 0.32 1,117

0.17 0.20 547

2.3 7.2 8.1

30,830 43,430 37,9905.0 3.9 2.0

9.1   6.4 1.5

26.1   27.3 25.0

13.9   12.9 15.9

64.8   66.3 73.5

5.1 12.0

78.6 123.6

33.6 53.0 23.6

40.9 44.2 23.9

.. 15

.. 5 18

.. 5 6

.. 13.0 37.9

.. 1.0 2.1

.. 26.8 38.6

.. 6.9 14.3.. 2.6

.. 12.8

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

1.8 0.5 2.0

22.9 13.9 18.0

.. .. ..

2.7 -8.9 -7.7

60.5 104.7 55.7

97.7   340.7  140.042.6   90.5 108.5

6.2 13.0 6.8

1.5 61.2 3.4

97.1   261.2 165.1

12.7 9.6

6.2   7.2 3.8

29.5   36.6 93.426,221   50,067 9,518

.. ..

76.5 109.4 111.2

44.5 94.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

105The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Indonesia

205.3 230.0 3,811

97.0 115.6 1,787

6.1 7.9   5.3

580 2,050 2,321-0.6 5.3 8.5

15.6 15.8 13.3

45.9 49.1 38.9

27.7 27.2 25.8

38.5 35.2 47.7

3.7 6.4

8,421.8 10,389.9

41.0 24.1 28.9

30.5 21.3 28.3

.. 121

.. 47 35

.. 9 8

.. 108.0 57.7

.. 5.5 3.3

.. 37.3 40.2

.. 26.6 16.3.. 29.0

.. 0.2

.. 1.9

.. 14.0

.. 11.7

.. 23.5

.. 2.9

642 1,899 41,477

-2.8 0.9 2.0

19.9 31.1 34.9

.. ..   19.9

-3.7  -1.7   -2.3

44.6 28.3 ..

51.8 31.4 107.648.2 34.1 54.9

6.0 10.3   10.0

34.4 3.3 5.1

19.9 27.6 92.9

-1.7 5.6

6.0 5.2 7.3

57.1   59.1 36.3402   591 1,318

.. 2.1

1.8 69.2 57.8

0.9 8.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

106 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Iran, Islamic Rep.

63.9 72.9 1,002

22.4 29.2 458

12.8 10.5 9.1

1,670 4,530 7,5023.7 5.4 4.4

13.7   10.2 6.2

36.7   44.5 31.5

13.2   10.6 16.7

49.5   45.3 62.4

14.5 13.5

1,765.3 9,864.3

22.7   32.2 25.4

17.4   21.5 24.2

.. 129

.. 8 43

.. 6 8

.. 87.0 40.1

.. 4.5 2.9

.. 44.1 43.0

.. 17.8 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

5 483 64,899

0.0 0.9 2.4

26.4   25.8 20.7

17.6   16.7  15.6

1.8 0.6   -0.6

.. .. ..

20.5   36.8 60.634.3   40.3 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

19.5 36.7 47.8

.. 11.3

.. -1.1 5.5

64.8 73.3 36.81,586   2,423 3,001

.. ..

1.5 72.1 100.6

1.0 38.3 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

107The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Iraq

25.1 31.5 3,811

6.0 7.7 1,787

..   17.5 5.3

.. 2,210 2,32117.9 -0.3 8.5

5.4   8.6 13.3

84.4   70.1 38.9

0.9   1.7  25.8

10.3   21.3 47.7

.. ..

0.3 1,170.0

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. 166

.. 77 35

.. 11 8

.. .. 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. 28.4 40.2

.. 14.9 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 447 41,477

0.0 1.6 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

..   -5.9 107.6

..   10.3 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

.. 6.4 92.9

.. 61.5

.. 7.8 7.3

84.3 ..   36.31,161   1,164 1,318

.. ..

0.0 62.6 57.8

0.0 1.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

108 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Ireland

3.8 4.5 1,117

1.8 2.2 547

4.3 11.7 8.1

23,180 44,280 37,9909.7 3.9 2.0

3.2 1.0   1.5

42.0 31.2   25.0

32.9 23.7   15.9

54.9 67.8   73.5

5.6 -4.5

0.7  ..

98.3 88.5 23.6

84.8 73.6 23.9

.. 9

.. 13 18

.. 4 6

.. 18.0 37.9

.. 0.4 2.1

.. 26.5 38.6

.. 11.9 14.3.. 13.2

.. 4.7

..   2.3

..   11.0

..   37.4

..   28.3

..   17.2

.. .. ..

26.4 11.1 2.0

23.2 15.1 18.0

.. .. ..

4.9 -13.9 -7.7

40.0 69.2 55.7

108.7 241.0 140.078.1 116.2 108.5

6.5 5.6 6.8

1.0 9.0 3.4

105.6 230.3 165.1

-1.1   0.2

4.7   2.6 3.8

100.0   100.0 93.45,796   6,301 9,518

.. ..

64.7 109.5 111.2

17.8 68.4 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

109The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Isle of Man

0.08 0.08 1,117

.. .. 547

1.6 2.4 8.1

21,980   49,310 37,99010.4   6.2 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

0.7 0.6

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

.. .. 111.2

.. .. 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

110 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Israel

6.3 7.4 1,117

2.5 3.1 547

8.8 7.6 8.1

17,840 25,790 37,9904.6 3.6 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

1.1 3.3

4.1 3.9

37.1 34.7 23.6

37.4 32.2 23.9

.. 29

.. 34 18

.. 5 6

.. 91.0 37.9

.. 4.0 2.1

.. 31.7 38.6

.. 23.8 14.3..   19.8

..   4.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

6.5 2.0 2.0

20.4 16.7 18.0

.. .. ..

-1.9 -4.3 -7.7

.. .. 55.7

85.6 93.8 140.078.7 89.7 108.5

7.3 6.0 6.8

6.9 1.5 3.4

76.9 84.5 165.1

11.1 -1.4

4.2 2.6   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.46,323   7,054 9,518

.. ..

70.0 121.2 111.2

20.2 49.7 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

113The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Japan

126.9 127.6 1,117

67.6 65.8 547

4.8 5.0 8.1

34,620 38,080 37,9900.6 1.1 2.0

1.8   1.5 1.5

32.4   28.0 25.0

22.2   19.9 15.9

65.8   70.6 73.5

-0.7 -1.4

107.8 93.6

11.0 12.5 23.6

9.5 12.2 23.9

.. 18

.. 23 18

.. 8 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 0.6 2.1

.. 48.6 38.6

.. 27.9 14.3..   105.7 

..   1.3

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

0.2 0.2 2.0

25.2 20.6 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

..   157.7  55.7

239.9 215.9 140.0231.5 209.3 108.5

4.6 4.7 6.8

5.3 1.7 3.4

222.3 171.0 165.1

3.9 2.7

2.0 1.3   3.8

76.6   79.6 93.47,974   8,071 9,518

.. ..

52.6 90.1 111.2

30.0 77.7 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

114 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Jordan

4.8 6.0 3,811

1.4 1.9 1,787

15.8 12.9   5.3

1,790 3,980 2,3213.2 6.9 8.5

2.3 2.9 13.3

25.5 31.6 38.9

15.7 19.7 25.8

72.1 65.5 47.7

0.7 -0.7

0.7 0.7

41.8 43.5 28.9

68.5 65.0 28.3

.. 111

.. 13 35

.. 8 8

.. 4.0 57.7

.. 4.3 3.3

.. 31.2 40.2

.. 15.2 16.3.. 2.7

.. 0.7

..   6.7 

..   0.9

..   8.6

..   47.1

..   15.5

584 1,580 41,477

10.8 9.5 2.0

21.1 14.8 34.9

11.9 6.4   19.9

-2.0 -8.5   -2.3

93.7 57.9 ..

89.4 110.4 107.690.6 104.0 54.9

7.0 11.0   10.0

18.4 6.7 5.1

72.1 71.7 92.9

12.2 1.1

4.8 4.3 7.3

100.0 100.0 36.31,377   2,087 1,318

..   2.6

8.1 101.1 57.8

2.7 29.3 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

115The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Kazakhstan

14.9 15.9 1,002

7.5 8.6 458

12.8 6.6 9.1

1,260 6,920 7,5021.9 8.8 4.4

8.7 6.4 6.2

40.5 40.3 31.5

17.7 11.4 16.7

50.8 53.3 62.4

13.2 7.3

142.1 147.5

56.6 42.0 25.4

49.1 33.8 24.2

.. 59

.. 19 43

.. 6 8

.. 9.0 40.1

.. 1.5 2.9

.. 29.6 43.0

.. 16.3 18.0.. 28.0

.. 2.6

7.6 4.7

57.1 25.1

17.4 31.0

7.4 47.8

12.8 10.8

375 596 64,899

7.0 11.8 2.4

17.3 29.1 20.7

16.5 23.6 15.6

0.1 -2.0   -0.6

21.6 9.5 ..

13.5 59.6 60.611.1 38.0 47.4

13.6 -9.3 9.7

.. 21.2 4.2

11.2 50.3 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

86.5 89.9 36.83,170   4,689 3,001

.. 2.8

1.3 94.4 100.6

0.7 33.4 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

116 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Kenya

31.4 39.8 846

14.3 18.7 384

9.8 .. ..

420 760 5092.2 4.4 5.4

32.4 22.6 26.1

16.9 15.3 24.4

11.6 8.7 12.4

50.7 62.1 49.5

10.0 9.2

76.2 77.4

21.6 25.2 23.2

31.7 38.3 35.9

.. 98

.. 33 41

.. 11 8

.. 47.0 71.0

.. 4.5 3.7

.. 49.7 76.5

.. 33.1 24.8..   17.9

..   0.9

..   5.1

..   32.3

..   22.9

..   40.5

..   9.8

130 289 4,779

0.9 0.5 2.7

16.7 20.1 22.9

7.5 14.5 15.8

2.0 -5.5   -1.4

52.6 .. ..

33.8   40.4 31.832.0   38.2 30.6

12.9 12.7 ..

33.3 7.9 ..

28.4 31.5 26.3

15.3 7.6

14.2 8.8   11.5

12.1   14.1 12.0109   155 231

..   6.9

0.4 48.7 26.6

0.3 10.0 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

117The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Kiribati

0.08 0.10 3,811

.. .. 1,787

.. ..   5.3

1,380 1,830 2,3216.2 1.3 8.5

22.5 28.6 13.3

11.8 9.5 38.9

5.0 6.2 25.8

65.7 61.8 47.7

.. ..

1.7 1.3

6.9   9.4 28.9

46.8   76.5 28.3

.. 93

.. 21 35

.. 6 8

.. 4.0 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. 31.8 40.2

.. 23.4 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 41,477

25.8 1.7 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

.. .. 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

.. ..   36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. ..

0.4 1.0 57.8

1.8 2.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

118 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Korea, Dem. Rep.

22.9 23.9 846

11.1 12.4 384

.. .. ..

.. .. 509

.. .. 5.4

.. .. 26.1

.. .. 24.4

.. .. 12.4

.. .. 49.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.2

.. .. 35.9

.. ..

.. .. 41

.. .. 8

.. .. 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. .. 76.5

.. .. 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

..   400 4,779

.. .. 2.7

.. .. 22.9

.. .. 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

6.4   2.8 12.0715   820 231

.. ..

0.0 0.3 26.6

0.0 0.0 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

119The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Korea, Rep.

47.0 48.7 1,117

22.7 24.7 547

4.4 3.6 8.1

9,910 19,830 37,9903.5 4.2 2.0

4.6 2.6   1.5

38.1 36.5   25.0

28.3 27.7   15.9

57.3 60.9   73.5

2.3 2.8

1,131.0 1,276.9

38.6 49.9 23.6

35.7 46.0 23.9

.. 16

.. 14 18

.. 8 6

.. 91.0 37.9

.. 1.5 2.1

.. 29.8 38.6

.. 15.3 14.3..   60.0

..   1.7 

..   0.1

..   21.3

..   39.9

..   3.9

..   17.6

.. .. ..

1.7 0.2 2.0

30.0 29.3 18.0

.. .. ..

4.4 0.0 -7.7

9.6 .. 55.7

79.7 112.8 140.065.5 69.5 108.5

4.6 10.9 6.8

8.9 1.2 3.4

77.7 107.6 165.1

3.4 2.2

0.6 2.2   3.8

74.5   78.5 93.45,907   8,853 9,518

.. ..

57.0 98.4 111.2

40.5 80.9 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

120 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Kosovo

1.7 1.8 3,811

.. .. 1,787

57.0 45.4   5.3

.. 3,240 2,321

.. 4.8 8.5

.. 12.0 13.3

.. 20.0 38.9

.. 17.3 25.8

.. 68.0 47.7

.. -2.4

.. ..

.. 14.1 28.9

.. 54.4 28.3

.. 119

.. 58 35

.. 10 8

.. 30.0 57.7

.. 2.0 3.3

.. 16.5 40.2

.. 10.2 16.3.. 0.1

.. 0.1

.. 9.8

.. 7.7

.. 25.3

.. 76.9

.. 7.9

.. .. 41,477

.. 7.5 2.0

.. 27.7 34.9

.. 17.3   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

3.3 28.7 107.615.8 36.2 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. 4.4 5.1

0.9 36.1 92.9

.. 18.1

.. 10.1 7.3

.. ..   36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. 42.8

.. .. 57.8

.. .. 17.2

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8/6/2019 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

122 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Kyrgyz Republic

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Low income

4.9 5.3 846

2.1 2.5 384

7.5   8.2 ..

280 870 5095.4 4.6 5.4

36.7   29.2 26.1

31.4   19.3 24.4

19.5   12.7  12.4

31.9   51.5 49.5

18.7 6.9

47.7 42.9

41.8 49.9 23.2

47.6 80.8 35.9

.. 44

.. 10 41

.. 2 8

.. 17.0 71.0

.. 4.0 3.7

.. 57.2 76.5

.. 8.9 24.8.. 4.4

.. 1.3

5.2 4.9

80.3 39.1

5.9 17.9

5.2 25.2

14.3 16.2

5 75 4,779

-0.2 4.1 2.7

18.3 21.2 22.9

10.5   18.3 15.8

-2.9 -1.4   -1.4

114.5 .. ..

4.4   16.2 31.85.0   11.6 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

4.2   15.1 26.3

19.5 20.5

33.5 19.2   11.5

91.1 ..   12.01,904   1,449 231

.. 5.7

0.2 84.3 26.6

1.0 41.2 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

123The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Lao PDREast Asia & Pacific Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

5.4 6.3 846

2.5 3.1 384

..   1.4 ..

280 880 5096.1 6.9 5.4

52.5   34.7  26.1

22.9   28.2 24.4

17.0   9.3 12.4

24.6   37.1 49.5

25.1 0.0

7,887.6 8,516.1

30.0   32.7  23.2

44.1   44.4 35.9

.. 171

.. 100 41

.. 7 8

.. 162.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 33.7 76.5

.. 25.2 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 1.6

.. 26.2

.. 0.0

..   58.8

.. 7.2

5 125 4,779

2.0 5.4 2.7

28.3   37.1 22.9

14.7   32.3 15.8

.. -1.6   -1.4

.. .. ..

10.1   9.8 31.816.0   20.2 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

8.9   9.5 26.3

5.5   14.4

20.0   19.3 11.5

14.1 13.5 12.0.. ..   231

.. 1.5

0.2 51.2 26.6

0.1 4.7 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

124 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Latvia  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

2.4 2.3 1,117

1.1 1.2 547

14.2 17.1 8.1

3,220 12,390 37,9905.7 6.2 2.0

4.6 3.1   1.5

23.6 20.2   25.0

13.7 9.6   15.9

71.8 76.8   73.5

2.6 3.5

0.6 0.5

41.6 42.2 23.6

48.7 43.1 23.9

.. 24

.. 16 18

.. 5 6

.. 17.0 37.9

.. 3.0 2.1

.. 38.5 38.6

.. 6.5 14.3.. 7.2

.. 4.6

6.0 9.7

38.2 4.4

30.8 37.3

5.2 93.2

13.0 18.2

229 122 ..

5.3 0.4 2.0

24.2 21.3 18.0

20.5 21.3 ..

-2.2 -6.4 -7.7

12.0 41.8 55.7

24.0 104.2 140.018.7 39.2 108.5

8.5 7.4 6.8

4.6 16.4 3.4

19.2 107.8 165.1

7.4 17.1

7.5 8.2   3.8

100.0 100.0 93.42,078   3,087 9,518

.. 0.7

16.9 99.5 111.2

6.3 66.7 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

125The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

LebanonMiddle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

3.8 4.2 1,002

1.2 1.5 458

8.5 9.0 9.1

4,690 8,060 7,5021.2 4.6 4.4

7.1 5.3 6.2

22.8 16.5 31.5

13.0 8.8 16.7

70.1 78.2 62.4

.. 1.2

1,507.5 1,507.5

14.2 22.3 25.4

35.9 47.0 24.2

.. 113

.. 9 43

.. 5 8

.. 17.0 40.1

.. 4.0 2.9

.. 30.2 43.0

.. 6.1 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. 8.9

.. 19.2

.. 23.8

.. 117.6

.. 17.9

196   3 64,899

7.0 13.9 2.4

21.0 29.2 20.7

16.6 27.6 15.6

-18.4 -8.3   -0.6

.. .. ..

174.9 152.7 60.6182.9 226.7 47.4

6.4 7.0 9.7

7.8 6.0 4.2

87.9 73.9 47.8

20.7 3.5

6.9 2.3 5.5

84.9 ..   36.82,081   2,267 3,001

.. 29.9

19.7 36.1 100.6

8.0 23.7 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

126 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Lesotho

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

1.9 2.1 3,811

0.81 0.94 1,787

27.3 ..   5.3

550 980 2,3213.7 3.1 8.5

12.3 8.4 13.3

31.6 34.1 38.9

14.0 17.0 25.8

56.1 57.5 47.7

6.1 7.2

6.9 8.5

34.2 51.2 28.9

103.4 111.7 28.3

.. 138

.. 40 35

.. 7 8

.. 44.0 57.7

.. 2.6 3.3

.. 19.6 40.2

.. 16.4 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 5.6

.. 9.2

.. 32.7

.. 13.9

.. 24.7

3 11 41,477

15.8 4.0 2.0

42.5 31.5 34.9

33.3 17.3   19.9

-2.8 5.8 -2.3

75.4 .. ..

28.5   13.2 107.629.3   32.9 54.9

..   7.9 10.0

.. 4.0 5.1

16.4 13.5 92.9

14.4 9.2

12.2 8.2 7.3

18.3 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 6.8

1.1 32.0 57.8

0.2 3.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

127The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Liberia

2.8 4.0 846

1.1 1.6 384

..   5.6 ..

140 160 50938.9 0.0 5.4

72.0   61.3 26.1

11.6   16.8 24.4

9.5   12.7  12.4

16.4   21.9 49.5

.. ..

41.0 68.3

21.5   31.1 23.2

26.0   172.6 35.9

.. 155

.. 20 41

.. 5 8

.. 84.0 71.0

.. 3.0 3.7

.. 43.7 76.5

.. 0.0 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 7.5

.. 54.4

.. 10.1

.. ..

.. 2.4

.. 24 4,779

3.7 24.9 2.7

4.9 16.4 22.9

2.0 4.3 15.8

..   0.0 -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

3.1 16.1 26.3

22.1 6.3

14.3 10.1   11.5

6.2 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. 5.4

0.1 21.3 26.6

0.0 0.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

128 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Libya

5.3 6.4 1,002

1.8 2.4 458

.. .. 9.1

4,610 12,020 7,502.. 5.4 4.4

5.2 1.9 6.2

66.1 78.2 31.5

3.1 4.5 16.7

28.7 19.9 62.4

-2.9 2.5

0.5 1.3

35.6   67.4 25.4

15.5   27.5 24.2

.. ..

.. .. 43

.. .. 8

.. .. 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. .. 43.0

.. .. 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 64,899

0.4 2.7 2.4

13.1   27.9 20.7

2.0 5.9 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

40.6 14.4 60.637.6 41.2 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

23.1 10.9 47.8

-9.6 57.8

4.0 3.5 5.5

57.2 ..   36.82,227   3,909 3,001

.. ..

0.7 77.9 100.6

0.2 5.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

129The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Liechtenstein

0.03 0.04 1,117

.. .. 547

.. .. 8.1

79,640 136,630 37,9907.5 2.5 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. 0.6

.. 25.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

30.4 97.5 111.2

36.5 64.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

130 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Lithuania

3.5 3.3 1,002

1.7 1.6 458

15.9 13.7 9.1

3,200 11,410 7,5024.6 6.3 4.4

6.3   4.3 6.2

29.8   31.5 31.5

19.3   17.9 16.7

63.9   64.2 62.4

1.0 4.4

4.0 2.5

44.7   60.2 25.4

51.0   71.7  24.2

.. 23

.. 22 43

.. 6 8

.. 30.0 40.1

.. 1.5 2.9

.. 38.7 43.0

.. 0.0 18.0.. 5.4

.. 2.2

6.2 9.3

31.4 3.4

15.4 47.4

5.3 63.0

14.9 15.6

388 131 64,899

3.3 0.6 2.4

18.7   25.2 20.7

16.4   22.7  15.6

-2.8 -9.0   -0.6

.. 33.3 ..

18.5 72.8 60.617.0 40.1 47.4

10.2 7.9 9.7

11.3 19.3 4.2

13.2 70.9 47.8

11.1 10.8

8.3 3.6 5.5

..   28.6 36.82,517   3,557 3,001

.. 1.1

15.0 148.6 100.6

6.4 58.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

131The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Luxembourg

0.44 0.50 1,117

0.19 0.23 547

2.3 5.1 8.1

43,660 76,710 37,9906.3 3.6 2.0

0.7 0.3   1.5

18.4 13.3   25.0

11.3 6.5   15.9

81.0 86.4   73.5

3.1 0.4

36.3 ..

150.0 169.4 23.6

129.0 136.2 23.9

.. 45

.. 19 18

.. 6 6

.. 52.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 21.1 38.6

.. 4.1 14.3..   2.4

..   7.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

437.8 372.6 2.0

20.8 17.5 18.0

.. .. ..

5.5 -0.7 -7.7

4.9 12.7 55.7

92.5 187.3 140.0313.2 341.6 108.5

4.0 6.0 6.8

0.5 1.3 3.4

102.2 186.0 165.1

5.7  ..

2.0 ..   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.415,485   15,895 9,518

.. ..

69.5 144.4 111.2

22.9 85.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

132 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Macao SAR, China

0.44 0.54 1,117

0.22 0.33 547

6.7 3.6 8.1

14,350 39,550 37,990-1.1 14.7 2.0

0.0   0.0 1.5

15.7   15.7 25.0

10.1   2.8 15.9

90.3   84.3 73.5

-1.6 1.2

8.0 8.0

100.4 89.6 23.6

64.6 42.1 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

0.0 7.5 2.0

11.5 17.6 18.0

.. .. ..

1.6 13.3 -7.7

.. .. 55.7

77.4 51.3 140.0164.5 125.3 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

79.9 57.0 165.1

12.2 6.3

4.6 5.2   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.4.. ..   9,518

.. ..

32.0 192.8 111.2

13.6 52.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

133The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Macedonia, FYR

2.0 2.0 1,002

0.83 0.90 458

32.2 32.2 9.1

1,840 4,400 7,5023.0 3.1 4.4

12.0 11.3 6.2

33.7 36.3 31.5

20.7 23.0 16.7

54.2 52.3 62.4

6.6 -0.3

65.9 44.1

48.6 44.3 25.4

63.5 67.3 24.2

.. 38

.. 3 43

.. 3 8

.. 26.0 40.1

.. 2.9 2.9

.. 10.6 43.0

.. 6.3 18.0.. 8.1

.. 5.6

9.3 14.5

36.8 8.1

10.0 47.0

11.2 27.7

12.1 21.5

429 136 64,899

6.0 2.7 2.4

16.2 20.8 20.7

11.5 18.2 15.6

..   -0.8 -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. 11.4 9.7

23.1 8.9 4.2

17.8 44.3 47.8

9.9 7.1

7.7 3.0 5.5

63.8 56.5 36.82,929   3,723 3,001

.. 2.2

5.8 95.1 100.6

2.5 51.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

134 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Madagascar

15.3 19.6 846

7.3 9.7 384

5.8   2.6 ..

250 430 5093.9 3.6 5.4

29.2 29.1 26.1

14.2 16.0 24.4

12.2 14.1 12.4

56.6 54.9 49.5

11.9 9.0

1,353.5 1,956.2

30.7 28.5 23.2

38.0 52.2 35.9

.. 140

.. 7 41

.. 2 8

.. 30.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 37.7 76.5

.. 15.8 24.8.. 0.7

.. 0.1

.. 17.1

.. 6.8

.. 12.2

.. 92.1

.. 8.7

10 83 4,779

2.1 6.3 2.7

15.0 32.6 22.9

8.3 29.4 15.8

-2.0   -1.9 -1.4

111.9 .. ..

11.1 14.5   31.814.0 17.3   30.6

7.1 .. ..

8.6 .. ..

8.8 11.5 26.3

18.0 33.8

11.5 33.5   11.5

11.6 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. 13.6

0.4 30.6 26.6

0.2 1.6 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

135The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Malawi

11.8 15.3 846

5.0 6.3 384

..   7.8 ..

150 290 5093.8 4.8 5.4

39.5 30.5 26.1

17.9 16.1 24.4

12.9 10.0 12.4

42.5 53.4 49.5

29.6 8.4

59.5 141.2

25.6 30.0 23.2

35.3 37.7 35.9

.. 133

.. 39 41

.. 10 8

.. 84.0 71.0

.. 2.6 3.7

.. 25.1 76.5

.. 23.3 24.8.. 0.6

.. 0.1

.. 3.5

.. 11.4

.. 20.6

.. 59.2

.. 17.9

5 73 4,779

1.5 1.3 2.7

12.3 21.8 22.9

2.3 14.9 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

9.1   9.7 31.817.8   15.0 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

9.1 14.2 26.3

17.3 15.6

19.9 21.8   11.5

..   45.0 12.0

.. ..   231

.. 1.0

0.4 15.7 26.6

0.1 4.7 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

136 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Malaysia

23.3 27.5 1,002

9.7 12.0 458

3.0 3.7 9.1

3,450 7,350 7,5023.7 5.1 4.4

8.6 9.5 6.2

48.3 44.3 31.5

30.9 25.5 16.7

43.1 46.2 62.4

1.5 0.6

3.8 3.5

119.8 96.4 25.4

100.6 74.9 24.2

.. 21

.. 17 43

.. 9 8

.. 75.0 40.1

.. 2.3 2.9

.. 33.7 43.0

.. 16.7 18.0.. 41.6

.. 2.5

7.3 7.8

.. ..

48.6 48.6

..   10.7 

31.4 54.1

5,511 388 64,899

4.0 0.7 2.4

25.3 20.1 20.7

13.4 9.6 15.6

-4.1 -6.4   -0.6

43.0 53.3 ..

135.4 138.0 60.6112.9 134.7 47.4

8.5 9.0 9.7

15.4 3.7 4.2

135.0 117.1 47.8

-1.1 12.6

4.3 3.0 5.5

76.2   82.8 36.82,742   3,490 3,001

..   0.8

22.0 110.6 100.6

21.4 57.6 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

137The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

South Asia Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Maldives

0.27 0.31 3,811

0.09 0.15 1,787

2.0   14.4 5.3

2,150 3,970 2,3218.5 6.4 8.5

8.8 5.0 13.3

15.0 17.4 38.9

8.0 6.8 25.8

76.2 77.5 47.7

.. 4.0

11.8 12.8

89.5 67.0 28.9

71.6 94.2 28.3

.. 85

.. 9 35

.. 5 8

.. 9.0 57.7

.. 6.7 3.3

.. 9.3 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. 0.9

.. 3.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

2   40 41,477

2.1 7.6 2.0

26.3   53.5 34.9

.. ..   19.9

-5.0 -26.5   -2.3

40.9 52.3 ..

21.6 105.2 107.631.7 71.3 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

19.1 82.5 92.9

11.7 -6.2

6.1 6.5 7.3

..   100.0 36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. ..

2.8 147.9 57.8

2.2 28.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

138 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Mali

10.5 13.0 846

3.0 3.8 384

3.3 8.8 ..

250 680 5095.5 5.3 5.4

41.6   36.5 26.1

20.6   24.2 24.4

3.8   3.1 12.4

37.9   39.1 49.5

-0.7 2.2

712.0 472.2

26.8   26.2 23.2

39.4   35.6 35.9

.. 153

.. 8 41

.. 6 8

.. 31.0 71.0

.. 3.6 3.7

.. 52.2 76.5

.. 12.9 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   2.4

..   31.1

..   7.0

..   48.4

..   8.6

366 429 4,779

3.4 1.2 2.7

24.6   22.4 22.9

15.9   14.0 15.8

-3.4 -2.1   -1.4

.. .. ..

15.9 19.7   31.813.7 19.8   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

16.6 17.4 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

12.1   19.0 12.0.. ..   231

..   4.2

0.1 28.8 26.6

0.1 1.9 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

139The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Malta

0.39 0.41 1,117

0.16 0.17 547

6.5 6.9 8.1

10,110 18,360 37,9904.9 2.0 2.0

2.3 1.8   1.5

50.9 33.0   25.0

22.4 13.6   15.9

46.8 65.2   73.5

2.4 2.1

0.4   0.3

92.1 74.2 23.6

102.7 73.7 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. 2.7

.. 9.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

15.4 11.2 2.0

23.1 14.5 18.0

.. .. ..

.. -3.8 -7.7

.. 81.1 55.7

134.2 160.6 140.0125.4 145.4 108.5

.. 15.2 6.8

.. 2.4 3.4

106.8 135.5 165.1

3.0 2.1

2.4   2.6 3.8

88.0   87.5 93.44,313   4,806 9,518

.. ..

29.3 101.7 111.2

13.1 58.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

140 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Marshall Islands

0.05 0.06 3,811

.. .. 1,787

30.9 ..   5.3

2,420 3,060 2,321-3.7 2.2 8.5

9.4 .. 13.3

18.6 .. 38.9

3.7  .. 25.8

72.1 .. 47.7

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. 108

.. 17 35

.. 5 8

.. .. 57.7

.. 2.0 3.3

.. 64.9 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 41,477

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

.. .. 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

.. ..   36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. ..

0.9 1.6 57.8

1.6 3.6 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

141The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Mauritania

2.6 3.3 846

1.0 1.4 384

20.6   33.0 ..

460 990 5092.3 4.7 5.4

27.6 20.6 26.1

29.7 34.7 24.4

9.0 4.1 12.4

42.6 44.8 49.5

3.3 2.2

238.9 262.4

46.2 49.7 23.2

74.2 67.6 35.9

.. 165

.. 19 41

.. 9 8

.. 31.0 71.0

.. 8.0 3.7

.. 68.4 76.5

.. 44.2 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   5.8

..   48.2

..   3.2

..   7.5

..   5.9

43 43 4,779

3.7 -1.3 2.7

19.4 25.2 22.9

14.8 36.7   15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

24.3 35.4   31.810.3 24.6   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

23.1   27.0 26.3

23.9   15.1

16.2   15.5 11.5

..   26.8 12.0

.. ..   231

..   3.7 

0.6 66.3 26.6

0.2 2.3 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

142 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Mauritius

1.2 1.3 1,002

0.53 0.57 458

8.8 7.3 9.1

3,870 7,250 7,5025.5 3.7 4.4

7.0 4.3 6.2

31.0 29.1 31.5

23.5 19.4 16.7

62.1 66.6 62.4

4.2 2.5

26.2 32.0

61.4 48.4 25.4

61.9 59.1 24.2

.. 20

.. 6 43

.. 5 8

.. 4.0 40.1

.. 1.7 2.9

.. 24.1 43.0

.. 11.8 18.0.. 6.6

.. 7.3

.. 9.4

.. 0.3

.. 37.5

.. 18.7

.. 11.1

338 35 64,899

5.8 3.0 2.4

22.9 26.2 20.7

16.5 19.5 15.6

.. 0.6   -0.6

.. 38.9 ..

70.5 109.9 60.672.5 98.3 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

57.5 85.1 47.8

18.3 17.5

11.2 10.8 5.5

97.0   98.0 36.8.. ..   3,001

.. 3.2

15.2 85.2 100.6

7.3 22.7 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

143The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Mayotte

0.16 0.20 1,002

.. .. 458

.. .. 9.1

.. .. 7,502

.. .. 4.4

.. .. 6.2

.. .. 31.5

.. .. 16.7

.. .. 62.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 25.4

.. .. 24.2

.. ..

.. .. 43

.. .. 8

.. .. 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. .. 43.0

.. .. 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 64,899

.. .. 2.4

.. .. 20.7

.. .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

.. .. 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

.. ..   36.8

.. ..   3,001

.. ..

12.7 28.0 100.6

.. .. 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

144 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Mexico

98.0 107.4 1,002

39.5 47.2 458

2.6 5.2 9.1

5,110 8,960 7,5025.4 2.2 4.4

4.2 4.3 6.2

28.0 34.8 31.5

20.3 17.2 16.7

67.8 60.9 62.4

9.5 5.3

9.5 13.5

30.9 27.8 25.4

32.9 29.3 24.2

.. 35

.. 9 43

.. 6 8

.. 52.0 40.1

.. 1.8 2.9

.. 50.5 43.0

.. 23.1 18.0.. 44.1

.. 0.6

..   20.5

..   9.6

..   2.6

..   8.3

..   20.3

5,277 4,165 64,899

3.1 1.7 2.4

21.4 21.8 20.7

17.8 16.0 15.6

-1.2 ..   -0.6

23.2 .. ..

34.5 40.1 60.623.5 25.9 47.4

9.6 9.7 9.7

5.8 3.1 4.2

18.3 23.3 47.8

4.3 2.7

8.7 5.1 5.5

32.8   35.3 36.81,722   2,020 3,001

..   2.4

14.4 77.8 100.6

5.2 26.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

145The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Micronesia, Fed. Sts.

0.11 0.11 3,811

.. .. 1,787

.. ..   5.3

2,270 2,500 2,321-0.3 -0.2 8.5

.. .. 13.3

.. .. 38.9

.. .. 25.8

.. .. 47.7

.. ..

1.0 1.0

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. 141

.. 16 35

.. 7 8

.. .. 57.7

.. 5.3 3.3

.. 58.7 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 12.4

.. 0.0

.. 7.2

.. 67.1

.. 6.0

.. .. 41,477

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

31.7 21.6 92.9

14.1 6.8

10.7 14.1 7.3

17.5 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 5.8

0.0 34.3 57.8

3.7 15.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

146 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Moldova

4.1 3.6 3,811

1.9 1.5 1,787

8.5 6.4   5.3

370 1,560 2,321-2.6 5.6 8.5

29.0 10.0 13.3

21.7 12.9 38.9

16.3 12.5 25.8

49.2 77.0 47.7

31.3 -0.1

12.4 11.1

49.8 36.8 28.9

75.4 73.4 28.3

.. 90

.. 10 35

.. 8 8

.. 37.0 57.7

.. 2.8 3.3

.. 30.9 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. 4.2

.. 1.3

7.0 7.0

73.3 15.5

28.0 30.8

19.1 24.3

8.8 9.1

125 117 41,477

9.9 2.4 2.0

15.4 25.8 34.9

13.8 22.1   19.9

-1.5 -5.7   -2.3

73.0 24.4 ..

16.3 43.0 107.613.1 40.0 54.9

30.6 16.0   10.0

20.6 16.3 5.1

12.7 36.2 92.9

5.1 18.1

8.9 5.6 7.3

86.1   85.8 36.3892   1,287 1,318

.. 1.7

3.4 77.3 57.8

1.3 35.9 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

147The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Monaco

0.03 0.03 1,117

.. .. 547

3.6 .. 8.1

91,070 197,590 37,9902.9 4.3 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.4.. ..   9,518

.. ..

.. .. 111.2

.. .. 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

148 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Mongolia

2.4 2.7 3,811

1.1 1.4 1,787

3.4 3.3 5.3

410 1,630 2,3213.0 7.4 8.5

32.7 23.5 13.3

20.3 32.7 38.9

4.6 4.7 25.8

47.0 43.8 47.7

11.6 6.3

1,076.7 1,437.8

56.4 55.8 28.9

70.9 62.6 28.3

.. 73

.. 13 35

.. 7 8

.. 9.0 57.7

.. 4.0 3.3

.. 23.0 40.2

.. 9.5 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 12.1

.. 20.8

.. 26.5

.. 20.0

.. 16.7

11   2 41,477

4.9 14.8 2.0

25.1 49.0 34.9

22.0 45.8   19.9

0.2 -4.5   -2.3

81.9 64.8 ..

10.8   41.8 107.612.8   34.9 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

7.2 43.9 92.9

8.6 21.3

20.2 8.4 7.3

3.5 ..   36.31,080   1,473 1,318

.. 2.6

6.5 84.2 57.8

1.3 13.1 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

149The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Montenegro

0.66 0.62 1,002

.. .. 458

..   30.3 9.1

1,840 6,650 7,502-1.6 4.7 4.4

12.5 10.0 6.2

23.4 20.1 31.5

10.2 5.9 16.7

64.1 69.9 62.4

.. ..

1.1 0.7

36.8 32.8 25.4

51.1 65.9 24.2

.. 66

.. 10 43

.. 7 8

.. 28.0 40.1

.. 2.0 2.9

.. 26.6 43.0

.. 6.6 18.0.. 0.4

.. 0.9

.. 6.8

.. 3.4

.. 75.9

.. 30.9

.. 13.0

10 306 64,899

.. 32.0 2.4

16.9 26.8 20.7

.. 18.3 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. 11.0 9.7

.. 13.5 4.2

8.1 76.5 47.8

.. 6.7

.. 5.5 5.5

.. ..   36.8

.. ..   3,001

.. 7.0

.. 120.5 100.6

.. 44.9 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

150 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Morocco

28.8 32.0 3,811

10.2 12.0 1,787

13.6 10.0   5.3

1,310 2,770 2,3213.4 5.0 8.5

14.9 16.4 13.3

29.1 28.5 38.9

17.5 15.9 25.8

56.0 55.1 47.7

1.9 1.0

10.6 8.1

28.0 28.6 28.9

33.4 39.5 28.3

.. 114

.. 12 35

.. 6 8

.. 85.0 57.7

.. 1.8 3.3

.. 41.7 40.2

.. 18.1 16.3.. 26.2

.. 1.3

..   11.4

..   10.7 

..   12.3

..   18.8

..   17.3

2,135 240 41,477

0.6 2.2 2.0

26.0 30.7 34.9

21.3 24.8   19.9

-3.1 1.0   -2.3

56.5 46.9 ..

66.4 99.9 107.659.2 87.0 54.9

9.8 7.6   10.0

17.5 5.5 5.1

51.0 64.4 92.9

14.0   9.9

8.2   8.0 7.3

56.4   67.8 36.3489   736 1,318

..   2.5

8.1 79.1 57.8

0.7 32.2 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

151The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Mozambique

18.2 22.9 846

8.9 11.0 384

2.2 .. ..

230 440 5098.1 7.9 5.4

24.0 31.5 26.1

24.5 23.6 24.4

12.2 13.6 12.4

51.5 44.9 49.5

12.7 3.3

15.2 27.5

16.5 25.1 23.2

37.0 43.8 35.9

.. 126

.. 13 41

.. 9 8

.. 134.0 71.0

.. 5.0 3.7

.. 34.3 76.5

.. 27.7 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   3.3

..   9.8

..   10.5

..   12.7 

..   18.7 

45 52 4,779

3.3 9.0 2.7

31.0 21.0 22.9

21.7 7.9 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

19.3   18.9 31.823.3   26.4 30.6

8.2 7.7 ..

17.8 1.8 ..

16.7 25.1 26.3

6.3 12.0

9.3 6.2   11.5

18.7   20.8 12.0122   461 231

..   3.0

0.3 26.1 26.6

0.1 2.7 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

153The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Namibia

1.8 2.2 1,002

0.60 0.78 458

20.3   37.6 9.1

2,030 4,270 7,5023.5 5.3 4.4

11.8 9.4 6.2

28.0 32.7 31.5

12.8 14.7 16.7

60.2 58.0 62.4

.. 8.8

6.9 8.5

40.9 46.6 25.4

44.5 59.9 24.2

.. 69

.. 66 43

.. 10 8

.. 24.0 40.1

.. 1.5 2.9

.. 9.6 43.0

.. 4.0 18.0.. ..

.. ..

..   2.9

..   2.6

..   8.1

..   9.2

..   17.6

10   9 64,899

3.0 5.3 2.4

16.6 24.7 20.7

11.1 15.6 15.6

-1.6   2.0 -0.6

.. .. ..

51.7   59.7  60.643.8   41.2 47.4

8.7  7.9 9.7

3.4 2.7 4.2

39.8 46.8 47.8

-9.0 4.4

7.9 4.9 5.5

13.6 ..   36.81,226   1,797 3,001

..   1.6

4.5 56.1 100.6

1.6 5.9 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

154 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

South Asia Low income

Nepal

24.4 29.3 846

10.2 13.3 384

8.8 .. ..

220 440 5094.6 3.7 5.4

40.8 33.8 26.1

22.1 15.9 24.4

9.4 7.0 12.4

37.0 50.2 49.5

2.5 11.6

71.1 77.5

23.3 15.7 23.2

32.4 37.4 35.9

.. 116

.. 31 41

.. 7 8

.. 90.0 71.0

.. 5.0 3.7

.. 38.2 76.5

.. 16.2 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 6.5

.. 14.9

.. 17.5

.. 9.0

.. 3.1

30   14 4,779

0.0 0.3 2.7

19.3 21.2 22.9

12.4 17.1 15.8

..   -1.0 -1.4

64.6   43.7  ..

34.9   63.9 31.838.8   67.5 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

30.7 59.4 26.3

4.8 -3.6

3.5 5.5   11.5

..   55.9 12.058   89 231

.. 52.0

0.0 26.0 26.6

0.2 2.1 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

155The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Netherlands

15.9 16.5 1,117

8.1 9.0 547

2.7 3.4 8.1

26,580 48,460 37,9904.1 1.7 2.0

2.6 1.7   1.5

24.9 24.0   25.0

15.6 12.6   15.9

72.4 74.3   73.5

2.3 1.2

2.0 ..

70.1 69.4 23.6

64.5 62.2 23.9

.. 30

.. 8 18

.. 6 6

.. 17.0 37.9

.. 1.1 2.1

.. 40.5 38.6

.. 20.9 14.3.. 35.1

.. 3.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

16.4 4.2 2.0

21.9 19.1 18.0

.. .. ..

2.0 -4.8 -7.7

52.1 58.3 55.7

147.5 223.6 140.092.4 134.7 108.5

5.1 4.3 6.8

1.8   0.8 3.4

134.2 215.3 165.1

0.6 2.3

1.9 -0.6   3.8

90.0 ..   93.46,560   7,226 9,518

.. ..

67.5 128.1 111.2

44.0 90.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

157The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

New Caledonia

0.21 0.25 1,117

0.09 0.11 547

.. .. 8.1

14,020 .. 37,9900.2 .. 2.0

3.7  ..   1.5

19.6 ..   25.0

4.0 ..   15.9

76.7  ..   73.5

.. ..

129.5   87.2

13.1 .. 23.6

33.0 .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

-1.5 .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

23.4 83.1 111.2

14.1 34.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

158 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

New Zealand

3.9 4.3 1,117

1.9 2.4 547

6.2 6.1 8.1

13,620 28,810 37,9902.5 2.5 2.0

8.8   5.6 1.5

25.1   25.0 25.0

16.7   15.1 15.9

66.1   69.4 73.5

3.0 1.9

2.2 1.6

35.1 28.2 23.6

33.5 26.5 23.9

.. 3

.. 1 18

.. 1 6

.. .. 37.9

.. 1.3 2.1

.. 34.3 38.6

.. 30.4 14.3.. 47.9

.. 17.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

2.9 -1.0 2.0

20.1 19.4 18.0

.. .. ..

1.7 3.1 -7.7

33.5 37.9 55.7

116.1 154.4 140.078.7 91.0 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

110.4 147.0 165.1

5.9 8.6

2.9 6.3   3.8

62.8   65.9 93.49,413   9,492 9,518

.. ..

40.0 108.9 111.2

47.5 83.4 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

159The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Nicaragua

5.1 5.7 3,811

1.9 2.3 1,787

9.8   5.0 5.3

730 1,000 2,3215.0 3.3 8.5

20.9 19.0 13.3

28.2 29.6 38.9

17.0 20.0 25.8

50.9 51.4 47.7

7.1 3.7

12.7 20.3

23.9 35.1 28.9

51.1 61.2 28.3

.. 117

.. 39 35

.. 6 8

.. 22.0 57.7

.. 2.2 3.3

.. 63.2 40.2

.. 24.8 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   9.3

..   2.6

..   13.0

..   62.7 

..   18.7 

219 53 41,477

6.8 7.1 2.0

26.5 27.3 34.9

19.8 20.2   19.9

-3.6 -2.3   -2.3

.. .. ..

33.8 33.4 107.634.4 37.1 54.9

6.3 ..   10.0

5.2 .. 5.1

31.1 34.4 92.9

8.8 -2.0

7.3 8.0 7.3

11.1   12.0 36.3337   457 1,318

..   12.5

1.8 55.8 57.8

1.0 3.5 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

160 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Niger

11.0 15.3 846

3.6 4.8 384

1.5 .. ..

170 340 5093.4 4.3 5.4

37.8   39.6 26.1

17.8   17.1 24.4

6.8   6.3 12.4

44.4   43.2 49.5

2.9 4.3

712.0 472.2

17.8   15.0 23.2

25.7   24.2 35.9

.. 173

.. 17 41

.. 9 8

.. 35.0 71.0

.. 5.0 3.7

.. 46.5 76.5

.. 20.1 24.8.. 0.0

.. 0.0

.. 21.1

.. 13.7

.. 9.3

.. 37.1

.. 4.6

13 87 4,779

0.5 13.7 2.7

11.2   18.5 22.9

4.6   12.2 15.8

..   -0.9 -1.4

.. .. ..

6.2 13.4   31.85.7 11.4   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

4.8 12.2 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

25.7 20.7 12.0.. ..   231

.. 20.1

0.0 17.0 26.6

0.0 0.8 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

161The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Nigeria

124.8 154.7 3,811

39.2 50.0 1,787

.. ..   5.3

270 1,190 2,3212.7 6.6 8.5

48.6 32.7   13.3

30.5 40.7   38.9

3.4 2.6 25.8

20.9 26.6 47.7

6.9 11.5

101.7 148.9

54.0 35.9 28.9

32.0 27.2 28.3

.. 137

.. 31 35

.. 8 8

.. 50.0 57.7

.. 2.0 3.3

.. 32.2 40.2

.. 21.8 16.3.. 65.1

.. 0.8

..   6.1

..   22.9

..   2.7 

..   7.5

..   8.5

76 3,057 41,477

2.5 3.3 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

..   -1.7 -2.3

..   3.0 ..

17.7   45.2 107.614.9   33.7  54.9

7.4 18.4   10.0

22.6 6.6 5.1

12.5 37.6 92.9

-12.2 19.1

9.6 5.1 7.3

..   15.0 36.373   126 1,318

..   26.3

0.0 47.2 57.8

0.1 28.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

162 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Northern Mariana Islands

0.07 0.09 1,117

.. .. 547

3.8   8.3 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

4.3   26.2 111.2

.. .. 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

164 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Oman

2.4 2.8 1,117

0.88 1.1 547

.. .. 8.1

6,720   17,890 37,9903.2   4.5 2.0

2.0   1.9 1.5

57.2   55.1 25.0

5.4   8.3 15.9

40.8   43.0 73.5

-0.8 3.9

0.4 0.4

59.2   59.3 23.6

31.4   38.0 23.9

.. 57

.. 12 18

.. 5 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 4.0 2.1

.. 21.6 38.6

.. 9.7 14.3.. 3.2

.. 1.7

.. ..

.. ..

..   31.0

..   14.7 

..   10.8

.. .. ..

0.4 4.8 2.0

11.9 .. 18.0

4.4 .. ..

-4.4 .. -7.7

19.1 .. 55.7

42.1 45.7 140.028.4 41.0 108.5

12.8 13.5 6.8

11.3 3.5 3.4

36.8 49.0 165.1

-8.3   -16.0

2.4 3.3   3.8

30.0   43.5 93.43,153   4,894 9,518

.. ..

6.7 139.5 111.2

3.5 43.5 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

165The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

South Asia Lower middle income

Pakistan

138.1 169.7 3,811

41.6 58.1 1,787

7.2   5.0 5.3

490 1,000 2,3213.0 5.2 8.5

25.9 21.6 13.3

23.3 24.3 38.9

14.7 17.1 25.8

50.7 54.2 47.7

4.4 13.6

53.6 81.7

13.4 12.8 28.9

14.7 20.4 28.3

.. 83

.. 21 35

.. 10 8

.. 90.0 57.7

.. 2.8 3.3

.. 31.6 40.2

.. 14.3 16.3.. 2.8

.. 0.0

8.7 2.2

..   58.8

14.6 9.7  

..   106.3

17.0 9.6

77 2,732 41,477

0.4 1.5 2.0

15.9 17.4 34.9

10.3 12.7   19.9

-4.1 -4.8   -2.3

79.1 .. ..

32.0 38.4 107.627.7 31.6 54.9

4.9 10.1   10.0

19.5 12.2 5.1

22.3 23.5 92.9

.. -4.6

.. 5.9 7.3

56.0   65.4 36.3374   436 1,318

..   34.1

0.2 60.7 57.8

1.4 12.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

166 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Palau

0.02 0.02 1,002

.. .. 458

.. .. 9.1

6,260 6,220 7,5021.2 1.2 4.4

3.9   3.5 6.2

15.3   20.7  31.5

1.4   0.5 16.7

80.8   75.8 62.4

.. ..

.. ..

9.6   80.8 25.4

106.1   100.2 24.2

.. 120

.. 28 43

.. 8 8

.. .. 40.1

.. 1.0 2.9

.. 73.0 43.0

.. 65.9 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 64,899

.. .. 2.4

.. .. 20.7

.. .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

.. .. 60.6

.. .. 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

.. .. 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

.. ..   36.8

.. ..   3,001

.. ..

12.3 64.5 100.6

20.0 27.3 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

167The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Panama

3.0 3.5 1,002

1.3 1.6 458

13.8   5.9 9.1

3,740 6,570 7,5025.0 6.9 4.4

7.2 5.8 6.2

19.1 17.1 31.5

10.1 6.4 16.7

73.6 77.1 62.4

1.5 2.4

1.0 1.0

72.6 77.0 25.4

69.8 61.1 24.2

.. 72

.. 9 43

.. 6 8

.. 44.0 40.1

.. 2.5 2.9

.. 50.1 43.0

.. 17.0 18.0.. 0.5

.. 0.3

..   10.3

..   7.7 

..   19.2

..   10.2

..   14.7 

111 137 64,899

5.4 7.2 2.4

21.2 23.8 20.7

17.9 14.6 15.6

-0.8 ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

96.8 87.5 60.676.7 86.2 47.4

9.6 11.7 9.7

1.4 1.4 4.2

101.9 85.7 47.8

11.9 4.0

3.4 4.8 5.5

34.6   38.1 36.81,301   1,646 3,001

..   4.2

13.9 164.4 100.6

6.6 27.8 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

168 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Papua New Guinea

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

5.4 6.7 3,811

2.3 3.0 1,787

.. ..   5.3

620 1,180 2,321-0.8 3.4 8.5

35.8 35.9 13.3

41.4 44.5 38.9

7.5 5.9 25.8

22.8 19.6 47.7

15.6 6.9

2.8 2.8

66.2 57.9 28.9

49.2 57.1 28.3

.. 103

.. 51 35

.. 6 8

.. 39.0 57.7

.. 3.0 3.3

.. 42.3 40.2

.. 22.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

71 150 41,477

2.7 5.4 2.0

20.4 18.5 34.9

.. ..   19.9

-1.9 ..   -2.3

57.7 .. ..

29.3   22.2 107.629.0   25.3 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

17.2 32.1 92.9

3.9 14.2

9.1 7.8 7.3

3.5 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. ..

0.2 13.4 57.8

0.8 1.9 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

169The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Paraguay

5.4 6.3 3,811

2.3 3.0 1,787

7.6   5.6 5.3

1,350 2,250 2,3210.1 3.4 8.5

17.0 19.3 13.3

22.5 21.2 38.9

15.5 13.0 25.8

60.5 59.5 47.7

9.0 2.6

3,486.4 4,965.4

38.2 46.5 28.9

49.0 51.6 28.3

.. 106

.. 35 35

.. 7 8

.. 99.0 57.7

.. 3.9 3.3

.. 35.0 40.2

.. 9.6 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   7.9

..   24.5

..   8.2

..   27.2

..   7.1

30 93 41,477

1.5 1.4 2.0

17.5 15.2 34.9

..   15.1 19.9

-3.9 0.1   -2.3

.. .. ..

28.6 27.3 107.622.2 25.3 54.9

12.4 8.7   10.0

12.3 1.6 5.1

29.8 29.1 92.9

13.1 28.4

11.1 26.8 7.3

50.8 ..   36.3880   1,002 1,318

..   2.3

15.3 88.5 57.8

0.7 15.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

170 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Peru

26.0 29.2 1,002

11.2 13.6 458

7.4   6.8 9.1

2,050 4,200 7,5022.4 6.0 4.4

8.5 7.3 6.2

29.9 34.1 31.5

15.8 14.0 16.7

61.6 58.6 62.4

3.8 2.9

3.5 3.0

16.0 23.6 25.4

18.2 19.7 24.2

.. 36

.. 27 43

.. 6 8

.. 17.0 40.1

.. 3.1 2.9

.. 40.2 43.0

.. 26.0 18.0.. 51.2

.. 2.7

..   13.5

..   1.6

26.3 30.9

..   81.6

2.6 14.6

952 1,753 64,899

1.5 3.7 2.4

20.2 24.0 20.7

16.3 18.2 15.6

-2.1 -1.5   -0.6

.. 23.6 ..

28.5 26.5 60.625.8 29.0 47.4

9.1 9.9 9.7

9.0 2.7 4.2

26.0 24.1 47.8

25.4 17.5

20.2 18.2 5.5

13.4   13.9 36.8678   1,032 3,001

..   0.9

4.9 84.7 100.6

3.1 27.7 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

171The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Philippines

77.7 92.0 3,811

31.5 38.8 1,787

11.2 7.5   5.3

970 1,790 2,3213.5 4.9 8.5

15.8 14.8 13.3

32.3 30.2 38.9

22.2 20.4 25.8

52.0 55.0 47.7

4.0 3.2

44.2 47.7

55.4 31.7 28.9

53.5 30.8 28.3

.. 148

.. 38 35

.. 15 8

.. 91.0 57.7

.. 5.7 3.3

.. 45.8 40.2

.. 21.3 16.3.. 11.4

.. 0.2

.. 9.1

.. 21.8

.. 22.0

.. 23.1

.. 15.7

2,153 5,559 41,477

3.0 1.2 2.0

21.2 14.7 34.9

14.6 10.7   19.9

-3.9 -3.9   -2.3

52.9   77.7  ..

54.4 48.0 107.658.0 57.0 54.9

13.6 11.1   10.0

24.0 4.1 5.1

39.2   30.3 92.9

4.3 5.9

2.6 5.8 7.3

20.0 9.9 36.3501   588 1,318

.. 1.0

8.3 81.0 57.8

2.0 6.5 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

173The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Portugal

10.2 10.6 1,117

5.2 5.6 547

3.9 9.5 8.1

12,070 21,910 37,9904.3 0.8 2.0

3.7 2.3   1.5

28.0 22.8   25.0

17.5 13.0   15.9

68.3 74.8   73.5

2.8 -0.8

180.1 ..

29.0 28.0 23.6

40.0 35.6 23.9

.. 31

.. 6 18

.. 6 6

.. 97.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 43.3 38.6

.. 14.9 14.3.. 27.8

.. 3.9

..   1.1

..   52.1

..   24.4

..   5.7 

..   12.7 

.. .. ..

5.7 1.2 2.0

27.7 19.5 18.0

.. .. ..

-2.6 -8.7 -7.7

58.2 84.4 55.7

128.0 194.9 140.089.5 117.4 108.5

5.8 6.5 6.8

2.2 3.2 3.4

126.6 187.8 165.1

1.8 ..

2.8 ..   3.8

86.0   86.0 93.44,014   4,822 9,518

.. ..

65.2 142.8 111.2

16.4 48.6 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

174 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Puerto Rico

3.8 4.0 1,117

1.4 1.5 547

10.1 13.4 8.1

10,560 .. 37,9904.4 .. 2.0

0.9 ..   1.5

41.3 ..   25.0

38.3 ..   15.9

57.8 ..   73.5

.. ..

.. ..

75.2 .. 23.6

98.0 .. 23.9

.. 47

.. 7 18

.. 7 6

.. .. 37.9

.. 3.8 2.1

.. 67.7 38.6

.. 26.3 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

94.0   95.0 93.4.. ..   9,518

.. ..

34.6 68.5 111.2

10.5 25.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

175The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Qatar

0.62 1.4 1,117

0.35 1.00 547

3.9 0.5 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. 14.2 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

1.7 -4.9

3.6 3.6

67.3 46.7 23.6

22.3 31.2 23.9

.. 50

.. 12 18

.. 8 6

.. 69.0 37.9

.. 2.8 2.1

.. 11.3 38.6

.. 0.0 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

19.5 39.3 18.0

.. .. ..

.. 15.2 -7.7

.. .. 55.7

54.4 75.8 140.041.9 58.5 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

26.8 51.5 165.1

.. 31.0

.. 2.8   3.8

90.0 ..   93.413,782   15,682 9,518

.. ..

19.6 175.4 111.2

4.9 28.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

176 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Romania

22.4 21.5 1,002

11.8 9.5 458

7.0 6.9 9.1

1,690 8,330 7,502-2.1 5.6 4.4

12.5 7.2 6.2

36.4 26.0 31.5

14.5 21.5 16.7

51.1 66.9 62.4

45.7 5.6

2.2 3.0

32.7 33.3 25.4

37.9 40.2 24.2

.. 56

.. 10 43

.. 6 8

.. 8.0 40.1

.. 3.3 2.9

.. 44.9 43.0

.. 10.4 18.0.. 56.7

.. 3.7

8.6 9.2

35.2 12.1

19.8 37.3

20.1 42.0

21.7  26.1

901 3,037 64,899

2.8 3.9 2.4

18.9 30.3 20.7

.. 28.0 15.6

-2.0 -4.6 -0.6

.. .. ..

12.4 48.5 60.619.7 32.9 47.4

8.6 7.6 9.7

3.3 15.3 4.2

7.2 47.1 47.8

6.7 10.1

20.7 5.3 5.5

49.5   30.2 36.81,988   2,488 3,001

.. 3.0

11.1 118.1 100.6

3.6 36.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

177The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Russian Federation

146.3 141.9 1,002

72.3 75.9 458

10.6 8.2 9.1

1,710 9,340 7,5021.2 6.0 4.4

6.4 4.7 6.2

37.9 32.8 31.5

17.1 15.0 16.7

55.6 62.5 62.4

20.8 11.7

28.1 31.7

44.1 27.7 25.4

24.0 20.4 24.2

.. 123

.. 30 43

.. 9 8

.. 17.0 40.1

.. 3.8 2.9

.. 46.5 43.0

.. 9.0 18.0.. 261.6

.. 2.6

8.2 19.9

54.2 17.4

11.1 30.6

10.2 57.5

20.3 11.7

1,939 5,827 64,899

1.0 3.0 2.4

16.9 21.4 20.7

15.1 18.2 15.6

7.0 5.3   -0.6

49.0 8.6 ..

21.3 47.5 60.615.6 37.8 47.4

12.1 15.7 9.7

7.7 9.7 4.2

13.4 45.3 47.8

-9.6 12.5

17.9 6.7 5.5

67.4 80.1 36.85,209   6,435 3,001

.. 1.5

2.2 162.5 100.6

2.0 42.1 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

178 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Rwanda

8.0 10.0 846

3.7 5.0 384

.. .. ..

250 490 50910.1 7.6 5.4

37.2 34.2 26.1

13.6 14.5 24.4

7.0 6.4 12.4

49.2 51.3 49.5

3.9 10.4

389.7 568.3

8.7 11.7 23.2

25.7 29.2 35.9

.. 58

.. 3 41

.. 2 8

.. 26.0 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. 31.3 76.5

.. 21.2 24.8.. 3.0

.. 0.5

..   5.9

..   4.9

..   15.9

..   18.2

..   10.8

8 183 4,779

0.5 2.3 2.7

18.3 21.8 22.9

12.1 10.6 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

11.3   12.6 31.813.0   14.2 30.6

8.1 13.0 ..

57.0 13.1 ..

10.4   11.2 26.3

20.6   3.3

6.9   9.8 11.5

..   19.0 12.0

.. ..   231

..   13.6

0.5 24.3 26.6

0.1 4.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

179The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Samoa

0.18 0.18 3,811

0.06 0.06 1,787

5.0 ..   5.3

1,420 2,840 2,3213.3 3.5 8.5

16.8 11.9 13.3

26.0 26.7 38.9

14.8 9.4 25.8

57.2 61.4 47.7

1.0 6.3

3.3 2.7

33.8 33.5 28.9

57.2 58.5 28.3

.. 61

.. 9 35

.. 5 8

.. 9.0 57.7

.. 2.5 3.3

.. 18.9 40.2

.. 11.9 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 12.1

.. 19.6

.. 48.3

.. 9.8

.. 31.4

10 .. 41,477

-0.6 0.6 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

33.1   34.9 107.634.4   37.6 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

30.6 44.8 92.9

8.9 10.3

6.9 7.3 7.3

14.2 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 5.2

1.4 84.4 57.8

0.6 5.0 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

180 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

San Marino

.. 0.03 1,117

.. .. 547

3.0 2.6 8.1

..   50,670 37,9905.5   3.2 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. 2.2

1.1 0.7

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

1.3 6.2 -7.7

16.5 62.0 55.7

133.1 .. 140.0139.2 .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

6.4   4.5

6.6   5.0 3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

.. 76.3 111.2

.. 54.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

181The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

São Tomé and Príncipe

0.14 0.16 3,811

0.05 0.06 1,787

14.4   16.7 5.3

.. 1,130 2,321

..   6.3 8.5

19.7 16.8 13.3

16.9 20.5 38.9

5.7 6.4 25.8

63.5 62.7   47.7

.. ..

7,978.2 16,208.5

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. 178

.. 144 35

.. 10 8

.. 91.0 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. 33.3 40.2

.. 21.9 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

2 50 41,477

3.9 3.9 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

4.3 34.6 92.9

25.7  14.6

18.7 19.7 7.3

68.1 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. ..

0.0 39.3 57.8

4.6 16.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

183The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Senegal

9.9 12.5 3,811

4.1 5.4 1,787

..   10.0 5.3

510 1,040 2,3214.4 4.3 8.5

19.1 16.6 13.3

23.2 21.7 38.9

14.7 12.7 25.8

57.6 61.7 47.7

0.7 -1.1

712.0 472.2

27.9 24.0 28.9

37.2 44.0 28.3

.. 152

.. 8 35

.. 4 8

.. 38.0 57.7

.. 3.0 3.3

.. 46.0 40.2

.. 14.8 16.3.. 1.6

.. 0.2

..   2.9

..   18.7 

..   19.8

..   9.4

..   6.1

79 520 41,477

1.3 1.6 2.0

22.4 27.9 34.9

17.9 17.8   19.9

-0.9 ..   -2.3

73.7 .. ..

21.4 29.1 107.618.4 28.6 54.9

9.9 9.3   10.0

18.1 18.7 5.1

18.7 24.7 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

29.3   29.3 36.3101   158 1,318

..   11.8

2.5 55.1 57.8

0.4 7.4 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

184 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Serbia

7.5 7.3 1,002

.. .. 458

.. 16.6 9.1

1,400 6,000 7,5021.5 5.0 4.4

21.4 12.9 6.2

32.6 27.7 31.5

.. .. 16.7

46.0 59.4 62.4

71.1 7.8

63.2 67.6

23.9 27.5 25.4

40.5 43.9 24.2

.. 89

.. 13 43

.. 7 8

.. 25.0 40.1

.. 2.7 2.9

.. 34.0 43.0

.. 11.6 18.0.. 9.7

.. 1.9

10.3 12.2

44.8 3.6

10.6 42.8

8.7  109.5

9.6 21.8

345 190 64,899

0.9 4.5 2.4

12.7 23.8 20.7

9.9 20.7 15.6

.. -2.6   -0.6

.. .. ..

62.4 51.4 60.614.1 40.4 47.4

18.3 21.0 9.7

21.6 15.5 4.2

49.1 42.2 47.8

-40.1 1.6

-72.4 0.0 5.5

62.7   47.7 36.84,199   4,284 3,001

.. 1.1

.. 135.4 100.6

.. 56.1 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

185The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Seychelles

0.08 0.09 1,002

.. .. 458

9.8 5.5 9.1

7,420 8,480 7,5026.6 1.7 4.4

3.0 2.0 6.2

29.0 19.7 31.5

19.2 11.8 16.7

68.0 78.3 62.4

6.3 31.8

5.7 13.6

78.2 119.3 25.4

81.4 127.6 24.2

.. 95

.. 39 43

.. 10 8

.. 39.0 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. 44.1 43.0

.. 20.8 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

7   15 64,899

4.0 32.5 2.4

25.2 24.2 20.7

13.8 20.9 15.6

-13.9 4.3   -0.6

.. .. ..

96.5   103.1 60.683.8   105.9 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

22.3 25.1 47.8

9.4 -10.3

6.0 5.6 5.5

84.5 96.5 36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

32.0 104.9 100.6

7.4 38.6 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

186 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Sierra Leone

4.2 5.7 846

1.7 2.1 384

..   3.4 ..

150 340 509-5.0 9.5 5.4

58.4 51.4 26.1

28.4 22.1 24.4

3.5   3.7  12.4

13.3 26.6 49.5

.. 9.3

2,092.1 3,385.7

18.1 15.7 23.2

39.3 28.5 35.9

.. 143

.. 12 41

.. 6 8

.. 189.0 71.0

.. 2.6 3.7

.. 235.6 76.5

.. 0.0 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. 7.4

.. 8.6

.. 6.9

.. 14.8

.. 13.8

3 23 4,779

6.1 3.8 2.7

6.9 15.1 22.9

1.7 7.4 15.8

-9.3 -3.1   -1.4

247.4 .. ..

7.5   12.5 31.89.1   14.6 30.6

18.5 18.9 ..

37.9 16.5 ..

2.1 9.3 26.3

19.0   12.0

17.0   14.8 11.5

7.9 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. 15.9

0.3 20.4 26.6

0.1 0.3 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

187The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Singapore

4.0 5.0 1,117

2.1 2.7 547

6.0 5.9 8.1

23,350 37,220 37,9905.7 6.5 2.0

.. ..   1.5

35.6 26.3   25.0

27.7 19.4   15.9

64.3   74.0 73.5

1.4 0.6

1.7 1.5

191.4 220.5 23.6

176.4 202.6 23.9

.. 1

.. 3 18

.. 3 6

.. 4.0 37.9

.. 0.8 2.1

.. 25.4 38.6

.. 7.4 14.3.. 26.4

.. 7.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

17.8 9.2 2.0

30.6   26.8 18.0

22.5 17.0 ..

11.4 1.7 -7.7

86.9 113.3 55.7

120.6 133.9 140.0108.4 135.8 108.5

10.0 10.5 6.8

3.4 2.3 3.4

99.5 103.2 165.1

2.0 7.4

4.1 5.1   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.47,575   8,185 9,518

.. ..

68.2 133.4 111.2

32.3 73.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

188 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Slovak Republic

5.4 5.4 1,117

2.6 2.7 547

18.8 12.1 8.1

5,370 16,130 37,9903.7 5.8 2.0

4.5 2.6   1.5

36.2 34.5   25.0

24.7 19.3   15.9

59.3 62.9   73.5

12.0 1.6

46.0   21.4

70.5 99.5 23.6

73.0 103.7 23.9

.. 41

.. 16 18

.. 6 6

.. 26.0 37.9

.. 4.0 2.1

.. 48.7 38.6

.. 7.0 14.3.. 15.8

.. 4.0

6.1 6.7

41.2 3.1

9.6 33.5

15.2 25.0

20.0 28.6

.. .. ..

7.2 0.0 2.0

25.8   26.1 18.0

23.8 22.2 ..

.. -7.3 -7.7

.. 38.1 55.7

84.9   53.8 140.056.9   48.8 108.5

4.6 9.6 6.8

13.7 5.3 3.4

51.1   44.7  165.1

5.0   2.8

6.4   4.3 3.8

87.0   87.0 93.44,956   5,268 9,518

.. 1.2

23.1 101.5 111.2

9.4 75.0 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

189The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Slovenia

2.0 2.0 1,117

0.96 1.0 547

7.2 5.9 8.1

11,090 23,520 37,9904.4 3.8 2.0

3.3   2.4 1.5

35.8   33.9 25.0

25.8   22.1 15.9

60.9   63.8 73.5

8.9 0.9

222.7   191.0

53.9 58.9 23.6

57.4 57.4 23.9

.. 42

.. 6 18

.. 2 6

.. 37.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 35.4 38.6

.. 14.8 14.3.. 5.8

.. 4.2

4.4 7.3

14.7  0.0

12.7  52.2

6.4 60.8

32.0 28.0

.. .. ..

0.7 -1.2 2.0

26.1 24.0 18.0

57.3   59.1 ..

-1.1 -5.5 -7.7

22.2 .. 55.7

46.7 93.6 140.044.9 55.8 108.5

10.1 8.3 6.8

6.5 2.3 3.4

35.9 94.0 165.1

9.9 4.0

5.7 4.5   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.45,778   6,920 9,518

.. 2.7

61.1 102.8 111.2

15.1 63.6 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

190 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Solomon Islands

0.42 0.52 846

0.09 0.12 384

31.9 .. ..

1,000 910 509-1.9 4.5 5.4

34.7 38.9 26.1

12.7 6.1 24.4

8.0 3.8 12.4

52.6 55.0 49.5

7.9 7.1

5.1 8.1

24.1 33.5 23.2

38.6 46.9 35.9

.. 96

.. 57 41

.. 7 8

.. 44.0 71.0

.. 1.0 3.7

.. 36.4 76.5

.. 25.8 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

..   5 4,779

3.0 17.9 2.7

6.1   13.4 22.9

.. .. 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

23.3 ..   31.824.0 ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

16.0 28.3 26.3

3.5 6.6

11.6 11.1   11.5

2.4 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. ..

0.3 5.7 26.6

0.5 1.9 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

191The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Somalia

7.4 9.1 846

2.9 3.5 384

.. .. ..

.. .. 509

.. .. 5.4

.. .. 26.1

.. .. 24.4

.. .. 12.4

.. .. 49.5

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 23.2

.. .. 35.9

.. ..

.. .. 41

.. .. 8

.. .. 71.0

.. .. 3.7

.. .. 76.5

.. .. 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

1   1 4,779

.. .. 2.7

.. .. 22.9

.. .. 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

11.8 ..   12.0.. ..   231

.. ..

1.1 7.0 26.6

0.2 1.2 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

192 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

South Africa

44.0 49.3 1,002

15.3 18.8 458

26.7 23.8 9.1

3,050 5,760 7,5022.5 4.1 4.4

3.3 3.0 6.2

31.8 31.1 31.5

19.0 15.1 16.7

64.9 65.8 62.4

5.3 7.1

6.9 8.5

27.9 27.3 25.4

24.9 28.1 24.2

.. 34

.. 22 43

.. 6 8

.. 24.0 40.1

.. 2.0 2.9

.. 30.5 43.0

.. 24.4 18.0.. 24.7

.. 0.8

..   6.0

..   3.1

..   34.8

..   15.8

..   26.4

1,891 2,387 64,899

0.7 1.9 2.4

15.1 22.6 20.7

12.4 13.4 15.6

-2.0 -4.9   -0.6

45.3 .. ..

74.9 92.4 60.651.5 63.2 47.4

8.7 6.7 9.7

3.1 5.9 4.2

133.7 147.1 47.8

5.2 4.1

5.3 3.2 5.5

20.3 ..   36.84,417   4,759 3,001

..   2.1

19.0 94.2 100.6

5.5 9.0 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

193The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Spain

40.3 46.0 1,117

18.0 22.9 547

13.9 18.0 8.1

15,420 32,120 37,9904.2 2.8 2.0

4.4 2.7   1.5

29.2 26.2   25.0

18.6 12.7   15.9

66.4 71.2   73.5

3.4 -0.4

149.4 ..

29.0 23.4 23.6

32.2 25.6 23.9

.. 49

.. 47 18

.. 10 6

.. 56.0 37.9

.. 1.0 2.1

.. 56.5 38.6

.. 20.9 14.3.. 79.8

.. 2.9

..   0.8

..   14.3

..   32.6

..   9.3

..   21.3

.. .. ..

6.7 0.4 2.0

25.8 24.1 18.0

.. .. ..

-0.5 -8.6 -7.7

58.9 46.5 55.7

116.5 226.9 140.078.8 156.5 108.5

8.5 6.8 6.8

1.2 5.1 3.4

97.7 211.5 165.1

1.7 ..

2.2 ..   3.8

99.0   99.0 93.45,207   6,315 9,518

.. ..

60.3 111.0 111.2

13.6 61.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

194 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

South Asia Lower middle income

Sri Lanka

18.7 20.3 3,811

7.8 8.3 1,787

7.7 7.6   5.3

880 1,990 2,3215.1 5.5 8.5

19.9 12.6 13.3

27.3 29.7 38.9

16.8 18.1 25.8

52.8 57.7 47.7

6.2 3.5

77.0 114.9

39.0 21.4 28.9

49.6 27.9 28.3

.. 102

.. 35 35

.. 4 8

.. 217.0 57.7

.. 1.7 3.3

.. 64.7 40.2

.. 27.4 16.3.. 4.2

.. 0.3

..   3.5

..   2.7 

..   26.2

..   83.4

.. ..

160 421 41,477

1.1 1.0 2.0

28.0 23.8 34.9

24.8 17.4   19.9

-8.4   -6.6 -2.3

96.9   85.0 ..

34.3 36.2 107.633.5 33.7 54.9

4.4 ..   10.0

15.3 .. 5.1

28.8 24.8 92.9

8.3 9.5

7.0 5.1 7.3

85.8 81.0 36.3296   409 1,318

.. ..

2.3 69.4 57.8

0.6 8.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

196 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

St. Lucia

0.16 0.17 1,002

0.06 0.08 458

16.5   21.0 9.1

4,130 5,190 7,5023.0 2.7 4.4

7.1 4.9 6.2

19.0 18.2 31.5

5.1 6.4 16.7

74.0 76.9 62.4

3.7 1.0

2.7 2.7

53.3 49.0 25.4

63.0 69.3 24.2

.. 53

.. 14 43

.. 5 8

.. 56.0 40.1

.. 2.0 2.9

.. 34.0 43.0

.. 25.4 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

15 11 64,899

7.6 16.5 2.4

25.7 23.7 20.7

16.5   18.3 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

87.9 143.7 60.673.5 107.0 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

77.6 138.6 47.8

10.7 10.9

8.3 7.3 5.5

.. ..   36.8

.. ..   3,001

.. ..

1.6 102.3 100.6

5.1 83.0 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

197The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

St. Vincent & Grenadines

0.11 0.11 1,002

0.05 0.05 458

.. .. 9.1

2,920 5,130 7,5025.7 4.5 4.4

10.8 7.5 6.2

24.0 24.5 31.5

6.0 4.1 16.7

65.2 68.0 62.4

1.4 -1.6

2.7 2.7

52.9 33.8 25.4

59.1 71.7 24.2

.. 75

.. 10 43

.. 7 8

.. 54.0 40.1

.. .. 2.9

.. 38.7 43.0

.. 30.2 18.0.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

..   35 64,899

11.1 18.9 2.4

27.0 34.8 20.7

20.0 .. 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

79.7 73.5 60.687.2 71.9 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

64.7 59.5 47.8

11.1 6.0

6.9 6.2 5.5

68.0   70.0 36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

2.2 110.9 100.6

3.2 69.6 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

199The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Suriname

0.47 0.52 1,002

0.16 0.19 458

13.8 9.5 9.1

1,930   4,760 7,5021.7   5.4 4.4

11.2   4.7  6.2

25.2   40.2 31.5

9.0   20.7  16.7

63.7   55.1 62.4

59.4 -0.1

1.3 2.7

19.7   30.7  25.4

33.2   45.6 24.2

.. 161

.. 694 43

.. 13 8

.. 26.0 40.1

.. 5.0 2.9

.. 27.9 43.0

.. 27.9 18.0.. 0.1

.. 0.4

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

..   60 64,899

-16.6   -7.7  2.4

12.4   25.1 20.7

9.8   19.8 15.6

.. ..   -0.6

.. .. ..

12.6 29.6 60.621.7 47.7 47.4

.. .. 9.7

.. .. 4.2

8.4   27.8 47.8

-16.7   -5.7 

13.5 5.3 5.5

26.0   26.3 36.8.. ..   3,001

.. ..

8.8 147.0 100.6

2.5 31.4 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

200 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Swaziland

1.1 1.2 3,811

0.37 0.46 1,787

22.5 ..   5.3

1,550 2,470 2,3214.3 2.6 8.5

12.5 7.3 13.3

45.0 49.4 38.9

39.5 44.4 25.8

42.6 43.3 47.7

12.2 7.3

6.9 8.5

76.1 59.8 28.9

90.1 76.5 28.3

.. 118

.. 56 35

.. 12 8

.. 53.0 57.7

.. 2.0 3.3

.. 36.8 40.2

.. 28.1 16.3.. ..

.. ..

..   4.4

..   3.3

..   7.7 

..   16.9

..   22.1

5 25 41,477

6.1 2.2 2.0

17.4 16.9 34.9

11.5 3.0   19.9

-0.8   -2.9 -2.3

26.8 .. ..

13.0 23.8 107.617.7 27.6 54.9

.. 16.9   10.0

.. 8.1 5.1

12.8 25.0 92.9

13.8 5.6

7.5 6.0 7.3

30.0 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

..   2.5

3.1 55.4 57.8

0.9 7.6 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

201The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sweden

8.9 9.3 1,117

4.5 5.0 547

5.8 8.3 8.1

29,500 48,840 37,9903.6 2.4 2.0

2.1 1.7   1.5

28.8 25.1   25.0

22.0 16.1   15.9

69.1 73.1   73.5

1.0 -0.3

9.2 7.7

46.5 48.5 23.6

40.2 41.6 23.9

.. 14

.. 15 18

.. 3 6

.. 26.0 37.9

.. 2.0 2.1

.. 54.6 38.6

.. 16.4 14.3.. 24.2

.. 4.1

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

8.9 2.8 2.0

18.0 17.9 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

68.2 44.0 55.7

49.2 147.9 140.041.6 58.3 108.5

6.5 5.0 6.8

1.6 2.0 3.4

42.3 139.3 165.1

4.3   2.4

3.7   2.5 3.8

..   23.6 93.415,687   14,869 9,518

.. ..

71.8 122.8 111.2

45.6 90.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

202 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Switzerland

7.2 7.7 1,117

4.0 4.4 547

2.7 4.1 8.1

40,280 65,430 37,9902.1 1.9 2.0

1.6 1.2   1.5

27.3 26.8   25.0

19.0 19.0   15.9

71.1 72.0   73.5

1.5 -0.5

1.7 1.1

46.5 51.7 23.6

40.7 40.7 23.9

.. 27

.. 20 18

.. 6 6

.. 13.0 37.9

.. 3.0 2.1

.. 30.1 38.6

.. 8.9 14.3.. 25.3

.. 4.9

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

7.9 5.6 2.0

22.7 20.2 18.0

.. .. ..

2.2   1.3 -7.7

25.6   28.9 55.7

172.5 188.8 140.0116.6 145.7 108.5

6.0 5.5 6.8

4.1 0.4 3.4

158.5 174.8 165.1

3.1 2.5

1.3 2.7   3.8

..   100.0 93.47,847   8,307 9,518

.. ..

64.6 119.7 111.2

47.9 70.9 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

203The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Syrian Arab Republic

16.5 21.1 3,811

4.9 6.9 1,787

2.3   8.4 5.3

960 2,410 2,3212.2 4.4 8.5

23.8 21.0 13.3

37.9 33.7 38.9

6.5 13.4 25.8

38.3 45.3 47.7

-3.8 2.9

11.2 11.2

35.4 33.9 28.9

28.6 35.7 28.3

.. 144

.. 13 35

.. 7 8

.. 80.0 57.7

.. 4.1 3.3

.. 42.9 40.2

.. 23.2 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 12.2

.. 61.0

.. 20.7

.. 118.4

..   7.4

161 153 41,477

1.4 2.7 2.0

17.3 19.5 34.9

6.3 10.4   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

36.9 42.8 107.638.3 51.4 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

8.3 20.3 92.9

-0.6 19.0

5.0 3.7 7.3

..   91.0 36.31,058   1,521 1,318

.. 16.1

0.2 46.0 57.8

0.2 18.7 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

204 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Europe & Central Asia Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Tajikistan

6.2 7.0 846

2.0 2.9 384

.. .. ..

170 700 5091.1 8.2 5.4

27.4 22.4 26.1

38.9 23.7 24.4

33.7 10.8 12.4

33.7 53.9 49.5

38.6 6.4

2.1 4.1

98.8 13.4 23.2

100.9 56.3 35.9

.. 139

.. 27 41

.. 8 8

.. 30.0 71.0

.. 1.7 3.7

.. 86.0 76.5

.. 17.7 24.8.. 2.2

.. 0.5

6.1 11.7  

87.2 33.0

3.9 21.4

11.9 28.3

8.6 16.7  

9 46 4,779

2.7 0.3 2.7

7.4 17.2 22.9

0.7 4.0 15.8

-0.8   -6.6 -1.4

114.1 .. ..

13.6   0.8 31.83.2   9.2 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

13.8   29.0 26.3

2.4 8.5

24.3 17.1   11.5

.. ..   12.02,177   2,072 231

..   6.3

0.0 70.5 26.6

0.0 10.1 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

205The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Tanzania

34.1 43.7 846

16.8 21.4 384

5.1 4.3 ..

300 500 5094.2 7.1 5.4

33.5 28.8 26.1

19.2 24.3 24.4

9.4 9.5 12.4

47.3 46.9 49.5

5.9 12.1

800.4 1,320.3

13.4 23.2 23.2

20.1 35.2 35.9

.. 128

.. 29 41

.. 12 8

.. 18.0 71.0

.. 3.0 3.7

.. 45.2 76.5

.. 19.9 24.8.. ..

.. ..

..   4.0

..   14.7 

..   6.8

..   44.3

..   14.7 

61 522 4,779

4.5 1.9 2.7

16.4 29.3 22.9

12.4 20.5 15.8

.. ..   -1.4

.. .. ..

.. ..   31.8

.. ..   30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

4.1 15.3 26.3

13.0 7.1

14.2 7.1   11.5

..   7.4 12.058   84 231

..   12.0

0.3 39.9 26.6

0.1 1.5 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

206 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Thailand

62.3 67.8 3,811

34.3 38.7 1,787

2.4 1.2   5.3

1,960 3,760 2,321-0.7 4.6 8.5

9.0 11.6 13.3

42.0 43.3 38.9

33.6 34.1 25.8

49.0 45.1 47.7

1.6 -0.8

40.1 34.3

66.8 68.4 28.9

58.1 57.8 28.3

.. 19

.. 32 35

.. 7 8

.. 54.0 57.7

.. 2.7 3.3

.. 37.4 40.2

.. 28.9 16.3.. 27.5

.. 0.6

..   0.4

.. ..

..   74.4

..   27.9

..   39.0

1,377 539 41,477

2.7 1.9 2.0

22.0 24.4 34.9

13.8 17.9   19.9

.. -3.0   -2.3

.. 28.6 ..

124.1 109.3 107.6106.6 100.1 54.9

7.5 9.8   10.0

17.7 5.3 5.1

108.3 116.3 92.9

6.4 3.9

4.5 4.9 7.3

98.5 ..   36.31,462   2,079 1,318

..   1.3

4.9 122.6 57.8

3.7 25.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

207The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Timor-Leste

0.82 1.1 3,811

0.28 0.44 1,787

.. ..   5.3

330 2,460 2,321.. 2.4 8.5

25.8 .. 13.3

18.5 .. 38.9

2.8 .. 25.8

55.7 .. 47.7

.. 0.7

.. ..

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. 174

.. 83 35

.. 10 8

.. 17.0 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. 0.2 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 4.1

.. 2.6

.. 1.6

.. 9.1

.. 2.2

.. .. 41,477

.. .. 2.0

21.8 .. 34.9

7.7 ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

2.2 18.6 92.9

.. 1.1

.. 10.3 7.3

.. ..   36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. 7.7

.. .. 57.8

.. .. 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

208 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Togo

5.2 6.6 846

2.2 3.0 384

.. .. ..

280 440 5094.2 2.5 5.4

34.2   43.7  26.1

17.8   24.0 24.4

8.4   10.1 12.4

47.9   32.4 49.5

1.9 2.0

712.0 472.2

30.7   41.9 23.2

50.7   62.5 35.9

.. 160

.. 75 41

.. 7 8

.. 36.0 71.0

.. 3.0 3.7

.. 50.8 76.5

.. 8.8 24.8..   0.1

..   0.0

.. 2.7

.. 16.4

.. 16.9

.. 53.9

.. 6.6

68 44 4,779

3.2 1.8 2.7

17.8   22.3 22.9

14.8   19.5 15.8

.. -0.6   -1.4

.. .. ..

16.7   24.6 31.815.6   25.7 30.6

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

15.6 21.9 26.3

.. ..

.. ..   11.5

31.6   21.0 12.089   99 231

.. 11.1

1.0 33.0 26.6

1.9 5.4 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

209The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Tonga

0.10 0.10 3,811

0.04 0.04 1,787

..   1.1 5.3

2,020 3,260 2,3212.0 1.0 8.5

22.8 19.6 13.3

21.3 18.5 38.9

10.5 8.1 25.8

55.9 61.9 47.7

6.3 1.4

1.8 2.0

15.4 13.2 28.9

46.9 58.5 28.3

.. 71

.. 25 35

.. 4 8

.. .. 57.7

.. 2.7 3.3

.. 25.5 40.2

.. 24.3 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 6.6

.. 1.4

.. 33.9

.. 8.3

.. 7.8

7   10 41,477

2.5 4.7 2.0

21.1 26.0 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

58.2   52.2 107.643.8   49.4 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

41.0 48.2 92.9

7.8 13.8

6.0 7.2 7.3

27.0 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 2.1

0.2 51.0 57.8

2.4 8.1 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

210 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Trinidad and Tobago

1.3 1.3 1,117

0.59 0.70 547

12.1 5.3 8.1

5,190 16,700 37,9905.0 7.4 2.0

1.4 0.4   1.5

49.5 52.5   25.0

7.3 6.3   15.9

49.1 47.1   73.5

3.6 7.0

6.3 6.3

59.1   68.4 23.6

45.5   39.4 23.9

.. 97

.. 43 18

.. 9 6

.. 67.0 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. 33.1 38.6

.. 21.6 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

8.3 3.3 2.0

20.0   25.3 18.0

14.3   19.4 ..

2.0 2.3 -7.7

..   14.1 55.7

37.2   34.3 140.051.3   40.9 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

43.5 31.5 165.1

3.2 32.8

8.3 8.5   3.8

51.1 ..   93.43,907   5,789 9,518

.. ..

12.5 147.2 111.2

7.7 36.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

211The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Tunisia

9.6 10.4 3,811

3.2 3.8 1,787

15.7   14.2 5.3

2,090 3,720 2,3215.5 4.9 8.5

12.3 7.8 13.3

28.6 30.0 38.9

18.2 16.5 25.8

59.1 62.3 47.7

3.0 3.8

1.4 1.4

44.5 52.0 28.9

48.2 55.3 28.3

.. 55

.. 11 35

.. 10 8

.. 17.0 57.7

.. 1.3 3.3

.. 62.8 40.2

.. 15.0 16.3.. 9.1

.. 1.2

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

261 287 41,477

3.9 4.0 2.0

26.0 25.9 34.9

13.7 23.2   19.9

-2.7 -1.7   -2.3

62.6 47.1 ..

64.8 70.6 107.648.1 58.6 54.9

7.5 ..   10.0

21.6 13.2 5.1

66.3 68.4 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

68.4   75.2 36.3991   1,298 1,318

.. ..

1.2 93.5 57.8

2.7 33.5 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

212 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Turkey

66.5 74.8 1,002

23.1 25.6 458

6.5 14.0 9.1

3,990 8,720 7,5023.5 4.9 4.4

11.3 9.3 6.2

31.5 25.8 31.5

22.5 17.1 16.7

57.2 64.9 62.4

54.9 6.3

0.6 1.5

20.1 23.2 25.4

23.1 24.4 24.2

.. 65

.. 6 43

.. 6 8

.. 95.0 40.1

.. 3.3 2.9

.. 44.5 43.0

.. 17.0 18.0.. 44.5

.. 0.9

3.5 27.1

49.4 4.0

13.3 51.9

2.7 7.4

8.7 30.0

8,215 8,223 64,899

0.4 1.4 2.4

20.4 16.9 20.7

15.7 13.2 15.6

.. -5.5   -0.6

.. 51.4 ..

39.9 64.3 60.632.7 51.0 47.4

6.1 13.3 9.7

9.2 5.6 4.2

17.8 36.5 47.8

.. ..

.. .. 5.5

34.0 ..   36.81,573   2,308 3,001

..   4.1

24.3 83.9 100.6

3.8 35.3 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

213The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Turkmenistan

4.5 5.1 3,811

1.8 2.4 1,787

.. ..   5.3

650 3,420 2,3213.9 13.9 8.5

24.4 12.3 13.3

44.4 53.5 38.9

10.6 46.6 25.8

31.2 34.2 47.7

.. ..

5,200.0 ..

95.5 75.6 28.9

80.9 45.8 28.3

.. ..

.. .. 35

.. .. 8

.. .. 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. .. 40.2

.. .. 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

20 52 41,477

4.5 6.8 2.0

34.7 11.4 34.9

.. 10.4   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

2.0 .. 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

81.2 ..   36.31,698   2,273 1,318

.. ..

0.2 29.4 57.8

0.1 1.6 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

215The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

..   0.01 3,811

.. .. 1,787

6.5 16.3 5.3

.. .. 2,321

.. .. 8.5

.. .. 13.3

.. .. 38.9

.. .. 25.8

.. .. 47.7

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 28.9

.. .. 28.3

.. ..

.. .. 35

.. .. 8

.. .. 57.7

.. .. 3.3

.. .. 40.2

.. .. 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. 41,477

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

.. .. 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

.. ..   36.3

.. ..   1,318

.. ..

..   12.5 57.8

..   23.9 17.2

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Tuvalu

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

216 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Uganda

24.4 32.7 846

10.5 14.1 384

..   3.2 ..

270 460 5097.4 7.8 5.4

29.4 24.7 26.1

22.9 25.8 24.4

7.6 8.0 12.4

47.7 49.5 49.5

3.4 13.4

1,644.5 2,030.3

10.7 23.4 23.2

22.1 34.6 35.9

.. 122

.. 25 41

.. 18 8

.. 13.0 71.0

.. 2.2 3.7

.. 35.7 76.5

.. 23.3 24.8.. 11.2

.. 0.7

..   5.2

..   14.5

..   7.7 

..   33.0

..   15.5

57 310 4,779

2.6 3.8 2.7

19.2 23.5 22.9

13.2 17.5 15.8

-1.9 -0.9   -1.4

42.9 32.7 ..

11.1 16.8   31.812.1 16.0   30.6

9.8 13.4 ..

9.8 4.2 ..

6.2 13.1 26.3

10.6 3.8

13.1 11.2   11.5

..   23.0 12.0

.. ..   231

..   11.0

0.5 28.7 26.6

0.2 9.8 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

217The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Ukraine

49.2 46.0 3,811

23.4 23.0 1,787

11.6 8.8   5.3

700 2,800 2,321-1.9 5.6 8.5

17.1 8.2 13.3

36.3 29.4 38.9

19.2 18.2 25.8

46.6 62.4 47.7

28.2 15.9

5.4 7.8

62.4 46.3 28.9

57.4 48.0 28.3

.. 145

.. 27 35

.. 10 8

.. 13.0 57.7

.. 2.9 3.3

.. 55.5 40.2

.. 10.4 16.3.. 19.3

.. 0.6

10.2 11.3

58.9 28.3

8.1 32.1

26.2 47.9

14.5 13.0

206 1,118 41,477

1.9 4.2 2.0

19.7 18.0 34.9

17.3 16.8   19.9

-0.6 -5.6   -2.3

45.3 .. ..

12.7 82.3 107.611.0 35.7 54.9

16.2 13.1   10.0

29.6 40.2 5.1

11.2 73.3 92.9

15.0 6.6

27.8 7.1 7.3

96.7   97.8 36.32,778   3,534 1,318

..   2.1

1.7 120.3 57.8

0.7 33.3 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

218 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

United Arab Emirates

3.2 4.6 1,117

1.9 2.9 547

2.3   4.0 8.1

19,330   26,370 37,9905.1 7.0 2.0

3.5   1.8 1.5

55.7   60.6 25.0

13.5   12.4 15.9

40.8   37.6 73.5

.. ..

3.7 3.7

73.3   87.1 23.6

55.3   63.8 23.9

.. 40

.. 15 18

.. 8 6

.. 84.0 37.9

.. 5.1 2.1

.. 14.1 38.6

.. 0.0 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

22.1   19.5 18.0

9.5   10.3 ..

0.1 .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

51.1   82.2 140.045.1   74.0 108.5

12.9 16.0 6.8

12.7 4.8 3.4

46.2 93.0 165.1

-9.9 ..

3.5 ..   3.8

100.0 ..   93.411,919   16,891 9,518

.. ..

44.1 232.1 111.2

23.6 82.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

219The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

  High income

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

United Kingdom

58.9 61.8 1,117

29.3 31.8 547

5.5 7.7 8.1

25,910 41,370 37,9903.4 2.0 2.0

1.0 0.7   1.5

27.3 21.0   25.0

17.4 11.1   15.9

71.7 78.2   73.5

2.9 -0.6

0.7 0.6

27.6 27.7 23.6

29.5 30.0 23.9

.. 4

.. 13 18

.. 6 6

.. 22.0 37.9

.. 1.0 2.1

.. 37.3 38.6

.. 23.1 14.3.. 330.1

.. 8.0

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

8.3 3.4 2.0

17.1 14.6 18.0

.. .. ..

1.6 -10.9 -7.7

47.5 73.2 55.7

128.4 213.1 140.0.. .. 108.5

6.5 5.4 6.8

2.5 3.5 3.4

129.3 213.5 165.1

4.7 -0.7

2.7  ..   3.8

100.0   100.0 93.46,115   6,061 9,518

.. ..

73.8 130.0 111.2

26.8 83.2 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

220 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

United States

282.2 307.0 1,117

147.9 159.0 547

4.0 9.3 8.1

34,890 46,360 37,9904.4 2.0 2.0

1.2   1.2 1.5

23.4   21.3 25.0

16.7   13.4 15.9

75.4   77.5 73.5

3.4 -0.4

1.0 1.0

11.0 11.2 23.6

14.9 13.9 23.9

.. 5

.. 6 18

.. 6 6

.. .. 37.9

.. 1.5 2.1

.. 46.8 38.6

.. 27.6 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

3.2 1.0 2.0

20.0 15.1 18.0

.. .. ..

0.5 -10.4 -7.7

32.4 67.1 55.7

57.0 96.5 140.065.1 81.2 108.5

8.5 11.0 6.8

1.1 5.4 3.4

168.4 202.9 165.1

6.9 2.3

.. ..   3.8

..   67.4 93.413,671   13,654 9,518

.. ..

38.8 97.2 111.2

43.9 78.1 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

221The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Uruguay

3.3 3.3 1,002

1.5 1.7 458

13.6 7.3 9.1

7,100 9,010 7,5023.1 3.4 4.4

7.0 9.8 6.2

24.5 25.8 31.5

14.1 15.8 16.7

68.5 64.4 62.4

4.8 7.1

12.1 22.6

16.7 26.5 25.4

20.0 25.5 24.2

.. 124

.. 65 43

.. 11 8

.. 31.0 40.1

.. 2.1 2.9

.. 42.0 43.0

.. 23.6 18.0.. 4.7

.. 2.1

..   7.0

..   0.6

..   6.9

..   38.6

..   6.8

681 45 64,899

1.2 4.0 2.4

14.3 19.1 20.7

10.7 13.6 15.6

-3.0 -1.5   -0.6

40.6 49.5 ..

55.6 24.1 60.646.1 35.6 47.4

7.2 8.9 9.7

12.4 1.0 4.2

45.1 20.6 47.8

41.1 8.9

27.8 10.9 5.5

.. ..   36.81,990   2,393 3,001

..   0.3

12.4 113.7 100.6

10.6 55.5 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

222 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Uzbekistan

24.7 27.8 3,811

9.1 12.7 1,787

.. ..   5.3

630 1,100 2,3214.1 6.9 8.5

34.4 19.5 13.3

23.1 33.2 38.9

9.4 13.3 25.8

42.5 47.3 47.7

.. ..

236.6 ..

24.6 36.4 28.9

21.5 36.4 28.3

.. 150

.. 15 35

.. 7 8

.. 22.0 57.7

.. 4.0 3.3

.. 95.6 40.2

.. 1.6 16.3.. 14.4

.. 0.8

5.3 11.1

52.7 52.4

1.3 8.2

7.6 28.0

14.8 1.3

26 167 41,477

0.5 2.3 2.0

24.0 26.1 34.9

15.5 23.0   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

.. .. 107.6

.. .. 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

.. .. 92.9

.. ..

.. .. 7.3

87.3 ..   36.31,780   1,646 1,318

..   6.1

0.2 59.1 57.8

0.5 16.9 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

223The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Vanuatu

0.19 0.24 3,811

0.09 0.12 1,787

.. ..   5.3

1,440 2,620 2,3213.5 4.0 8.5

25.3   21.6 13.3

12.3   10.1 38.9

5.0   4.4 25.8

62.4   68.3 47.7

2.5 4.3

137.6 106.7

38.0   42.6 28.9

46.5   55.4 28.3

.. 60

.. 39 35

.. 8 8

.. 56.0 57.7

.. 2.6 3.3

.. 8.4 40.2

.. 0.0 16.3.. 0.3

.. 2.2

.. 7.9

.. 4.6

.. 41.4

.. 15.3

.. 27.0

6 35 41,477

7.2 5.3 2.0

18.6   22.6 34.9

.. ..   19.9

-0.7  ..   -2.3

26.4 .. ..

38.8   52.4 107.694.3   109.9 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

30.6 60.4 92.9

7.5 1.3

8.6 4.3 7.3

23.9 ..   36.3.. ..   1,318

.. 2.3

0.2 52.7 57.8

2.1 7.1 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

224 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Latin America & Caribbean Upper middle income

Country data

Uppermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Venezuela, RB

24.3 28.4 1,002

10.1 13.1 458

13.2 7.6 9.1

4,100 10,090 7,5020.6 4.9 4.4

4.2   4.0 6.2

49.7   57.8 31.5

19.8   16.4 16.7

46.1   38.2 62.4

16.2 28.6

0.7 2.1

29.7 18.3 25.4

18.1 20.5 24.2

.. 172

.. 141 43

.. 17 8

.. ..a 40.1

.. 4.0 2.9

.. 52.6 43.0

.. 10.0 18.0.. ..

.. ..

..   33.6

..   2.6

..   35.7 

..   25.4

..   12.5

774 546 64,899

4.0 -1.0 2.4

21.0 22.1 20.7

.. 9.6 15.6

-1.2   2.2 -0.6

.. .. ..

13.8 28.2 60.616.6 30.9 47.4

13.0 9.4 9.7

6.6 3.0 4.2

12.5   21.7  47.8

-3.3 10.6

8.9 3.5 5.5

33.6 ..   36.82,655   3,074 3,001

..   2.4

22.4 99.1 100.6

3.4 31.2 34.6

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

225The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Vietnam

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

77.6 87.3 3,811

37.9 46.6 1,787

2.3   2.4 5.3

390 1,000 2,3216.7 7.6 8.5

24.5 20.9 13.3

36.7 40.2 38.9

18.6 20.1 25.8

38.7 38.8 47.7

-1.7 7.1

14,167.8 17,065.1

55.0 68.3 28.9

57.5 78.7 28.3

.. 78

.. 44 35

.. 9 8

.. 87.0 57.7

.. 5.0 3.3

.. 33.1 40.2

.. 12.5 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 4.9

.. 33.7

.. 21.5

.. 29.6

.. 16.7

150 477 41,477

4.2 7.8 2.0

27.6 34.5 34.9

.. ..   19.9

.. ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

37.1 122.2 107.68.8 16.4 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

35.3 112.7 92.9

6.9 3.8

6.9   3.1 7.3

25.1 47.6 36.3295   799 1,318

.. 2.0

1.0 101.5 57.8

0.3 27.5 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

226 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

High-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

  High income

Virgin Islands (U.S.)

0.11 0.11 1,117

0.05 0.05 547

.. .. 8.1

.. .. 37,990

.. .. 2.0

.. ..   1.5

.. ..   25.0

.. ..   15.9

.. ..   73.5

.. ..

1.0 1.0

.. .. 23.6

.. .. 23.9

.. ..

.. .. 18

.. .. 6

.. .. 37.9

.. .. 2.1

.. .. 38.6

.. .. 14.3.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. 2.0

.. .. 18.0

.. .. ..

.. .. -7.7

.. .. 55.7

.. .. 140.0

.. .. 108.5

.. .. 6.8

.. .. 3.4

.. .. 165.1

.. ..

.. ..   3.8

.. ..   93.4

.. ..   9,518

.. ..

32.2   73.3 111.2

13.8 27.3 72.3

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

228 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Lowermiddle-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Yemen, Rep.

18.2 23.6 3,811

4.3 6.2 1,787

11.5 15.0 5.3

400 1,060 2,3215.6 3.9 8.5

10.3   14.3 13.3

46.5   40.3 38.9

5.2   4.7  25.8

43.2   45.4 47.7

4.6 3.7

161.7 202.8

42.3   38.0 28.9

36.6   41.4 28.3

.. 105

.. 12 35

.. 6 8

.. 17.0 57.7

.. 3.0 3.3

.. 47.8 40.2

.. 35.1 16.3.. ..

.. ..

.. 11.8

.. 66.7

.. 4.2

.. 68.2

.. 4.4

20 50 41,477

0.1 0.5 2.0

18.6   23.1 34.9

13.2   13.4 19.9

-2.3 ..   -2.3

.. .. ..

7.9 15.5 107.613.9 21.1 54.9

.. ..   10.0

.. .. 5.1

5.0 7.4 92.9

-4.9 23.1

5.5 7.3 7.3

..   8.7 36.3136   220 1,318

.. 54.4

0.2 16.3 57.8

0.1 1.8 17.2

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certi fication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

229The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

ZambiaSub-Saharan Africa Low income

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

10.5 12.9 846

4.0 4.8 384

12.9 .. ..

300 960 5092.2 5.4 5.4

22.3 21.6 26.1

25.3 34.1 24.4

11.4 9.6 12.4

52.4 44.3 49.5

26.0 13.4

3,110.8 5,046.1

27.1 35.6 23.2

41.5 32.2 35.9

.. 76

.. 18 41

.. 6 8

.. 178.0 71.0

.. 2.7 3.7

.. 16.1 76.5

.. 1.7 24.8.. 5.5

.. 0.9

13.0 4.6

..   4.9

25.4 10.2

142.4 97.0

5.8 17.2

27 114 4,779

3.8 5.5 2.7

16.0 22.1 22.9

6.0 17.8 15.8

1.8 -0.8 -1.4

176.2 .. ..

14.5 16.8   31.821.0 19.0   30.6

.. .. ..

23.6 .. ..

8.6 12.0 26.3

6.7 8.3

18.6 15.0   11.5

22.0 ..   12.0595   602 231

..   3.6

0.9 34.1 26.6

0.2 6.3 2.7

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Economic and social context

Population (millions)

Labor force (millions)

Unemployment rate (% of labor force)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)GDP growth, 1995–2000 and 2000–09 (average annual %)

Agriculture value added (% of GDP)

Industry value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)

Services value added (% of GDP)

Inflation (annual % change in consumer price index)

Exchange rate (local currency units per $)

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Investment climate

Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–183; 1 = best)

 Time to star t a business (days)

Procedures to start a business (number)

Firing cost (weeks of wages)

Closing a business (years to resolve insolvency)

 Total tax rate (% of profit)

Profit tax (% of commercial profits)New businesses registered (thousands)

New business density (new regis. per working-age pop.)

Enterprise surveys

 Time dealing with gov’t officials (% of management time)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings w/tax officials (%)

Firms using banks to finance investments (% of firms)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days)

ISO certif ication ownership (% of firms)

 Private sector investment

Invest. in infrastructure w/private participation ($ millions)

Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross f ixed private capital formation (% of GDP)

 Finance and banking

Government cash surplus or deficit (% of GDP)

Government debt (% of GDP)

Deposit money banks’ assets (% of GDP) Total f inancial system deposits (% of GDP)

Bank capital to asset ratio (%)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio (%)

Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP)

Real interest rate (%)

Interest rate spread (percentage points)

 Infrastructure

Paved roads (% of total roads)Electr ic power consumption (kWh per capita)

Power outages in a typical month (number)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Internet users (per 100 people)

230 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country data

Low-incomegroup

2000 2009 2009

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Zimbabwe

12.5 12.5 846

5.1 5.0 384

6.0 4.2 ..

480 360 5091.5 -7.5 5.4

18.5 17.9 26.1

25.0 29.0 24.4

15.8 17.0 12.4

56.5 53.0 49.5

55.9   24,411.0

0.0 ..

38.6 36.3 23.2

36.4 65.4 35.9

.. 157

.. 90 41

.. 9 8

.. 446.0 71.0

.. 3.3 3.7

.. 40.3 76.5

.. 24.0 24.8.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

8 200 4,779

0.4 1.1 2.7

11.8 2.5 22.9

11.1 1.7 15.8

-5.2 ..   -1.4

57.4 .. ..

30.7   28.4 31.834.3   42.1 30.6

9.4 .. ..

19.6 .. ..

27.5   46.5 26.3

67.8   578.2

18.0   457.5 11.5

19.0 ..   12.0856   1,022 231

.. ..

2.1 23.9 26.6

0.4 11.4 2.7

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231The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2011

Agriculture value added  is the net output of agriculture (International

Standard Industrial Classification divisions 1–5, including forestry and fish-

ing) after totaling outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank

and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)

Bank capital to asset ratio is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total

assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained

earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjust-

ments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock),

which is a common feature in all countries’ banking systems, and total

regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated

debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain

minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets

include all nonfinancial and financial assets. (International Monetary Fund)

Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio is the value of non-

performing loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including

nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan loss provisions).

The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the

loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.

(International Monetary Fund)

Closing a business is the number of years from the time of filing for insolvency

in court until resolution of distressed assets. Data listed for 2009 are for

June 2010. (World Bank)

Delay in obtaining an electrical connection is the average wait, in days, to

obtain an electrical connection from the day an establishment applies for it

to the day it receives the service. (World Bank)

Deposit money banks’ assets are claims on the domestic real nonfinancial

sector by deposit money banks. (International Monetary Fund)

Domestic credit to the private sector is financial resources provided to the

private sector—such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities,

and trade credits and other accounts receivable—that establish a claim

for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public

enterprises. (International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and Organisation

for Economic Co-operation and Development)

Ease of doing business index ranks economies from 1 to 183, with 1 being

the best. A high ranking means that a country’s regulatory environment is

conducive to business operation. The index ranks the simple average of a

country’s percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in Doing Business 2011.

Glossary

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232 2011 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on

its component indicators. Data listed for 2009 are for June 2010. (World Bank)

Electric power consumption is the production of power plants and combined

heat and power plants minus transmission, distribution, and transformation

losses and own use by heat and power plants. (International Energy Agency)

Exchange rate is the exchange rate determined by national authorities or the

rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated

in local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar as an annual average based

on monthly averages. (International Monetary Fund)

Exports of goods and services are the value of all goods and other market

services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of mer-

chandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and

other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information,

business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of

employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) as well as

transfer payments. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation

and Development)

Firing cost is the cost of advance notice requirements, severance payments,

and penalties due when terminating a redundant worker, expressed in weekly

wages. One month is recorded as 4 1/3 weeks. Data listed for 2009 are

for June 2010. (World Bank)

Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials are the percentage

of firms that report that a gift or informal payment is expected or requested

during a meeting with tax officials. (World Bank)

Firms using banks to finance investments are the percentage of firms using

banks to finance purchases of fixed assets. (World Bank)

GDP growth is the annual percentage growth rate of gross domestic product

(GDP) at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are

based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added

by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus

any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated

without deducting for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and

degradation of natural resources. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic

Co-operation and Development)

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method, is gross national income (GNI)

converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the

midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers

Glossary

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transfer payments. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation

and Development)

Industry value added is the net output of industry (International Standard

Industrial Classification divisions 10–45, including mining, manufacturing,

construction, electricity, water, and gas) after totaling outputs and sub-

tracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic

Co-operation and Development)

Inflation is the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer

of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at

specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.

(International Monetary Fund)

Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime

customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for

demand, time, or savings deposits. (International Monetary Fund)

Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network. (International

Telecommunication Union)

Investment in infrastructure with private participation is the value of infra-

structure projects in telecommunications, energy (electricity and natural gas

transmission and distribution), transport, and water and sanitation that have

reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public, includ-

ing operation and management contracts with major capital expenditure,

greenfield projects (in which a private entity or public-private joint venture

builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Incinerators, movable

assets, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects such as windmills

are excluded. (World Bank)

ISO certification ownership  is the percentage of firms that have earned

a quality certification recognized by the International Organization for

Standardization (ISO). (World Bank)

Labor force is all people who supply labor for the production of goods and

services during a specified period, according to the International Labour

Organization definition of the economically active population. It includes

both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in

the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-

time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the

unemployed, and first-time job-seekers and excludes homemakers and other

unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. (International Labour

Organization and World Bank)

Glossary

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Manufacturing value added  is the net output of industries belonging to

International Standard Industrial Classification divisions 15–37 after totaling

outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation

for Economic Co-operation and Development)

Mobile cellular subscriptions are the number of subscriptions—including

postpaid and prepaid subscriptions—to a public mobile telephone service

using cellular technology that provides access to the public switched telephone

network. It is calculated per 100 people. (International Telecommunication

Union)

New business density  is the number of newly registered limited liability

corporations per 1,000 people ages 15-64. (World Bank)

Paved roads are roads surfaced with concrete, cobblestones, or crushed

stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents. (International

Road Federation)

Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts

all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship—except for refugees

not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally con-

sidered part of the population of their country of origin. Data are midyear

estimates. (World Bank)

Power outages in a typical month are the average number of power outages

that establishments experience in a typical month. (World Bank)

Private foreign direct investment, net, is net inflows of private investment to

acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock)

in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is

the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital,

and short-term capital, as shown in the balance of payments. (International

Monetary Fund, World Bank, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation

and Development)

Procedures to start a business are the number of procedures required to

start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and

licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to

start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of

ownership, size, and type of production. Data listed for 2009 are for June

2010. (World Bank)

Profit tax is the amount of taxes on profits paid by the business. For further

details on the method, see the World Bank’s Doing Business 2011. Data

listed for 2009 are for June 2010. (World Bank)

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Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as mea-

sured by the GDP deflator. (International Monetary Fund and World Bank)

Services value added is the net output of services (International Standard

Industrial Classification divisions 50–99) after totaling outputs and sub-

tracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic

Co-operation and Development)

Time dealing with government officials is the percentage of management time

in a given week spent on requirements imposed by government regulations

(taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing, and registration). (World Bank)

Time to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete

the required procedures for legally operating a business. If a procedure can

be expedited at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost,

is chosen. Data listed for 2009 are for June 2010. (World Bank)

Total financial system deposits are the demand, time, and saving depos-

its in deposit money banks and other financial institutions. (International

Monetary Fund)

Total tax rate is the total amount of taxes payable by a business (except for

labor taxes) after accounting for deductions and exemptions as a percentage

of profit. For further details on the method used for assessing the total tax

payable, see the World Bank’s Doing Business 2011. Data listed for 2009

are for June 2010. (World Bank)

Unemployment rate is the share of the labor force without work but available

for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment

differ by country. (International Labour Organization)

Glossary

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