section 5 concrete

7/26/2019 Section 5 Concrete

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QCS 2014 Section 05: Concrete Page 1Part 19: Testing of Water Retaining Structures

19 TESTING OF WATER RETAINING STRUCTURES................................................ 2

19.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................... 2 19.1.1 Scope 2 19.1.2 References 2 19.1.3 Submittals 2 19.1.4 General 2

19.2 TESTING ................................................................................................................. 2 19.2.1 General 2 19.2.2 Cleaning 3

19.3 TESTING PROCEDURE ......................................................................................... 4 19.3.1 Walls 4 19.3.2 Roofs 5 19.3.3 Disposal of Water Used for Testing 5


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19 TESTING OF WATER RETAINING STRUCTURES

19.1 GENERAL

19.1.1 Scope

1 This Part of the specification applies to the testing of structures that are designed with theintention of retaining water.

2 Related Section and Parts are as follows:

This SectionPart 1 ............... GeneralPart 13 ............. Inspection and Testing of Hardened ConcretePart 14 ............. Protective Treatments for Concrete

19.1.2 References

BS 8007 ...................... Code of Practice for Design of concrete structures for the retaining ofaqueous liquids

19.1.3 Submittals

1 The Contractor shall record and submit to the Engineer within 24 hours the results of thewatertightness tests carried out.

19.1.4 General

1 Water retaining structures shall be watertight when subjected to external groundwaterpressures or to tests as specified in this Part.

19.2 TESTING

19.2.1 General

1 The Contractor shall test watertightness of water retaining structures including storagereservoirs and other miscellaneous structures that require to be watertight.

2 All water used for testing shall be potable or irrigation water and the Contractor shall make

arrangements for the supply and disposal of this water.

3 Water retaining structures shall be tested for watertightness after completion, in accordancewith the following method or as directed by the Engineer:

(a) the structure shall be filled with potable or irrigation water in stages not exceeding 1 min 24 h held at each water level for such time as the Engineer may require. Shoulddampness or leakage occur, the water shall be drawn off and the defects remedied tothe satisfaction of the Engineer

(b) in the case of structures which are subdivided into individual tanks, each individualtank shall be tested separately. In the case of underground or partially undergroundstructures, the testing shall take place before application of water proofing membrane,liner material or perimeter drain, filter material or backfilling is placed against the walls


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(c) in the case of hopper bottomed tanks, this shall be taken to mean that no material isplaced against the vertical external walls of the tank, the sloping walls of the hopperbottoms of the tanks being assumed built directly against the excavation apart from theblinding concrete

(d) no placing of material against the walls shall take place until the Engineer has givenhis written approval and acceptance of the water retaining structures as watertight

(e) filling shall not take place earlier than 28 d after the casting of the final sections of thestructure which will be stressed by the filling of the structure.

(f) testing shall not be undertaken until the structure to be tested has been; completedstructurally including roof, if any, and has been passed by the Engineer in writing assatisfactory in all respects other than watertightness, especially in regard to the finalfinish of the work

(g) not withstanding the satisfactory completion of the seven day test, leakage, cracks,and damp patches and sweating visible on the outside faces of the structure shall be

rectified from the water face by an injection system to the approval of the Engineer

(h) repair making the outer face only watertight wall not be accepted, this applies to bobbinholes also

(i) the structure shall be retested until the watertightness is approved by the Engineer.

(j) should the structure fail a test in the above respects, the Contractor shall immediatelytake such steps as may be necessary to:

(i) ascertain the nature and positions of defects or leakage's

(ii) empty the structure

(iii) remedy the defects in a manner approved by the Engineer, employing workerswho are specialists in this class of work

(k) when the remedial work has been completed in the manner approved by the Engineer,the testing and if necessary rectification shall be repeated until a satisfactory test isachieved.

(l) if necessary, in extreme cases of lack of watertightness, the Engineer may reject thestructure or portions thereof.

19.2.2 Cleaning

1 All water retaining structures shall, on completion, be carefully cleaned of all debris, to the

complete satisfaction of the Engineer as follows:(a) shall be brushed down on all internal faces with a stiff broom while still dry

(b) all resulting debris removed

(c) all associated reservoir pipe work shall be cleaned in accordance with the specifiedrequirements

(d) the structure shall then be flooded with approximately 75 mm of clean water

(e) whole of internal faces shall be carefully brushed down with stiff brooms using thewater continuously until all faces are clean

(f) water shall then be drained off

(g) walls and floors hosed and flushed with clean water until perfectly clean.


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19.3 TESTING PROCEDURE

19.3.1 Walls

1 After completion and cleaning of the structure and all associated pipe work, if any, theContractor shall fill the structure up to the top water level and leave for a stabilising period of21 d in order to allow for absorption and autogenous healing to take place.

2 Water shall be added over this period to maintain the top water level.

3 The Contractor shall ensure that all pipes and specials are available in ample time ahead oftesting.

4 Two sets of evaporation trays shall be provided along with two sets of rain gauges.

5 Levels in the trays and structure shall be made and recorded by a hook gauge with vernier

attachments.

6 Before and during testing, flows in the structure under drainage, if any, shall be monitored,measured and recorded.

7 Each under drain shall be numbered and observations reported by under drain number tofacilitate analysis of the data.

8 All leaks shall be repaired within one month of their detection.

9 On the twenty-second day, two shallow watertight evaporation trays of area 0.4 m2 shall befilled with 75 mm of water and placed to float in the structure.

10 The water level in the structure shall be recorded and the test commenced and carried outover the next 7 d.

11 Readings of water levels in the structure and trays shall be made and recorded every 24 hover this period.

12 If the water level in the tank falls by more than indicated by the evaporation trays, or othersign of leakage occurs by the end of the test period then the Contractor shall search andmark all areas of defect.

13 The structure shall then be emptied and the defects made good as specified herein.

14 After completion of remedial measures the structure shall be refilled and the test repeated.

15 This process shall be repeated until the structure is watertight to the satisfaction of theEngineer.

16 The fall of water level in the structure over the test period of 7 d, minus the fall accounted forby evaporation and rainfall shall not exceed 1/500 of the average water depth of the fullstructure or 10 mm whichever is less.


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19.3.2 Roofs

1 The roofs of structures shall be tested for watertightness before laying of roof membrane.

2 Roof and fittings shall be hosed down vigorously and this shall be repeated in such a way asto keep the roof wet for three successive days.

3 Roof and fittings shall be deemed satisfactory for watertightness if no discernible leaks ordamp patches show in the soffit.

4 Roof covering shall be completed as soon as possible after testing.

19.3.3 Disposal of Water Used for Testing

1 The Contractor shall provide suitable means for disposal of water used for testing, such thatno damage results to facilities, structures or property.

2 These means shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer and local authorities.

3 Details shall be submitted to Engineer on request.

4 The Contractor shall be responsible for damage caused by his filling, testing, flushing andwastewater disposal operations.

END OF PART


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QCS 2014 Section 05: Concrete Page 1Part 20: Personnel Qualifications and Certification

20 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS AND CERTIFICATIONS ........ .......... ......... ......... . 2

20.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................... 2

20.2 AUDITORS .......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ......... .......... ......... .......... ......... ......... ....... 2

20.3 READY MIXED CONCRETE COMPANIES ............................................................. 2 20.3.1 Technical Department 2 20.3.2 Production and Operation Department 4

20.4 TESTING LABORATORIES .................................................................................... 5 20.4.1 Concrete Laboratory Department 5

20.5 CONTRACTORS ..................................................................................................... 6 20.5.1 Concrete Construction Department 6

20.6 CONSULTANTS ...................................................................................................... 7 20.6.1 Site Supervision Department 7

20.6.2 Site Supervision / Design Office Department 7


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20 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS AND CERTIFICATIONS

20.1 GENERAL

1 The qualification requirements given in this part are optional unless otherwise mentionedbelow. The purpose of the qualifications is to prepare the industry to cope with the requiredquality of construction. The requirements will become compulsory as and when stated byQatar Standards.

2 Qualifications shall be approved by Qatar Standards or their representatives.

20.2 AUDITORS

1 Qatar Standards auditors and their approved representatives shall be qualified for inspecting

concrete ready mix plants and testing laboratories.

20.3 READY MIXED CONCRETE COMPANIES

20.3.1 Technical Department

1 Position: Technical Manager / QC Manager

Qualifications:

(a) Concrete specification review and concrete mixture proportioning

(b) Concrete constituent materials, their characteristics, and effects on concrete properties

(c) Fresh and hardened concrete properties

(d) Durability of concrete

(e) Production and delivery of Ready Mixed Concrete

(f) Handling, placing and curing of concrete

(g) Specifying and evaluation of concrete strength

(h) Testing of concrete and its constituents

(i) Quality control procedures and statistical analysis

(j) Hot weather concreting(k) Troubleshooting concrete problems

2 Position: Site Supervisor

Qualifications:

(a) The supervisor shall be capable of satisfactorily reading, understanding andperforming the below fresh concrete tests:

BS EN 12350-1 .......... Testing fresh concrete - Sampling ASTM C1064/C1064M Temperature of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement concrete


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BS EN 12350-2 .......... Testing fresh concrete Slump testBS EN 12350-6 ......... Testing fresh concrete DensityBS EN 12390-2 ......... Testing hardened concrete Making and curing specimens for

strength tests

ASTM C1611/C1611M Standard test method for slump flow of self consolidating concrete

3 Position: Lab Supervisor

Qualifications:

(a) The supervisor shall be capable of satisfactorily reading, understanding andperforming the below fresh and hardened concrete tests:

BS EN 12350-1 ......... Testing fresh concrete - Sampling

ASTM C1064/C1064M Temperature of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement concrete

BS EN 12350-2 ......... Testing fresh concrete Slump testBS EN 12350-6 ......... Testing fresh concrete DensityBS EN 12350-7 ......... Testing fresh concrete Air content (Pressure Method)BS EN 12390-2 ......... Testing hardened concrete Making and curing specimens for

strength tests


BS EN 12390-3 .......... Testing hardened concrete - Compressive strength of test specimens

BS EN 932-1 ............. Aggregates - Methods of sampling

BS EN 932-2 ............. Aggregates Methods of reducing laboratory samples

BS EN 933-1 ............. Aggregates Determination of particle size distribution (and dustcontent)

BS EN 1097-6 ........... Aggregates Determination of particle density and water absorptionBS EN 1097-3 ........... Aggregates Determination of loose bulk density and voids

ASTM C566 ............ Method of determination of moisture content

4 Position: Site Technician (compulsory if requested by the Engineer)

Qualifications:

(a) The technician shall be capable of satisfactorily performing the below fresh concretetests:



BS EN 12350-2 ......... Testing fresh concrete Slump testBS EN 12350-6 ......... Testing fresh concrete DensityBS EN 12390-2 ......... Testing hardened concrete Making and curing specimens for

strength tests



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5 Position: Lab Technician (compulsory if requested by the Engineer)

Qualifications:

(a) The technician shall be capable of satisfactorily performing the below fresh and

hardened concrete tests:




strength tests


BS EN 12390-3 ......... Testing hardened concrete - Compressive strength of test specimens


BS EN 932-2 ............. Aggregates Methods of reducing laboratory samplesBS EN 933-1 ............. Aggregates Determination of particle size distribution (and dust

content)



20.3.2 Production and Operation Department

1 Position: Plant/Production/Operation Manager and/or Supervisor

Qualifications:

(a) Properties of concrete and its constituents

(b) Materials management

(c) Plant design, function and maintenance

(d) Batching operations, procedures and dispatching

(e) Materials management and inventory(f) Safety regulations and procedures

2 Position: Plant Operator

Qualifications:

(a) Basic concrete properties and characteristics of its constituents

(b) Scales, meters and batching sequence and control system

(c) Central mixing and discharging

(d) Tolerances, overweight/underweight controls


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(e) Troubleshooting scales, gates and other plant components

(f) Safety procedures

20.4 TESTING LABORATORIES

20.4.1 Concrete Laboratory Department

1 Position: Laboratory Manager / QC Manager

Qualifications:







(g) Evaluation of concrete strength



(j) Hot weather concreting

(k) Troubleshooting concrete problems

2 Position: Supervisor

Qualifications:

(a) The supervisor shall be capable of satisfactorily reading, understanding andperforming the below fresh and hardened concrete tests:




strength tests




BS EN 932-2 ............. Aggregates Methods of reducing laboratory samples

BS EN 933-1 ............. Aggregates

Determination of particle size distribution (and dustcontent)


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3 Position: Technician (compulsory if requested by the Engineer)

Qualifications:

(a) The technician shall be capable of satisfactorily performing the below fresh andhardened concrete tests:



BS EN 12350-2 ......... Testing fresh concrete Slump test

BS EN 12350-6 ......... Testing fresh concrete DensityBS EN 12350-7 ......... Testing fresh concrete Air content (Pressure Method)BS EN 12390-2 ......... Testing hardened concrete Making and curing specimens for

strength tests




BS EN 932-2 ............. Aggregates Methods of reducing laboratory samplesBS EN 933-1 ............. Aggregates Determination of particle size distribution (and dust

content)



20.5 CONTRACTORS

20.5.1 Concrete Construction Department

1 Position: Site Engineer

Qualifications:(a) The site engineer shall be capable of satisfactorily reading, understanding and

performing the below fresh concrete tests:




strength tests



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2 Position: QC Manager/ QC Engineer/ Material Engineer

Qualifications:







(g) Specifying and evaluating of concrete strength





20.6 CONSULTANTS

20.6.1 Site Supervision Department

1 Position: Site Inspector/ Material Inspector

Qualifications:

(a) The site engineer shall be capable of satisfactorily reading, understanding andperforming the below fresh concrete tests:



BS EN 12350-2 ......... Testing fresh concrete Slump testBS EN 12350-6 ......... Testing fresh concrete DensityBS EN 12390-2 ......... Testing hardened concrete Making and curing specimens for

strength tests


20.6.2 Site Supervision / Design Office Department

1 Position: Material Engineer

Qualifications:



(c) Fresh and hardened concrete properties(d) Durability of concrete


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(g) Specifying and evaluating of concrete strength

(h) Testing of concrete and its constituents(i) Quality control procedures and statistical analysis



END OF PART

section 5 concrete

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