1. Stem Cell Research BERNADETTE ROBERSON, RN, BSN KIMBERLIN SALAS, RN, BSNDANNY VASQUEZ, RN, BSNHCS/578 SANDRA HUPPENBAUER, RN, BSN, MSN

2. Agenda What are the ethical dilemmas posed by Stem CellResearch?- Bernie How does the Stem Cell Issue affect global health? -Bernie How does U.S. health policy currently treat the issue?-Kimmy How does U.S. policy differ from international policy? -Kimmy What course of action would you advocate for youraudience? Danny 3. What are Stem Cells? Stem cells are biological cells found in all multicellular organisms, that can divide (through mitosis) and differentiate into diverse specializedcell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells Stem cells are of special interestbecause they can "differentiate"i.e., transform themselves intoother cell typesand this abilityhas suggested that they maypresent a key to curing diseasesand abnormalities at the mostbasic level of life. Embryonic stem cell couldultimately play a part (ina process using recombined DNA)in replacing anydefective body tissue or diseasedorgan. 4. Three Sources of Stem Cells Adult Stem Cell- derivedfrom adult or pediatricdonors Embryo Germ Cell (EG)-derived from abortedfetuses Embryonic Stem Cell-derived from disaggregated preimplantation embryos 5. What are the ethical dilemmas posed by Stem CellResearch Two moral principles: Duty to prevent or alleviate suffering Destruction of Human Embryo- human life begins when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell to form a single cell. Duty to respect the value of humanlife Possibility of future abuse- the development of embryonic stem cell therapies will lead to a cry for therapeutic cloning. 6. How does the Stem Cell Issue affect global health? There are great variations in international policies. Different regulations regarding the procurement, banking distribution, and use ofstem cell lines. It inhibits collaboration within and between countries, restricts the flow ofresearch, and impedes clinical translations. 7. Different beliefs from different religions Catholics/Buddhist-opponents- respect for life EasternOrthodox/Islamic/Jewish proponent Eastern Orthodox- Humanshave an obligation to heal Islam- life occurs after (120)(40) days after conception Jewish-requirement to seekto preserve life and health. 8. How does U.S. health policy currently treat Stem CellResearch? March 9, 2009 PresidentBarack Obama issued ExecutiveOrder (EO) 13505 (RemovingBarriers to Responsible ScientificResearch Involving Human StemCells) July 7, 2009 NationalInstitutes of Health Guidelineson Human Stem Cell Research EO Revokes 2 items:The Presidential statement ofAugust 9, 2001EO 13435 9. How does U.S. policy differ from International PolicyU.S. Policy Also known as public policy Deals with policies that affect the country, or within all of 50 states. Covers wide range of areas e.g. business, energy, law enforcement, social welfare, money/taxes. 10. How does U.S. policy differ from International PolicyForeign Policy Any policy of the government thatinteracts with foreign nations andsets standards of interactions foreach organizations, corporationsand individual Official goal is: "to create a moresecure, democratic, andprosperous world for the benefit ofthe American people and theinternational community (UnitedStates Department of State) 11. U.S. Foreign Policy Structure 12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujbLSt-7-9k 13. A Message From Christopher Reeve 1952-2004 14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KHfrC2a3ZwY 15. What course of action would you advocate for youraudience?Romney is a strongsupporter of stem cell2001- Bush prohibitsresearch, against the practicefederal of cloning or embryo 2009-Omama liftsfinancing of researchfarming as a source for cells. federal ban on fundingusing new stem lines. He is also against stem cell Research. federal funds being used for(Keeps funding forembryonic stem cellexisting harvested eggs)research. 16. Closing/Questions? 17. ReferencesBoyer, P. J. (2010). The Covenant. New Yorker, 86, 60-67.Burkhardt, M. A., & Nathaniel, A. K. (2008). ETHICS & ISSUESIn Contemporary Nursing (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: Delmar Centage Learning.Davis, B., Riccio, P., Hashimoto, M., & Gilbert. S. (n.d.). Ethical and public policy issues concerning stem cell research. Retrieved September 2, 2012, fromhttp://9e.devbio.com/article.php?ch=21&id=258Ethical issues in human stem cell research. (1999). Retrieved September 2, 2012, fromhttp://bioethics.georgetown.edu/nbac/stemcell.pdfJay P. Lefkowitz (2008). Stem Cells and the President-An Inside account (Jay P.Lefkowitz)National Institute of Health (NIH) Stem cell. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2012, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cellStem cell research: The impact on public health. (n.d.). Retrieved September2, 2012, from http://www.cwru.edu/med/epidbio/mphp439/Stem_Cell_Research.htmhttp://stemcells.nih.gov/policywww.bingimages.comwww.googleimages.comwww.state.gov/documents/organization/59163.pdfwww.youtube.com