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STUDENT EXPERIMENTS 3bscientific.com

3B STUDENT Kit • Acoustics Kit • Student Experiment Kits • Fuel Cell Experiment System • Light Box • Basic Student Experiments • Instrumentation

Effect of air pressure on a slightly inflated balloon. Please go to page 32.

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3B STUDENT Kit STUDENT Kit – Basic Set 4

STUDENT Kit – Mechanics 5

STUDENT Kit – Heat 6

STUDENT Kit – Optics 7

STUDENT Kit – Electricity 8

STUDENT Kit – Electrostatics 10

Acoustics Kit 11

Student Experiment Kits (SEK) SEK Mechanics 12

SEK Heat 14

SEK Electricity and Magnetism 16

SEK Optics 18

SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves 20

SEK Ultrasonic Waves 22

SEK Radioactivity 24

SEK Solar Energy 26

Kröncke Optical System for Student Exercises

and Practical Courses 28

Fuel Cell Experiment System 30

Light Box 31

Basic Student Experiments 32

Instrumentation 34

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P-1000730

Student Experiments for Lower Secondary LevelThe versatile 3B STUDENT Kits allow students in lower secondary level to work independently in setting up and carrying out a compre-hensive range of basic experiments on the topics of mechanics, heat, optics, electrostatics and electricity. Detailed instructions for the experiments, divided into pages for students and pages for teachers, help the students to perform the experiments and enable the teach-ers to make the necessary preparations.

Each equipment set-up enables students to work in pairs and requires a bench area of only 400 mm x 250 mm, which is sufficient to ensure a clear and stable set-up. The robust components are made of anodised aluminium, plastic or glass.

STUDENT Kit – Basic SetBasic set of apparatus for use with STUDENT Kits for mechanics (P-1000731) and heat (P-1000732). Consisting of a robust base-plate made of plastic, stands and clamps made of anodised aluminium and other components that are used in both mechanics and heat experi-ments. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items plus a transparent lid. Includes a CD with instruc-tions for the experiments.

Contents: 1 Base-plate 2 Stand bases 2 Stand rods, 360 mm 1 Stand rod, 250 mm 2 Stand rods, 100 mm 2 Double clamps with slot 1 Clip, 8 mm diam. 1 Clip 22 mm diam. 1 Clip 27 mm diam. 1 Beaker, 500 ml 1 Test tube 1 Glass tube, 50 mm 1 Glass tube, 250 mm 1 Silicone tube, 500 mm x 6 mm diam. 4 g Glycerine 1 CD with sets of instructions

for experiments

P-1000730

3B STUDENT Kit | Basic Set

3B STUDENT Kits

Please ask for quantity discounts on class sets for 8 pieces and more

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P-1000731

3bscientific.com

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

Includes 25 Experiments on the Subject of Mechanics:• Effects of forces • Action and reaction • Deformation by forces (2 experiments) • Masses and densities of bodies • Friction • Second class lever • First class lever (2 experiments) • Fixed pulley • Moving pulleys • Combinations of fixed and moving pulleys

(block and tackle)• Inclined plane (2 experiments) • Connected vessels • Pressure in liquids • Principle of the U-tube manometer • Pressure due to weight of fluids • Buoyancy in liquids • Floating and sinking • Air as a body • Pressure and volume • Temperature and volume • Effects of atmospheric pressure

Equipment Mechanics:P-1000731 STUDENT Kit – MechanicsP-1000730 STUDENT Kit – Basic Set

First class lever

STUDENT Kit – MechanicsSet of apparatus for carrying out 25 basic student experiments on the mechanics of solids, liquids, and gases. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items and a transparent lid. The experiments are designed to occupy as little space as possi-ble on the base-plate of the STUDENT Kit basic set (P-1000730), while remaining clear and easy to perform. Includes a CD with instruc-tions for the experiments.

P-1000731

Additionally required:P-1000730 STUDENT Kit – Basic Set

Contents: 1 Steel leaf spring 1 Lever arm 1 Ruler 1 Pulley 1 Pulley with hook 1 Weight, 100 g 3 Weights, 50 g 2 Weights, 25 g 1 Dynamometer, 2 N 1 Metal pivot 4 Washer rings to fit metal pivot 1 Pulley with cord 1 Trolley 1 Friction pad 1 Coil spring 1 Iron block

1 Aluminium block 1 Wooden block 1 Silicone tube,

500 mm x 3 mm diam. 1 Tubing connector 1 Clip, 8 mm diam. 1 Clip, 14 mm diam. 1 Syringe, 60 ml 1 Syringe, 30 ml 1 Plastic sphere 1 Rubber stopper

(30 mm x 31 /25 mm diam.) 1 Funnel, 40 mm diam. 1 U-tube manometer 1 Measuring cylinder 100 g Modelling clay

Mechanics | 3B STUDENT Kit

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P-1000732

Includes 10 Experiments on the Subject of Heat:• Principle of a thermometer• Heating of solid bodies• Heating of liquid bodies• Heating of gases• Behaviour of bimetallic objects• Conduction of heat• Radiation of heat• Condensation• Distillation• Temperature of mixtures

Equipment Heat:P-1000732 STUDENT Kit – HeatP-1000730 STUDENT Kit – Basic Set

Principle of a thermometer

STUDENT Kit – HeatSet of apparatus for carrying out 10 basic student experiments on heat. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items and a transparent lid. The experiments are designed to occupy as little space as possible on the base-plate of the STUDENT Kit basic set (P-1000730), while remaining clear and easy to perform. Includes a CD with instructions for the experiments.

Contents:1 Conical flask, 100 ml1 Bimetallic strip1 Concave mirror mounted on stem1 Aluminium rod 200 mm1 Thermometer, –10°C – +100°C1 Glass tube with 90° bend1 Rubber stopper, 25 mm x 24/19 mm diam.1 Spirit burner1 Ceramic mat

P-1000732

Additionally required:P-1000730 STUDENT Kit – Basic Set

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

3B STUDENT Kit | Heat


7

P-1000734P-1000733

3bscientific.com

Includes 23 Experiments on the Subject of Optics:• Propagation of light• Light and shadows• Reflection at a plane mirror• Concave and convex mirrors• Refraction of light (2 experiments)• Refractive index• Optical lenses (paths of rays)• Focal point of convergent lenses• Focal length of convergent lenses• Formation of images with converging lenses• Laws of images• Magnifying glasses• Function of the eye• Function of spectacles (2 experiments) • Principle of a camera• Principle of a slide projector• Principle of a Galilean telescope• Principle of an astronomical telescope• Principle of a microscope• Breaking down light into its components• Mixing of colours

Equipment Optics:P-1000734 STUDENT Kit – Optics (230 V, 50/60 Hz) orP-1000733 STUDENT Kit – Optics (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

Principle of a slide projector

STUDENT Kit – OpticsSet of apparatus for carrying out 23 basic student experiments in op-tics. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items and a transparent lid. Includes a CD with instructions for the experiments. The experiments are designed to occupy as little space as possible on the included optical bench, while remaining clear and easy to perform.

Contents: 2 Lenses, f = +100 mm 1 Lens, f = +50 mm 1 Lens, f = -100 mm 1 Lens, f = +300 mm 1 Diaphragm holder 1 Plug-in power supply unit for optical

lights 1 Optical light 1 Overlay mask protractor 1 Projection screen/experiment table 1 Optic bench 2 Tea lights 1 Opaque body 1 Single aperture slot 1 Triple aperture slot 1 Colour slide M-Y-C 1 F diaphragm 1 Flexible mirror 1 Coplanar board 1 Semicircular body 1 Converging lens 1 Diverging lens 1 Right-angled prism 2 Sheets of graph paper, transparent DIN A5 1 Scale

STUDENT Kit Optics (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1000734

STUDENT Kit Optics (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1000733

Optics | 3B STUDENT Kit

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P-1017213

STUDENT Kit – ElectricitySet of apparatus for carrying out 28 fundamental student experiments on electricity. Stored in a tough Gratnells tray with foam inlay featuring recesses moulded to the shape of the apparatus and covered by a transparent lid. Circuits are assembled using components in plug-in housings plugged into a plug-in board. Power is supplied via 2 D-cell, LR20, 1.5 V batteries (batteries not included) or via an external power sup-ply. Includes a CD with instructions for the experiments.

P-1017213

Contents: 1 Plug-in Board for Components 2 Battery Holders 1 Set of Conductors and Non-

Conductors 1 Set of 10 E10 lamps;

1.3 V, 60 mA 1 Set of 10 E10 lamps;

3.8 V, 300 mA 3 E10 lamp sockets 2 Change-over switches 1 Toggle switch, single pole 1 Push-button (NO), single pole 1 Roll of chrome-nickel wire 1 Roll of constantan wire 1 Roll of iron wire 1 Set of 10 connecting plugs 6 Connecting plugs, 4 mm 6 Crocodile clips 1 Potentiometer, 220 Ω 1 Linear Resistor, 47 Ω, 2 W 2 Linear Resistors, 100 Ω, 2 W 2 Zinc plates 2 Copper plates 2 Carbon plates 1 Glass trough 1 Set of 3 experiment leads, red 1 Set of 3 experiment leads, blue 1 Roll of experiment cord 1 Weight, 50 g 1 Tea candle

Incandescent bulbs connected in series

Includes Instructions for 28 Experiments on Electricity:• Simple electric circuits (2x)• Electrical conductors and insulators• Production of heat and light• Various sources of electricity *• Conduction in liquids *• Single-pole change-over switches (SPDT)• Two-way switches• Measurement of current in a simple electric

circuit **• Measurement of voltage in a simple electric

circuit **• Incandescent lamps connected in series• Incandescent lamps connected in parallel• Terminal voltage and open-circuit (no-load)

voltage **• Batteries connected in series and parallel **• Battery made from a lemon **• Relationship between voltage and current de-

termined by varying voltage * / **• How electrical power depends on other varia-

bles in an electric circuit * / **• How electrical work depends on other variab-

les in an electric circuit * / **• Ohmic resistance * / **• How electrical resistance depends on tempe-

rature (2x) * / **• How electrical resistance depends on the

length of the wire * / **• How electrical resistance depends on the

cross section of the wire * / **• How electrical resistance depends on the ma-

terial of the wire * / **• Resistivity * / **• Resistors connected in series * / **

• Resistors connected in parallel * / **• Variable resistors• Potentiometers * / **

Equipment Electricity:P-1017213 STUDENT Kit – Electricity

P-1002776 DC power supply, 0 – 12 V, 3 A (230 V; 50/60 Hz)

orP-1002775 DC power supply, 0 – 12 V,

3 A (115 V; 50/60 Hz)(for experiments marked *)

P-1013526 Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 30

(for experiments marked **)

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

3B STUDENT Kit | Electricity

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3bscientific.com

Incandescent bulbs connected in series

Battery made from a lemon

Conduction in liquids

Variable resistors

Electricity | 3B STUDENT Kit


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P-1009883

Includes 15 Experiments on the Subject of Electrostatics:• Electrostatic charging of hair• Forces on uncharged particles• Charge indicator• Forces between charged bodies• Build your own electroscope• Electroscope• “Shock of hair”• Demonstrating charge on a capacitor• “Charge pendulum”• “Spinner”• Charging due to induction• Transfer of charge using a “charge spoon”• Faraday’s cup• Faraday’s cage• Plate capacitor

Equipment Electrostatics:P-1009883 Student Kit – Electrostatics

STUDENT Kit – ElectrostaticsSet of apparatus for carrying out 15 basic student experiments on electrostatics. Including electroscope, charge indicator, charge stor-age unit and Piezo charger. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items and a transparent lid. Includes a CD with instructions for the experiments. The experiments are designed to occupy as little space as possible in the apparatus frame, while remaining clear and easy to perform.

Contents: 1 Stand base 1 Apparatus frame 2 Aluminium rods 1 Aluminium rod with magnet 1 Electroscope 1 Plastic plate, angled 1 Plastic rod 1 Glass rod 1 Conductor body 1 Set of needles 1 Spinner 1 Pendulum bob (polystyrene) 1 Screw-on needle 1 Set of plasticine 2 Experiment leads 1 Set of balloons 1 Set of papers with 1 plastic cloth 1 Set of metal strips 1 Piezo charger 1 Faraday cage 1 Faraday cup 1 Charge indicator 1 Charge storage unit 2 Capacitor plates 1 Dielectric

P-1009883

“Shock of hair”

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

3B STUDENT Kit | Electrostatics


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P-1000816

3bscientific.com

Representation of oscillations with a tuning fork with plotter pen

Acoustics KitComplete set of equipment for carrying out more than 30 student experiments on acoustics. In plastic tray with foam inlay.Dimensions: 530x375x155 mm³ approx.Weight: 4.5 kg approx.

The acoustics kit allows students to carry out numerous experi-ments on acoustics independently. A wide variety of sound sources are studied to begin with and the concepts of noise, bangs and tones as well as pitch and loudness are investigated. Waves along a rope are used to illustrate harmonic vibrations and overtones. There is also some extensive study of various differ ent musical instru ments. Different high-pitched tones are generated by means of a monochord and the ensuing intervals are calculated experimentally. These studies are expanded to other instruments and can easily lead over to a study of musical notes.

Experiment Topics:• Noise, bangs, pure tones• Vibrating air columns• Whistles and pipes• Vibrating bars, plates and

bells• Infra-sound• Ultra-sound• Tuning fork with plotter pen• Travelling waves along a rope • Velocity of propagation of

sound• Moving sources of sound

(Doppler effect)• Plate vibrations (Chladni

figures)• Vibrations of a bell• Standing waves on a rope,

overtones• Sounds of musical

instruments

• Representation of oscillations with a tuning fork with plotter pen

• Timbre of the human voice• Measurement of wavelength

(Kundt figures)• Resonance• Helmholtz ball resonators• Sound analysis• Loudness• Pitch of string instruments• Pitch of wind instruments• Reed pipe• C-major scale and its

intervals• Triads, harmonies• Semitones, major and minor

Contents: 1 Monochord, with ruler and

musical scale 1 Steel string 1 Perlon string 1 Spring balance on support 1 Reed pipe with 8 valves 1 Tuning fork with plotter pen,

21 Hz 1 Tuning fork, 440 Hz 1 Light-metal tuning fork,

1700 Hz 1 Pipe 1 Variable-length closed air

column 1 Tuned open air column 1 Chladni disc with rod 1 Bell dome 1 Galton whistle 1 Kundt pipe with retaining clip 5 g Lycopodium powder in

sprinkling cellar 1 Metallophone with beater 1 Rope for demonstrating waves 1 Helmholtz resonator,

70 mm diam. 1 Helmholtz resonator,



32 mm diam. 1 Screw clamp 1 Plastic block 1 Plunger

P-1000816

ACOUSTICS KIT

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P-1008527

Includes 23 Experiments on the Subject of Mechanics:• Hooke’s law• Calibrating a dynamometer• Deformation of a leaf spring• Addition of forces acting along the same line• Resolution of a force into two components• Investigation of inertia• Types of friction• Laws of static and kinetic friction• Equilibrium conditions for a first-class lever• Equilibrium conditions for second and third-class levers• Forces, paths and work with fixed pulleys• Forces, paths and work with non-fixed pulleys• Forces, paths and work with block and tackle• Forces, paths and work with multiple pulleys• Forces on an inclined plane

SEK MechanicsSet of equipment for carrying out 23 student experiments on the mechanics of solids. In a tough plastic box containing a foam insert with cut-outs for the equipment and featuring a transparent lid. Includes CD with experiment instructions. Experiments are set up and performed on the SEK base plate (P-1000789) so that they are compact but still clear in their layout and objectives.

P-1008527

Contents: 2 Stand rods with external

and internal thread, 400 mm

1 Stand rod with external thread, 400 mm

2 Stand rods, 110 mm 2 Double clamps 1 Beam balance 2 Weighing pans with holders 1 Scale for balance 1 Axle rod for pulleys 1 Rolling pin with add-on

weights 1 Block and tackle with two

pulleys and two hooks 1 Block and tackle with two

pulleys and one hook 1 Multiple pulley 1 Plastic pulley, 40 mm 4 Weights, 25 g 1 Weight, 50 g 1 Weight, 100 g 1 Magnetic base 1 Adjustable bracket 2 S-shaped hooks, 1 g 2 S-shaped hooks, 2 g 2 S-shaped hooks, 5 g 4 O-rings 1 Body for friction and inertia

experiments 1 Set of plastic strips for

friction experiment 1 Dynamometer 1 N 1 Dynamometer 2 N 1 Leaf spring, 330 mm 1 Coil spring with 2 eyelets,

approx. 5 N/m100 m of twine 2 Pointers 1 Measuring cylinder 1 Stand base for measuring

cylinder 3 Strips of velour paper 1 Set square 1 Ruler

• Determining the volume of solid bodies• Determining the mass of solid bodies (beam balance)• Determination of density• Determining the nature of a material by measuring

density• Specific weight and buoyancy• Period of a string pendulum• Determining gravitational acceleration with the aid

of a string pendulum • Period of a spring oscillator

Equipment mechanics:P-1008527 SEK MechanicsP-1000789 SEK Base Plate

Student Experiment Kits (SEK)With the comprehensive and practical student experiment kits students can indepen-dently carry out numerous experiments on mechanics, heat, optics, electricity and magnetism, solar energy, oscillations and waves, or radioactivity. To help them there are detailed instructions for all the experiments. Each of the experiments only requires a small amount of space, but nevertheless an easily understood and stable set-up is always assured. The prescribed layouts for the experiment set-ups make it possible for teachers to quickly assess the progress and success achieved by individual students conducting the experiments.

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Mechanics


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P-1000789

3bscientific.com

SEK Base PlateTilt-resistant stainless-steel base with five special threads for the tilt-free inser tion of stand rods, threads for mounting a dismantling trans-former and numerous expansion slots for the insertion of electrical components. With stable and nonslip rubber feet.Dimensions: 400x245x15 mm³ approx.

P-1000789

Second and third-class levers

Block and tackle

Hooke’s law

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

SEK Mechanics | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

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P-1008528

Includes 22 Experiments on the Subject of Heat:• Change in the volume of liquids due to heating• Calibration of a thermometer• Change in the volume of air due to changes in temperature• Changes in state of an enclosed volume of air• Changes in the length of solid bodies when heated• Linear expansion coefficient• Investigations using bimetal strips• Transfer of heat in solid bodies• Transfer of heat in liquids• Transfer of heat in gases• Radiation of heat• Slowing down the transport of heat• Temperature changes when liquids are heated• Fundamental equation of thermodynamics• Mixing water of differing temperatures,

temperature of mixture• Specific heat capacity of a calorimeter• Specific heat capacity of metals• Initial temperature of a metal body heated

in a flame• Conversion of electrical energy into heat • Temperature changes when ice melts• Specific latent heat of melting ice• Boiling and condensation of water• Distillation• Evaporation of liquids (what it depends on

and heat loss due to evaporation) Equipment Heat:P-1008528 SEK HeatP-1000789 SEK Base Plate

SEK HeatSet of equipment for carrying out 22 basic student experiments on heat. In a tough plastic box containing a foam insert with cut-outs for the equipment and featuring a transparent lid. Includes CD with ex-periment instructions. Experiments are set up and performed on the SEK base plate (P-1000789) so that they are compact but still clear in their layout and objectives.

P-1008528

Changes in the length of solid bodies when heated

Contents: 1 Stand rod with internal and

external threads, 400 mm 4 Wooden rods 1 Metal tube, short 1 Pointer/hook 1 Stirrer 1 Steel tube 1 Brass tube 1 Aluminium tube

1 Thermometer without scale,

red liquid 2 Thermometers, -10 − 110°C,

1 K, red liquid 1 Capillary tube 1 Bimetal strip with 10-mm

stub10 Round filters10 Sheets of thermal paper 1 Steel body 1 Lead body 1 Spirit burner 1 Beaker, 100 ml 1 Conical flask, 100 ml 1 Test tube holder with rod

attachment 1 Test tube 1 Measuring cylinder, 50 ml 1 Calorimeter with heating

filament , 200 ml 1 Rubber stopper with two

holes 2 Rubber stoppers with one

hole 1 10 g weight with hook 2 Double clamp 5 ml of food colouring10 g of table salt 1 Holder for metal beaker 1 Metal beaker, black 1 Metal beaker, aluminium 4 g of glycerine 1 Hose 2 Round gaskets 1 Angle scale10 Sheets of paper 5 Sheets of aluminium foil

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Heat


153bscientific.com

Investigation of a bi-metallic strip

Heat transfer in solid bodies

Specific heat capacity of metals

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

SEK Heat | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

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P-1008532

• Closed circuits• Conductors and insulators• Circuits with no branches• Circuits with branches• Current in a circuit with no branches• Current in a circuit with branches• Initial voltage and terminal voltages• Voltage in a circuit with no branches• Voltage in a circuit with branches• Voltage dividers• Ohm’s law• Temperature dependence of a resistor (iron wire)• Current-voltage diagram for a light bulb• Current-voltage diagram for a thermistor• Law of resistance• Resistance in a circuit with no branches• Resistance in a circuit with branches• Resistance and voltage in a circuit with no branches• Resistance and current in a circuit with branches• Voltage dividers with and without a load• Voltage-time diagram for charging and discharging of a

capacitor• Current-time diagram for charging and discharging of a

capacitor• Relationship between charge and voltage• Capacitor in the DC and AC circuit (response)• Test bodies in a magnetic field• Magnetic poles

• Magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet and a bar magnet• Magnetic dipoles• A coil used as a magnet• Forces in the magnetic field of a coil• Induction due to relative motion• Induction due to changes in magnetic field• Induction law• Ohmic resistance in AC and DC circuits• Capacitors in AC and DC circuits (resistance)• Coils in AC and DC circuits • How a transformer works• Voltage and number of windings for a transformer with no load• Transformer under load• Transformer under heavy load• Thermoelectricity

Equipment Electricity:P-1008532 SEK Electricity and MagnetismP-1000789 SEK Base PlateP-1013526 Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 30 P-1019426 SEK Power Supply (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1000997 SEK Power Supply (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

SEK Electricity and MagnetismSet of equipment for carrying out 41 student experiments on electrici-ty and magnetism. In a tough plastic box containing a foam insert with cut-outs for the equipment and featuring a transparent lid. Includes CD with experiment instructions. The experiments are set up and per-formed in a space saving fashion but are still clearly laid out on the SEK base plate (P-1000789).

P-1008532

Contents: 1 Set of experiment leads 1 Bar magnet,

65x16x5 mm approx. 1 Horseshoe magnet, ALNICO,

flat 1 Resistor board 1 Transformer core, 20x20 mm 1 Tightening screw 1 Coil, 200/400/600 windings 1 Coil, 400/400/800 windings 2 Current branches

(plug-in components) 1 Potentiometer, 100 Ω

(plug-in component) 1 Switch (plug-in component) 1 Capacitor, 4700 μF

(plug-in component) 1 Capacitor, 10 μF

(plug-in component) 1 Resistor, 33 Ω

(plug-in component)

1 Resistor, 47 Ω (plug-in component)

1 Resistor, 1 kΩ (plug-in component)

1 NTC-resistor, 100 Ω (plug-in component)

2 Lamp sockets, E10 (plug-in components)

2 Light bulbs, E10, 7 V 1 Storage box with 1 set

of threads with washer, 2 threaded bushes, 2 thread-ed pins, 2 Paper clips, 2 alu-minium electrodes, constant wire

50 g of iron filings 50 m of chrome/nickel wire,

0.2 mm 50 m of iron wire, 0.2 mm 1 Tea candle

Includes 41 Experiments on the Subject of Electricity and Magnetism:

Transformer under load

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Electricity and Magnetism


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UV

P-1019426P-1000997

3bscientific.com

SEK Power SupplyAC/DC power supply for SEK electricity and magnetism kit (P-1008532). Housing with attachment hooks for clamping into the SEK base plate (P-1000789).Voltages: 1.5/ 3.0/ 4.5/ 6.0 V AC/DC

SEK Power Supply (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1019426

SEK Power Supply (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1000997

Electric current in circuits with no branches

Laws of resistance

Charging and discharging of a capacitor (voltage)

Capacitor: charging (blue) and discharging (red)

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

SEK Electricity and Magnetism | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

18

P-1008531P-1008530

Includes 38 Experiments on the Subject of Optics:• Propagation of light, light beams and rays• Transparency• Light and shadow• Umbra and penumbra• Reflection from a plane mirror• Concentration of light by a concave mirror• Reflection and path of light for a concave mirror • Reflection and path of light for a convex mirror • Characteristics of the image from a plane mirror• When light passes from air into glass / Determination

of refractive index• When light passes from glass into air / Determination

of refractive index• Determination of critical angle for total internal reflection

(glass to air)• Ray diagrams for a rectangular glass block, laws• Ray diagrams for a glass prism• Total internal reflection inside a prism• Path of light through a converging lens• Determination of focal length for a converging lens• Ray diagrams with parallel ray and ray through centre of lens

(converging lens)• Path of light through a diverging lens• Determination of focal length for a diverging lens

• Ray diagrams with parallel ray and ray through centre of lens (converging lens)

• Path of light through a system of lenses• Image properties (converging lens)• Image magnification and the lens equation• Image aberrations with converging lenses• Formation of images in the eye• Short-sightedness• Long-sightedness• Astigmatism• Cameras• Slide projectors• Microscopes• Galileo telescope• Kepler’s telescope• Terrestrial telescope• Separation of light into a spectrum• Recomposition of spectral colours• Additive mixing of colours, complementary colours

Equipment Optics:P-1008531 SEK Optics (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1008530 SEK Optics (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

SEK OpticsSet of equipment for carrying out 38 student experiments on ray optics. In a tough plastic box containing a foam insert with cut-outs for the equipment and featuring a transparent lid. Includes CD with experiment instructions. The experiments are designed to be com-pact but still easy to see when set up and carried out on the supplied optical bench or the SEK base plate (P-1000789). In both cases, the optical components are attached in non-slip fashion by magnets. Sup-plied overlays designate where the components are to be placed.

SEK Optics (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1008531

SEK Optics (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1008530

Contents: 1 Optical bench 1 Optical lamp, 5 V, 2 W 1 Plug-in power supply,

100 – 240 V, 50/60 Hz 4 Tea candles 1 Plastic container 1 Slide holder, magnetic 1 F-shaped slide 1 Slide with triple and quintuple

slits 1 Slide with single slit 1 Object for use as an image 1 Colour filter, red 1 Colour filter, blue 1 Acrylic block with holder

1 Semi-circular body 1 Diverging lens, flat model 1 Converging lens, flat model 1 Right-angled prism 1 Rectangular block 1 Objects for casting shadows 1 Flexible mirror, magnetic 1 Projection screen/

Experimenttable 2 Lenses, f = +50 mm 1 Lens, f = +100 mm 1 Lens, f = +300 mm 1 Lens, f = -100 mm 1 Set of overlays

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Optics

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Reflection and path of light for a convex mirror

Reflection in a plane mirror

Path of beams through a glass prism

Model microscope

SEK Optics | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT


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P-1016652P-1018476

SEK Mechanical Oscillations and WavesLarge equipment set for carrying out 23 fundamental experiments on the properties of mechanical oscillations and waves. Stored in a tough Gratnell tray with foam inlay featuring recesses moulded to the shape of the apparatus and covered by a transparent lid. Includes CD with experiment instructions.

Contents: 1 MEC control unit 1 Plug-in power supply 2 Dynamic force sensors 1 Eccentric axle motor 1 Induction coil 1 Stopwatch 4 Coil springs 1 Set of10 weights, 50 g 1 Base plate 1 Cross-strut 2 Stand rods with external

threads

2 Stand rods with external and internal threads

2 Double clamps 1 Magnetic hooks 1 Bar magnet 1 Rubber cord 1 Roll of twine 1 Thread eyelet 1 Squirrel cage ring 1 Ruler 2 BNC cable, 1 m 1 BNC/4-mm cable

• Determining spring constants (2x)• Oscillations of a spring pendulum *• Oscillations of two “identical” spring pendulums * / **• In-phase and 180° out-of-phase oscillations of two “identical”

spring pendulums * / **• Excitation of a motionless spring pendulum by a moving one * / **• Superposition of the oscillations of two spring pendulums * / **• Spring pendulums connected in line * / **• Spring pendulums connected parallel to one another * / **• Intrinsic oscillation of a spring pendulum * • Types of oscillation for a coil spring pendulum * • String pendulums (2x)• Seconds pendulums• Galileo‘s interrupted pendulum• Damped oscillations of string pendulums (2x) *• Standing waves along a rope (2x) *• Reflection of waves along a rope *

Includes Instruction for 23 Experiments on Mechanical Oscillations and Waves:• Speed of propagation of waves along a rope (2x) *• Oscillation of strings *

Equipment Mechanical Oscillations and Waves:P-1016652 SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves

(230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1018476 SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves

(115 V, 50/60 Hz)

Dual-channel Oscilloscope, e.g. P-1017264 USB Oscilloscope 2x50 MHz(for experiments marked *)

P-1013526 Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 30 (for experiments marked **)

SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1016652

SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1018476

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves


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3,0T2 / s2

L / m

3bscientific.com

String pendulum

Reflection of waves along a rope

Squares of the period as a function of the length of the pendulum

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

SEK Mechanical Oscillations and Waves | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

22

u P-1016651P-1014529

SEK – Ultrasonic WavesLarge equipment set incorporating 30 student experiments for dem-onstrating the fundamental properties of waves using the example of 40 kHz ultrasonic waves. Stored in a tough Gratnell tray with foam inlay featuring recesses moulded to the shape of the apparatus and covered by a transparent lid. Includes CD with experiment instructions. Includes two ultrasonic transmitters, a rod-shaped microphonic sensor for recording and analysing oscillations using a standard oscilloscope and an ultrasonic pen for recording wave fronts along the desktop in the form of lines of the same phase (isophases). Many of the experi-ments can also be carried out without using an oscilloscope. In order to measure ultrasonic amplitudes, it is sufficient in many cases to use an analogue voltmeter for alternating current if it has a wide enough frequency range.

Contents: 1 Ultrasonic control unit 2 Ultrasonic transmitters, 40 kHz 1 Ultrasonic pen 1 Holder for ultrasonic pen 1 Holder base for ultrasonic pen 1 Microphone probe 2 Beam splitters 3 Clamps for beam splitters 1 Fresnel zone plate 1 Concave mirrors 2 Side pieces for double slit/reflectors 1 Centre post for double slit 1 Clap for double slit 1 Ultrasonic absorber 2 BNC cables, 1 m 1 Cable, BNC/4-mm 1 Plug-in power supply

SEK – Ultrasonic Waves (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1016651

SEK – Ultrasonic Waves (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1014529

• Display of sound oscillations on an oscilloscope *• Relationship between oscillations and waves *• Comparison of oscillations at two points along a wave *• Analysis of phase relationships using an ultrasonic “pen” *• Determination of wavelength and velocity of sound• How velocity of sound depends on temperature• Transmission characteristic of ultrasonic transmitters **• Resonance curve for ultrasonic transducers *• Transmission and reflection of ultrasonic waves **• Absorption of ultrasonic waves **• Superimposition of sinusoidal oscillations *• Constructive and destructive reinforcement when sinusoidal

oscil la tions are superimposed *• Recording of wave fronts using ultrasonic pen• Generation and detection of straight wave fronts• Diffraction of ultrasonic waves by an edge• Diffraction of ultrasonic waves by a single slit• Interference between two beams **

• Law of reciprocity for interference between two beams **• Diffraction by a double slit **• Phase relationships for diffraction by a double slit I *• Phase relationships for diffraction by a double slit I **• Formation of images by a spherical concave mirror **• Plotting of Fresnel zones **• Formation of images by a Fresnel zone plate **• Interference of ultrasonic waves by Lloyd’s mirror **• Design of a simple interferometer **• Design of a Michelson interferometer **• Elimination of interference by interrupting the path *• Generation of standing ultrasonic waves **• Beats in ultrasonic waves *• Doppler effect in ultrasonic waves

Includes Instruction for 30 Experiments on Ultrasonic Waves

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Ultrasonic Waves


233bscientific.com

Equipment Ultrasonic Waves:

P-1016651 SEK Ultrasonic Waves (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1014529 SEK Ultrasonic Waves (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

Dual-channel Oscilloscope, e.g. P-1017264 USB Oscilloscope 2x50 MHz(for experiments marked *)

P-1013526 Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 30 (for experiments marked **)

Additionally required when using an analogue voltmeter which is unsuitable for measuring alternating voltages of frequencies up to 40 kHz: P-1018750 Ultrasonic Adapter Lead

Michelson Interferometer Diffraction by a double slit

Beats

Recording of wave front

SEK Ultrasonic Waves | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

24

u

P-1006804

Includes 10 Experiments on the Subject of Radioactivity:• Determining background radiation• Determining pulse rates for various radioactive

preparations• Statistical distribution of counter pulses• Determination of equivalent dose for various

radioactive preparations• Penetrative capacity and range of radiation• Deflection of alpha and beta radiation

by a magnetic field*• Absorption of alpha rays*• Absorption of beta rays*• Absorption of gamma rays*• Inverse square law

Equipment Radioactivity:P-1006804 SEK RadioactivityP-1002722 Geiger Counter GAMMASCOUT

*additionally required: P-1006797 Radiation Cartiridge 226Ra 4 kBq Deflection of alpha and beta radiation

by a magnetic field

SEK RadioactivitySet of apparatus for carrying out 10 basic student experiments on radio activity. In a robust plastic box with foam inserts moulded to the shapes of the items and a transparent lid. Includes a CD with instruc-tions for the experi ments. The experiments are designed to occupy as little space as possi ble on the supplied base plate, while remaining clear and easy to perform. To determine the count rates, it is recom-mended that a GAMMA SCOUT Geiger counter (P-1002722) be used (not included).

P-1006804

Contents: 1 Base plate 340x250 mm 3 Work templates 1 Holder for sources and

deflecting magnet 1 Deflecting magnet 1 Thorium irradiation module

(weld filler wire)

2 Aluminium plates, 0.5 mm 1 Aluminium plate, 1 mm 1 Lead plate, 2 mm,

in plastic cover

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Radioactivity


25

u

P-1002722

P-1006797

3bscientific.com

Note: In Germany, the 226Ra radiation cartridge is authorised for unlimited use. Its activity is approximately 4 kBq although it can be up to 40% higher or up to 10% lower. The limit for unlimited use of 226Ra is 10 kBq.The 226Ra radiation cartridge can be used on its own in Germany without any authorisation or notice as long as the so-called “sum rule” is adhered to. Otherwise, it is necessary to obtain authorisation from the appropriate authority.The “sum rule” states that the percentage contribution from all samples or nuclides present must not exceed 100% of the authorised limits. It is possible to exceed the limit with just two 226Ra cartridges. Three 226Ra cartridges will always ex-ceed the authorised limit. If other samples or nuclides are also present, then their activities need to be taken into ac-count as well. In other countries, it is necessary to observe the legal regulations stipulated there.

Caution: Hazardous item.For this reason there will be additional transport costs.

Radiation Cartridge, 226Ra, 4 kBqRegulation-exempt radiation source with brass container for shielding. Radium sulphate rolled in gold foil and sealed at one end of a stain-less steel cartridge.Activity: 4 kBq approx.Tolerance: -10% / +40%Weight: 400 g approx.

P-1006797

Geiger CounterVersatile, easy to use and compact precision instrument for measur-ing α-, β- and γ-radiation. With filter selection switch at the front of the Geiger-Müller counter tube for filtering out types of radiation (γ/β, γ/α/β or γ only), large display and integrated USB interface. Including USB cable, Windows software, and operating instructions. The follow-ing functions and operating modes are available for measurement:• Standard mode for displaying the current radiation level. Display of

the equivalent dose as a numerical value and a bar chart and dis-play of the time until a selected cumulative dose limit is reached (de-fault 5 μSv/h). Also equipped with variable acoustic and optical warning threshold signal and display of average radiation from pre-vious day.

• Pulse counting either permanent or with variable gate time. Gate time adjustable in seconds, minute or hours. Additional optional acoustic count indication.

• Count rate measurement. The pulses registered are measured suc-cessively and converted into a count rate (number of pulses per sec-ond).

• Integrated display of date and time for correct recording of meas-ured radia tion.

• The number of pulses registered is stored in the internal memory. This facilitates recording e.g. of weekly values for up to 10 years.

• Computer docking station. The software enables the measured data to be evaluated and processed on an MS-Windows PC.

Radiation types: α from 4 MeV, β from 0.2 MeV, γ from 0.02 MeVMeasured variables: equivalent dose in Sv/h, mSv/h, μSv/h

pulses/s, pulses/variable time intervalDisplay: LCD, 4 digit, numerical with display of measured

variable, quasi analogue bar chart, operating mode indicators

Radiation detector: End window Geiger-Müller counter tube, stainless steel housing with neon-halogen filling

Measuring length: 38.1 mmMeasuring diameter: 9.1 mmMica window: 1.5 – 2 mg/cm²Gamma sensitivity: 114 pulses/min for 60Co radiation = 1 μSv/h

in background radiation energy bandBackground rate: 10 pulses per minute approx.Internal memory: 2 kilobytesBattery life: 3 years approx.Dimensions: 163x72x30 mm³ approx.Weight: 155 g approx.

P-1002722

Absorption of beta radiation from the thorium cartridge

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

SEK Radioactivity | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT

26

P-1017732P-1017731

• Illuminance of various light sources• Parameters affecting the power generated by a solar module• Shading of solar modules connected in series• Effect of shading on the terminal voltage of a solar module• Effect of illuminance on the open-circuit voltage and short-

circuit current for a solar module• Effect of angle of incidence on the open-circuit voltage and

short-circuit current for a solar module• Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current for solar modules

connected in series and in parallel• Current-voltage characteristic for a solar module• Current-voltage characteristic for solar modules in series• Current-voltage characteristic for solar modules in parallel• Optimum load resistance when the angle of incidence changes• How the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current for a

solar module depend on temperature• How power output from solar modules depends on temperature• Voltage-current characteristic for illuminated and

non-illuminated solar modules *• Setting up a stand-alone power supply network **• Energy conversion ***

SEK Solar EnergyLarge equipment set for carrying out 23 fundamental experiments on solar energy. The basic parameters and properties of solar modules and the aspects which affect their energy efficiency can all be dem-onstrated by experiment. Contained in a rugged metal case including foam inlay with recesses in the shape of the apparatus. The system allows you to assemble experiments easily and in a compact set-up on or in the lid of the kit’s carry case. Includes CD with experiment instructions.

SEK Solar Energy (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1017732

SEK Solar Energy (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1017731

Contents:1 Halogen spotlight2 Solar modules2 Digital multimeters1 Lux meter1 Digital thermometer1 Terminal board with resistor

cascade1 Power adjuster

1 Jumper1 Set of experiment leads1 Cross piece1 Support brace1 Set of items for covering

modules1 Case

Equipment Solar Energy:P-1017732 SEK Solar Energy (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1017731 SEK Solar Energy (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

P-1003312 DC Power Supply 0-20 V (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1003311 DC Power Supply 0-20 V (115 V, 50/60 Hz)(for experiments marked *)

P-1017734 Coulombmeter with Rechargeable BatteryP-1002811 Digital Stopwatch(for experiments marked **)

P-1017735 Geared Motor with PulleyP-1018597 Set of Weights 1 g to 500 g, slotted with HolderP-1007112 Experiment CordP-1002811 Digital Stopwatch(for experiments marked ***)

Includes instruction for 16 Experiments on Solar Energy:

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT | SEK Solar Energy

27

u

P-1017734

P-1017735

3bscientific.com

Geared Motor with PulleyThe geared motor with string pulley is used in conjunction with the Solar Energy Student Experiment Kit as a load for demonstrating con-version of energy. The motor is mounted on a base plate and has a pulley attached for a string. Power is supplied via 4-mm safety sock-ets. Weights of up to approximately 1 kg can be lifted.Power supply: max. 12 V DCLoad current: max. 50 mATorque: 0.41 NmSpeed: 76.1 rpm with no loadConnectors: 4-mm safety socketsDimensions: 105x75x45 mm3 approx.Weight: 220 g approx.

P-1017735

Coulombmeter with Rechargeable BatteryCoulombmeter for measuring the flow of current when storing energy in a rechargeable battery. Charge or consumption can be displayed by means of a voltmeter. Depending on the measuring range selected, 1 V on the voltmeter corresponds to either 0.1, 1 or 10 ampere sec-onds (As). Measuring ranges: 1/10/100 As (max. measurable charge

±499 As)Power supply: 9 V rechargeable battery via DC co-axial

power socketLoad current: max. 500 mACharging current for battery: max. 50 mAExternal power source: Solar panel or DC power supply (max. 12 V

DC) with current limiting to 50 mA when there is no load on the coulombmeter

Connectors: 4-mm safety socketsDimensions: 105x75x45 mm3 approx. Weight: 200 g including rechargeable battery and

housing

P-1017734

Current-voltage characteristic for solar modules in series

Optimum load resistance when the angle of incidence changes

How power output from solar modules depends on temperature

SEK Solar Energy | STUDENT EXPERIMENT KIT


28

2m

u

P-1009932P-1009931

Kröncke Optical System for Student ExercisesThe Kröncke optical system provides robust reliability that has been tried and tested for decades and offers all the precision needed for student exercises and practical courses in numerous experiments on ray and wave optics. The experiments are carried out in traditional fashion using the white light of an incandescent lamp, the filament of which can be projected through an adjustable slit to observe interference in particular.

All optical components are mounted in diaphragms with no stems and can easily be adjusted vertically and with preci-sion into the optical light path when mounted on optical riders. Optical riders can freely move on the U-profile rail of an optical bench and can be attached with a minimum of force.

Includes 12 Experiments on the Subject of Ray Optics:• Pinhole camera• Imaging with converging lenses• Image aberrations• Images in the eye (eye model)• Correction of vision• Magnifying glasses• Microscopes• Astronomical telescopes• Terrestrial telescopes• Slide projectors

Equipment Ray Optics:P-1009932 Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System

(230 V, 50/60 Hz) orP-1009931 Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System

(115 V, 50/60 Hz)

Diffraction by a multiple slit

Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System

Contents:1 Optical lamp 1 Transformer 12 V, 25 VA1 Optical bench, 1000 mm6 Optical slides 2 Clamps 2 Converging lenses, f = 50 mm2 Converging lenses, f = 100 mm2 Converging lenses, f = 150 mm1 Converging lens, f = 300 mm1 Converging lens, f = 500 mm1 Diverging lens, f=-100 mm1 Diverging lens, f=-500 mm1 Diaphragm with 1 slit1 Diaphragm with 3 slits1 Photograph in slide frame1 Transparent screen1 White screen1 Set of 4 colour filters1 Ruler, 15 mm1 Set of holes arranged to form

the number “1”1 Pinhole aperture, d = 1 mm1 Pinhole aperture, d = 6 mm

Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009932

Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009931

Slide projector

CD-ROM

containing all

different sets of

instructions is

included!

KRÖNCKE OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR STUDENT EXERCISES AND PRACTICAL COURSES


29

P-1009701

P-1009700

3bscientific.com

Includes 10 Experiments on the Subject of Interferences:• Fresnel mirror• Diffraction by small openings and plates• Diffraction by an air gap• Diffraction by the wire• Diffraction by multiple slits• Diffraction by the grating• Optical resolution• Determining the wavelength of light

Equipment Interference:P-1009932 Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System


(115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009700 Supplementary Set for Interference

Includes 3 Experiments on the Subject of Polarisation:• Polarisation of transverse waves• Polariser and analyser• Visibility of polarised light in turbid water• Double refraction• Rotation of planes of polarisation by a sugar solution

Equipment Polarisation:P-1009932 Basic Set for Kröncke Optical System


(115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009701 Supplementary Set for Polarisation

Visibility of polarised light in turbid water

Supplementary Set for InterferenceSupplementary set to the Kröncke optics basic set (P-1009932 or P-1009931) for carrying out student experiments on the interference of light waves.

Contents:1 Optical bench, 500 mm1 Adjustable slit1 Diaphragm with 9 circular discs1 Diaphragm with 9 circular holes1 Diaphragm with 3 individual slits and 1 double slit1 Diaphragm with 4 multiple slits and grating1 Diaphragm with 3 ruled gratings1 Micrometer screw 1 Fresnel mirror

P-1009700

Supplementary Set for PolarisationSupplementary set to the Kröncke optics basic set (P-1009932 or P-1009931) for carrying out student experiments on the polarisation of light waves.

Contents:1 Pair of polarising filters 1 Pinhole aperture, 10 mm1 Rectangular cuvette

P-1009701

KRÖNCKE OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR STUDENT EXERCISES AND PRACTICAL COURSES

30

P-1013904

P-1013904

Experiment Topics: • Current-voltage curve of a solar cell.

• Power curve and efficiency of a solar cell.

• Current-voltage curve of a PEM electrolyser

• Energy efficiency and Faraday efficiency of a PEM electrolyser

• Current-voltage curve of a PEM fuel cell

• Power curve of a PEM fuel cell

The experiment system for fuel cells allows students to gradually investigate the world of fuel cells and solar-hydrogen technology in many illustrative and quantitative experiments.

Fuel Cell Experiment SystemSolar-hydrogen cell system and accessories for carrying out student experiments. In a tough plastic box with foam inlay.

Contents:1 Solar-hydrogen cell system consisting of solar module, PEM electro-

lyser, hydrogen and oxygen reservoirs, PEM fuel cell and fan1 Resistor decade with maximum load capacity of 1 W2 Multimeters3 Connector leads, 50 cm, red3 Connector leads, 50 cm, black1 Stop watch250 ml Distilled water1 Storage case

P-1013904

FUEL CELL EXPERIMENT SYSTEM

31

P-1003209

3bscientific.com

Light BoxSet of equipment for optical experiments to be carried out on a table, consisting of a light box in a sturdy plastic housing and numerous op-tical components. Complete set in sturdy wooden storage case. The light box has four light outlets: the two side outlets have two hinged mirrors for experiments on colour mixing and shadows. All openings are equipped with mounts for optical components in 50x50 mm² slide frames. Parallel, convergent and divergent light can be generat-ed by adjusting a converging lens attached in front of the lamp. There are two double-sided slit diaphragms available so that four different beam configurations can be created.Lamp: 12 V, 36 WConnections: 4-mm socketLight box: 175x100x65 mm³ approx.Storage case: 250x240x100 mm³ approx.

P-1003209

Experiment Topics:Colours: • Coloured light and coloured objects • Mixture of coloursShadows: • Casting shadows • Coloured shadowsReflection: • Reflection from a plane mirror • Reflected images, image reversal • Multiple reflections from a mirror • Reflection from a concave mirror

(focal point and spherical aberration)• Reflection from a parabolic mirror • Reflection from a convex mirror

Refraction:• Determining refractive index with a semi-circular object • Determining refractive index with a parallel block • Angle of minimum deflection for a prism • Total internal reflection in a semi-circular object • Total internal reflection in a prism • Focal point of a converging lens • Focal point of a diverging lens • Spherical aberration

Spare Lamp for Light Box (not shown) Spare lamp for light box, 12 V, 36 W.

P-1003231

Additionally required:P-1000593 Transformer 12 V, 60 VA (230 V, 50/60 Hz)orP-1006780 Transformer 12 V, 60 VA (115 V, 50/60 Hz)

Contents:1 Light box8 Colour charts1 Plane mirror (glass)1 Concave mirror (metal)1 Convex mirror (metal)1 Bi-convex lens, large

(transparent acrylic)1 Bi-convex lens, small

(transparent acrylic)1 Bi-concave lens

(transparent acrylic)1 Parallel plate (transparent

acrylic)

1 Semi-circular object (transparent acrylic)

1 60° prism (transparent acrylic)1 Asymmetrical 90° prism

( transparent acrylic)1 Symmetrical 90° prism

( trans parent acrylic)2 Slit diaphragms8 Colour filters (in slide frame)1 Pair of connector leads

with 4-mm plugs1 Spare lamp

LIGHT BOX

32

t / s

s / cm

0 5 10 15 200

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 5 10 15 20 25 300

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

t / s

s / cm

P-1003502

P-1003494

P-1018624

Experiment Topics:• Displacement-time graphs

• Linear gradients

• Velocity

Vacuum Student KitSet of equipment for introducing the fundamentals of vacuum physics by means of student experiments.

Contents:1 Experiment plate with washer1 Vacuum bell jar1 Beaker1 Pressure hose with check valve1 Pressure hose with T-connector and check valve1 Simple hand pump in storage container1 Suction cap2 Balloons

P-1003494

Additionally recommended:P-1009772 Electronic Scales Scout Pro 200 g

Constant Velocity Student Kit, 3 TubesSet of equipment for investigating the concept of velocity by means of student experiments. Consisting of three small coloured plas-tic tubes in which an air bubble rises at constant velocity in a vis-cous liquid, provided the tubes are aligned vertically. Since the vis-cosities differ, the velocities also differ. The position of the air bubble is plotted against time. The three different resulting straight lines lead to a definition of velocity.Length: 500 mm approx.Diameter: 13 mm approx.

P-1003502

Additionally required:P-1003369 Mechanical Stop Watch, 15 minP-1002603 Pocket Measuring Tape, 2 m

Experiment Topics:• Determining mass of evacuated air and density of air

• Effect of air pressure on a slightly inflated hot-air balloon and on a suction cap

• Lowering of the boiling point of liquids at decreased air pressure

Effect of air pressure on a slightly inflated balloon

Displacement-time graph for air bubbles

Constant Velocity Student Kit, 4 TubesSet of equipment for investigating the concept of velocity by means of student experiments. It consists of one transparent and three col-oured plastic tubes. In the coloured tubes an air bubble rises with constant speed in a viscous fluid as soon as the tube is held vertical. Since the viscosities inside the tubes differ, the velocities with which the bubbles rise in each of them are also different. The transparent tube also contains a plastic ball and a metal ball which sink down the tube thus demonstrating negative velocities. The positions of the bubble or the balls are plotted on a graph. The gradients of the vari-ous resulting straight lines lead to a definition of velocity. Length: 830 mm approx.Diameter: 13 mm approx.

P-1018624

Additionally required:P-1003369 Mechanical Stop Watch, 15 minP-1002603 Pocket Measuring Tape, 2 m

Displacement-time graph for air bubbles and the balls

Advantage• It is possible to demonstrate both positive and negative

velocities.

BASIC STUDENT EXPERIMENTS

33

P-1012504

3bscientific.com

Set of 10 CO2 Test Tubes, 0.03 – 1.00% by vol. (not shown)Set of 10 test tubes for the GASTEC gas detector, used for detecting changes in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere due to combus-tion processes, for comparison of fresh and stuffy air or observing photosynthesis in plants.

P-1012524

Set of 10 CO2 Test Tubes, 0.5 – 8.0% by vol. (not shown)Set of 10 test tubes for the GASTEC gas detector, used for detecting changes in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere due to combus-tion of organic materials or the breathing of people and animals.

P-1012526

Set of 10 O2 Test Tubes, 6 – 24% by vol. (not shown)Set of 10 test tubes for the GASTEC gas detector, used for detecting oxygen content of air in the atmosphere.

P-1012527

Set of 10 Pairs of Protective Rubber Stoppers (not shown)Set of spares including 10 pairs of protective rubber stoppers for test tubes used with the GASTEC gas detector.

P-1012528

Enhance your lessons with a multitude of easily conducted experiments using the GASTEC gas detector.

GASTEC Gas DetectorEasy to use gas detector for analysing gas content in the atmosphere. For use in countless fundamental experiments. Includes hand pump and accessories for pumping air into specific test tubes, from which the gas content can be read off by means of the degree of coloura-tion of the adsorption material.

Contents: 1 Hand pump for pumping in samples1 Break-off tip for test tubes1 Set of 10 pairs of protective rubber stoppers1 Sealing grease1 Carrying case1 Teaching poster with suggested experiments, many illustrations

and detailed instructions

P-1012504

Additionally required:P-1012524 Set of 10 CO2 Test Tubes, 0.03 – 1.00% by vol.orP-1012526 Set of 10 CO2 Test Tubes, 0.5 – 8.0% by vol.orP-1012527 Set of 10 O2 Test Tubes, 6 – 24% by vol.

Experiments:Analysis of stuffy and of fresh air in a room.

Investigation of how carbon dioxide and oxygen con-tent changes in the atmosphere due to the following processes:• Burning of a candle.• Breathing of people and animals.• Photosynthesis of plants.• Burning of organic substances.

Gas Analysis Made Child’s Play:• Open glass test tube using the tip to break off both

ends and close the ends using protective rubber stop-pers.

• Push the test tube into the hand pump and hold it at the required position.

• Suck air into the tube using the pump and wait 30 seconds.

• Take the test tube out of the hand pump and read off the gas content from the degree of coloration.

BASIC STUDENT EXPERIMENTS

34

P-1003558P-1003557

P-1017895

P-1003316P-1003315

P-1009957P-1009956

Transformer with Rectifier 3/ 6/ 9/ 12 V, 3 AExtra low voltage power supply with overload protection contained in plastic housing. Output voltage switchable in four stages.Voltage limitation to 25 V AC and 60 V DCSafety transformer conforming to EN 61558-2-6Safe isolation between power supply and output circuitsAC output: 3/ 6/ 9/ 12 V, max. 3 ADC output: 3/ 6/ 9/ 12 V, max. 3 ATerminals: 4 mm safety socketsDimensions: approx. 210x170x90 mm³ Weight: approx. 2.6 kg

Transformer with Rectifier 3/ 6/ 9/ 12 V, 3 A (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1003316

Transformer with Rectifier 3/ 6/ 9/ 12 V, 3 A (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1003315

Transformer with Rectifier 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14 V, 5 ASafety isolating transformer with safety cut out contained in metal housing. Output voltage switchable in 7 steps Voltage limitation to 25 V AC and 60 V DCSafety transformer conforming to EN 61558-2-6Safe isolation between power supply and output circuitsAC output: 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14 V, max. 5 ADC output: 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14 V, max. 5 ATerminals: 4 mm safety socketsDimensions: approx. 260x140x130 mm3

Weight: approx. 3.1 kg

Transformer with Rectifier 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14 V, 5 A (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1003558

Transformer with Rectifier 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14 V, 5 A (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1003557

Robust, simple

and clearly laid out

Ideal for student

experimentsRobust, simple

and clearly laid out

Function Generator FG 100Function generator with po-wer amplifier for use in ver-satile student and practical experiments cover ing simple harmonic oscillation, AC elec-tricity and induction. Featuring illum i nated, digital display for frequency, signal form, offset and other parameters. The output is short-circuit protected as well as being protected against induced voltages and spark discharges, e.g. for when experiment leads are unintentionally pulled out while coils are connected. In internal sweep mode, one trigger pulse is output per cycle and the voltage output is proportional to the frequency. With retract able feet. Includes power supply.Voltage limitation to 25 V AC and 60 V DCSafety transformer conforming to EN 61558-2-6Safe isolation between power supply and output circuitsFrequency range: 0.001 Hz to 100 kHzSignal forms: Sine, square, triangularOutput amplitude: 0 to 10 V, continuously adjustablePower output: 10 W, permanentOutput current: 1 A, permanent, 2 A max.Sweep modes: External, continuous internal, individual

internalFrequency range: 1 Hz to 100 kHzPower supply: Plug-in power supply, 12 V AC, 2 ADimensions: 170x105x40 mm3

Function Generator FG 100 (230 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009957

Function Generator FG 100 (115 V, 50/60 Hz)P-1009956

Demo MultimeterElectronic meter featuring a double scale for analogue measurement of current and voltage in demonstration experiments. It can handle measurements of current and voltage values and also allows the zero point to be set up in the centre of the scale for measurement of DC quantities. Resistance R, conductance G, impedance Z and admittance Y can easily be determined as quotients of current and voltage measure-ments thanks to the non-interrupting switch capability without the need to change the wiring.This equipment is authorised for making measurements in circuits directly connected to the low-voltage mains via plugs (CAT II), i.e. for measurements on house-hold appliances, for example. The meter is suitable for use as a free-standing instrument or for set-ting up in training panel frames.Voltage ranges: 0.1 – 600 V AC/DC, 9 rangesCurrent ranges: 0.1 mA – 10 A AC/DC, 11 rangesOverload protection: 600 V long-term in all voltage ranges 10 A of long-term loading in 3-A and 10-A

rangesMeasuring category: CAT II: 600 VPower supply: 1x 1.5 V battery, AA IEC LR6 Scale length: 160 mmDimensions: 259x297x125 mm3

Weight: 1.7 kg approx

P-1017895

INSTRUMENTATION

35

u

P-1013526 P-1013527

3bscientific.com

Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 100Meter for classroom and practical experiments to measure voltage and current up to 600 V or 10 A respectively. Also features audible continuity testing. Includes a fuse to guarantee safety up to CAT III.The separate terminal sockets for current and voltage permit connec-tion of the instrument that allows for current as well as voltage to be measured without having to reconnect the measuring leads. When switching from one measuring range to another, the circuit is never broken. All current measuring ranges are overload-proof for long-term current of up to 10 A. The generous protection of all current measuring ranges by means of additional semiconductor protection prevents inadvertent blowing of the fuse in many cases.Direct and alternating voltage: 0.1 − 600 V, 9 ranges eachDirect and alternating current: 0.1 mA − 3000 mA, 11 ranges eachInternal resistance: 1 MΩ Long term maximum voltage: 600 VInstrument category: CAT III, 600 V

(DIN EN 61010-1:2010, 61010-2-033:2012)

P-1013527

Analogue Multimeter ESCOLA 30Permanently short-circuit-proof student measuring instrument for measuring voltage and current in the safety extra-low voltage range.The electronic overload protection is achieved without the use of an equipment fuse, therefore obviating any need to change fuses or or-der spares. The protective system nevertheless operates without any auxiliary energy and is guaranteed even when the battery is flat or no battery is present.Direct and alternating voltage: 0.3 − 30 V, 5 ranges eachDirect and alternating current: 1 − 3000 mA, 5 ranges eachInstrument category: CAT I, 30 V

P-1013526

Advantages• Unmistakeable measurement readings• Only an inexpensive 1.5-V battery element is

needed for operation• Full functionality guaranteed even when the

battery is no longer fully charged• Lithium batteries with higher open-circuit

voltage can also be used• Battery protected by automatic cut-off after

approximately 50 mins.• Distinct difference between 0 V display and

the equipment being switched off due to inherently different position of needle

CAT III, 600 V

Note:Electrical safety of measuring instruments for current and voltage are assessed according to measurement categories stipulated in IEC 611010-1:CAT I or unstipulated: Approved for measurements in circuits which are not directly connected to the low voltage mains grid (e.g. batteries).CAT II: Approved for measurements in circuits which are di-rectly connected, by a mains lead and plug for instance, to the low voltage mains grid (e.g. household or office appliance and lab equipment).CAT III: Approved for measurements in circuits which are part of a building’s wiring installation (e.g. stationary consumers, distribution terminals, appliances connected directly to the distribution box).CAT IV: Approved for measurements in circuits which are directly connected to the source of the low voltage mains (e.g. electricity meters, main service feed, primary excess voltage protection).N.B.: the closer measurement is to be made to the low-volt-age mains installation, the higher the measuring category needs to be.

The ideal meter for student experiments: Analogue Multimeters ESCOLAClear moving-coil instrument in shock-resistant plastic casing with two mirrored linear scales and clearly distinguishable measuring ranges. Includes battery test function and display of charge status as well as electronic calibration of zero point to the centre of the scale for all DC current and voltage ranges. Use of a measurement amplifier ensures the measured values are linear even for AC voltages of up to 40 kHz. Only an inexpensive 1.5 V battery element is needed for operation. Nevertheless the meter will work for several years after any change of battery with normal usage, since the current discharge when in op-eration is no more than 2.5 mA maximum.Scale length: 80 mmOperating voltage: 1 – 3.5 V DCBattery type: Mignon, AA, R6Accuracy: Class 2 (DC), class 3 (AC)Dimensions: approx. 100x150x50 mm3

Weight: approx. 300 g

No need

to change fuses

INSTRUMENTATION

36

P-1017264

P-1018581

USB Oscilloscope 2x50 MHzMeant for connection to a PC with USB ports, this two-channel USB oscilloscope comes with a USB cable as well as Windows software. On being connected to a PC, the digital storage oscilloscope not only offers a wide spectrum of features but also the added advantage of being able to save measured data and process them further, for ex-ample, for purposes ranging as far as FFT analysis. The monitor’s sur-face is modelled after that of a conventional oscilloscope. Operation is facilitated by an auto-set function for automatic adaptation to meas-uring signals and numerous trigger functions.

Channels: TwoOperating modes: CH1, CH2, X/YSampling rate: 150 MS/sInput coupling: DC, AC, GNDInput impedance 1 MΩ ll 50 pF Input voltage: 0 – 35 VDeflection coefficient: 10 mV/div. – 5 V/div. Accuracy: ± 3 % A/D converter: 8-bit resolutionBandwidth: 50 MHzTime coefficient: 4 ns/div. – 1 h/div.Roll mode: 1 s/div. – 1 h/div.Trigger: Auto/Normal/Single/Ext.Calibrator: 1 kHz/ 2 VppMemory depth: 10 – 64 kptsInterface: USB 2.0Voltage supply: Via two USB portsDimensions: 205x38x125 mm³Weight: 430 gWindows: 98SE/ ME/ 2000/ XP/ VistaTM/ Windows® 7Analysis options: LabVIEW® compatible,

data transfer to spreadsheet programs

P-1017264

Digital Oscilloscope, 2x 25 MHzModern and easy-to-use digital oscilloscope in space-saving case with large screen and colour display. Includes two voltage probes, USB A/B connection lead, CD with EASYSCOPE PC software.• Easily portable, low-weight, built-in fold-out handle• High performance and a multitude of data acquisition and analysis

functions• Three ways of recording data in two separate modes: real-time or

time-equivalent• Simple MATHS functions: +/-/x/÷ and FFT functions in real time with

simultaneous display of curves• Built-in test overlay with Pass/Fail display for rapid testing of signals• Optimised signal analysis• Fast saving of measurement curves to USB Stick via USB HOST

interface • USB and serial ports for connection to a computer• EASYSCOPE software makes it possible to operate the equipment

from a PC, allow ing function tests and saving of curve data and screenshots to computer.

Vertical deflection:Channels: TwoBand width: 25 MHzRise time: <14 nsDeflection coefficient: 2 mV/div – 10 V/div, 12 levelsPrecision: ±3%Input impedance: 1 MΩ // 18 pF

Horizontal deflection:Time coefficient: 25 ns/div – 50 s/divScan or roll modes: 100 ms/div – 50 s/div

Trigger:Trigger source: CH1, CH2, Ext, Ext/5, mainsTrigger mode: Automatic, triggered, single-shot – X/YRoll mode: 100 ms/div – 50 s/divTrigger resolution: Edge, pulse width (20 ns – 10 s), video (PAL,

Secam, NTSC), gradient, alternating, HOLD OFF 10 ns – 1.5 s

Trigger coupling: AC, DC, HFR (HF suppression), LFR (LF suppression)

Digital memory:Max. sampling rate: Single-shot 250 MS/s (2 channels), 500 MS/s

(1 channel), repeating signals 10 GS/sVertical resolution: 8 BitMemory depth: Internal memory up to a maximum of 32,000

points, “unlimited” memory if using USB sticksUser memory: 2 MB for data storage: curves, text, configura-

tions, Maths function, print files, image data etc.

System requirements: Up to Windows 8, 64-bitGeneral data:Display: 7” TFT LCD colour screen, resolution

480 x 234 pixelsMains voltage: 100 – 240 V, 50/60/400 HzDimensions: 320x150x135 mm approx.Weight: 2.4 kg

P-1018581

INSTRUMENTATION

student experiments - 3b scientific · student experiments for lower secondary level the versatile...

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