the forum and visitors’ centre scoping conference 28th february 2008
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
www.leswatson.net
University of Exeter
The Forum and Visitors’ CentreScoping Conference
28th February 2008
Learning in the 21st Century
(what we should be thinking about in developing new spaces)
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
21st century
There is, as yet, no paradigm for
the 21st Century University
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Who will weather the financial
storm?
Guardian Education 19th February
2008
“The national student survey - which asks students to rate their university and then publishes the results - has created a certain
pressure. This is now a very competitive environment”
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
21st century
Student library visits fall 20 per cent in a decade
THES 12th October 2007
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
21st century
“There is a need to be imaginative about learning spaces, and universities will have to invest in re-modelling their libraries to accommodate demand”
Toby BaintonTHES 12th October 2007
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Who will weather the financial
storm?
Guardian Education 19th February
2008
“And some, despite being
millions of pounds in the red, still plan to spend millions more on buildings and refurbishments. This at a
time when recession is thought to be around the corner, and borrowing money is getting more expensive.”
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Who will weather the financial
storm?
Guardian Education 19th February
2008
“It just doesn’t do to have
grotty student halls, peeling lecture theatre walls, or unsightly leisure areas. Students are paying fees and can choose to go elsewhere.”
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
SocietyAutomation (Technology)
Asia (Globalisation)
Affluence
18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century
Agricultural Age
(farmers)
Information Age
(knowledge workers)
Industrial Age
(factory workers)
Conceptual Age
(creators, empathisers)
Daniel Pink
A Whole New Mind P.49
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Strategy
The Creative World View
..the reference point is the future, not the past. We don’t need to fall back on the past for our decisions. Choices are based on alignment
with our purpose and our vision for a different world.
George Land & Beth JarmanBreakpoint and Beyond p.166
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
It’s not what we know
The Black Swan
Nassim Nicholas Taleb
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
StrategyPeople
Structure, skills, abilities
TechnologyApplication and pervasiveness
EnvironmentDesign and configuration
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Strategy
SYNERGY:
strategy for people, technology and the campus environment
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Can we use our
buildings to
change the
education system?
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Be unhappy
The truly successful
businessman is essentially a dissenter
J.Paul Getty
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
All buildings are predictions.
Stewart BrandHow Buildings LearnWhat happens to them after they’re built
All predictions are wrong …..
But we can design buildings so that it doesn’t matter if they are wrong.
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What?
Imagine…
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What?
Imagine… a world in which everyone
achieves their full educational potential, where academic and vocational achievement
has equal value, and where experiential learning enables everyone to continually develop their knowledge and skills throughout their life.
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Some themes
• Students• Learning• Creativity• Technology
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What matters?
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Focus
“When we fail - and we do fail - very often you can trace that failure back to the fact that we became too focused on internal priorities. We’ve been thinking too much about what’s good for Carphone Warehouse and forgetting what it’s like to be a customer”
Charles DunstoneCEO Carphone WarehouseNewBusiness Spring 2005
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Focus
“When we fail - and we do fail - very often you can trace that failure back to the fact that we became too focused on internal priorities. We’ve been thinking too much about what’s good for the University and forgetting what it’s like to be a student”
Les WatsonEUNIS conference Spring 2005
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Who?
6%
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Who?
46%
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Are you a digital immigrant?
Do you have a digital immigrant accent:
• Print out your email• Don’t use IM• Don’t go to the internet first• Thinking ‘real life’ happens only offline
• Viewing learning as work
Marc Prensky - Surf conference keynote 2005
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
See the video on youtube:
“A vision for students”
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What’s changed?
• 10,000 hours using video games
• Dealt with 200,000 emails
• 20,000 hours watching TV
• 10,000 hours using a mobile phone
Prensky, 2003
By the age of 21, the average person will have spent
• Under 5,000 hours reading
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Acocrdnig to rseerach at Cmabirdge Uinvrestiy it dsoen’t mtater waht oredr the letetrs are in a wrod. Olny the fisrt and the lsat mtater the rset can be a toatl mses. Tihs is bceasue the huamn mnid deos not raed evrey letetr - olny the frist and the lsat. Amzaing relaly.
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What’s changed?
James Sullivan
Digital Arts Finds More Than Joy in Joysticks
San Francisco Chronicle 22/01/2004
Video games are woven into this generation’s
lives as television was to those of their predecessors.
For example, according to several surveys, the percentage of American College students who say they’ve played video games is 100
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What’s changed?
Physicians who spent at least three hours a week playing video games made about 37 per cent fewer mistakes in laparoscopic surgery and performed the task 27 per cent faster than their counterparts who did not play.
Study: Gamers Make Good Surgeons
CBSNews.com 07/04/2004
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What’s changing?
“Play will be to the 21st century what work was to
the last 300 years of industrial society - our
dominant way of
knowing, doing and
creating value”Pat Kane - The Play Ethic
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The University and learning
“To induce students to think for themselves, work on their own, and to
contribute to the work of groups”Report of the Committee on University
Teaching - Hale Report 1964 (UGC HMSO) para. 249
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What are we trying to do?
….. to move learners from dependence to independence enabling their lifelong learning
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
extrinsic
intrinsic
engagement
motivation
passive active
Primary Schools
Community Learning
Secondary Schools
Universities & Colleges
Entrepreneurs
Researchers
Lifelong Learners
Engagement is more
important than any
content that we can
give them.
Marc Prensky
Without
motivation…
there is no
learning
James Paul Gee
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008Skills
Cha
lleng
es
Low High
High
FLOW
Boredom
Apathy
Worry
Relaxation
Anxiety
Control
Arousal
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What are we trying to do?
….. Creating the conditions to enable flow experiences that motivate and engage learners
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Value of Good Building Designin Higher EducationCABE March 2005
“the way people feel and behave while studying or working within buildings is linked to their overall satisfaction rates and level of happiness”
Spaces can make us happier..
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What’s not Changed?
We are trying to use nineteenth-century institutions to
prepare young people for life in the
twenty-first century.
Yoram Harpaz The Branco Weiss Institute
for the Development of Thinking
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
A different view
We need to rethink our ideas about what it means to be educated
Sir Ken Robinson
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Creative ClassCreative Professionals Super creative core
• management • computer and mathematical
• Business and financial • architecture and engineering
• legal • life, physical, and social science
• healthcare practitioners • education, training, and library jobs
and technical • arts, design, entertainment, sports
• high end sales and and media
sales management
Richard FloridaThe Rise of the Creative Class (p.328)
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Creative Class
“Experiences are replacing goods and services because they stimulate our creative faculties and enhance our creative capacities. This active, experiential lifestyle is spreading and becoming more prevalent in society…”
Richard FloridaThe Rise of the Creative Class(p.168)
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Creative Class
“The best things in life are not things”
Pine and Gilmore
The Experience Economy
p.20
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Experience EconomyProgression of Economic value
Differentiated
Undifferentiated
PricingStandard Premium
Relevant to
Irrelevant to
Customer Need
ExtractCommodities
MakeGoods
Deliver Services
StageExperiences
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Creative Class
“The death-of-place prognostications simply do not
square with the countless people I have interviewed,
the focus groups I’ve observed, and the statistical
research I’ve done. Place and community are more
critical factors than ever before… the economy itself
increasingly takes form around real concentrations of
people in real places” Richard Florida
The Rise of the Creative Class(p.187)
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Informal/Social Learning • The largest discretionary block of time for students is outside the classroom
• Informal learning is self-directed, internally motivated and unconstrained by time, place or formal structures
• Learners construct their own courses of learning, often facilitated by technology• “The full range of students’
learning styles is not covered when interaction is limited to classroom settings.”
―Sheppard, 2000; Dede 2004
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What could learning be like?
“All learning starts with conversation”
John Seely Brown
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What could learning be like?
Much of our of job competence is learned from colleagues
in the workplace
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Conversation=thinking
When I was a kid growing up in Far Rockaway, I had a friend named Bernie Walker. We both had “labs” at home, and we would do various “experiments”. One time, we were discussing something - we must have been 11 or 12 at the time - and I said, “But thinking is nothing but talking to yourself inside.”
Richard P. FeynmanThe Pleasure of Finding Things Out
p.217
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
New spaces for thinking
New types of learning spaces … create new patterns of social and
intellectual interaction … suggest … the entire campus becomes an
interactive learning device.
Mitchell 2004
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
21st century technology
Technologystuff that doesn’t really work yet…
Danny Hillis
quoted in The Clock of the Long Now
Stewart Brand p.16
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Ubiquitous and embedded
Technology
• Available
• Reliable
• Beautiful
• Red hot
• Relevant
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Clickcaster
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Technology and buildings
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Hybrid technology - wired/wireless and fixed/portable
Hybrid information - exponential growth of digital with legacy of paper
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What do we have?
Design is the first signal of human intention
William McDonougharchitect
Design
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What do we have?
“Belief in the significance of architecture is premised on the notion that we are, for better or worse, different people in different places - and on the conviction that it is architecture’s task to render vivid to us who we might really be.”
The Architecture of Happiness p.13
Alain De Botton
Design
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What do we have?
“.. John Ruskin proposed that we seek two
things of our buildings. We want them to
shelter us. And we want them to speak to
us - to speak to us of whatever we find
important and need to be reminded of.”
The Architecture of Happiness p.62
Alain De Botton
Design
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What do we have?
“The notion of buildings that speak helps
us to place at the very centre of our
architectural conundrums the question of
the values we want to live by - rather
than merely of how we want things to
look.”The Architecture of Happiness p.73
Alain De Botton
Design
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What do we have?
Design
Richard P. Feynman
The Pleasure of Finding Things Out p.37
You cannot expect old designs to work in new circumstances
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Multiple Intelligence?
… designing a learning environment that plays to difference
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Multiple Intelligence?
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
JISC on learning space
Designing and Planning Technology Rich Learning SpacesApplied infokit - http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/infokits/learning-space-design - launched March 2007
Spring 2006
The Design and Management of Open Plan Technology Rich Learning and Teaching Space in Further and Higher Education in the UK - Autumn 2007
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Saltire Centre
• A New Library
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
And the Library….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
And the Library….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Geoffrey T. FreemanChanges in Learning Patterns, Technology and Use In Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space, CLIR
As an extension of the classroom, library space needs to embody new pedagogies, including collaborative and interactive modalities. Significantly, the library must serve as the principal building on campus where one can truly experience and benefit from the centrality of an institution’s intellectual community.
And the Library….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Scott BennettRighting the Balance In Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space, CLIR
The knowledge base that guides library space planning is poorly balanced, tilted heavily toward library operations and away from systematic knowledge of how students learn.
And the Library….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Geoffrey T. FreemanChanges in Learning Patterns, Technology and Use In Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space, CLIR
On research (and technology…)
“What used to take two weeks could
now be completed in two hours.”
the Library and research….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Geoffrey T. FreemanChanges in Learning Patterns, Technology and Use In Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space, CLIR
As a result of this efficiency, the researcher’s postdoctoral fellows were asked to be in the library on a regular basis and charged with evaluating
resources and acquiring publications at a pace never before imagined - a research method that became known as search and seize”
the Library and research….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Geoffrey T. FreemanChanges in Learning Patterns, Technology and Use In Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space, CLIR
…any institution seriously considering the future of its libraries must reach a
consensus on the role that it wants these facilities to play in meeting the needs not only of its current academic
community but also of the community it aspires to create in the future.
And the Library….
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
The Saltire Centre
• A New Library• Double the Learning Space• A focused way of delivering services for students
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Our services
Service DesignStudent Access to Services Project
Students should not have to understand how the University [College] is structured in order to access its services
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Old Process New Process
70%70%
20%
10%
Online Help
Generalist
Online Transaction
Specialist
Copyright 2001 Darlene Burnett
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
It’s a fantastic
highly designed
21st century building …… and
it feels like home
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
It’s great …………
is it the Students’ Union?
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
What makes a
good building is not just the
architecture….
It’s the ideas in the building
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
Creating Places
From space to Place
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
It is a “Third Place” for our users
“Third places are neither home nor work - the ‘first two’
places - but venues like coffee shops, bookstores and
cafes in which we find less formal acquaintances.
These comprise ‘the heart of a community’s social vitality’ where people go for good company and lively
conversation”
Richard Florida - The Rise of the Creative Class
Ray Oldenberg - A Great Good Place
Christian Mikunda - Brand Lands, Hot Spots and Cools Spaces - Welcome to the 3rd Place
Pat Kane - The Play Ethic
Robert Putnam - Better Together - Restoring the American Community
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
21st Century Learning Space
In short the design of our learning spaces should become a physical representation of the institution’s vision and strategy for learning -
responsive, inclusive, and supportive of attainment by all
JISC - Designing Spaces for Effective Learning
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
On Campus space
If you can design the physical space,
the social space and the information space together to enhance collaborative learning, then that whole milieu turns into a learning technology. People just
love working there and they start
learning with and from each other.John Seely Brown
former chief scientist, Xerox Corporation
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The Forum and Visitors’ Centre Scoping Conference 28th February 2008
www.leswatson.net