EU Enlargement

Jérôme Torossian

HistoryI. Treaty of Paris (1952)

- The European Coal & Steel CommunityII. Treaty of Rome (1957)

- The European Economic CommunityIII. Treaty of Maastricht (1992)

- Created the European Union IV. Treaty of Lisbon (2009)

- EU’s Relationships

EU StructureEuropean Commission

European Parliament

European Council

Council of the EU

Court of Justice

Court of Auditors

European Central Bank

EU institutions Location

Brussels, Belgium (Headquarters)

Strasbourg, France

Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Frankfurt, Germany

EU Member States

28 countries are members of the EU Croatia AccessesEU – July 1 2013

Candidates for EU

Candidate countries:TurkeyIceland MontenegroMacedonia Serbia

Potential CandidatesAlbania Bosnia and Herzegovina Kosovo

Copenhagen Criteria (1993)

•Stable Institutions

•Democracy

•Rule of Law

•Human Rights

•Respect of Minorities

•Economic

Turkey

Turkey’s background for EU membership

•Turkey is an associate member of the E.E.C since 1963.

•Submitted its application for accession on April 14th 1987.

•Customs Union agreement signed with EU in 1995.

•Recognized as a candidate for EU membership in 1999.

Operation Attila

Economy

The Article 301

Illegal:

•To insult Turkey•The Nation•To insult government institutions

Asia Minor

Croatia

Croatian membership

• Applied for membership in 2003 and became a candidate in 2004

• Accession was supposed to begin in 2005 but was complicated by Slovenia

• Finished accession negotiations and signed the treaty of accession in 2011

• 66% of the Croatian population voted in favor of accession in 2012

• Official accession occurred in July 2013

Accession requirements

• Judicial reform• Crackdown on corruption and organized crime• Strengthen the protection of minorities• Improve protection of human rights• Improve relationship with international court• Settle border disagreements• Environmental protection

Benefits of accession

• Croatian citizens will have access to high quality products at a lower cost

• Access to domestic entitlements throughout the union

• Required adherence to environmental laws

Benefits of EU expansion

• Cleaner Environment• Free trade• Enlargement of the internal market• Higher EU economic growth• More diverse labor market• More jobs• Foreign investment and profits

Downside of expansion

• Increased budgetary contributions for members

• Unemployment • Fear of western migration in search of jobs

Potential outcomes of expansion

• Acceding countries make up 8.2% of the countries economic output

• EU enlargement could mean more investment in Germany

• Could also mean job losses due to migration from new members

Thank You