Stem-changing verbsStem-changing verbsStem-changing verbsStem-changing verbs

pp. 231, 257, 274pp. 231, 257, 274

• Differ from regular verbs because of a stem-change when conjugated,– but stem-change is consistent, and

regular endings still apply.– SO, is not irregular.

• Stem-change occurs in all singular forms and 3rd person plural boot verbs

Yo Nosotros

Tú Vosotros

Él Ellos

4 types of stem-changing verbs in

present tense• e ie• e i• o ue• u ue

Some common stem-Some common stem-changing verbschanging verbs

Some common stem-Some common stem-changing verbschanging verbs

not a comprehensive listnot a comprehensive list

e ie• pensar (ie)• cerrar (ie)• empezar (ie)• encender (ie)• preferir (ie)• querer (ie)• sentir (ie)• nevar (ie)

pensar (ie) = to thinkPienso Pensamos

Piensas Pensáis

Piensa Piensan

If more than one “e” in stem, 2nd “e” in the stem, changes.

Or. . . an “e” in prefix never changes

• empezar empiez 2nd “e” changes

• preferir prefier “e” in prefix doesn’t

• repetir repit

• querer quier only 1 “e” in stem

preferir (ie) = to preferPrefiero Preferimos

Prefieres Preferís

Prefiere Prefieren

e i• pedir (i)• repetir (i)

Repito Repetimos

Repites Repetís

Repite Repiten

o ue• poder (ue)• costar (ue)• recordar (ue)• volver (ue)• llover (ue)• dormir (ue)

Duermo Dormimos

Duermes

Dormís

Duerme Duermen

u ue• jugar (ue) Juego Jugamos

Juegas Jugáis

Juega Juegan

Stem-changing verbs Stem-changing verbs in the present in the present progressiveprogressive

Stem-changing verbs Stem-changing verbs in the present in the present progressiveprogressive

-ir stem-changing verbs• take off –ir ending• change e i or o u• add –iendo to end

• servir sirviendo• pedir pidiendo• decir diciendo• dormir durmiendo• morir muriendo• seguir siguiendo• venir viniendo

• poder pudiendo

Notes about usage of Notes about usage of some common stem-some common stem-

changing verbschanging verbs

Notes about usage of Notes about usage of some common stem-some common stem-

changing verbschanging verbs

Notes about pensar• pensar + infinitive = plan/intend to

– Pienso ir a Venezuela.– I plan to go to Venezuela.

• pensar + de = to ask for an opinion– ¿Qué piensas de los platos nuevos?– What do you think of the new plates?

• pensar + que = express opinions/thoughts– Pienso que son bonitos.– I think that they are pretty.

• pensar + en = about whom/what someone is thinking– Pienso en mi tarea.– I am thinking about my homework.

Notes about empezar• empezar is followed by the preposition

“a” when followed by an infinitive– Empiezo a estudiar.

• I am beginning to study.

– Empiezo el libro.• I am starting the book.

– Empiezo a leer el libro.• I am starting to read the book.

Notes about pedir• Pedir permiso para =

– to ask permission to do something

• Pedir perdón =– to excuse self or ask for forgiveness

• Pedir prestado/a =– to ask for a loan or to borrow

something

Pedir vs Preguntar• Pedir =

– to ask for, to request, to order (in a restaurant)

• Preguntar = – to ask (a question)– similar to hacer una pregunta