tackifiers in adhesives teaser
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Tackifiers in adhesives(teaser)
Dr Evert Smit
December 2009
• Introduction Arizona Chemical
• Tackifiers– Their action – looking at molecular scale– Chemistries– Effect in formulations– DMA
• Conclusions
Content
• 10 Manufacturing facilities
• Broad-based research and development
• Regional headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida and Almere, Netherlands
• 2 Research, Development& Technical Service labs
– Almere, The Netherlands
– Savannah, Georgia US
Our company
SustainabilityBiorefining- A New Word forour Decades of Experience!
Renewable rawmaterial
Refining andproducing chemicals
Co-product of pulpproduction
Providing sophisticated productsfor the global chemical industry
PULP MILLArizona Chemical
Biorefinery:“A facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment toproduce fuels, power and added-value chemicals from biomass”Source: Wikipedia
Introduction
• What is a tackifier ?
• What does it do ?
• How does it do this?
Introduction:What is a tackifier ?• Low molecular weight material
(resin) (Mn 300-2000)
• Compatible or partially compatiblewith rubber/elastomeror adhesive base polymer
• Has a Tg (glass transitiontemperature) higher than that of therubber/elastomer or base polymer
Introduction:What does a tackifier do ?• The tackifier modifies the adhesive
polymer matrix1. It (partly) breaks up the existing structure
Enhances the mobility,thus enhances the tack size effect depends on compatibilitycompatibility
2. Increases adhesive force by providing “anchorpoints” for specific adhesion and bridging– almost like a surfactant– Again, compatibility compatibility is key
3. But also increases the Tg of the formulatedadhesive (=tackifier+polymer+additives)
Effect depends on amount
Example: hotmelt
Tackifying Resins
• Types of Tackifying Resins
– Chemistry
– Characteristics
Tackifying Resins – Types
• Rosin derivatives– Pure– Dispersion
• Hydrocarbons– C5, C9, C5/C9, AMS
• Terpenes– Polymerised– Styrenated– Phenolated
Tackifying resins based on rosin
• Bonding– The molecule has 2 distinct areas
• Lipophilicenabling embedding in apolar areas
• Polarfor interaction with theadhesive polymer
CH3
HO2 C
CH3
CH3
Tackifying Resins –Hydrocarbon Resins
• Chemistry
– Aliphatic C5• cis, trans 1,3-Pentadiene, cyclopentene,
cyclopentadiene• -C=C- and –C=C-C=C- functionality• (Non) low polar• ‘like like’ compatibility
Tackifying Resins – Terpenes
• Chemistry– Terpene phenols
– α-Pinene, β-pinene, d-Limonene + phenol– -C=C- functionality– Aliphatic, polar (-OH) nature
Effect of Tackifiers in Formulations
• EVA– Typically packaging & non-woven
• Acrylates– Solvent based– Dispersions
• Block copolymers– SBS– SIS– … not yet: OBC / metallocenes
Synthetic Rubber
Styrene Mid-Block StyreneStyrene Mid-Block Styrene
Styrene End-blocks•Sharp, crystalline melt point•Allows for melt processing•Provides cohesive strength
Mid-blocks•Soft, flexible•Elastomeric•Readily tackified
SIS AdhesiveRoom Temperature Shear
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
minutes
100C polyterpene100C rosin esterC5 hydrocarbon95C terpene phenol
DMA
How to measure the effect of a tackifier and aplasticiser ?
• Measure tack, peel and shear performance– Generates real-life real-life numbers
Or
• Dynamical Mechanical Analysis– Makes molecular interactions visible– Helps to predict adhesive performance and processability
Contact Details
Dr Evert SmitTechnical Leader Adhesives
Arizona ChemicalArizona ChemicalTransistorstraat 161322 CE AlmereThe Netherlands
Mobile: +31 653 29 50 32Office: +31 36 54 62 924
http://http://www.arizonachemical.comwww.arizonachemical.com