TEACHING TO ENHANCE LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENTChapter 9

TEACHING: A SCIENCE & AN ART

ECE TEACHER’S ROLE IS COMPLEX! Know the Learner Know what to Teach Know how to Teach

THE SCIENCE OF TEACHING Public Law 107-220 ~ No Child Left Behind

Act of 2001 – emphasis on scientifically based practice

Informed by: Science of child development Cognitive science or how people learn Research on effective instructional strategies and

contexts Based on two sets of questions:

What skills and abilities predict children’s later outcomes in reading, writing and math?

What teaching behaviors, curriculum, interventions contribute to or inhibit gains

CLASSROOM RESEARCH The daily interaction among teachers and

children is THE most important determinant of the quality and effectiveness of programs from infancy through primary grades

CLASS RESEARCH

Teachers are positive, sensitive and manage the classroom well

CLASS 5/7 points Positive supportive

classrooms for children

Use of variety of teaching strategies to promote concept development and higher order thinking

Interactions are intentional; environment supports child initiated learning

CLASS 2/7 Little instruction;

worksheets; 40% routines & transitions without learning

Emotional Climate Instructional Climate

RESEARCH HAS LIMITS Goal is to prepare you to create an effective

instructional climate When research is strong – professional

responsibility to adhere to its guidance Research on effective teaching is evolving In some cases not available; in some cases

contradictory (diverse language; cultural backgrounds; differing abilities)

THE ART OF TEACHING Requires Vision, Creativity, and Decision

Making Many variables – cannot all be controlled Effective teaching requires creatively

adapting to individual children and to the situations that arise

The Wonders of Learning http://www.thewonderoflearning.com/exhibiti

on/?lang=en-GB

WONDERS OF LEARNING

WONDERS OF LEARNING

WONDERS OF LEARNING

WONDERS OF LEARNING

WONDERS OF LEARNING

WONDERS OF LEARNING

BUILD A REPERTOIRE OF EFFECTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES Teaching Strategy – Behavior or activity

deliberately selected and flexibly applied to help students construct meaning INTENTIONAL TEACHING

Conscious thought Flexible decision making

Learning Strategy - How children construct meaning in any context or situation

TOOLS FOR LEARNING

Teacher takes the lead

Provides explicit information and modeling or demonstrates a skill

Determined by the teacher’s goals and direction

Child gains knowledge and skills

Through their own exploration

Interactions with objects and other children

Teacher Initiated Child Initiated

AN ARRAY OF TEACHING STRATEGIES1. Acknowledging and encouraging2. Giving quality feedback3. Modeling4. Demonstrating5. Giving cues, hints and offering assistance6. Creating and adding challenges7. Questioning8. Co-Constructing9. Giving direct or explicit instruction10. Scaffolding – combining strategies

THE POWER OF SCAFFOLDING Integrated Approach to reach all students Scaffolding – elevated structure; support to do

the work; reach the goal Metaphor for a series of teacher behaviors that

support children’s ability to accomplish learning tasks or solve a problem that they could not otherwise accomplish independently.

Scaffolding = working in the zone of proximal development

Teacher takes responsibility and gradually releases it to the child until they have full responsibility

WONDERS OF LEARNING I do…

you watch I do…

you help You do…

I help You do…

I watch