sequence of tenses
DESCRIPTION
The presentation includes basic rulesTRANSCRIPT
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SEQUENCE OF TENSESAND INDIRECT SPEECH
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PRINCIPAL CLAUSE SUBORDINADE CLAUSE
Everybody knows
They have informed us
He will tell everybody
He says
that
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PRINCIPAL CLAUSE
SUBORDINADE CLAUSE
Everybody knew
They informed us
He told everybody
He said
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CHANGES OF ADVERBIALS, DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS AND
SOME OTHER WORDS
KARNEVSKAYA, p. 206
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N.B!
This/that - that/those in time expressionsEg. This day – that day, these years –those years
This/that/ these/those - the when used as adjectives
Eg. “This film is nice," she said.– She said that the film was nice.
This/that - itThese/those they (them) – used as pronouns
Eg. “This is a tree," she said.– She said that it was a tree.
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CHANGES IN MODAL VERBS
KARNEVSKAYA, p. 206
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N.B!
Must – must/had to to express obligationEg. She told that I must/had to finish the work
Must – must (not had to) to express logical assumption Eg. She got a nine for her test again. She must be very clever.
Shall – should asking for advice.
- offer offering help. Eg. “Shall I help?” - She offered help. “Shall I do it?” – She asked if she should do it.
Used to – no change
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CORRECT THE MISTAKES
1. She told to me that she was late.
2. “This is a mistake,” she told. She told me that that was a mistake.
3. He said to me that I was right.
4. Sam said me that Den had to be very rich.
5. Peter says, “Everybody is in the garden.”
Peter tells that everybody was in the garden.”