The End of World War II

By: George Logan, E.J. Justis, Dominick Reyes, Alex Stude, and Kyle deLeon

Horrors of the Holocaust • Allies were aware of these camps.• They learned what was going on in these camps

only at the end of the war.• Dwight Eisenhower described it as: “ Ruthless

disregard with every sense of decency.” along with inhumane.

• Camps were liberated almost immediately.

War Crimes Trials• Axis Powers are charged with war crimes.• Trials were held in Nuremberg. • Trials discredited Totolitarianistic ideology. • Nearly 200 Germans and Austrians were tried.• Many:

• received death sentences. • were imprisoned. • were accused of these crimes and were never captured or put to trial

(mainly in Japan)• showed that the military or political leaders should be fined instead of

the men.

Occupying Allies• War crimes discredited totalitarian ideology.• US tried to ensure peace in Europe. • Japan and Germany tried to create new governments such

as a new democratic situation (mainly occurred in Germany and Japan)

• General MacArthur encouraged Japan to create a new constitution.

Establishing the UN• April 1945- delegates from 50 nations met at San Francisco to draft a

charter for the United Nations.• The United Nations is more involved in worldly affairs than the League of

Nations (its predecessor).• Every nation in the U.N. (under the UN Charter) has one vote in the General

Assembly.• The Security council is much smaller than the General Assembly but has

more power. • The permanent U.N. members which are the U.S., The Soviet Union (now

Russia), Britain, France, and China all have the right to veto any council decision.

• The Security Council has the power to apply economic sanctions and send a peace keeping military force to resolve disputes.

Establishing the UN (Continued)• Since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, more acts of

peacekeeping have been approved. • The U.N. does more than peacekeeping they:

• stop disease outbreaks• create better education• protect refugees• help organizations to economically grow.

• Organizations such as the “World Health Organization” and the “Food and Agricultural Organization” have helped millions around the world.

The Alliance Breaks Apart• The Soviet Union and the nations of the west cooperated to

defeat Germany

• Allies set up councils with Britain, France, China, United

States, and Soviet union to keep peace

• Several peace agreements were created with axis powers in

1947

• German reparations cased tension to greaten between the

powers

• This tension led to the cold war

• Was a state of tension and hostility between nations aligned

with US and nation aligned with the Soviet Union

The Alliance Breaks Apart (Continued)• Stalin had two goals during cold war:

• spread communism

• create a zone of friendly governments as a defense against Germany

• Roosevelt and Churchill rejected Stalin’s views and made him promise “free elections.”

• Stalin Ignored it and his influence cased rapid spread of communism.

• Poland, Czechoslovakia, and elsewhere destroyed local political parties for communism• They assassinated democratic leaders

• By 1948 pro-Soviet communist government were in place throughout Europe

Helping a Ravaged Europe

Truman Doctrine

Outlined a new

policy to Congress on March 12, 1947

Wrote that the U.S will

help any free

people who are being

attacked by

outside armed forces

Helped stop

Soviet and

communism

expansion

Truman’s at it Again Marshal Plan• -Massive aid package where

the U.S sent food and economic assistance to Europe

• -Lent a helping hand for Western Europe to rebuild

• -Extended Marshal Plan to Germany which angered the Soviets

•

Tensions Rise

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