ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX (EEDI)

SHIPS AND ENVIRONMENT

• Closed relation with environment

• Demands for transportation are increasing

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TYPE OF EMISSIONS

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SUSTAINABILITY

• Fulfilling society’s needs without impacting on the

ability of future generations to provide for their needs.

• shall be affordable and acceptable by the society.

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WHAT IMO DID?1. URGES the Marine Environment Protection Committee

(MEPC) to identify and develop the mechanism to limit or

reduce the emission of GHG. By doing so :

• the establishment of a GHG emission baseline;

• the development of a methodology to describe the GHG

efficiency of a ship in terms of a GHG emission index for that

ship

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WHAT IMO DID?

• the development of Guidelines by which the

GHG emission indexing scheme may be

applied in practice.;

• the evaluation of technical and operational;

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THE REVOLUTION OF EEDI

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX (EEDI)

• Calculates the vessel’s energy efficiency

• Under new IMO regulations, EEDI must be equivalent to or less than a reference line value.

• New ships of and above 400 GT where a building contract is placed on or after 1 January 2013

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX (EEDI)

• The guidelines are applicable for :

– New ship before ship delivery

– New ship in service which has undergone a major

conversion

– New or existing ship which has undergone a major

conversion that is so extensive that the ship is regarded as

new constructed ship

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1109

The basic principle of EEDI formula is as follow:

= (Unit)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX FORMULA

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2ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX FORMULA

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SHAFT GENERATORS/MOTORS EMISSIONS

EFFICIENCY TECHNOLOGIES

MAIN ENGINE AUXILIARY ENGINE TRANSPORT WORK

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX PARAMETERS

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX PARAMETERS

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Two Types of EEDI Evaluation

Conventional Propulsion System Unconventional Propulsion System

Diesel Engine That is Directly Coupled to the Shaft to drive the Propeller

Diesel Electric and Steam Turbine

ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN EVALUATION

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CONVENTIONAL PROPULSION SYSTEM

• Power of Main Engine

PME(i) = 0.75× (MCR ME(i) )

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CONVENTIONAL PROPULSION SYSTEM

• Auxiliary Power For ships with a main engine power of 10000 kW

or above, PAE is defined as:

) +250

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CONVENTIONAL PROPULSION SYSTEM

• Auxiliary Power For ships with a main engine power below 10000

kW, PAE is defined as:

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UNCONVENTIONAL PROPULSION SYSTEM

• Power of Main Engine

MPPshaft is 66% of MCR of main Engine ῃelectrical is the efficiency of the electrical component

in the system ranging from 0.9 to 0.95

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UNCONVENTIONAL PROPULSION SYSTEM

• Auxiliary Power

) +250+(

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EXERCISE

• Conventional Propulsion System MCRme = 20 000kW Capacity =20 000Dwt (tonne) CF,ME = 3.206 CF,AE = 3.206 SFCME = 190 g/kWh SFCAE = 215 g/kWh Vref =20 knots 24.1g/tnm

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EXERCISE

• Unconventional Propulsion System MCRme = 20 000kW Capacity =20 000Dwt (tonne) CF,ME = 3.206 SFCME = 190 g/kWh Vref =20 knots ῃelectrical = 0.93

19.1g/tnm

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AUXILIARY POWER EVALUATION

• Auxiliary power obtained need to be checked with Electrical Power Table.

• Electric power table is use to check whether the Auxiliary Powering is enough.

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WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

• Fall in the parameter PAEeff(i) of the EEDI formula.

• Helps covers the Auxiliary Powering.• Uses Rankine Cycle process. (Thermodynamic)• Uses the heat energy from Exhaust gas.• Generate electricity from torque produce by

steam turbine converted through electric generator coupled to the Steam turbine shaft.

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX BASELINE

EEDI baseline is a graph that act as a benchmark

for a ship depending on type and size.

EEDI baseline is done by analysing a number of

ship which is of the same type.

Data obtained is plotted in a graph.

A new ship will be compared to the baseline for

compliance.

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REFERENCE LINE VALUE

•The reference line value is calculated using the parameter as shown

in Table 4.1 to get the required EEDI for the classified ship

•Attained EEDI is the EEDI value actually achieved by an individual

ship

•Required EEDI is the maximum value of the attained EEDI

permissible for specific ship type and size.

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REFERENCE LINE VALUE

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REDUCTION FACTOR

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REDUCTION FACTOR

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REQUIRED EEDI

• Reference line value = a x b-c

• Attained EEDI <= Required EEDI

= ( 1- x / 100 ) x Reference line value

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1111ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX PHASE

Phase 0 - Starting

01.01.2013 until

31.12.2014(0% CO2)

Phase 1 - Starting

01.01.2015 until

31.12.2019(10% CO2)

Phase 2 - Starting

01.01.2020 until

31.12.2024(20% CO2)

Phase 3 – Starting

01.01.2025 and

onward(30% CO2)30

REDUCING EEDI VALUE

1. Reduce ship speed.2. Uses to innovative efficiency technology such

as WHR, Kite, Hull Bubble technology etc.3. Optimise the Hull form to reduce resistance.4. Use smooth hull coating to reduce resistance.5. Use Dual Fuel Diesel Electric Propulsion

System.

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPERATIONAL INDDICATOR

(EEOI)

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EEOI INTRODUCTION

• A voluntary monitoring tool to monitor CO2 emissions and ship’s operational performance efficiency

• To provide users on how to establish a mechanism to reduce emissions from ships during operations

• No baseline and no compliance required yet

• A Representative value for the energy efficiency of the ship’s operation over a consistent period

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EEOI PARAMETERS

• Parameters– Real Fuel Consumption– Distance Sailed– Cargo Mass carried or Work Done– Types of Voyage Operations

•Measured and calculated on daily basis

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EEOI

• Establishing an EEOI– Define the period for which EEOI is calculated– Define data sources for data collection– Collect data– Convert data to the appropriate format– Calculate EEOI

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EEOI Equations

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EEOI Formula

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EEOI Reports on Different Cargo vessels

[VITO survey reports on Belgian Merchant fleet EEOI]

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EEOI Values on LNG Carriers

35 gCO2/t.NM

55 gCO2/t.NM

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EEOI Graphs for Ballast and Port Time

32 gCO2/t.NM31 gCO2/t.NM

15 gCO2/t.NM17 gCO2/t.NM

48 gCO2/t.NM

35 gCO2/t.NM

48 gCO2/t.NM

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Graph of Total EEOI

37%

30%

33%

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Method of Calculations for EEOI

1

2

3

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Sample Calculation of EEOI

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EEOI Calculation Template • Sample Calculation template for monthly and yearly

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Analysis on EEOI values

• High EEOI values– High HFO consumption and the low transport work: low energy efficiency

in return trip– LNG cargo during return trip has been very much unloaded in the delivery

trip.

• Low EEOI values– High LNG consumption, Low HFO consumption in deliver trip– High transport work, Cleaner fuel consumed

• High speed travelled by the vessel results in high duty load• High demand of fuel and thus high emissions

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SUMMARY• Parameters identified

– Fuel Consumption• Different fuels, different carbon emission, HFO(CF = 3.1144)

and LNG(CF = 2.75)

– Distance Travelled & Cargo Mass carried• high cargo mass & distance travel = more efficient trip • Distance & Cargo Mass = Energy Efficiency

– Voyage Period defined• Voyage’s period and date are defined & recorded • EEOI for daily, monthly & yearly Consistent EEOI

– Types of Operations• Different operations are defined for different types of EEOI calculations• Total EEOI = Cargo EEOI + Ballast EEOI + Port EEOI

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Thank You for your time.