state: himachal pradesh agro ecological sub region (icar
TRANSCRIPT
State: Himachal Pradesh
Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: Kinnaur
1.0 District Agriculture profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone
Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Western Himalayas, Warm Subhumid (To Humid With Inclusion Of Perhumid)Eco-sub region. (14.1)
Agro-Climatic Zone (Planningcommission)
Western Himalayan Region (I)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) High Hills Temperate Dry Zone (HP-4)
List all the districts falling under the NARPZone*(*>50% area falling in the zone)
Nothern parts of Chamba, Kullu, major Southern part of Lahaul & Spiti(Keylong), Kalpa (Kinnaur), Kinnaur, Shimla
Geographic coordinates of districtheadquarters
Latitude Longitude Altitude
31° 05' 50''- 32°05' 15'' N
77° 45' -79° 00' 35'' E 2350m to 6816m
Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS
Regional Horticulture Research Station, Sharbo, Dr YSP University ofHorticulture and Forestry
Mention the KVK located in the districtwith address
KVK-Kinnaur at Reckong Peo, PIN 172107 (HP)01786-222122 FAX: 01786-222122 Mobile: 09418244888
Name and address of the nearest AgrometField Unit (AMFU, IMD) for agro-advisories in the Zone
IMD, Kalpa
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1.2 Rainfall Normal RF(mm) Normal Onset( specify week and month)
Normal Cessation(specify week and month)
SW monsoon (June-Sep):21.70% 303.04 1st week of July 3rd week of September
NE Monsoon (Oct-Dec): 8.98% 44.68
Winter (Jan- March): 49.50% (Precipitation is in the form ofsnow)
177.48
Summer (Apr-May): 19.82%- Premonsoon
157.04 1st week of April
Annual 682.24
Source: Strategic Research and Extension Plan of District Kinnaur-Department of Agriculture
1.3 Land usepattern ofthedistrict(lateststatistics)
Geographicalarea
Cultivablearea
Forestarea
Land undernon-agriculturaluse
Permanentpastures
Cultivablewasteland
LandunderMisc.treecropsandgroves
Barren anduncultivableland
Currentfallows
Otherfallows
Area (‘000ha)
624.3 7.07 37.58 124.83 317.59 3.44 0.08 131.12 2.08 0.11
Source: Strategic Research and Extension Plan of District Kinnaur-Department of Agriculture
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1. 4 Major Soils (common names likered sandy loam deep soils (etc.,)*
Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total
Sandy Loam soils 5.808 0.93Sandy soils 1.745 0.2Rock Land 616.247 98.7
1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %
Net sown area 7.55 119Area sown more than once 1.46Gross cropped area 9.02
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1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)Net irrigated area 4.8Gross irrigated area 5.7Rainfed area 2.7Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated
areaCanals -Tanks 72 0.0043 0.08Open wells -Bore wellsLift irrigation schemesMicro-irrigation Not availableOther sources (please specify) Flowirrigation schemes (Glaciers melts)through Kuhls
158 4.868 99.02
Total Irrigated AreaPump sets Not applicableNo. of Tractors Not applicableGroundwater availability and use*(Data source: State/CentralGround water Department /Board)
No. of blocks/Tehsils
(%) area Quality of water (specify theproblem such as high levels ofarsenic, fluoride, saline etc)
Over exploitedCritical
Semi- critical
Safe There is noexploitation ofground water
Wastewater availability and useGround water quality
*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%
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1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture (2008-09)
1.7 Major field cropscultivated
Area (‘000 ha)
Kharif Rabi
Irrigated Rainfed Total Irrigated Rainfed Total SummerGrandtotal
Maize 0.32 0.321 0.32
Paddy 0.02 0.02
Wheat 0.32 0.32 0.32
Barley 1.02 1.02 1.0
Pulses 1.99 1.9
Minor millets 1.5
Horticulturecrops - Fruits
Area (‘000 ha)
Total Irrigated Rainfed
Apple 8.832 8.83
Nuts and DryFruits
1.249 1.24
Other Temperate 0.409 0.40
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Fruits
Subtropical Fruits 0.012 0.01
Horticulturecrops -Vegetables
Total Irrigated Rainfed
Potato 0.13 0.13
Peas 1.80 1.80
Cabbage 0.11 0.11
Beans 0.02 0.02
Capsicum 0.29 0.29
Chillies 0.02 0.02
Total 2.38 2.38
Medicinal andAromatic crops
Total Irrigated Rainfed
Kalazeera 0.029 0.00 0.029
Kuth 0.005 0.005
Chilgoza Grown naturally and harvestedas community resource
Grown naturally and harvestedas community resource
Total 0.034 0.034
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Plantation crops Total Irrigated Rainfed
No plantation crops are grown
Fodder crops Total Irrigated Rainfed
-
Grazing land 317.549
Sericulture etc -
Others (specify) -
1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) Not available Not available 10.07Improved cattleCrossbred cattle 8.078Non descriptive Buffaloes (local lowyielding)
7( brought by migratoryGujars in lower belt ofNichar Block)
Descript BuffaloesGoat 34.63Sheep 74.38
Indigenous 48.09Crossbred 26.28
Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc.) 0.01Commercial dairy farms (Number) Not applicable Not applicable
1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)Commercial Not applicable Not applicableBackyard 5.23
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1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)
A. Capture : Not applicable
i) Marine (Data Source:Fisheries Department)
No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storagefacilities
(Ice plantsetc.)
Mechanized Non-mechanized
Mechanized(Trawl nets,
Gill nets)
Non-mechanized(Shore Seines,
Stake & trap nets)
ii) Inland (Data Source:Fisheries Department)
No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks
B. Culture : Not applicable
Water Spread Area (ha) Yield(t/ha)
Production (‘000tons)
i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ FisheriesDepartment)
Not applicable
ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries Department)
OthersAmong fish two families Salmo-fario ( Brown trout) and Orenius sinuatus are found in Baspa river of Sangla valley and ShongtongTapri belt of Sutlej river. The indigenous fish fauna is uniformly distributed in the waters of the district. At Sangla , there is a trout fishhatchery for the production of trout fish fingerlings . Fish production from trout farm was 0.28 metric tonne during 2006-07. Therewere 7 licensed fishermen during the year 2006-2007.
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1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops
1.11 Name ofcrop
Kharif Rabi Summer Total Cropresidue
asfodder(‘000tons)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)
Maize 589.9 1840 - - - - 589.9 1840 1179.8
Paddy 18.5 843 - - - - 18.5 843 27.75
Wheat - - 527.1 1632 - - 527.1 1632 790.65
Barley - - 1099.6 1078 - - 1099.6 1078 1649.4
Pulses 1.454 731 - - - - 1.454 731 0.727
Potato - - 2.60 13000 - - 2.60 13000 0
Vegetables - - - - 32174 12711 32174 12711 0
Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)Apple 40.277 5217
Nuts andDry Fruits
0.246 201
OtherTemperateFruits
0.213 590
Subtropical 0.055 4583
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Fruits
1.12 Sowing windowfor 5 major fieldcrops
Maize Paddy Wheat Barley Potato Pulses
Kharif- Rainfed 1st week ofApril
2nd Week ofApril
2nd week ofApril
Kharif-Irrigated 1st week ofApril
Rabi- Rainfed 1st week ofNov
2nd week ofOctober - 2nd weekof November
1st week ofOctober
Rabi-Irrigated 1st week ofNov
There is only one cropping season from April to October: for other months of the year, the area receives heavy snowfall;however in lower belts of Nichar block 2 crops are also taken as cropping season extends to 10 months. The total croppingperiod for wheat and barley may go up to 9-10 months as the crops remain dormant under snow cover for a period of 3-4months.
1.13 What is the major contingency the district is prone to? (Tick mark) Regular Occasional NoneDrought √Flood √Cyclone √Hail storm √Heat wave √Cold wave √Frost √Sea water intrusion √Pests and disease outbreak (specify) √
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Others (specify) There are flash floods √
* Flash floods in Satluj and landslides / glaciers are also a phenomenon. Cloud bursts also occur. The flash floods are verysevere
1.14 Include Digitalmaps of the districtfor
Location map of district within State asAnnexure I
Enclosed: Yes
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes
Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes
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Annexure-I: Location map of Kinnaur District in Himachal Pradesh
Source: DAP, Kinnaur (HP)
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100.8
118.7
141.4
95.3
49.2
17.2
54.744.4 41.9
14.524.7 26.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Rainfall(mm)
Months
Mean Annual Rainfall of Kinnaur Disrict
Mean Rainfall (mm)
Annexure-II: Mean Annual Rainfall of Kinnaur District
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Annexure-III
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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
NormalCrop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/croppingsystem includingvariety
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 2weeks
(3rd week ofJuly)
Dry temperatehigh hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
No change Gap filling with improved seeds ifthe plant population is around 70%of optimum
Otherwise re-sow the crop in ridgeand furrow system across the slope
LinkDepartment ofAgricultureand KVK tocreate awarenssof thetechnologyamong thefarmers
Rajmash- Fallow Rajmash- Fallow
Rajmash:Kanchan, Jawala
Adopt soil and water conservationmeasures like terracing toconserve and harvest rainwaterduring kharif/ fallow period
Tillage to control weeds and toconserve moisture during kharif
Mulching with green debris withinrows
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Peas- FallowPea: Lincolnand AP-1
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln andAP-1
Adopt soil and water conservationmeasures like terracing toconserve and harvest rainwaterduring kharif/fallow period
Tillage to control weeds and toconserve moisture during kharif
Timely weed control Gap filling with improved variety
if the plant population is around70% of optimum
Potato- FallowPotato: KufriJyoti
Potato- FallowPotato: KufriJyoti
Mulching with local weeds/grasses
Conservation tillage Gap filling with improved seeds if
the plant population is around 70%of optimum
Otherwise re-sow the crop in ridgeand furrow system across the slope
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Gap filling with seedlings likefinger millet or gap fill with seedsif the plant population is around70% of optimum
Sowing of crop across the slope Timely weed control
High HillsTemperate Dryand Cold
Apple No change Half moon shaped basins toharvest run-off
Weed control in tree basin
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Deserts VegetablesCropping system
No change Mulching with local weeds/grasses
Conservation tillage Gap filling with improved seeds if
the plant population is around 70%of optimum
Otherwise resow the crop in ridgeand furrow system across the slope
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- Barley
Ogla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Gap filling with seedlings likefinger millet or gap fill with seedsif the plant population is around70% of optimum
Sowing of crop across the slope Timely weed control Mulching
with local grasses
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/cropping system
Agronomicmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 4weeks
(1st week ofAugust)
Dry temperateHigh hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
No change
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Mulching withlocal grasses/organic materials
Weed controlmeasures
Ridge and furrowplanting
LinkDepartmentof Agriculture ,KVKs andNGOs for theSupply of seeds
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Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala mprovedvarieties suitable fortemperate zone such asBaspa, triloki andKailash
Gap filling withimprovedvarieties if theplant population isaround70% ofoptimum
and training tothe farmers
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1Improved varietiessuitable for temperatezone such as AP-1,Super AP-1
Vegetables Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri JyotiImproved varietiessuitable for temperatezone and resistant tocold and diseases
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: local
Vegetables vegetables -
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Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Gap filling withthe seeds whenthe plantpopulation isaround 70% ormore thanoptimum plantstands
Timely weedcontrol
Mulching in croprows
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
NormalCrop/cropping system
Change incrop/croppingsystem includingvariety
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
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Delay by 6weeks
(3rd week ofAugust)
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Change in croppingpattern towardsMilletsThe cropping patternscan beOgla-fallowPhaphra-fallow-Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- fallowsMaize fodder- fallow
Mulching withgrasses
Gap filling
Life saving glacialwater diversion
Maintenance ofsoil cover withgreen materials
Addition of highdoses of FYM andorganic manures by1-2 tones /ha
Intercropping withlegumes
Re-sowing/ Gapfilling with higher(15-20%) seed rate
Regular weeding
LinkDepartment ofAgriculture , KVKsand NGOs for theSupply of seeds andtraining to the farmersAwareness campaignby the
Department ofAgriculture ,KVK andNGOs
Mulching withgrasses Life savingglacial waterdiversion
Maintenance ofsoil cover withgreen materials
Addition of highdoses of FYM andorganic manures by
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
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High HillsTemperateDry and ColdDeserts
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
1-2 tonnes /ha Gap filling with
higher (15-20%)seed rate
Regular weeding
Millets (Ogla/Phaphra)- BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(delayedonset)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomicmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 8weeks
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Change in croppingpattern in favor of millets
The cropping patterns canbe
Ogla-fallow Phaphra-fallow Millets (ogla,
phaphra )-fallows Maize fodder-
fallow
Mulching withlocal grasses
Intercropping Adopt weed
control measures
LinkDepartment ofAgriculture andKVK toprovideawareness andtrainingamongstfamers
Use of local
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Wheat- FallowWheat: local
Wheat- FallowWheat: local
Mulching withlocal grasses
Adopt weedcontrol measures
ITKsContinue
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
High HillsTemperate Dryand ColdDeserts
Apple AppleVegetables
Vegetables
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(Normal onset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient &moistureconservation
Remarks onImplementation
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measuresNormal onsetfollowed by 15-20 days dry spellafter sowingleading to poorgermination/cropstand etc.
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Re sowing/ Gap fillingwith higher (15-20%)seed rate in case ofcrop failureRegular weeding
Mulching withlocal grasses
Weed controlmeasures
Awareness byextensionworkers of theDepartment ofAgriculture ,KVKs andNGOs
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Re sowing/ Gap fillingwith higher (15-20%)seed rateRegular weeding
Mulching withlocal grasses
Weed controlmeasures
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
High HillsTemperate Dryand ColdDeserts
AppleVegetablesMillets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (longdry spell,consecutive 2weeks rainless(>2.5 mm)period)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient &moistureconservationmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
At vegetativestage
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Life saving irrigationRe sowing/ Gap fillingwith higher (15-20%)
Intercropping withlegumes like mash
Mulching withlocal grasses
Intercropping
Adopt weed control
Awareness byextensionworkers of theDepartment ofAgriculture ,KVKs andNGOsRajmash- Fallow
Rajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Life saving irrigation
Gap filling with higher(15-20%)
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
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High HillsTemperate Dryand ColdDeserts
Vegetables Life saving irrigationGap filling with higher(15-20%)
Mulching withlocal grasses
Appropriate weedcontrol
Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
Life saving irrigationGap filling with higher(15-20%)
Mulching withlocal grasses
Appropriate weedcontrol
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (longdry spell)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient &moistureconservationmeasues
Remarks onImplementation
At flowering/fruiting stage
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowMaize: local
Life saving irrigation Critical irrigationsthrough glacialmelts
LinkDepartment ofAgriculture andKVK toprovideawarenessamongstfamers and alsoLinkMGNERAGAfor the support
Rajmash- FallowRajmash: Kanchan,Jawala
Peas- FallowPea: Lincoln and AP-1
Potato- FallowPotato: Kufri Jyoti
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Millets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
of waterharvestingstructures
Use of localITKs
High HillsTemperate Dryand ColdDeserts
Apple
AppleStandard Varieties, RoyalDelicious, Kalidevi, SeedRootstock Plants Apple
Training and pruning ofapple orchards
Thinning of fruits in apple
Use of Standard highcolour varieties of appledrought resistant varietiesviz., Red chief,
Use of spur type cultivarsof apple
Use of Clonal rootstocksviz., Malling and Mertonof apple
Use of Mulching(plastic and haymulch)
Manual weeding
Clean basincultivation
Use of dripirrigation
foliar spray of urea@ 0.5 % to replacesoil application
Use of drippers andsprinkler irrigation
TheDepartment ofAgriculture andHorticulture toprovideawarenessamongstfamers
Use of localITKs
Vegetables Life saving irrigation Critical irrigationsthrough glacialmeltsMillets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-
BarleyOgla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresTerminaldrought(Earlywithdrawal ofmonsoon)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Rabi Cropplanning
Remarks onImplementation
Dry temperateHigh Hills
Maize- FallowWheat- FallowBarley- FallowRajmash- FallowPeas- FallowPotato- FallowOgla- Fallow
Life saving irrigationRegular weeding
Maintenance of soilcover with mulching
Early harvesting atphysiological maturityat a reasonable yieldlevel
Use of maize as fodderIf the damage is verysevere
Plan for landpreparation andsowings of rabicrops like Barley,Millets(Ogla, Phaphra ),buckwheat ,vegetablesPea (OctoberMonth)
LinkDepartment ofAgriculture,Horticulture,KVKs andNGOs forawaress ontechnologies andtrainingsamongst thefarmers
Use of localITKs
High HillsTemperate Dryand ColdDeserts
AppleVegetablesMillets (Ogla/ Phaphra)-Barley
Ogla: localPhaphra: localBarley: Dolma
2.1.2 Drought - Irrigated situationCondition Suggested Contingency measures
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
low rainfalland snow fall
Agri-horticulture
Apple+Peas-Apple +Ogla
Vegetables ,millets ( kodra,phaphra ),shortgrowing seasoncrops likevegetables
Re sowing/ Gap filling withhigher (15-20%) Seed RateRegular weedingMulching with local grassesIntercropping with legumeslike mash, raj mashUse of water harvestingsystemsStorage of glacial melts
LinkDepartment ofAgriculture,Irrigation andPublic Health ,Department ofHorticulture,KVKs andNGOs forawarenesscampaignsImplement theprogrammeswithCollaborationwith the projectslike RKVY,NationalHorticultureMission andMNERAGA
Apple+Barley-Apple +Fallow
Apple+Barley-Apple + Fallow
Mulching with local grasseswithin tree basins
Use of water harvestingsystemsStorage of glacial meltsGap filling with higher(15-20%) seed rate
Apple+Rajmash-Apple +Fallow
Apple+Rajmash-Apple + Fallow
Apple+Vegetable-Apple+ Fallow
Apple+Vegetable-Apple + Fallow
Apple+Pulses(Rajmash)-Apple +Fallow
Apple+Pulses(Rajmash)-Apple+ Fallow
Buckwheat- Fallow Buckwheat-FallowMaize-wheatMaize-Barley
Gap filling with higher (15-20%) Seed RateRegular weedingMulching with local grassesIntercropping with legumeslike mash, rajmashUse of water harvestingsystemsStorage of glacial melts
Maize-wheat
Maize-Barley
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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delayedrelease ofwater in canalsdue to lowrainfall
Not applicable
The irrigation in the area is through kuhls only. The kuhls are the water channels diverted from the snow melts/ rivers and broughtto the field under the effect of gravity. These are the community resources and are shared on collaborative basis as per thecommunity water distribution systems.
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajorFarmingsituation
NormalCrop/croppingsystem
Change incrop/croppingsystem
Agronomicmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
Limited release of water incanals due to low rainfall
Not applicable
Non release of water in canalsunder delayed onset of monsoonin catchmentLack of inflows into tanks due toinsufficient /delayed onset ofmonsoonInsufficient groundwaterrecharge due to low rainfall
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2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)- Not applicable as the area receivesmajority of the precipitation through snowfall onlyCondition Suggested contingency measuresContinuous high rainfall ina short span leading towater logging
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Heavy rainfall with highspeed winds in a shortspan2
Not applicable
Outbreak of pests anddiseases due to unseasonalrains
2.3 Floods: Not applicableCondition Suggested contingency measureTransient waterlogging/ partialinundation
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Continuoussubmergencefor more than 2daysSea waterintrusion
2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone*Extreme eventtype
Suggested contingency measurer
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductivestage
At harvest
Heat Wave Not applicable
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Cold waveHorticultureApple and othertemperate fruits
In case of floweringof apple duringMarch April if coldwave persists thensmoking with grassis practiced
Frost Not applicableHorticulture Not applicableHailstormMaize Use of Anti-hail Guns wherever feasible
PulsesPotato& OthervegetablesHorticultureApple Use of Anti-hail nets, anti-hail guns wherever feasibleOther temperatefruitsCyclone Not applicable
2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries2.5.1 Livestock
Suggested contingency measuresBefore the events During the event After the event
DroughtFeed and fodderavailability
Collect crop residues, collecttree fodder,use mangers, use chaff cutters ,hay storage ,
Utilization of fodder from Perennial &reserve sources, Open grazing in forestsand alpine slopes/ community lands andfeeding of crop residues ; use of mangersand chaff cutters , feeding of householdwaste
Culling undesirableLivestock ( sheep and goats) , Raising of fodder trees,replacement ofunproductive animals withimproved ones
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Drinking water Storage of water in tanks ,Traditional water ponds , rivers
Utilization of stored water, Stall drinking ,rivers , traditional water ponds
Rejuvenationof water sources
Health and diseasemanagement
Advance preparation withmedicines and vaccination,Local ethno pharmaceuticaland modern medicines
Treatment of affected livestock by masscampaign, Modern veterinary care ,veterinary camps , insulation
Proper veterinary care ,awareness , capacitybuilding of locals, healthcare management
FloodsFeed and fodderavailabilityDrinking waterHealth and diseasemanagementCycloneFeed and fodderavailabilityDrinking waterHealth and diseasemanagementCold waveShelter/environmentmanagement
Brought back from high hillpasture lands to nearby pastures; restricted open grazing
Stationary conditions in cowsheds , groupliving, dry grass flooring, gunny bags onwindows, gunny bags wrapped on thebelly of milking animals , restricted opengrazing during sunny days only
Open grazing, grazing inopen sun , massage ofmilking animals and otherspecies, hot water bath ofanimals
Health and diseasemanagement
Traditional herbs fed to animals Warm living conditions, syrup of lassi (curd juice ) after roasting fed to animals ,avoid exposure to cold and rains/ snow.
Open grazing in sunny daysand feeding of medicinalherbs . In case of acuteproblem , veterinary care
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2.5.2 Poultry (Backyard only)Suggested contingency measures Convergence/linkages
with ongoingprograms, if any
Before the eventa During the event After the eventDroughtShortage of feedingredients
Surplus storage of poultryfeed ;No special preparations asthese are kept as backyardactivity
Utilization of surplus feed; Noimpact as these is kept incaptivity.Moreover these are kept asbackyard and householdwaste is sufficient for theirkeeping
Kept as backyardactivity AvailingInsuranceCulling affectedbirds
Collaboration withDirectorate of AnimalHusbandary
Drinking water Storage of water in tanks Utilize stored water Kept as backyardactivity and localdrinking wateris sufficient
Water storagestructures can beconstructed incollaboration withMNERAGA , HTMand other schemes ofthe Department ofRural Development
Health and diseasemanagement
Advance preparation withmedicines and vaccination
Mass Vaccination, Locallymanaged with the help ofveterinary care
Kept as backyardactivity and localhealth care ispracticed
Collaboration withDirectorate of AnimalHusbandry
Floods Not applicableShortage of feedingredientsDrinking waterHealth and diseasemanagementCyclone Not applicable
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Shortage of feedingredientsDrinking waterHealth and diseasemanagementHeat wave and coldwaveShelter/environmentmanagement
Proper Ventilation and warmspace
Proper aeration and fan , openspacing, water supply , warmspace
Kept as backyardactivity so noproper action istaken
Collaboration withDirectorate of AnimalHusbandry
Health and diseasemanagement
Local Local and Veterinary care Kept as backyardactivity and localknowledge aboutveterinary care ispracticed
2.5.2 Fisheries/ Aquaculture ( It is a supportive activity only )
Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event During the event After the event
1) Drought Not applicableA. CaptureMarineInland(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow(ii) Changes in water quality(iii) Any otherB. Aquaculture Not applicable(i) Shallow water in ponds dueto insufficient rains/inflow
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(ii) Impact of salt load build upin ponds / change in waterquality(iii) Any other2) Floods Not applicable
A. CaptureNo specific action is taken as it is a supporting activity only and fishes are collected from naturalponds, rivers only .
MarineInland(i) No. of boats / nets/damaged(ii) No.of houses damaged(iii) Loss of stock(iv) Changes in water quality(v) Health and diseasesB. Aquaculture Not applicable(i) Inundation with flood water(ii) Water contamination andchanges in water quality(iii) Health and diseases(iv) Loss of stock and inputs(feed, chemicals etc)(v) Infrastructure damage(pumps, aerators, huts etc)3. Cyclone / Tsunami Not applicableA. CaptureMarine(i) Average compensation paiddue to loss of fishermen lives(ii) Avg. no. of boats /nets/damaged(iii) Avg. no. of housesdamaged
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InlandB. Aquaculture(i) Overflow / flooding ofponds(ii) Changes in water quality(fresh water / brackish waterratio)(iii) Health and diseases(iv) Loss of stock and inputs(feed, chemicals etc)(v) Infrastructure damage(pumps, aerators, shelters/hutsetc)4. Heat wave and cold wave Not applicableA. CaptureMarineInland .B. Aquaculture Not applicable(i) Changes in pondenvironment (water quality)(ii) Health and Diseasemanagement(iii) Any other
No specific action is taken as it is a supporting activity only and fishes are collected from natural ponds, rivers only.