[slideshare a]intermediate islam-introductnakhlaq-lesson#3b cont'd(12-nov-2011)

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OFINTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ‘‘ILM AL-AKHLAQILM AL-AKHLAQ

“Verily! You (Muhammad) are upon the most exalted (Khuluq) disposition.”

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ‘STUDY OF ‘ILM AL-AKHLAQ ILM AL-AKHLAQ ””

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

LESSON # 3B – (cont’d) LESSON # 3B – (cont’d)

PREPARATION FOR LEARNINGPREPARATION FOR LEARNING

It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do ” – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do

not know except very little.not know except very little.

When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity,

it is called “it is called “NafsNafs” – ‘self’. And it may go through many ‘states’ (” – ‘self’. And it may go through many ‘states’ (AHWALAHWAL))

The word The word ““QolbQolb” – “” – “Fu-adFu-ad” ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul, ” ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul,

when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding

meanings. Maintining its well-being and purity must be of the ultimate concern.meanings. Maintining its well-being and purity must be of the ultimate concern.

When Allah s.w.t. grants When Allah s.w.t. grants TaufiqTaufiq whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’ whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’

penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “LubbLubb” - ‘innermost’” - ‘innermost’

If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “SirrSirr” – ‘secret’” – ‘secret’

But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.

WaAllaahu a’lamWaAllaahu a’lam

EPISTEMOLOGY

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

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“TRADITIONAL LEARNING FROM ISLAMIC TEACHERS AND SCHOLARS”

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TO CONTINUE LESSON


“ “It is He (Allah) Who has sent amongst the It is He (Allah) Who has sent amongst the

Unlettered a messenger (Muhammad) from Unlettered a messenger (Muhammad) from

among themselves, to rehearse to them His among themselves, to rehearse to them His

Signs, to sanctify them, and to instruct them in Signs, to sanctify them, and to instruct them in

Scripture and Wisdom― although they had been, Scripture and Wisdom― although they had been,

before, in manifest error― before, in manifest error― .“.“

((Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 2Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 2))



““As well as (to confer all these benefits upon) others of As well as (to confer all these benefits upon) others of

them, who have not already joined them: and He is them, who have not already joined them: and He is

Exalted in Might, Wise.”Exalted in Might, Wise.”




“Such is the Bounty of Allah, which He bestows on

whom He will: and Allah is the Lord of the highest

bounty.”

(Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 4)



““Who is better in speech than one who calls (men) to Who is better in speech than one who calls (men) to

Allah, works righteousness, and says "I am of those who Allah, works righteousness, and says "I am of those who

bow in Islam"bow in Islam"



““Nor should the Believers all go forth together: if a Nor should the Believers all go forth together: if a

contingent from every expedition remained behind, contingent from every expedition remained behind,

they could devote themselves to studies in religion they could devote themselves to studies in religion

((LIYA-TAFAQQAHU -FID-DEENLIYA-TAFAQQAHU -FID-DEEN) and admonish the ) and admonish the

people when they return to them― that thus they people when they return to them― that thus they

(may learn) to guard themselves (against evil).” (may learn) to guard themselves (against evil).”

((Qur’an: Taubah: 9:122Qur’an: Taubah: 9:122))


Say: "Are those equal, those who know and those Say: "Are those equal, those who know and those

who do not know? It is those who are endued who do not know? It is those who are endued

with understanding that receive admonition.“with understanding that receive admonition.“

((Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 9Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 9))


“ “So ask the people of the ‘Remembrance’ (i.e. those So ask the people of the ‘Remembrance’ (i.e. those

who know) in matters which you do not know.who know) in matters which you do not know.““

((Qur’an: Anbiya’: 21: 7Qur’an: Anbiya’: 21: 7))


“ “Verily those who truly fear Allah from among His Verily those who truly fear Allah from among His

Servants, those who have knowledge (Servants, those who have knowledge (AL-’ULAMAAL-’ULAMA): ):

for Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving.for Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving.““

((Qur’an: Fatir: 35: 28Qur’an: Fatir: 35: 28))


“ “ Allah will raise up, to (suitable) ranks (and degrees), Allah will raise up, to (suitable) ranks (and degrees),

those of you who believe and who have been those of you who believe and who have been

granted Knowledge (granted Knowledge (UU-TUL-’ILMAUU-TUL-’ILMA): and Allah is ): and Allah is

well-acquainted with all ye do.”well-acquainted with all ye do.”

((Qur’an: Mujadilah: 58: 11Qur’an: Mujadilah: 58: 11))


He (Allah) grants wisdom to whom He pleases; and He (Allah) grants wisdom to whom He pleases; and

he to whom wisdom is granted receives indeed a he to whom wisdom is granted receives indeed a

benefit overflowing; but none will grasp the benefit overflowing; but none will grasp the

message but men of understandingmessage but men of understanding.“.“

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 269Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 269))


Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. said:


“Whomsoever that Allah wishes for him goodness,

He will make him a FAQIH (learned) in matters of

the religion(Deen); and for everything there is a

pillar, and the pillar of this religion is AL-FIQH –

(the profound understanding of the Deen); a

learned scholar (of the Deen) is more difficult

upon satan than a thousand worshippers.”

((Reported by Bukhary and MuslimReported by Bukhary and Muslim))



““Whosoever sets out upon the path in which to seek Whosoever sets out upon the path in which to seek

knowledge (knowledge (‘ILMA‘ILMA), Allah will make easy for him ), Allah will make easy for him

the path to Paradise.” the path to Paradise.”

((Reported by Abu Daud & TirmidziReported by Abu Daud & Tirmidzi))



““The best ones amongst you is the person who makes The best ones amongst you is the person who makes

your remember Allah when you look upon him; and your remember Allah when you look upon him; and

whenever he speaks it increases you your knowledge whenever he speaks it increases you your knowledge

(of the Deen), and with his deeds it inspires (of the Deen), and with his deeds it inspires

(motivates) you to strive for your Hereafter.”(motivates) you to strive for your Hereafter.”

((Hadith reported by Hakim from Ibnu ‘Umar r.aHadith reported by Hakim from Ibnu ‘Umar r.a.).)



““Indeed, Allah bestowed a favour upon the believers when he raised up in Indeed, Allah bestowed a favour upon the believers when he raised up in

their midst a Messenger from among themselves, to convey His messages their midst a Messenger from among themselves, to convey His messages

unto them, and to cause them to grow in purity, and to impart unto them unto them, and to cause them to grow in purity, and to impart unto them

the divine writ as well as wisdom - whereas before that they were indeed, the divine writ as well as wisdom - whereas before that they were indeed,

most obviously, lost in error.”most obviously, lost in error.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 163Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 163))


““Knowledge is not from the listening of much narrations Knowledge is not from the listening of much narrations

(or merely reading books), verily knowledge is light (or merely reading books), verily knowledge is light

(which Allah s.w.t. casts) into the heart.”(which Allah s.w.t. casts) into the heart.”

((Saying of Saying of ** Ibnu Mas’ud r.a Ibnu Mas’ud r.a.).)

* The famous companion (SAHABI) of the Prophet s.a.a.w.The famous companion (SAHABI) of the Prophet s.a.a.w.


““The most meritorious of knowledge is knowledge of The most meritorious of knowledge is knowledge of

the ‘the ‘HaalHaal’ (spiritual state); and the most meritorious of ’ (spiritual state); and the most meritorious of

actions (actions (‘Amal‘Amal -deeds) is to maintain (preserve) one’s -deeds) is to maintain (preserve) one’s

standing (goodly spiritual state attained).”standing (goodly spiritual state attained).”

* Muhammad ibn al-Hassan Abu ’Abdallah al-Shaibany r.h.m. said:

•The famous student of Imam Abu Hanifah r.h.mThe famous student of Imam Abu Hanifah r.h.m. Amongst the teachers of Imam Ash-Shafi’ie r.h.m


• REFLECTION:REFLECTION:

Our concern should be towards drawing close to Allah Our concern should be towards drawing close to Allah

spiritually described as states (spiritually described as states (HaalHaal). In the incremental ). In the incremental

states which we gained, we must strive to maintain with states which we gained, we must strive to maintain with

‘amal ‘amal (practice) as we can regress. When ‘(practice) as we can regress. When ‘istiqomahistiqomah’ in ’ in

one’s Haal is achieved, it is called ‘one’s Haal is achieved, it is called ‘MaqomMaqom’’



““Learn (seek knowledge)! For the learning is an Learn (seek knowledge)! For the learning is an

adornment for the one who (strive and) possesses it; a adornment for the one who (strive and) possesses it; a

virtue and a prelude to every praiseworthy action.”virtue and a prelude to every praiseworthy action.”



• REFLECTION:REFLECTION:

Certainly, this is from the Islamic perspective of Certainly, this is from the Islamic perspective of

knowledge linked to knowledge linked to ‘ibaadah ‘ibaadah – not the secularist-culture – not the secularist-culture

of learning which is attached to value-system quite of learning which is attached to value-system quite

opposed to Islamic ideals.opposed to Islamic ideals.



““Give yourself up to the study of jurisprudence (FIQH), for

the knowledge of jurisprudence is the best guide to piety and

the fear of God and it is the straightest path to the ultimate

goal.”.”

• REFLECTION:REFLECTION: “ “FiqhFiqh” – literally means “profound understanding (of the ” – literally means “profound understanding (of the

Deen)” – ref: al-Qur’an Surah Taubah : 9: 122, which later Deen)” – ref: al-Qur’an Surah Taubah : 9: 122, which later was used to refer to the studies of Islamic jurisprudence.was used to refer to the studies of Islamic jurisprudence.



“It (FIQH) is the milestone leading to the ways of proper

guidance; it is the fortress that saves [one] from all

hardships. “• REFLECTION:REFLECTION: Again, one has to understand Islam’s value system which do Again, one has to understand Islam’s value system which do

not separate the eternal goodness and hardship in Hereafter not separate the eternal goodness and hardship in Hereafter with present life which is temporary and fleeting. Thus, with present life which is temporary and fleeting. Thus, those with secular worldview, may not be able to appreciate those with secular worldview, may not be able to appreciate profoundly this message.profoundly this message.



“Indeed, one godly person versed in jurisprudence (FIQH) is more

powerful against Satan than a thousand [ordinary] worshippers.”

• REFLECTION:REFLECTION: Only by knowing the boundaries between obedience and Only by knowing the boundaries between obedience and

disobedience, instilled withdisobedience, instilled with Taqwa Taqwa (fear of transgression) (fear of transgression) that can effectively equip a Muslim against being tempted or that can effectively equip a Muslim against being tempted or deceived by Satan. Thus, the emphasis upon this knowledge.deceived by Satan. Thus, the emphasis upon this knowledge.



REMEMBER FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSREMEMBER FROM PREVIOUS LESSONS

EPISTEMOLOGY


Knowledge is a collection of Knowledge is a collection of factsfacts, , informationinformation, ,

and/or and/or skillsskills acquired through experience or acquired through experience or educationeducation or or

(more generally) the theoretical or practical understanding of (more generally) the theoretical or practical understanding of

a subject. a subject.

It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or

explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject);

and it can be more or less formal or systematic.and it can be more or less formal or systematic.

OXFORD DICTIONARIES’ DEFINITION:


EPISTEMOLOGY


factsfacts, , informationinformation

SkillsSkills

KnowledgeKnowledge

educationeducation

MA’-LUMAT(information; facts)

SINA’-AH (skills, industrious);

FANNIYAH (artistry);

’ILM – (science and knowledge)

TA-ADDIB; - which includesTA’-LIM; TAR-BIYYAH; TAZKIYYAH, etc.

EQUIVALENT TERMS USED IN ISLAM


EPISTEMOLOGY



EPISTEMOLOGY


Whatever is outside of the Whatever is outside of the

person – to be regarded as person – to be regarded as

information (information ( ) – not ) – not

knowledge ( ).knowledge ( ).

Knowledge resides in the Knowledge resides in the

person – and is also an person – and is also an

attribute (attribute (sifatsifat- ) of - ) of

the person him/herself.the person him/herself.

** By person we mean the By person we mean the

““spiritual soulspiritual soul” - ” - RUHRUH..

* Unlike those with secular worldview that regard knowledge to reside in the person’s ‘physical’ (brain).

REMEMBER FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSREMEMBER FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSAll Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

Information may not Information may not

necessarily convey any necessarily convey any

meanings, but can be meanings, but can be

subjected to process or subjected to process or

interpretation – by a human interpretation – by a human

– striving to seek and – striving to seek and

arriving at understanding of arriving at understanding of

““meaningsmeanings” from it.” from it.

Knowledge has to do Knowledge has to do

with “with “meaningsmeanings” – ” –

which may include which may include

abstract concepts and abstract concepts and

construct, beyond the construct, beyond the

material forms.material forms.


Every one may have equal Every one may have equal

access to a given access to a given

information.information.

Yet, there can be Yet, there can be

difference in levels and difference in levels and

depths of knowledge to depths of knowledge to

a given information, a given information,

depending upon who depending upon who

contemplates upon it.contemplates upon it.


Just as raw data input are Just as raw data input are

meant to be processed by meant to be processed by

the computer , our readings, the computer , our readings,

observations, news, data observations, news, data

and information etc. are and information etc. are

objects to be understood objects to be understood

and possible meanings from and possible meanings from

it to be comprehended by us it to be comprehended by us

human.human.

It is when cognition of It is when cognition of

man are applied to man are applied to

process these process these

information, that he information, that he

may be said to arrive may be said to arrive

at ‘at ‘knowledgeknowledge’ (i.e. ’ (i.e.

when it becomes when it becomes

meaningful).meaningful).


THUS the Qur’an categorize THUS the Qur’an categorize

these (information) as: these (information) as:

““SignsSigns” – ” – aayataayat ( ( ))

Al-Qur’an – Al-Qur’an – aayat Qawliyyahaayat Qawliyyah

Universe – Universe – aayat Kauniyahaayat Kauniyah

THUS the Qur’anic THUS the Qur’anic

approach for man’s approach for man’s

education enjoins him education enjoins him

to “to “ReadRead” (” ( ) these ) these

signs to arrive at the signs to arrive at the

““meaningsmeanings” – ” –

regarding the regarding the REALITYREALITY..


NoteNote: :

Arabic word “Arabic word “universeuniverse” and “” and “a scholar; one who a scholar; one who

is knowledgeableis knowledgeable” is spelt: ” is spelt:

( )( )


“ If it [Tasawwuf] consisted of practices, it could be acquired by

effort(mujahadah), and if it consisted of sciences, it could be gained by

instruction (ta'allum ) but it is akhlaq and it is not acquired until you

demand from yourself the requirements (hukm) of akhlaq, conform

your actions to them, and do justice to them.

Imam ‘Ali Hujwiri [May Allah be pleased with him]


The distinction between practices (rusum) and akhlaq is this, that

practices are contrived (bi-takalluf) actions proceeding from particular

motives (asbab), such that their "outer form" (zahir) is at variance with

their "inner truth" (batin); they are actions devoid of essence (ma'na).

Akhlaq, on the other hand, are non-contrived praiseworthy actions

not proceeding from particular motives. Their outer form is in harmony

with their inner truth; they are actions devoid of pretension.”

Imam ‘Ali Hujwiri [May Allah be pleased with him]


““The knowledge is what benefits, The knowledge is what benefits,

not what is memorized”not what is memorized”

((Imam Muhammad Idris ash-Shafi’e rhm. aImam Muhammad Idris ash-Shafi’e rhm. a.).)


““O YOU who have attained to faith! Why do you say O YOU who have attained to faith! Why do you say

one thing and do another? one thing and do another?

Most loathsome is it in the sight of Allah that you Most loathsome is it in the sight of Allah that you

say what you do not do!” say what you do not do!”

((Qur’an: Saff: 81: 2-3Qur’an: Saff: 81: 2-3))


““Do you bid other people to be pious, the while you Do you bid other people to be pious, the while you

forget your own selves - and yet you recite the divine forget your own selves - and yet you recite the divine

writ? writ?

Will you not, then, use your reason?” Will you not, then, use your reason?”



““THE PARABLE of those who were graced with the burden of the THE PARABLE of those who were graced with the burden of the

Torah, and thereafter failed to bear this burden, is that of an ass that Torah, and thereafter failed to bear this burden, is that of an ass that

carries a load of books [but cannot benefit from them]. Calamitous is carries a load of books [but cannot benefit from them]. Calamitous is

the parable of people who are bent on giving the lie to Allah's the parable of people who are bent on giving the lie to Allah's

messages - for Allah does not bestow His guidance upon such messages - for Allah does not bestow His guidance upon such

evildoing folk!” evildoing folk!”

((Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 5Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 5))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)


““Now there is a kind of man whose views on the life of this Now there is a kind of man whose views on the life of this

world may please thee greatly, and [the more so as] he cites world may please thee greatly, and [the more so as] he cites

Allah as witness to what is in his heart and is, moreover, Allah as witness to what is in his heart and is, moreover,

exceedingly skilful in argument.” exceedingly skilful in argument.”


“NIFAAQ” - SICKNESS OF THE HEART (SOUL)


““But whenever he prevails, he goes about the earth spreading But whenever he prevails, he goes about the earth spreading

corruption and destroying [man's] tilth and progeny: and God corruption and destroying [man's] tilth and progeny: and God

does not love corruption.” does not love corruption.”




REFLECTION:Today, leaders are chosen by people based on their ability to impress and

dazzle others with their speeches.

Even those with better character, outstanding moral qualities, proven

ability to serve, etc. may simply be ‘passed-over’ by such people who can

mesmerised others. They may even claim to religiosity and piety;

exceedingly skilful in imitating the learned with information they may

read in books and internet; and with their social skills they often

manoeuvre and position themselves amongst religious groups seeking to

gain ‘credentials’ through such associations.



REFLECTION:It is frightening that Islamic values and principle in ascertaining the

rightful leadership of the Muslims have been replaced with the secular

culture of “corporate governance”, where economic consideration and

pragmatism is unashamedly embraced over ethical-religious

consideration.

“TAQWA” or any references towards adhering to Islamic principles are

regarded as orthodox, antiquated and irrelevant to their “progressive”,

“open-minded”, “liberal” and “moderate” religiosity (as though coining a

new type of ‘Islam’, whatever that means!).



“And whenever he is told, "Be conscious of Allah (TAQWA)," his

false pride drives him into sin: wherefore hell will be his allotted

portion-and how vile a resting-place! ”

(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 206)


ATTITUDE OF THE ‘MUNAFIQUN’


““Hast thou not observed those who assert that they believe in Hast thou not observed those who assert that they believe in

that which hath been sent down unto thee and that which hath that which hath been sent down unto thee and that which hath

been sent down before thee desiring to go to been sent down before thee desiring to go to TAGHUT TAGHUT (the devil) (the devil)

for judgement, whereas they have been commanded to for judgement, whereas they have been commanded to

disbelieve in him; and disbelieve in him; and SatanSatan desires to lead them far astray.” desires to lead them far astray.”

((Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 60Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 60))



““As for those who take the deniers of the truth for their allies in As for those who take the deniers of the truth for their allies in

preference to the believers - do they hope to be honoured by them preference to the believers - do they hope to be honoured by them

when, behold, all honour belongs to Allah [alone]?” when, behold, all honour belongs to Allah [alone]?”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 139Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 139))



REFLECTION:From being a Muslim, actually one has to strive towards being true believer

– Mu’-meen. Without which, hypocrisy (NIFAQ) may afflict such Muslim -

especially when they lack sincerity towards Allah and the Prophet s.a.a.w.

Such people would inwardly rejects Islam and its teachings, preferring other

“-isms”, ways or rules, even when these are contrary to the Islamic

principles. Their ignorance of Islam would be obvious yet, they may styled

themselves as being well-read, intellectual and ‘knowledgeable ’ on the

subject of Islam.



““When it is said to them: "Come to what Allah hath revealed and When it is said to them: "Come to what Allah hath revealed and

to the Messenger": thou sees the to the Messenger": thou sees the HypocritesHypocrites ( (MunafiqunMunafiqun) , avert ) , avert

their faces from thee in disgust.”their faces from thee in disgust.”

((Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 61Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 61))



““Of the people there are some who say: "We believe in Allah and

the Last Day" but they do not (really) believe. Fain would they

deceive Allah and those who believe, but they only deceive

themselves, and realize (it) not! In their hearts is a disease; and

Allah has increased their disease and grievous is the penalty they

(incur), because they are false (to themselves).””

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 8-10Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 8-10))



““When it is said to them: "Make not mischief on the earth", they When it is said to them: "Make not mischief on the earth", they

say: "Why, we only want to make peace!" say: "Why, we only want to make peace!"




““When it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe" they say: When it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe" they say:

"Shall we believe as the fools believe?" Nay, of a surety they are "Shall we believe as the fools believe?" Nay, of a surety they are

the fools, but they do not know.“ the fools, but they do not know.“




“When they meet those who believe, they say: "We believe" but when

they are alone with their evil ones (SHAYAATIN – their leaders) they

say: "We are really with you, we (were) only jesting.“




REFLECTION:These Muslims, referred to as hypocrites, would outwardly insist their

loyalty and affiliation is with the Muslims, yet they are merely mocking

Islam.

They may have a hidden agenda for this, because their true loyalty is in fact

with their ‘leaders’ whom Allah describes as their ‘Satans’ (SHAYAATIN).



““Allah will throw back their mockery on them and give them rope Allah will throw back their mockery on them and give them rope

in their trespasses (in their trespasses (TUGHYANTUGHYAN) ; so they will wander like blind ones ) ; so they will wander like blind ones

(to and fro)”(to and fro)”




““These are they who have bartered guidance for error: but their These are they who have bartered guidance for error: but their

traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction.” traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction.”




REFLECTION:Although it may seem that they are successful in their scheme, having their

ways infiltrating into the Muslim community and institutions, this is only

because Allah has gave them temporary leeway, to test all of us mankind.

Yet, the reality is that they (MUNAFIQUN) have no true direction in life,

they are astray, groping like the blind.



“Of those who reject faith the patrons are the TAGHUT – (Evil Ones):

from light they will lead them forth into the depths of darkness. They

will be companions of the fire, to dwell therein (for ever).”




REFLECTION:Allah tells us that these hypocrites (MUNAFIQUN) and the Unbelievers

(KAFIRUN) are in fact being led by TAGHUT, who is their WALIY (patron,

protector, friend, helper, etc.).

When judged in the light of Islam, their life is moving along a slippery

downward path into further unbelief.

One of the most glaring sign of the MUNAFIQUN is their ‘intimate’ alliance,

and almost sycophantic dependence upon the help and patronage of those

whom Allah had warned us to be vigilant against.


““O you who believe! O you who believe! Take not Take not for friends and protectors for friends and protectors those those

who take your religion for a mockery or sportwho take your religion for a mockery or sport,― whether among ,― whether among

those who received the Scripture before you, or among those those who received the Scripture before you, or among those

who reject Faith; but (be conscious and) fear you Allah, if you who reject Faith; but (be conscious and) fear you Allah, if you

have Faith (indeed).” have Faith (indeed).”

((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 57Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 57))


“Never will the Jews or the Christians be satisfied with you unless

you follow their form of religion.

Say: "The Guidance of Allah that is the (only) Guidance." Were you

to follow their desires, after the knowledge which has reached you,

then would you find neither protector nor Helper against Allah.”



““O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for your O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for your

AULIYA’AULIYA’ (friends, helpers, protectors, etc.): they are but friends (friends, helpers, protectors, etc.): they are but friends

and protectors to each other. And and protectors to each other. And he amongst youhe amongst you that turns to that turns to

them (for friendship, patronage) them (for friendship, patronage) is of themis of them. Verily Allah guides . Verily Allah guides

not a people unjust.” not a people unjust.”

((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 51Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 51)


““And, indeed, He has enjoined upon you in this divine writ And, indeed, He has enjoined upon you in this divine writ

that whenever you hear people deny the truth of Allah's that whenever you hear people deny the truth of Allah's

messages and mock at them, you shall avoid their company messages and mock at them, you shall avoid their company

until they begin to talk of other things - or else, verily, you until they begin to talk of other things - or else, verily, you

will become like them. Behold, together with those who will become like them. Behold, together with those who

deny the truth Allah will gather in hell the hypocrites,” deny the truth Allah will gather in hell the hypocrites,”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 140Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 140))


81

“ “O ye who believe! Take not into your intimacy O ye who believe! Take not into your intimacy

((bitaanahbitaanah**) those outside your ranks; they will not fail ) those outside your ranks; they will not fail

to corrupt you. They only desire your ruin: rank hatred to corrupt you. They only desire your ruin: rank hatred

has already appeared from their mouths; what their has already appeared from their mouths; what their

hearts conceal is far worse. We have made plain to hearts conceal is far worse. We have made plain to

you the Signs, if ye have wisdom. you the Signs, if ye have wisdom.

((Qur’an : Aali’Imran: 3:118Qur’an : Aali’Imran: 3:118))

*bitaanah : advisors, consultants, protectors, intimate friends, helpers ...


82

““O ye who believe! (Be conscious of Allah and) O ye who believe! (Be conscious of Allah and)

Fear Allah (Fear Allah (TAQWATAQWA) and be with those who are ) and be with those who are

true (in word and deed).” true (in word and deed).”

((Qur’an: Taubah:9: 119Qur’an: Taubah:9: 119))


83

““He is not from my Ummah (community),He is not from my Ummah (community),

One who do not respect our elders, orOne who do not respect our elders, or

One who is not merciful (kind) to our young, and One who is not merciful (kind) to our young, and

One who do not know our One who do not know our ‘Ulama’ - ‘Ulama’ - Islamic scholars Islamic scholars

(and respect their rights ) .”(and respect their rights ) .”

((Hadith of our Prophet s.a.w. Reported by TabranyHadith of our Prophet s.a.w. Reported by Tabrany))



84

“A person is upon the religion (way of life)

of the ones (friends) he is close to,

therefore look to whom you (love to be) close to.”

(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi)



85

””Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the DEENDEEN

(Religion), so look thoroughly into (Religion), so look thoroughly into

the person from whom you acquire the person from whom you acquire

(the knowledge of) your (the knowledge of) your DEENDEEN (Religion).” (Religion).”

Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:


86

“ “Whosoever has an increase in knowledge without any increase Whosoever has an increase in knowledge without any increase

in his detachment (in his detachment (ZUHDZUHD) for the world, would not have any ) for the world, would not have any

increase with Allah except in his distancing himself further”increase with Allah except in his distancing himself further”

((Hadith reported by Dailami from ‘Ali ibn Abi Tolib r.aHadith reported by Dailami from ‘Ali ibn Abi Tolib r.a.).)



87

““He is not an ascetic (He is not an ascetic (ZAHIDZAHID) he who is detached (denounce) the ) he who is detached (denounce) the

dirham and dinar (i.e. money), but verily a true ascetic (dirham and dinar (i.e. money), but verily a true ascetic (ZAHIDZAHID) )

is one who detaches himself from all other is one who detaches himself from all other

except the Irresistable (except the Irresistable (Allah jallaajalaa-luhAllah jallaajalaa-luh)”)”

((Explanation of “Explanation of “ZUHDZUHD” by Ibn ‘Arabiy” by Ibn ‘Arabiy))


88

“ “He who does not exert abstinence (He who does not exert abstinence (WARA’)WARA’) while learning, God while learning, God

(Allah) the Almighty chastise [him] in one of three ways: (Allah) the Almighty chastise [him] in one of three ways:

[1] either deprives him of life in his youth, or [1] either deprives him of life in his youth, or

[2] exiles him into [far-off] regions, or [2] exiles him into [far-off] regions, or

[3] punishes him [by forcing him to enter] the service of the Sultan.”[3] punishes him [by forcing him to enter] the service of the Sultan.”

A SCHOLARS’ ADVICE FROM KITAB “A SCHOLARS’ ADVICE FROM KITAB “TA’LIM MUTA’LLIMTA’LIM MUTA’LLIM””


““O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true and O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true and

grant us the ability to follow it.grant us the ability to follow it.

And make us see Falsehood to be false and grant And make us see Falsehood to be false and grant

us the ability to reject it.”us the ability to reject it.”


"Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we

have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not

upon us a burden like that which You laid upon upon us a burden like that which You laid upon

those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not

with that which we have no ability to bear. And with that which we have no ability to bear. And

pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon

us. You are our protector, so give us victory over us. You are our protector, so give us victory over

the disbelieving people."the disbelieving people."


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92All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

[slideshare a]intermediate islam-introductnakhlaq-lesson#3b cont'd(12-nov-2011)

Education

bounty of allah

allah grants wisdom

islam quran

men of understanding

muslim prophet muhammad

knowledge ilma

understanding meanings

understanding of reality