soec enabled biogas upgrading - brintbranchen.dk¸gild.pdf · soec more efficient than present...
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![Page 1: SOEC Enabled Biogas Upgrading - brintbranchen.dk¸gild.pdf · SOEC more efficient than present Electrolysers Internal waste heat used to split water 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022021900/5b5ce0a47f8b9a16498cf33f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
John Bøgild Hansen, Haldor Topsøe A/S
Christian Dannesboe, Aarhus University
Brintbranchens Årsmøde, April 18, 2018
SOEC Enabled Biogas Upgrading
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Biogas upgrade by means of SOEC
CH4 + CO2 + 3H2O + El 2CH4 +H2O + 2O2
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Fuel Cell and Electrolyser
½O2
H2 H2O
½O2
H2O + 2e- → H2 + O2-
O2-
O2- → 2e- +½O2
H2 + O2- → H2O + 2e-
O2-
½O2 + 2e- → O2-
SOFC SOEC
H2H2O
H2 + CO + O2 H2O + CO2 + electric energy (∆G) + heat (T∆S)SOF
C
SOECDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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SOEC more efficient than present Electrolysers
Internal waste heat used to split water
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Deg C.
kW
h p
er
Nm
3 H
2
Minimum Electricity Input
Waste heat which can be utilised to split water
Energy needed to evaporate water
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CO2 + 4H2 ↔ CH4 + 2H2O (-∆H = 165 kJ/mol)
Syngas = SNG + heat
Energy: 100% = 80% + 20%
SNG100%
80%
20%Heat
SNG Technology
Methanation generates a lot of heat
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Synergy between SOEC and fuel synthesis
SOEC Synthesis
CO2
H2O
Syn
Gas
Product
Steam
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Biogas to SNG via SOEC and methanation
of the CO2 in the biogas
Biogas
Oxygen
Water
Condensate
SNG
SteamMethanator
SOEC
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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EUDP project
50 kW SOEC and 10 Nm3/h methane
Participants:
Haldor Topsøe A/S
Aarhus University
HMN Naturgas
Naturgas Fyn
EnergiMidt
Xergi
DGC
PlanEnergi
Ea Energianalyse
Coordinator:
Duration:
June 2013 -
December
2017
Project sum:
5.3 mio €
Location:
Foulum
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Methanation and SOEC at Foulum
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Major events during the Project
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Topsoe Stack Platform (TSP-1) 8 Stacks
75 cells combined with interconnects, spacers and sealings in one stack
Internal fuel
manifold
External air
manifold
Cell group voltage
probing
Compression free
handling (cold)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Heat up of SOEC unit from cold10-11 hours, but full production on/off within seconds
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0
100
200
300
400
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16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00
Vo
lt o
r A
mp
per
15
0 c
ells
Deg
. C
Hour
Out Preheater
In Stacks
Out Stacks
Volt
Amps
Volt
Current
Temperatures
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Screen dump from Cores
8 Stacks of 75 cells
1.28 V per cell, 65 A = 50 kW
Hydrogen production = 16.3 Nm3/h
3.06 kWh/Nm3
Tinlet = 726 °C
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Production (100 % = 10 Nm3/h CH4)
vs hours on stream. 3.1 kWh/Nm3 H2
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Perc
en
t o
f D
esig
n p
rod
ucti
on
Hours on Electrolysis
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Screen dump from methanator start up
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Transient operation of methanator
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Methanator catalyst very active and stable
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Average gas compositions June 2, 2016
Position CH4 CO2 N2 H2
Inlet 56 43 1 0
Exit 1st
stage
94.58 0.27 0.91 4.23
Product
gas
97.69 0.00 0.95 1.36
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Exergy Flows in CO2 case
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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Efficencies
Configuration
Percent effciency
A
CO2 Meth.
Exergy eff gas 80.2
District heating 0.8
Oxygen 2.1
Exergy eff Total 83.1
LHV eff gas 76.3
LHV DH 14.0
LHV eff total 90.3
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Demonstration Plant - Conlusions
Process values very close to design simulations
Better than SNG quality:
Catalyst for CO2 methanation have high activity and durability
Boiling water reactor design robust and flexible
SOEC close to 100% efficiency (LHV)
Hot start and stop within seconds
Integration of SOEC and methanation unit
Completely automated including all utilities
Operating Strategy:
– Thermoneutral Voltage – Full Production
– Increase Temperature to Counteract Degradation
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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New EUDP project
50 kW SOEC and 10 Nm3/h methane
Participants:
Haldor Topsøe A/S
Aarhus University
Xergi
Duration:
November
2017 -
April 2020
Project sum:
1.5 mio €
Location:
Foulum