The French and Indian War

Adapted from www.worldofteaching.com

Chief Pontiac (Chief of the Ottawa)

“These lakes, these

woods and mountains were left to us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance and we will part with them to no one … You ought to know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided food for us in these spacious lakes and on the woody mountains”

The French and Indian War 1754 to 1763

between France and England

Part of the Seven Years War

Algonquins on the side of the French

Iroquois on the side of the English

The main cause was fashionable hats.

Another cause was too many forts.

The spark was colonial friction, such as the attack on Forts Duquesne by (then) young (then) Major Washington in 1753.

The French and Indian War Braddock Marches to Duquesne

June 1755: Braddock sets out from Virginia

1,400 red-coated British troops & 600 blue-coated colonial militia

Braddock’s army took several weeks to trek through dense forest to Fort Duquesne

They fought in traditional European style

They were unable to adjust to the environment

British Lose to French and Indians During March to Duquesne

William Trent’s Journal Map of Fort Duquesne/Pitt

The French and Indian War 1756-7: The first years of the war went

terribly for the British and their American colonies

The French captured large sections of land, killing settlers, burned farmhouses and crops, and chased many families back to the coast

1758-60: William Pitt becomes military leader of the British, and decides to solve the problem by outspending the French, using money he unfortunately did not have.

The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War The Victory of England

1759: British general James Wolfe finds a way to attack the capital of New France Quebec

His troops find a way up the cliff, and attack and win by surprise. Both French and British commanders died on the battlefield.

1760: The British blockade and capture the French port of Montreal at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River

Most fighting ends in 1760.

The Plains of Abraham

The French and Indian War The Treaty of Paris

1763: The Treaty of Paris marked the end of France as a power in North America

The continent was now divided between Great Britain and Spain with the Mississippi River marking the boundary

Huge debts by the British needed to be paid off.

The Native Americans were left out of the treaty.

Colonists begin to move west.

1763-6: Pontiac’s War

Proclamation of 1763: No settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains

After the French and Indian War