table of contents 1.1 states of matter solidsolid liquidliquid gasgas
TRANSCRIPT
Table of ContentsTable of Contents
1.11.1
States of MatterStates of Matter
•Solid Solid •LiquidLiquid
•GasGas
Write down 2 Write down 2 examples of solids, examples of solids, liquids and gasesliquids and gases
• SolidsSolids
• IceIce
• KeysKeys
• GoldGold
• PenPen
• woodwood
• LiquidsLiquids
• JuiceJuice
• WaterWater
• SodaSoda
• MilkMilk
• gasolinegasoline
• Gases
• Oxygen
• Smoke
• Air
• Propane
• Methane
• CO2
Write down 2 Write down 2 examples of solids, examples of solids, liquids and gasesliquids and gases
• SolidsSolids
• GoldGold
• IronIron
• StoneStone
• SoapSoap
• CheeseCheese
• MetalsMetals
• LiquidsLiquids
• SodaSoda
• WaterWater
• JuiceJuice
• OilOil
• MilkMilk
• shampooshampoo
• Gases• Carbon
dioxide• Oxygen• Steam• Nitrogen• Helium• Smoke
Liquids
Solids
Gases
• A mixture, such as A mixture, such as the pizza or soft the pizza or soft drink shown, is a drink shown, is a material made up material made up of two or more of two or more substances that can substances that can be easily separated be easily separated by physical means.by physical means.
Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• A combination of two or more substances in which the basic identity of each substance is not changed.
Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
Heterogeneous Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• A mixture in which A mixture in which different materials can be different materials can be distinguished easily is distinguished easily is called a called a heterogeneousheterogeneous (he tuh ruh JEE nee us)(he tuh ruh JEE nee us) mixture.
• Most of the substances you come in contact with every day are heterogeneous mixtures. Some components are easy to see, like the ingredients in pizza, but others are not.
Heterogeneous Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• For example, the cheese in pizza is also a mixture, but you cannot see the individual components.
Homogeneous Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• A A homogeneoushomogeneous (hoh muh (hoh muh JEE nee us)JEE nee us) mixturemixture contains contains two or more gaseous, liquid, two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended or solid substances blended evenly throughout.evenly throughout.
• Soft drinks contain water, sugar, flavoring, coloring, and carbon dioxide gas.
Homogeneous Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• Soft drinks in sealed bottles are examples of homogeneous mixtures.
• Another name for homogeneous mixtures like a cold soft drink is solution.
Homogeneous Mixtures
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container.
•Materials are made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances.
Pure Substances
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• A pure substance, or simply a substance, is a type of matter with a fixed composition.
• A substance can be either an element or a compound.
Alloys 15.115.1
•Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.
Alloys 15.115.1
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.
Alloys 15.115.1
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
• Examples
Gold Alloys - Pure gold is generally too soft to be used for jewelry, so other metals are nearly always added to it
Gold Alloys 15.115.1
Composition of MatterComposition of Matter
Gold Karat Markings24K gold is pure gold. 18K gold contains 18 parts
gold and 6 parts of another metal(s), making it 75% gold.
Gold Alloys 15.115.1
Gold Karat Markings12K gold contains 12 parts
gold and 12 parts of another metal(s), making it 50% gold.
10K gold contains 10 parts gold and 14 parts another metal(s), making it 41.7% gold.
Alloys 15.115.1
White Gold AlloysNickel can be mixed with
gold to create a white (or gray) color; it can cause dermatitis in people who are sensitive to nickel.
White Gold AlloysNickel can be mixed with
gold to create a white (or gray) color; it can cause dermatitis in people who are sensitive to nickel.
Alloys 15.115.1• 2007 American Eagle Silver
Dollars
US Mint American Eagle Silver Dollars are not sold directly to the American public, but are available through coin distributors.
• 2007 American Eagle Silver Dollars
US Mint American Eagle Silver Dollars are not sold directly to the American public, but are available through coin distributors.
Alloys
• coins are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper for pennies and 75% copper and 25% nickel for nickels. Copper costs have risen 24 % since the start of this year.
• coins are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper for pennies and 75% copper and 25% nickel for nickels. Copper costs have risen 24 % since the start of this year.
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L L M M GG
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10001000 1010100100
1/101/10 1/10001/1000
1/1001/10011
Metric PrefixesMetric PrefixesMetric PrefixesMetric Prefixesiloilo ec
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$500$500
600. cg = how many
kg?
600. cg = how many
kg?
MetricsMetrics
$500$500
Scores
MetricsMetrics
$500$500
.00600 .00600 Scores
MetricsMetrics
$500$500
.00600 .00600 Scores
MetricsMetrics
MeasurementMeasurement
massmass gramgram G (kg)G (kg) Triple Beam Triple Beam BalanceBalance
volumevolume LiterLiter L, mL, L, mL, cmcm33
Graduated cylinder Graduated cylinder or ruleror ruler
lengthlength metermeter mm Ruler, meter stickRuler, meter stick
temperaturetemperature CelsiusCelsius CC ThermometerThermometer
Type of Type of Measurement Measurement
(quantity)(quantity)
SISI
UnitUnit
symbolsymbol Lab Equipment or Lab Equipment or instrument instrument
o
TimeTime SecondSecond SS Stop Watch/ClockStop Watch/Clock
Measurement-Volume (liquidliquid)
Graduated cylinder
Lab Equipment or instrument mL, L
meniscusmeniscus
Measurement-Volume (solidsolid)
Ruler, meter stick
V= L x W x HV= L x W x H
V=5V=5cm cm X 5X 5cmcm X 1X 1cmcm
V= 25 cmV= 25 cm33
Lab Equipment or instrument
cm3
Length
Hei
ght
Wid
th1 cm
5 cm
5 cm
Measurement-Mass
Triple Beam Balance
Lab Equipment or instrument mg, cg, g, kg
Measurement-Mass
Ruler, Meter Stick, Tape Measure
Lab Equipment or instrument mm, cm, m, km
Measurement-Temperature
ThermometerLab Equipment or instrument Celsius
Measurement-Time
Stop Clock/Watch
Lab Equipment or instrument seconds