sketch up modelling

8/8/2019 Sketch Up Modelling

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Importing a 3D AutoCAD model into SketchUp

AutoCAD allows us to draw

with great precision.

SketchUp is a great

resource for rendering andadding various imaging

effects to bring a 3D model

to life.

Save your AutoCADfile,making certain that you

have deleted all extraneous

information and objects

surrounding the model.

AutoCAD will save your

drawing as a .dwgfile.


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Import .dwg into SketchUp

In SketchUp,

from the File menu,

select Import.

From the Import Window, adjust the

Files of type selection to display

ACADfiles (.dwg, .dxf).

Select the AutoCADfile to be

opened.


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Position your model in

SketchUp such that North

falls along the green axis,

pointing away from the

origin (where X, Y, and Z

meet).

SketchUp Pro (the version

that isnt free) provides the

option of selecting a specific

geographic location.

In the free version of

SketchUp, which we use,

you can assume the green

axis points north, and any

imported images from

Google Earth will be

automatically situated

according to this logic.

Positioning your Model


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Rotating your Model

If necessary, rotate your

model to ensure that North

falls along the green axis.

If your model is not pointing

North, then it will be off by a

multiple of 90 degrees.

Be sure to use the Angle entry

area to ensure axial alignment

(press the Tab

key and enter a value).


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Explode

When your model is imported

from AutoCAD, all elements

will be grouped together.

Before trying to manipulate

the individual objects:

select the model,

right-click, and

select Explode.


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Organizing your ModelSketchUp will keep your model

organized. All of your Layers will

be imported and objects will be

converted into SketchUp Groups.

You can rename these groups,

and access additional tools by

selecting the group name from

the Outliner menu and

right-clicking with your mouse.

Wondering where the heck the

Outliner menu is?

D i dE t di


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Drawing and Extruding1. Use the tools from

the tool palettes to

draw shapes.

2. Select the Extrude

tool to turn 2D forms

into 3D.

3. Note that while

drawing a shape, you

can begin typing and

values will be entered

into the value box in

the lower right-hand

corner of the screen,

allowing for more pre-

cise work.

1. 1. 2.

3.

M dC


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Move and CopySelect an object,

then select the

Crosshairs tool

from the tool

palette to

Move objects.

Hold down the Ctrl

key while selecting

the Move tool (then

release the Ctrl key

to type a value into

the box in the lower

right corner) to

create a copy of an

object.

M i dG id li


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Measuring and GuidelinesUse the tape

measure tool to

add guidelines to a

drawing.

This can be useful

when setting up a

grid.

After dimension-

ing, the tape mea-

sure will leave the

guideline in place.

GuidelineVisibility


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Guideline VisibilityThe guidelines can

be deleted individu-

ally or all at once.

They can also be

turned on and off

for printing and

viewing the model.

O tli d C t M


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Outliner and Component Menus

The Outliner and Component menus will help you keep your model organized.

Both can be opened through the Window menu.

The Component menu will open two windows

Feel free to collapse the lower window by selecting the cross

in the upper right hand corner of the top window.

Once you create a Component you can easily select it from the Component menu to insert into your drawing.This is especially useful for repetitive custom elements (like doors, windows, and similar assemblies).

MakingandEditingComponents


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Making and Editing Components

Make components by selecting the elements of the assembly and right-clicking > Make Component.

Insert additional components into the drawing by selecting it from the Components menu.

Edit the component by selecting it and right-clicking > Edit Component.

MakingandEditingGroups


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Making and Editing Groups

Grouping objects allows you to move and manipulate things simultaneously.

The objects may be all the same or can be different from one another.

Select the objects and right-click > Make Group.

Groups can be edited without exploding them.

WorkingwithGroups


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Working with Groups

Using the Paintbucket tool you

can apply materials to every

face of a Groupsimultaneously.

To apply a material to only one

face, or to make additional

alterations to elements within

a group, select the group andright-click with your mouse.

Select from the options given.

By exploding a Group, it will

function as a regular object.

However, you can manipulateelements within a Group

without un-Grouping it by

selecting Edit Group.

EditingaGroup


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Editing a Group

Notice that when working

within a Group, the other

elements in the drawing aregrayed-out.

Materials can easily be

applied to an individual face of

a Group in Edit Group mode.

To exit the Edit mode,

right-click with your mouse

and select Close Group.

This same sequence of

operations works on

Components as well.


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SunStudy


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When developing a sun study, you might select to project your shadows over the course of a specic day,

or over the course of a year, selecting specic times and/or dates for each.

Keep the following in mind as you make these decisions:

Solstices occur twice a year, when the earths axis is pointing directly at or away from the sun, causing the sun toreach its northernmost and southernmost extremes. This results in the longest and shortest days of the year.

In 2008, the summer solstice will fall on June 20, and the winter solstice will fall on December 20.

The equinox is the moment when the Sun is positioned directly over the earths equator, resulting in a day and

night of equal length. This occurs twice annually. In 2008, the equinoxes will fall on March and September 20.

2008 is a leap year; in non-leap years, the solstices and equinoxes fall on the 21st of these months.

Sun Study

Winter Solstice

Dec. 20/21

Summer Solstice

Jun. 20/21

Equinox

Mar. 20/21

Equinox

Sep. 20/21

Annual Sun Study


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Annual Sun Study

March 21, 8:30AM

September 21, 8:30AM

June 21, 8:30AM

December 21, 8:30AM

Daily Sun Study


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Daily Sun Study

December 21, 8:30AM

December 21, 2:30PM

December 21, 11:30AM

December 21, 5:30PM

Changing the Appearance of your Model


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g g pp y

A models appear-

ance while you work

with it does not need

to be the same as

when you export it for

presentation.

SketchUp provides

many options for

altering your models

appearance during

these variousphases; select the

ones that work best

for you.

From the Window

menu, select Styles.

Within the Styles

menu, select the Edit

tab to adjust settings

for the appearance of

your model.


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Model Styles - Edges (design only)


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y g ( g y)

Certain settings in the Edit

tab are only good for usewhile you are designing and

should be adjusted to presen-

tation style settings prior to

exporting images.

Model Styles - Background


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When exporting images of

a model, youll often want to

give an appearance to the

background (sky and ground).

Click on the background but-ton to make adjustments to

the appearance of the back-

ground. This is useful for both

design and presentation work.

Saving Model Styles


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Once youve made adjustments

to a Style, be sure to save your

settings. To do this:

1. Name your style

2. Select Create New Style

3. Click the arrow to show the

Styles window below. This is

where your new style will be lo-

cated along with other presetSketchUp styles.

Create a working style and

a presentation style for ease of

adjusting settings.

When you are ready to export

your jpgs for Presentation

be certain to turn off your

guideline layer, or go to Edit

menu > Delete Guides.

Exploring a Model


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Select Position Camera from the

Camera pull-down menu.

Click on your drawing where youdlike to stand.

Notice that the default Eye Height

is 5-6 (lower right value box).

Once the camera is positioned you

can adjust this to another height.

Base your eye height decision on

the designated occupants

of your space.

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Changing the Eye Height


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Using your scroll wheel will allow you

to zoom in and out. To more

accurately move around in yourmodel, select Walk from the Camera

menu.

By left-clicking

and holdingthe mouse

button down,

the Shoes

icon will help

guide youthrough your

model.

g g y gOnce your camera is positioned

within the model, you can adjust

your Eye Height. Press the tab key

and enter a new value into the EyeHeight value box to do so.

By left-clicking and holding the

mouse button down, the Eyes icon

will help you direct your line of sightaround your model.

Field of View


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You can adjust your Field of View,

or the amount of your model

visible in the modeling window at a

given time. Field of view, or cone ofvision, was discussed when

constructed two-point perspectives

were presented in Arch 151.

SketchUp has a preset Field ofView of 35 degrees. To adjust this,

select Field of View from the

Camera menu. Change the setting

by pressing the Tab button and

entering a new value. Wider viewsoften mean more distortion, but

also greater visibility of the model.

Creating Scenes


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gIt is likely that you will find perfect views from within your

model, or create ideal shade and shadow settings to covey

a particular effect. You also might want to show multiple

views of the same thing with different options ordemonstrate a change in conditions over a period of time.

Creating Scenes allows you to do that.

Creating a scene does not take a snapshot

or create a jpg of your model.Instead, changes made to the model after the scene is cre-

ated will be evident when you return to that scene.

Upon returning to a created Scene, your camera position

will be the same but your model will have changed. A sceneallows you to set specific views that are automatically

updated to reflect changes made to your model.

Select Scenes from the Window pull-down menu. Select the

small plus sign on the upper right hand side of the Sceneswindow to show all options.

Notice all the preset options available.

Position the camera within your model and adjust

shadow and other settings to generate a preferred view.Type a name for this view and click the plus sign on the

upper left to Add Scenes.

Creating Scenes


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Notice that your Scenes appear as

tabs on the top of your Modeling

Window. You can view a Scene by

selecting the tab.

By right-clicking on a tab you are

given other options for adjustments

to that particular Scene.

If you have multiple Scenes set up,

selecting Play Animation will

transition your model from onesaved Scene view to the next in a

continuous loop.

In the Window menu > Model Info

you can adjust how the transitionsbetween Scenes are made.

Section Plane


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The Section Plane allows you to cut

away a portion of your model to look

inside and generate views that

normally wouldnt be possible.When a section plane is moved, the

cut view of your model moves too

- there is dynamic feedback.

Use section planes to createstandard orthographic plans and

sections of models - you can

determine the height or distance

from a surface where the section

cut will be made. Also use SectionPlanes to cut away a face of a model

to make the interior easier to

understand or work on the interior

of a model without having to move,

hide or delete geometry.

To use the Section Plane tool, select

it from the Tools pull-down menu.

Click any surface in your model on

which to orient the plane.Notice that the axis of the Plane

changes as you move it around.

Section Plane


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One the section plane is positioned within your model, use the Move tool to move it around, away or towards walls andfloor planes. Right-click with your mouse to obtain a menu with additional adjustments for the Section Plane.

Try creating a horizontal Section Plane to generate a Plan Cut.

Section Plane Options


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From the View menu > Section Planes to toggle on and off the visibility of the section planes in your model.

Section Plane Options


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From the View menu > Section Cuts to toggle on and off the section cut effect in your model.

Note that in the example above, both Sections Planes and Section Cuts are off.

To delete the Section Plane from your model, select it and right-click with your mouse to select Erase.

Section PerspectiveAdjustyourviewofasectionby


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Adjust your view of a section by

selecting Parallel Projection or Per-

spective from the Camera Menu.

A Section Perspective is a usefulway of showing the content of a

space in a 3-dimensional way. To

create a Section Perspective, se-

lect the Section Plane youd like to

use for the perspective. When itsselected it will turn blue. Right-click

and choose Align View from the

menu that appears. This will align

your view so that you are looking at

your model perpendicular to theSection Plane.

You might need to reposition your-

self within your model to view the

model accurately - use your scrollwheel select Camera Menu > Zoom

Extents.

Section - Parallel Projection (Orthographic Projection)

Section - Perspective

Note: You can include Section Plane cuts in Scenes - the scene

wil l remember which Section Cut was active.

Note: When working with Section Planes, be certain to turn themoff before creating JPGs of your model for presentation!

Alth hSk t hU t l f l d l l ki d l th


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Although SketchUp creates colorful and clean-looking models, the

drawings are not complete.

Drawings created in SketchUp must be brought into Photoshop for

editing. This may be as simple as cropping the image or it may

entail adding tone to areas of section cuts to allow them to read as

truly cut-though. SketchUp provides some objects within the soft-

ware such as people and trees but scanning or downloading your

own objects to insert in Photoshop is typically a better solution as is

adding real background imagery when available.

Export a .jpg of your model and open it in Photoshop

to add to the image, making it much richer than

a single piece of software ever can.

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