1 © Nokia 2017 Customer Confidential

The path to 5GVTC Spring 2017, 5G Industry Track

5th June, 2017

Dr. David Soldani- Head of 5G Technology, e2e, Global, Nokia- Industry Professor, UTS, Australia

© 2017 Nokia2

5G Global Updates

CMCC 3.5GHz, 2017 pre-standard trials 2020 commercialization

DoCoMo 4.5GHz PoC, VR, Industrial Machine in Nov Open House

KT 28GHz, demos for IOC in February, auction 28GHz in 2018

Commercialization plans (tentative)28GHz USA 2017+28GHz Korea 2018+3.5GHz Europe 2019+3.5GHz China 20204.5GHz Japan 2020

Europe 3.5GHz (28GHz too), trials 2017, Mobility

USA 28GHz, 39 GHz, trials 2017, FWA

© 2017 Nokia4

Nokia Momentum: 40+ Engagements

M2M

© 2017 Nokia5

Public safety

Industry 4.0

Infotainment (VR/AR)

Digital Healthcare

Connected cars (V2X)

The path to 5G: tests & trials plan 2017-20212017-18 2018-19 2019-2021

5GTF SIG Industry specs and LTE 3GPP R13-14

3GPP 5G Phase 1Mobile Broadband

Future-X-like new core

• Smart medication: real-time collection of personal health data

• Personal health systems: wearable systems for monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases

• Assisting service robots: mobile robots assisting e.g. elderly or disabled people

• Virtual and augmented reality for medicine: Three dimensional interactive live holographic visualization systems

• Telecare and telemedicine: remote patient–doctor consultation through a mobile device

• Connected ambulance: real-time connection between hospital, ambulance (and place of incident)

• Immersive experiences: online augmented reality (AR)/VR gaming or experiences. (Incl. in-vehicle.)

• On-site experiences: providing additional features to spectators like replay, view from different angle, translation, etc.

• Tactile internet experiences: recreating sense of touch e.g. bionic suits

• User/machine generated content: users or machines recording self-created imagery which is uploaded to social media or online channels

• Cooperative media production: content worked upon by different users in multiple locations simultaneously

• Distributed performance: sourcing content from different locations in real time (e.g. orchestra)

• Driver assistance: ‘see through front vehicle’, in-dash junction cameras; collision avoidance, emergency braking

• Remote monitoring and predictive maintenance: Sending an alert if faulty and machine learning

• Tele-operated driving: remote driver assistance to vehicles, e.g. emergency case

• Autonomous vehicles: driverless vehicles enabled by V2I and V2V applications

• Platooning: convoy of vehicles driving together, connected to a central operator

• Intelligent navigation: using RT analytics (data from other vehicles, road authorities, traffic mgt. centers, sensors, cameras and radars, etc.)

3GPP 5G Phase 2Critical IoTMassive IoT

Ne

two

rk S

licing

as

a S

erv

ice

• Remote control/monitoring of manufacturing equipment: remote mobile control over fixed/mobile manufacturing robot, transmission of diagnostics information and AR support

• CCTV systems: advanced CCTV systems transmitting several HD and 360º video streams in real time to a control room, to monitor public places or critical infrastructure

• Machine-to-machine communication: closed loop to optimize manufacturing process

• Augmented reality support: design, maintenance and repair (through simulations)

• Intra/inter-enterprise communication: for monitoring of assets distributed in larger areas and efficient coordination across the value chain

• Automated threat detection: use of mobile HD video cameras and cloud analytics to detect suspicious objects, patterns, anomalies or disturbances in public places

• Facial, iris, fingerprint or palm recognition systems: video or scanning systems which match a face, iris or fingerprint with a database in real time

© 2017 Nokia6

5G deployment areas and use cases requiring 4.5, 4.9 and 5G connectivity5G DEPLOYMENT AREAS

5G EXCLUSIVE USE CASES

© 2017 Nokia7

3GPP Release 15 timeline

5G phase-1 (Release-15) scope• eMBB and URLLC both in scope• All architecture options, incl. connecting LTE to 5G Core (as separate Work Item)• Down scoping for Phase 1 most probably needed during 2017

© 2017 Nokia8

5G Releases timeline till 2022

5G Study Items

(SI) completed

L1/L2 freeze.

Non-standalone

Standalone higher

layers, NG-Core

Enhancements

(Unlicensed, Non-

orthogonal multiple

access, …)

2017 2018 2019 2020

5G above

52.6GHz

2021

Release 15 Release 16 Release 17 Release 18

Full ASN.1 freeze for Full 5G feature set and

Standalone (SA) in September 2018

Release 15 contains Accelerated SN.1 freeze for

Non-Standalone (NSA) in March 2018

A-R15 R15

R16 R17

© 2017 Nokia9

5G Network architecture options

S1-MMES1-U

NG2 (CP)

NG3 (UP)

NR

EPC 5G CN

“DC/1A“

E-UTRANR

EPC 5G CN

Can supp.

“DC/3C“

E-UTRA

NR

EPC 5G CN

“DC/1A“

E-UTRANR

EPC 5G CN

Can supp.

“DC/3C“

E-UTRA

NR

EPC 5G CN

“DC/1A“

E-UTRANR

EPC 5G CN

Can supp.

“DC/3C“

E-UTRA

3

Non-Standalone / ”NR assisted”, 5G CN connected

Non-Standalone / ”LTE assisted”, EPC connected

Non-Standalone / “LTE assisted”, 5G CN connected

3a

4 4a

7 7a

LTE LTE Rel15 (“eLTE“) where needed

NR

EPC 5G CN

E-UTRA

3x

7x

Xx-C

Xx-U

NR

EPC 5G CN

E-UTRA

Xn-C

Xn-U

NR

5G CN 2

Standalone NR/

5G CN connected

5G CN

E-UTRA

5

Standalone eLTE, 5G CN connected

Standalone (SA) options

Non

Standalone

(NSA) Options

Nokia preference

Nokia preference

© 2017 Nokia10

5G frequency ranges/bands after RAN#75 (3GPP TR 38.912 v14.0.0)

Frequency range/LTE band Operators whose request is included in the frequency range

3.3-4.2 GHzDOCOMO, KDDI, SBM, CMCC, China Unicom, China Telecom, KT, SK Telecom, LG Uplus, Etisalat, Orange, Telecom Italia, British Telecom, Deutsche Telekom

4.4-4.99 GHz DOCOMO, KDDI, SBM, CMCC, China Unicom, China Telecom,

24.25-29.5 GHzDOCOMO, KDDI, SBM, CMCC, KT, SK Telecom, LG Uplus, Etisalat, Orange, Verizon, T-mobile, Telecom Italia, British Telecom, Deutsche Telekom

31.8-33.4GHz Orange, Telecom Italia, British Telecom

37-40 GHz AT&T, Verizon, T-mobile

1.427-1.518G Etisalat

1710-1785MHz/1805-1880MHz (Band 3) CMCC, China Telecom

2500-2570MHz/2620-2690MHz (Band 7) CHTTL, British Telecom

880-915MHz/925-960MHz (Band 8) CMCC

832–862MHz/791–821MHz (Band 20) Orange

703-748MHz/758–803MHz (Band 28) Orange, Swisscom, Telecom Italia, Telefonica, Vodafone

2496-2690MHz (Band 41) Sprint, China Telecom, C-Spire, China Unicom

1710-1780MHz/2110-2200MHz (band 66) T-mobile, Dish

1920-1980MHz/2110-2170MHz (Band 1) China Unicom, China Telecom

© 2017 Nokia11

Customer Key Value Proposition

Spectrum

Generic 5G Functionality

eMBB(Extreme Mobile

Broadband)

mMTC/URLLC(Massive Machine / Critical Comms)

3GPP Rel/ASN.1 freeze

3GPP (SI/WI)*

2018 2019 20203GPP 5G Rel’15Acceleration

3GPP 5G Rel’15 5G Phase 1

3GPP 5G Rel’16 5G Phase 2

Rel’15 Rel’15 (accelerated) Rel’16

• Mar 2018: Intermediate ASN.1 freeze for NSA• Sept 2018: Full ASN.1 freeze for full 5G feature

set (incl. SA)

• Phase1 3GPP 5G Standalone higher layers, new core for full commercial use

• eMBB and some low latency features

• Phase2 3GPP 5G Enhancements (Unlicensed, Non-orthogonal multiple access, …)

• CA/DC over e.g. 1000MHz (≤ 16 NR CC contiguous/ non-cont. spectrum, ind. config. for UL/DL)

• Cross-carrier scheduling and joint UCI feedback for aggregated carriers with same and different num.

• 8 layer DL SU-MIMO; 16+ layer DL MU-MIMO; 4 layer UL SU-MIMO; Dynamic switching SU/MU in UL/DL

• MUX different numerologies / NR carrier bandwidth in TDM/FDM in UL/DL

• Network slicing support

• Flow based QoS: QFI (QoS Flow Identifier) mapped to 5QI and ARP (Priority) and for GBR flows GFBR, MFBR (Guaranteed and Max Flow Bitrate)

• RRC inactive data

• MAC support of multiple numerologies and/or TTI

• High-layer front-haul split (PDCP-RLC)

• NSA Options 3X (NSA eNB & gNB) and SA Option 2

• Frame structure (FDD/TDD): Pipeline processing (CTRL-DMRS (MIMO)-Data, Data, Data, Data…)

• FFT size: 4096 FFT assumption

• Numerology: Band/SCS, LTE Type CP OH for UL/DL

< 6GHz: 5-50MHz/15kHz, 5/10-100MHz/30kHz, 10/20-100MHz/60kHz

> 6GHz: 50-200MHz/60kHz; 50-400MHz/120kHz

• Slot duration ranging from 0.125 ms to 1 ms

• Waveform: UL/DL CP-OFDM + UL Cpl. DFT-S-OFDM

• QPSK-256QAM + Pi/2 BPSK for uplink DFT-S-OFDM

• Slot of 7 or 14 OFDM symbols and PRB of 12 SC

• Beam tracking & sweeping

• Mobility support

• Coding for UL/DL data and CI: LDPC and Polar

• PSS/SSS: M-Sequence with 3IDs/ Gold-code

• Unlicensed spectrum operation (incl. SA, below and above 6GHz)

• Integrated Access Backhaul (Wireless Relay)

• Self-backhauling support

• NR-WiFi interworking

• LTE/5G Sharing: NR band/LTE-NR band combination; e.g. DL NR (3.5GHz), UL LTE (B3, B8)

• Waveforms and MIMO for >40GHz (Single Carrier)

• Multi-connectivity for >2 nodes

• Lower layer front-haul split (eCPRI)

• NR Sidelink (use cases beyond LTE)

• 1ms UP Latency support

• V2V/V2X (URLLC)

• UL NOMA support (mMTC)

• Connectionless service

28; 39, 3.5 (B42,B43) & 4.5GHz LSA; 5G-U; B28; FDD B1,B3,B8 ++

• 4ms UP Latency support

• Mini-slots: length 1-2 symbols; Target slot 0.5-1ms

• TDM Scheduling granularity for same/different UEs within a slot, especially with beam-sweeping

• MEC capability for external API’s and low latency applications

As per RAN4 WG

*) References: 3GPP TR 38.801, TR 38.802, TR 38.912

5G RAN

Not a Nokia product roadmap: 3GPP updates only!

12 © Nokia 2017

eMBB, URLLCCloud optimized

Layered architecture Stateless VNF support

New business models with Network Slicing

mMTCConvergence

5GS Features targeted for Rel’16

(agreed 3GPP study item topics):

• Policy framework for access traffic steering, switching and splitting

• Multi-access PDU session

• Wireline / Wireless Convergence

• Enhanced V2X

Other items under consideration (not agreed in 3GPP so far):

• Broadcast/Multicast support

• NB-IoT radio connected to 5GC

• Supporting Satellite access as 3GPP RAN

• System impact due to unlicensed spectrum

• Connectionless services

EPC impacts due to NSA (options 3/3a/3x)

• Subscription control (access restriction) for NR

• NR based charging

• Potential QoS enhancements (e.g. new AMBR values)

• Potential security enhancements

5GS Features in Rel‘15

• EPS-5GS interworking

• Layered & service oriented architecture: CP/UP split, SDL

• UE assisted Network Slicing

• Flow based QoS framework

• Access Control & MM framework

• Modular CP with separated MM/SM

• UP with Session Continuity

• Unified policy and authentication framework

• Charging support

• Support of IMS

• SMS over NAS

• Public Warning System (PWS)

• Interworking with untrusted Non-3GPP Access

• Arch. impact due to virtualization – support for 1:n NF resiliency

• Network Discovery & Selection

**) References: 3GPP TS 23.501, TS 23.502

Customer Key Value Proposition

3GPP Rel/ASN.1 freeze

3GPP (SI/WI)**

2018 2019 20203GPP 5G Rel’15Acceleration

3GPP 5G Rel’15 5G Phase 1

3GPP 5G Rel’16 5G Phase 2

Rel’15 Rel’15 (accelerated) Rel’16

• Mar 2018: Intermediate ASN.1 freeze for NSA• Sept 2018: Full ASN.1 freeze for full 5G feature

set (incl. SA)

• Phase1 3GPP 5G Standalone higher layers, new core for full commercial use

• eMBB and some low latency features

• Phase2 3GPP 5G Enhancements (Unlicensed, Non-orthogonal multiple access, …)

NG CORE

Not a Nokia product roadmap: 3GPP updates only!

© 2016 Nokia13

SMF

5G Core (5GC) architecture (Core Network)

• 5G-RAN: Radio Access Network

– NR gNB

– eLTE eNB

• AF: Application function

• AMF: Core Access and Mobility Management Function

• AUSF: Authentication Server Function

• DN: Data Network

• NEF: Network Exposure Function

• NRF: NF Repository Function

• PCF: Policy Control Function

• SMF: Session Management Function

• UDM: Unified Data Management

• UPF: User Plane Function

• UDSF/SDSF: Unstructured / Structured Data Storage Function NG-RAN

N4

N2

AMF

NEF

UDM

5G UE

AUSF

AF

N6

UPF

DN

NR gNBeLTE eNB

NR DU

N1NRF

PCFUDSF/SDSF

N4SMF

N6

UPF

DN

N3

N5

AF UE may have one or more parallel PDU sessions, each with UPF and SMF

UPF may be chainedusing N9 interface (e.g. visited/home network instances)

AMFs interconnected using N14 (i.e. between old AMF and new AMF

NRF interfaces to all other control functions to assist service discovery

UDSF interfaces to any control function to store unstructured data, may be centralized or placed near to each NF

SDSF interfaces to NEF to store structured data

Fle

xib

le

inte

rco

nn

ect

F1

Main functions

N11

© 2016 Nokia14

EUTRANNG-RAN

Legacy EPC interworkingE2E view

N2

N5

AMF

5G UE

MME

SGW-u

S1mme

S5u S11Nx = S10?

S1u

NR gNB

NRDU

N1

S6a

PCF

N3SGW-c

S5c

N11

AMF and MME use new interface, assumed to be based on S10, to support mobility between EPC and 5GC

5GC/EPC interworking requires dedicated interworking nodes combining the following pairs of nodes:

- UDM&HSS

- PCF&PCRF

- SMF&PGW-c

- UPF&PGW-u

N4

AF

UPF PGW-u

PCRF

Gx

Rx

SMF PGW-c

LTE eNB

LTEDU

UDM HSS

N8

N10N7

F1

© 2016 Nokia15

User plane optionsSession and Service Continuity (SSC)

• Wide range of topology options

1. Centralized UPF: For long term stable IP address assignment

2. Cascaded UPF: For local breakout (LBO) and home routed (HR) with visited PLMN mobility anchor

3. Parallel UPF: For short path access with local UPF using IPv6

• Session and Service Continuity (SSC) options

– Mode 1: The IP @ /PDU session anchor is maintained

– Mode 2: IP @ not preserved (*); UPF relocation supported with “break before make” model

– Mode 3: IP @ not preserved (*) but UPF relocation supported with “make before break” model

(*) when UE moves between data centers (not at each radio HO)

NG-RAN

5G UE

N6

UPF

DN

N6

UPF

DN

N6

UPF

N6

UPF

DN

UPF

DN

N6

N9

N3 N3 N3 N3

NG-RANNG-RAN

N3

5G UE

Local BreakOut (LBO)

Home Routed (HR)

1. Centralized

3. Parallel

IP address continuity

2. Cascaded

IP address change

IP@0

IP@1

IP@2

IP@3 IP@4

N3

© 2016 Nokia16

Flows tagged with new “QFI” fields instead of using parallel QCI bearers5G networking flow based QoS solution (5GC)

• QFI (QoS Flow Identifier) mapped to

– 5QI (5G QoS Identifier)* mapped to Resource Type (GBR/N-GBR), Priority Level, Packet Delay Budget (PDB and Packet Error Rate (PER)*

– ARP (Priority) and for GBR flows with Guaranteed (GFBR) and Max Flow Bitrate (MFBR)

• Transport QoS marks (e.g. diffserv) based on QFI tags

• Downlink

– Each UPF uses policy from PCF/SMF to identify flows and adds QFI tags, enforces Session-AMBR and counts packets for Charging

– RAN uses QFI tag and policy to map flows to one or more Data Radio Bearers (DRBs), and enforces Max BitRate (UE-AMBR) limit per UE for non-GBR QoS flows

• Uplink

– UE uses either signaling or “reflective” learning approach to learn policies QFI usage to map to DRBs, and performs UL rate limitation on PDU Session basis for non-GBR traffic using Session-AMBR

– RAN/UPF police QFI usage and enforces Max BitRate (UE-AMBR)/Session-AMBR and UPF counts packets for charging

NG-RAN

5G UE

UPF

Access stratum

Non Access stratum

Application AF

PCF

SMF

NAS

RRC

AMF

Operating system DN

RRC Single GTPutunnel per PDU Session, flows marked with QFI tags in header

QFI

SDN

QFI

QFI

QFI

*) UE UPF

Data Radio Bearers (DRBs)

© 2016 Nokia17

Best effort (CDN)

UPFSMF

Slice instance = NF instances + Compute, Storage and Networking resources

Network slicing

• Core

– AMF level slicing per UE type

– SMF and UPF level slicing per service or per tenant (Service Differentiator)

– UE served by one AMF may be associated with 1 or more sets of SMF and UPFs

– May have meshed mapping between Core, UE type, service type and RAN slices

• End-to-end Network slicing mechanism

– 5GC solution

• UE sends to AMF a NSSAI i.e. a collection of S-NSSAIs (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) each corresponding to a Slice/Service type (SST) and possibly a Slice Differentiator (SD)

• AMF determines the Accepted NSSAI (subset of NSSAI) sent based on user subscription

• SMF selected based on S-NSSAI and DNN (APN)

– EPC solution

• UE provides RAN information to trigger MOCN (pre rel14)/eDECOR (rel14) process

• RAN selects dedicated EPC core

• UE and subscription determine available APN(s)

Best effort (CDN)

UPFSMF

RANUE CP

PDCP

AMF

PDCP

AMF

Best effort (eMBB)

UPFSMF

Smart phone device profile

Public Safety phone device profile

eMBB CO e2e slice

CDN (video) CO e2e slice

URLLC CO e2e slice

© 2016 Nokia24

NG-RAN

FM Convergence based on 5GC

Interworking with untrusted non-3GPP access networks

• RAN-core interfaces

– N1: UE to AMF transparently carried over access

• May be carried over 3GPP and non 3GPP access

– N2: 5G-RAN to AMF (control plane)

• One per UE

– N3: 5G-RAN to UPF (user plane)

• One or more per UE

• 5G-RAN

– Supported RAN

• NR Standalone

• eLTE Standalone

• NR + eLTE Non-Standalone

– Interconnected with Xn

– NR gNB Central unit (CU) – Distributed Unit (DU) split with Fs

• N3IWF: Non 3GPP Interworking Function

– Presents N1/N2/N3 to 5GC as per 5G-RAN

– UE-N3IWF: IKE/IPsec messages encrypted and integrity protected

• UE Identifiers : Unique 5G SUPI (IMSI, NAI) + PEI (IMEI format)

N4

N2

N5

AMF

SMF

5G UE

AF

N6/SGi

UPF

DN

NR gNBeLTE eNB

NRDU

N1

NRF

PCF

Non 3GPP

N3IWF

WLANAP

N1

N3

NEF

UDM

AUSF

UDSF/SDSF

N2

NR gNBeLTE eNB

Xn

F1

LTEDU

N11

Y1

Nwu

Fle

xib

le

inte

rco

nn

ect

Y2F1?

N3

P = Permanent

25

© Nokia 2017

5G Technical Solutions – Summary of Ten Potential Technologies

Benefit

Network based massive

MIMO evolution

UE agnostic MIMO and

beamforming

Low power consumption,

less interferenceLean carrier design

Low latency, high

efficiency

Flexible frame

structure

Higher data rate with

smooth migration

Aggregation of LTE +

5G carriers

Higher efficiencyEnhanced interference

coordination

Improved performanceDynamic TDD

Improved performanceWireless backhaul with

full Duplex

Multiservice flexibilityNew waveforms

Solution

10x..100x more capacityUsage of cm and mm

waves

BenefitSolution

Optimized end-to-end for

any services

Flexible connectivity,

mobility and sessions

Benefit

Network based massive

MIMO evolution

UE agnostic MIMO and

beamforming

Low power consumption,

less interferenceLean carrier design

Low latency, high

efficiency

Flexible frame

structure

Higher data rate with

smooth migration

Aggregation of LTE +

5G carriers

Higher efficiencyEnhanced interference

coordination

Improved performanceDynamic TDD

Improved performanceWireless backhaul with

full Duplex

Multiservice flexibilityNew waveforms

Solution

10x..100x more capacityUsage of cm and mm

waves

BenefitSolution

Optimized end-to-end for

any services

Flexible connectivity,

mobility and sessions

27

© Nokia 2017

5G vs. 4G Capacity per Cell

100 MHz

3.5 GHz

4-8 bps / Hz

400-800 Mbps

cell throughput

5G 3500 with

massive MIMO

beamforming

2.6 GHz

20 MHz

2 bps / Hz

40 Mbps

cell throughputLTE2600 with

2x2 MIMO

10-20 x

5x More Spectrum with 2 – 4x More Efficiency

© 2017 Nokia28

E2E service delivery platform (incl. Verticals)

SLICE 2(Reliability)

SLICE 1(Latency)

SLICE 3(Throughput)

© 2017 Nokia34

Nokia is investing heavily to drive PRODUCT and TECHNOLOGY leadership and enable long term COMPETITIVENESS

Nokia’s INNOVATION and IN-HOUSE technology development will ENABLE carriers to embark on path to 5G with time to market LEADERSHIP

Nokia welcomes theGovernment tenders and is COMMITTED to realize pre-commercial5G tests and trials jointly with stakeholders

Conclusions

35 © Nokia 2017 Customer Confidential

© 2017 Nokia36

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