Unit IIUnit II: : Communist Russia Communist Russia Under Lenin & Under Lenin &

Peacemaking, Peacekeeping - Peacemaking, Peacekeeping - International Relations 1918-International Relations 1918-

19241924

The Immediate Effects of The Immediate Effects of WWIWWI

►The Russian RevolutionThe Russian Revolution►Defeat of the Central PowersDefeat of the Central Powers►Destruction & Loss of LifeDestruction & Loss of Life►The Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Versailles►The League of NationsThe League of Nations►Breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Breakup of the Austro-Hungarian

EmpireEmpire►Forming of MandatesForming of Mandates

Long-Term Effects of WWILong-Term Effects of WWI

►German & Italian Resentment of the German & Italian Resentment of the Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

►US Policy of IsolationismUS Policy of Isolationism►Disillusionment of the Disillusionment of the Lost GenerationLost Generation►The Rise of FascismThe Rise of Fascism►World War IIWorld War II

The Impact of the War on Europe The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)(1919)

► I. I. The Human Cost of the WarThe Human Cost of the War►+/- 9 million soldiers were killed +/- 9 million soldiers were killed – about – about

15% of all combatants15% of all combatants►+/- +/- 5 million civilians5 million civilians died from diseases died from diseases

related to food shortagesrelated to food shortages►Talk of a Talk of a “Lost Generation”“Lost Generation”

Ex. France – 20% between 20 & 40 killed Ex. France – 20% between 20 & 40 killed

►1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic ►killed around 20 million worldwide killed around 20 million worldwide

(500,000 (500,000 Americans)Americans)

WW1 Casualty and Death WW1 Casualty and Death Tables (pbs.org)Tables (pbs.org)

A few of the 240,000 British war amputees.A few of the 240,000 British war amputees.

““The Men with the Broken The Men with the Broken Faces”Faces”

A sculptor working amidst the casts of soldiers A sculptor working amidst the casts of soldiers hanging on the wall.hanging on the wall.

Douaumont ossuaryDouaumont ossuary, a cemetery for both French and German soldiers who , a cemetery for both French and German soldiers who died during the died during the Battle of Verdun in 1916Battle of Verdun in 1916

The Impact of the War on Europe The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)(1919)

► II. II. Economic ConsequencesEconomic Consequences::►War cost War cost Britain £34 billionBritain £34 billion►US lent US lent $2 billion $2 billion Britain & France Britain & France►Britain never regained its pre-war Britain never regained its pre-war

financial predominancefinancial predominance

The Impact of the War on Europe The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)(1919)

► III. III. Political ConsequencesPolitical Consequences::►Destruction of Destruction of German, Russian, German, Russian,

Turkish, & Austro-Hungarian Turkish, & Austro-Hungarian EmpiresEmpires►Power vacuum Power vacuum in Central Europein Central Europe►Growth of Growth of socialist politics socialist politics and fear of and fear of

revolutionrevolution

Map of Map of Europe in Europe in

19231923

Imperialists & their colonies 1920Imperialists & their colonies 1920

The Impact of the War Outside of The Impact of the War Outside of Europe (1919)Europe (1919)

► I. I. United StatesUnited States::►Emerged as the Emerged as the world’s leading world’s leading

economyeconomy►Took over many European overseas Took over many European overseas

markets during the warmarkets during the war►World’s World’s leader in technological leader in technological

advances advances (chemicals, mechanization, (chemicals, mechanization, plastics)plastics)

►Return of isolationist sentiment Return of isolationist sentiment

The Impact of the War Outside of The Impact of the War Outside of Europe (1919)Europe (1919)

► II. II. JapanJapan::►Brought economic growth & prosperityBrought economic growth & prosperity►Seized German colonies in AsiaSeized German colonies in Asia►Territorial, political, & economic Territorial, political, & economic

ambitions in Chinaambitions in China► III. III. ChinaChina::►Opposed to Japanese demandsOpposed to Japanese demands