IGA-410 SyllabusEnergy Policy: Technologies, Systems, and Markets

Henry LeeFall 2014

M/W 4:10 – 5:30, L140Review Classes: Select Fridays at 2:40 – 4:00, RG-20

IGA-410 introduces students to the design, implementation and assessment of energy policy from the United States and global perspective. Energy influences every facet of our economic and social fabric, affecting international security, economic development, and human health. This course covers a wide range of topics, including oil and natural gas, coal, electricity policy, renewable energy, nuclear power, energy efficiency, climate change, and energy and transportation. It also introduces students to the basic tools used to analyze and assess energy options. The course’s purpose is to expose students to the fundamental factors that drive energy markets, the causes of market failures, and how government interaction can mitigate those failures. It also addresses the political context, both domestic and international, in which government energy policies are designed and implemented.

The syllabus briefly describes each class, assigns the required readings, and lists additional readings that are optional. While most of the early classes will be lectures, to ensure that students understand the fundamentals of energy markets, many of the classes during the second half of the course will be case or issue discussions. Students will be expected to participate in these discussions. There will be three short take home assignments that will provide students an opportunity to 1) use the analytical skills covered in class, and 2) assess specific energy policy issues. Students will also be assigned to write a policy memo on a topic related to one of the class discussions.

Requirements for master’s students are: 1) Three take home assignments (30 points), 2) One policy memo (15 points), 3) Class participation (10 points), and 4) Final exam (45 points). Each student will be assigned a policy memo - assignment details will be handed out in class. The policy memo will be directly linked to the class discussion and thus will be due prior to the class in which that discussion will take place. All assignments will be submitted as hardcopies in the drop box outside Professor Lee’s office, Belfer 302. All course readings are available on the course website. Requirements for doctoral students are the same with the exception that they will be expected to write a 25-30 page paper in lieu of a final take-home. Professor Lee will hand out two paper topics in October and each doctoral student will be asked to select one of the topics in the beginning of the course. There will also be several special discussions for the doctoral students on specific research issues that will be scheduled outside class time.

Review classes will be scheduled on select Fridays at 2:40pm in RG-20. These classes will cover basic microeconomic concepts for those students with limited microeconomic skills. In October, they will also be held to help students with basic concepts of electricity systems.

This course will require students to apply basic microeconomic concepts and will cover methodologies that will allow students to quantitatively assess and compose energy options. While no prerequisites are required, familiarity with microeconomic concepts is helpful.

Professor Lee will hold office hours on Wednesdays, 2:00pm – 3:00pm and Thursdays, 10:30am – 11:30am, and students can sign up on the sheet on the door of Belfer 302. Course assistants’ office hours will be posted in early September. The class size is limited by the number of seats in the classroom.

Henry Lee, Belfer 302, 617-495-1350, henry_lee@harvard.eduFaculty Assistant, Natalie Rios, Belfer 302, 617-495-8850, natalie_rios@hks.harvard.edu Teaching Fellow, Trisha Shrum, trisha_shrum@hksphd.harvard.edu Course Assistant, Rodrigo Perez-Alonso, Rodrigo_Perez-Alonso@hks15.harvard.eduCourse Assistant, Michael McNally, Michael_Mcnally@hks15.harvard.edu

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Class # Date Day Topic

1 9/5 FRI Motivation, Organization, Introduction to the Issues Aims and structure of the course; links between energy and important dimensions of human well-being: energy & economy (development, growth, jobs, trade); energy & environment; energy & international security; survey of tools and approaches for the study of energy issues.

Reading:

(R = REQUIRED, O = OPTIONAL; assignments to be read before the indicated class):

R: GEA, 2012: Global Energy Assessment – Toward a Sustainable Future, Cambridge University Press, 2012, Chapter 1, p. 103-140.

2 9/8 MON The Economics of Energy Supply and DemandWill review demands on capital and labor, patterns of energy use, elasticity, tariff setting, and trade impacts; introduction to market failures (excessive concentration of market power, lack of information, externalities, public goods, and inequality). This class aims to familiarize students with the basic economic concepts that we will use to assess the effectiveness of energy policies in subsequent classes.

Reading:

R: Tom Tietenberg, Environment and Natural Resource Economics, Addison Wesley, sixth edition, 2003, pp. 151-165.

R: Global Energy Assessment – Towards a Sustainable Future – Cambridge University Press, 2012, ch. 6.1-6.5, p. 389-407, http://www.iiasa.ac.at/web/home/research/Flagship-Projects/Global-Energy-Assessment/GEA_Chapter6_economy_lowres.pdf

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3 9/10 WED World Oil & Gas Markets IWhere are oil and gas resources and reserves found, the economics of oil exploration, production and refining, how oil and gas markets work, and the politics of oil and gas, both domestic and international. Political and security implications of world patterns of oil and gas supply and demand.

Reading:

R: Leonardo Maugeri, Beyond the Age of Oil: The Myths, Realities, and Future of Fossil Fuels and Their Alternatives, (2012) pp. 3-36.

R: Ian W.H. Parry and Joel Darmstadler, “The Cost of U.S. Oil Dependency”, Resources for the Future, Nov. 2004, prepared for the National Commission on Energy Policy, http://www.bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/I.1.a_-_Cost_of_Oil_Dependency_44ce6838a8cd5.pdf

R: Maugeri, Leonardo. "An Uphill Climb for the Oil Giants." New York Times, September 30, 2013, http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/23542/uphill_climb_for_the_oil_giants.html?breadcrumb=%2Fexperts%2F2510%2Fleonardo_maugeri

O: William Leffler, Petroleum Refining for the Non-Technical Person (PennWell, 1979) Chapters 2 & 3 pp. 3-25.

O: Suzanne Maloney “Energy Security in the Persian Gulf: Opportunities and Challenges” in Carlos Pascual and Jonathan Elkind, ed. Energy Security (Brookings Press, 2010) p. 37-58.

9/12 Friday Review Class 1

4 9/15 MON Natural Gas MarketsThis class will introduce students to how natural gas markets work. Students will be introduced to both domestic and international markets including pipeline gas and LNG. Will Europe continue to rely heavily on Russian gas?

Reading:

R: National Petroleum Council, Hard Truths: Facing the Hard Truths about Energy, July 2007, Chapter 2: Energy Supply, pp. 131-170, http://www.npchardtruthsreport.org/download.php

R: Tim Boersma and Geert Greving, Why Russian Natural Gas Will Dominate European Markets, Brookings, February 24, 2014, http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2014/02/24-russian-natural-gas-european-markets-boersma-greving

R: Pietro Nivola, “Making Sense of Energy Independence” in Carlos Pascual and Jonathan Elkind, ed. Energy Security (Brookings Press, 2010) pp. 105-118.

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5 9/17 WED The Shale Revolution – Will it Change the Energy Security paradigm?This class will discuss the implications of shale oil and gas resources in the U.S. Will the U.S. become a net exporter of both oil and gas? Is this revolution exportable to other parts of the world?

Reading:

R: Leonardo Maugeri, “The Shale Oil Boom: A U.S. Phenomenon” (Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, June 2013), http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/The%20US%20Shale%20Oil%20Boom%20Web.pdf

R: FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) LNG Overview, http://www.ferc.gov/for-citizens/citizen-guides/lng.asp

R: Philipp M. Richter, From Boom to Bust: A Critical Look at US Shale Gas Projections, German Institute for Economic Research DIW Berlin, 2013, http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.432228.de/dp1338.pdf

O: By David G. Victor and Linda Yueh, The New Energy Order: Managing Insecurities in the Twenty-first Century, Foreign Affairs, January/February 2010 Issue, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65897/david-g-victor-and-linda-yueh/the-new-energy-order

9/19 Friday Review Class 2

6 9/22 MON Oil and Gas in the Developing World: The Case of MexicoThis class will look at oil and gas issues from the perspective of a producing country, Mexico. In the last 12 months, Mexico has enacted sweeping changes in its oil and gas laws. The implications and challenges of these reforms will be discussed.(Guest Speaker: Francisco Monaldi)

Reading:

R: Noel Maurer and Aldo Musacchio, “Pemex (A): In a Free Fall?” and “Pemex (B): The Rebound”, December 2012. HBS Case 9-713-051.

R: Adrian Lajous, Mexican Energy Reform (Columbia University, June 2014) Pages 4-20. http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/our-conferences/north-american-energy-summit/reports/cgep-mexican-energy-reform.pdf

O: Naazneen Barma et al, Rents to riches? : the political economy of natural resource led development (World Bank, 2012) pp. 1-30, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/12/08/000333037_20111208233949/Rendered/PDF/659570PUB0EPI10737B0Rents0to0Riches.pdf

Take Home Assignment 1 due 9/30 at 5pm

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7 9/24 WED Coal: Supply, Demand, and Pollution Abatement OptionsCoal is the most plentiful energy resource in the US, China and India, but it is also among the most carbon-intensive. Class will cover supply and consumption patterns, environmental effects, liquefaction, and carbon capture sequestration technologies.

Reading:

R: MIT Interdisciplinary Study, “Future of Coal”, MIT, 2007, Executive Summary, Chapter 2 and 3, http://web.mit.edu/coal/The_Future_of_Coal.pdf

R: J. Fellows, “Dirty Coal, Clean Future,” (Atlantic, Dec. 2010), http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/12/dirty-coal-clean-future/8307/

R: Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use, National Academic Press, 2010, pages 3-21, http://www.aaec.arkansas.gov/Solutions/Documents/Hidden%20Costs%20of%20Energy%20Unpriced%20Consequences%20of%20Energy%20Production%20and%20Use.pdf

9/26 Friday Review Class 3

8 9/29 MON Nuclear Technologies (Guest Speaker: Matthew Bunn)This class will focus on nuclear power - its potential and the risks inherent in expanding its development.

Reading:

R: How a Nuclear Power Plant Works - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJfIbBDR3e8

R: Read this summary and review of the film "Pandora's Promise" http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/2013/06/04/pandoras-promise-the-triumph-of-hope-over-fear-in-nuclear-power/

R: "Hold on a moment" perspective (critiquing the film "Pandora's Promise," from different perspectives: http://allthingsnuclear.org/movie-review-put-pandoras-promise-back-in-the-box/ or http://www.npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1219&rtid=1

R: Bunn, "Making Nuclear Energy Suitable for More of the World's Energy Supply: Issues and Prospects" (Dec. 2010) http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Making-Nuclear-Energy-Suitable-for-More-of-the-Worlds-Energy-Supply-Issues-and-Prospects.pdf

O: Arab Environment 6, Sustainable Energy: Prospects, Challenges, Opportunities. 2013 Report of the Arab Forum for Environment and Development, Chapter 4, Nuclear Power Option, Hans-Holger Rogner, Adnan Shihab Eldin, 2013, http://www.afedonline.org/report2013/ENGLISH/4-Eng.pdf

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9 10/1 WED Climate Change: Science and Impacts (Guest Speaker: Daniel Schrag)The science of energy-related global climate-change and climate-change impacts; strategies for reducing the risks of energy-related climate change; the IPCC Report and the implications of recent scientific studies.

Reading:

R: Daniel P. Schrag, “Confronting the Climate-Energy Challenge,” Elements, June 2007, pp 171-178, http://elements.geoscienceworld.org/content/3/3/171.full.pdf+html

R: Noah S. Diffenbaugh and Christopher B. Field, Changes in Ecologically Critical Terrestrial Climate Conditions, Science 2 August 2013: Vol. 341 no. 6145 pp. 486-492 DOI: 10.1126/science.1237123, http://www.sciencemag.org/content/341/6145/486.full.pdf

R: Thomas Stocker & Dahe Qin, Working Group I contribution to the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) Summary Slides, http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/unfccc/cop19/cop19_pres_plattner.pdf

10 10/6 MON Policies to Address Climate Change This class will discuss domestic policy options to address climate change including carbon tax, cap and trade and compulsory regulation of power plants.

Reading:

R: Ian Parry, Fiscal instruments for Climate Finance (in Handbook on Energy and Climate Change) Roger Fouquet (2013), p. 377-402.

R: Ian W.H. Parry and William A. Pizer, Emissions Trading versus CO2 Taxes versus Standards, RFF: Resources for the Future, http://www.rff.org/rff/Publications/upload/31809_1.pdf

R: Ted Nordhaus & Michael Shellenberg, “Apocalypse Fatigue: Losing the Public Climate on Climate Change” Environment 360, Nov. 16, 2009, http://e360.yale.edu/feature/apocalypse_fatigue_losing_the_public_on_climate_change/2210/

O: Designing Climate Mitigation Policy. Journal of Economic Literature 48(4): 903-934, with Alan J. Krupnick, Richard G. Newell, Ian W.H. Parry, and William A. Pizer, 2010. http://www.nber.org/papers/w15022.pdf?new_window=1

11 10/8 WED Cost Comparison Methodologies & Energy FinanceMethodologies for evaluating and comparing the costs of energy projects. This class will provide the analytical methods for comparing different electricity generation options and sets the stage for the classes on electricity options that follow.

Reading:

R: Robert S. Pindyck, Microeconomics [7th edition], Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2009. "Investment, Time, and Capital Markets," pp. 573-577.

R: Congressional Budget Office, “The Economics of Climate Change: A Primer,” US Congress, Washington, DC. April 2003, pp. 23-34.

R: Edith Stokey and Richard Zeckhauser, A Primer for Policy Analysis, Norton, Chapter 10, pp. 159-176.

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10/10 Friday Review Class 4

Monday, October 13 – Columbus Day – No Class

12 10/15 WED Electricity Policy IThe economics of electricity markets and their component parts, models for competitive pricing at the wholesale and retail level, transmission pricing and sitting, and the new role for regulation.

Reading:

R: Timothy Brennan, et. al. Alternating Currents: Electricity Markets and Public Policy, Washington DC: Resources for the Future, 2002, pp. 1-12, 33-45, 81-91.

R: Paul Joskow, “Markets for Power in the United States”, The Energy Journal, 2006, vol. 27, no 1, pp. 1-36, http://econ-www.mit.edu/files/1184

R: United States Department of Energy, “Electricity 101”, http://energy.gov/oe/information-center/educational-resources/electricity-101

Videos:

How Electricity Works (20 minutes)

Working of a Coal Fuel Power Plant (4 minutes)

Take Home Assignment 2 due 10/23 at 5pm

10/17 Friday Review Class 5

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13 10/20 MON Electricity Policy IIThis class will focus on the California electricity crisis. What went wrong and what could California officials have done differently? What lessons can one take away from the restructuring reforms that swept the globe in the late 90s and early part of the last decade?

Reading:

R: “Disaster by Design: California’s Experience with Electricity Restructuring“, HKS Case Study A & B, CR 14-01 1632, CR 14-01 1633.

R: Paul Joskow, “Lessons Learned from Electricity Market Liberalization,” Energy Journal: Special Issue on the Future of Electricity 2008, pp. 9-42, http://ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=45388868&site=ehost-live&scope=site

O: Borenstein, Severin. 2002. "The Trouble With Electricity Markets: Understanding California's Restructuring Disaster." Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(1): 191-211. http://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/0895330027175

14 10/22 WED Electricity Policy IIIThis class will introduce students to the challenges of implementing electricity market reforms, including transmission and generation. It will explore the challenges of siting and pricing transmission using the experiences of what happened in NYC as a case.

R: Case on NY Transmission – The New York Independent System Operation (A): Wholesale Energy and Capacity Markets.

R: William Hogan, A Competitive Electricity Market Model, Harvard Electricity Policy Group, October 9, 1993, http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/whogan/transvis.pdf

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15 10/27 MON Renewable Energy – An OverviewThis class starts a three class segment on renewable energy with an overview of key renewable technologies, including wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. The subsequent two classes will explore the policy challenges confronting wind and solar energy options.

Reading:

R: Judith Lipp, “Lessons for Effective Renewable Electricity Policy from Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom” Energy Policy, Vol. 35, No. 11, pp. 5481-5495, 2007, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421507002091

R: David J.C. Mackey, Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air, UIT Cambridge, 2009: pp. 22-28: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c2/page_22.shtml pp. 38-49: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c6/page_38.shtml pp. 50: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c7/page_50.shtml pp. 81-87: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c14/page_81.shtm lpp. 88: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c15/page_88.shtml pp. 186-201: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c26/page_186.shtml

R: John Decicco, Why Pushing Alternate Fuels Makes for Bad Public Policy, Environment 360, 22 Aug 2013, http://e360.yale.edu/feature/why_pushing_alternate_fuels__makes_for_bad_public_policy/2682/

16 10/29 WED Renewable Energy – Policy OptionsThis class will look at the strengths and weaknesses of various policies to promote solar energy options—including feed-in tariffs and renewable portfolio standards.

Reading:

R: Leah Stokes and Henry Lee, Gainesville Regional Utilities’ Feed-In Tariff, HKS Case 1963.0.

R: National Journal, April 25, 2009 “What Exactly is a Feed- In Tariff?” pp. 36-37, http://www.nationaljournal.com/njmagazine/nj_20090425_3763.php

R: Summary of Bingaman Discussion Draft – Renewable Portfolio Standard, January 2009, http://www.eei.org/members/washingtonreps/Documents/Bingaman%201-09%20amendment%20summary%20final.pdf

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17 11/3 MON Renewable Energy – WindClass will discuss the economic and institutional factors affecting greater penetration of wind power in the US. Specifically it will focus on the nine year debate over the development of a wind farm off the coast of Cape Cod.

Reading:

R: Richard Vietor: Cape Wind: Offshore Wind Energy in the USA: HBS case 9-708-022.

R: How a Wind Turbine Works - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNXTm7aHvWc

R: David J.C. Mackey, Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air, UIT Cambridge, 2009: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c4/page_32.shtml pp. 32-34 http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c10/page_60.shtml, pp. 60-67 http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/cB/page_263.shtml, pp. 263-268http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/cC/page_269.shtml, pp. 269

R: Leonardo Maugeri, Beyond the age of oil: the myths, realities, and future of fossil fuels and their alternatives (Praeger, 2010) Ch. 8, pp. 141-154.

R. Boaz Moselle, “Renewable Generation and Security of Supply”, Harnessing Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems, pp. 51-68.

18 11/5 WED Energy Technology and InnovationThis class will examine the innovation process that takes energy technologies from invention to commercialization. It will focus specifically on the institutions and policies that are critical to the development of a new menu of energy technologies.

Reading:

R: Venkatesh Narayanamurti, Laura Anadon and Ambuj Sagar, “Institutions for Energy Innovation: A transformational Challenge” (Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University 2009),http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Institutions-for-Energy-Innovation-A-Transformational-Challenge.pdf

R: K.S. Gallagher, J.P. Holdren and Ambuj Sagar —“Energy-Technology Innovation“ in the Annual Review of Environmental Resources, 31 (2006) pp. 193-237,http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.energy.30.050504.144321

11/7 Friday Review Class 6

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19 11/10 MON Energy Technology Innovation IIThis class will look at the factors contributing to technological innovation in context of the problems facing 1366 Technologies, a local solar startup company.

Reading:

R: Joseph Lassiter, et.al “1366 Technologies” Harvard Business School 9-810-005 (Cambridge, Mass, 2010).

R: Venkatesh Narayanamurti, et al. Transforming the Energy Economy: Options for Accelerating the Commercialization of Advanced Energy Technologies. Energy Technology Innovation Policy research group, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, February 2011, http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/ETIP_Workshop_Report_Feb_2011_2.pdf

20 11/12 WED Energy and TransportationApproximately 70% of oil consumed in the U.S. is consumed in the transportation sector. The U.S. and other countries are aggressively assessing a portfolio of possible alternative options to conventionally fueled vehicles – including electric vehicles, methanol, hybrid cars, CNG vehicles and biofuels. This class will ask students what role governments should play in promoting deployment of alternatively fueled vehicles and what criteria will determine if these or any alternatives will significantly penetrate the market.

R: Transportation Research Board, “Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation,” (Washington, D.C. 2011). Ch. 5, pp. 97-124, http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr307.pdf (on course webpage)

R: NREL Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Expansion: Costs, Resources, Production Capacity, and Retail Availability for Low-Carbon Scenarios, April 2013, p. 7-25, http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/55640.pdf

O: Kelly Sims Gallagher, et. al. “Policy Options for Reducing Oil Consumption and Greenhouse-Gas Emissions from the U.S. Transportation Sector,” HKS Discussion Paper, July 27, 2007, http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/policy_options_oil_climate_transport_final.pdf

Smithsonian Institute – Fuel Cell Basics, 2008, http://americanhistory.si.edu/fuelcells/basics.htm

Take Home Assignment 3 due 11/19 at 4pm

21 11/17 MON Increased Energy EfficiencyThis class will look at increasing energy efficiency – both in buildings and motor vehicles.

Reading:

R: Global Energy Assessment, 2013, IIASA, p. 657-670 and p 722-744 (chapter 10.1 and 10.8), http://www.iiasa.ac.at/web/home/research/Flagship-Projects/Global-Energy-Assessment/Chapte10.en.html

R: Transportation Research, Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation (Washington, DC, 2011) chapter 5 p. 149-194, http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13194&page=149

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22 11/19 WED Country Study 1: Japan: Post Fukushima In 2010, Japan experienced a meltdown at 4 nuclear power plants at Fukushima. The disaster and the subsequent public outcry resulted in the shutdown of all 52 of Japan’s nuclear reactors, forcing the country to dramatically increase its imports of coal and oil. Both energy prices and carbon emissions have risen significantly. This class will look at the Japanese experience and discuss the lessons one can learn.

Reading:

R: Nagatomi, Yu et al, “Short-term Energy Supply and Demand Outlook,” Institute for Energy Economics, Japan, July 3, 2012, http://eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/4584.pdf

R: “Innovative Strategy for Energy and the Environment,” the Energy and Environment Council, Government of Japan, September 14, 2012, http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/egms/docs/2012/greenjobs/enablingenvironment.pdf

23 11/24 MON China IChina is the fastest growing economy in the world. This class will focus on China’s energy use and the driving force that shapes its energy policies.

Reading:

R: Fredrich Kahrl, et al., Challenges to China's transition to a low carbon electricity system, Energy Policy, Volume 39, Issue 7, July 2011, Pages 4032–4041, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511000413

R: Damien Ma, China Answers the Call for Rebalancing in the Next Decade, The Atlantic, March 17, 2011, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/03/how-should-china-solve-its-energy-problems/72716/

O: Yuyu Chen, et al., Evidence on the impact of sustained exposure to air pollution on life expectancy from China’s Huai River policy, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1300018110, PNAS July 8, 2013, http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/07/03/1300018110.full.pdf+html

Thanksgiving Break – No Wednesday Class

24 12/1 MON CHINA IIThis class will continue the discussion on China’s energy policy – focusing on options for reducing the growth in coal consumption, mitigating urban air pollution, and improving long term energy security.

Reading:

R: China Energy Research Institute, China Energy Outlook 2013, Executive Summary, p. 19-46, http://www.eri.org.cn/uploadfile/Executive_Summary.pdf

TBA

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25 12/3 WED Country Study 2: Energy in Developing CountriesThis class will focus on the energy problems confronting poor developing countries. It will use the case of Liberia to discuss the challenges of attracting investments in an electricity system. (I am working on a panel of China experts)

Reading:

R: Akash Deep and Henry Lee: Buchanan Renewables: Bringing Power to Liberia, Case 171813.

12/5 Friday Review Class 7

Final Take Home Exam due 12/10 at 5pm

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