the holocaust. what we will talk about define the holocaust –who –when –where –why –how...
TRANSCRIPT
The Holocaust
What we will talk about
• Define the Holocaust– Who– When– Where– Why – How– What
• Who is Anne Frank?• The world today
The Holocaust• The Holocaust was the systematic,
bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. "Holocaust" is a word of Greek origin meaning "sacrifice by fire." 1
Who?• Who do you associate with the Holocaust?
– Perpetrators: Hitler, Nazis, German law making officials
– Collaborators: Italy, initially the Soviet Union– Bystanders: Europeans who knew it was
going on– Victims: Jews, Polish, handicapped,
homosexuals, gypsies– Liberators: Europeans who hid Jews, Allies
When did this take place?• Adolf Hitler, the Chancellor of Germany (like our
President), was elected in 1933– He was anti-Semitic– he was prejudice against Jews– He began developing laws against and enforcing
terrible restrictions on the Jewish population in Germany
– He was also prejudice against other groups which he saw as “racially inferior”
• In 1939 he invaded Poland, and began his quest to take over all of Europe (and perhaps the world)– Began enforcing the same laws and restrictions on all
of the European Jewry
When...
• In 1941, the mass deportations and killings of Jews began
• WWII ended in 1945. By then two-thirds of the Jewish population in Europe had been murdered
Where did this take place?
• What places come to mind when you think about the Holocaust?
• Europe– Hitler and the Nazi party were from Germany– They invaded Poland (to the East of
Germany)– Anne Frank was from the Netherlands (North
and West from Germany)
Why did this take place?
• All over Europe there was an existing prejudice against Jewish people
• Hitler and the Nazis wanted to create a superior race
Pyramid of Hate2
How did Hitler create hate?
How could he be so successful?
How did this happen??
Propaganda
• Posters
• Children’s books
• Radio
• Groups
Law• Nuremberg Laws– legislation beginning in 1933
(Germany) mandating restrictions against “enemies of the state”, particularly Jewish people– Marriage– Businesses– Curfews– Property– Dress
What happened?
• Ghettos
• Final Solution
• Deportation
• Concentration Camps
Ghettos
• What is a ghetto?– Enclosed districts of a city in which the
Germans forced the Jewish population to live under miserable conditions. The Germans regarded the establishment of Jewish ghettos as a provisional measure to control, isolate, and segregate Jews.1
Ghettos, continued
• Where were the ghettos?
• Survivor Testimony
Final Solution
• In 1939, the Nazis came to a final decision to annihilate the Jewish population from Europe.
• Deportations increased
• More Jews were sent to concentration camps (extermination camps) at this point, where most died
Deportation
Concentration Camps
Resistance
• How do you resist an enemy?– Physically– Mentally– Spiritually– Emotionally
• Why didn’t they resist more?
Anne Frank
• How many of you have kept a diary or a journal?
• There are 55 diaries which survived the Holocaust that were written by children/teens
• Anne Frank’s is the most famous
Background
• Anne Frank was born in 1929 in Frankfurt, Germany– They were non practicing Jews
• Her family moved in 1933 to the Netherlands because Adolf Hitler came to power
• Father opened the Opeka Company (sold materials necessary for canning foods).
Decision to go into hiding
• Went into hiding in 1942 because Anne’s older sister was ordered to a labor camp
• Went into hiding with another family and eventually gained an eighth roommate
Members of the Secret Annex
Where did they hide?
Sources
• 1United States Holocuast Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org
• 2The Anti-defamation League. http://www.adl.org