second hand smoke exposure among children and young people
TRANSCRIPT
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Second-hand smoke exposure among children & young people in Northern Ireland – progress and challenges
Dr Helen McAvoy
Institute of Public Health in Ireland
www.publichealth.ie
Acknowledgements: Dr. Joanna Purdy and Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell (IPH) and DHSSPS
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Aims
The research aim:
• To report on current patterns and trends in children’s SHS exposure in NI.
Why now and for what wider purpose?• To support DHSSPS and
its agencies in the context of existing strategy.
• To inform ‘key conversations’ on upcoming legislation.
• To consider information needs on SHS in Northern Ireland.
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Methods
Adults• Continuous Household
Survey NI.• Health Survey NI.• Whether smoking allowed
at all inside the home.
Children• Proxy measures through
adult surveys.• Young Persons Behaviour
and Attitudes Survey (11-16 years).
• ISAAC / CHETS.• Lived with an adult
smoker.• Smoking occurred inside
the home.
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Smoke-free homes – ‘what the children tell us’
Trends
Significant decline in the proportion of 11-16 year olds living with a smoker.
Among 11-16 year olds living with a smoker, significant decline in the proportion reporting that smoking is allowed inside the home.
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Source: YPBAS (2003-2013)
Young people (11-16 years) reporting that they live with an adult that smokes (2003-2013)
Smoking in the home Percentage young people(11-16 years)
2003 2007 2010 2013
Children living with an adult that smokes
51.8 42.8 41.8 38.4
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Smoke-free homes – ‘what the children tell us’
Living with an adult that smokes
• 38.4% of 11-16 year olds live with a smoker.
• 57.9% of children living in the most deprived area quintile living with an adult smoker compared to 25.2% of children in the least deprived quintile.
Children co-resident with a smoker experiencing smoking inside the home
• Among 11-16 year olds that live with a smoker, 41.7% report that an adult smokes inside their home, down from 79% in 2003.
Where we are now (2013)
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Smoke-free homes – ‘what the adults tell us’
Adults living with children
• 85% of adults (16+) living in households with children reported that smoking was not allowed at all in the home.
All Adults
• A social gradient was evident among smoking and non-smoking respondents.
• Tightening of the rules on smoking in the home evident over time and across all socio-economic households (between 2010 and 2013) 61-65% most deprived82-88% least deprived
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Proportion of Northern Ireland adults (aged 16+) reporting that smoking was not permitted in the home by whether or not children were resident (2007/08 and 2012/13)
Source: CHS (2007/08); HSNI (2012/13)
No Children One or more Children
0
20
40
60
80
2007/08
2012/13
Number of children resident in home
Re
sp
on
de
nts
(%
)
74%
57%
70%
85%
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32% of 11-16 year olds living with a smoker in 2013 reported smoking was permitted in the family car (YPBAS)
Rules about smoking in the family car(s)
Percentage Respondents 07/08
08/09
10/11
11/12
12/13
Smoking is never allowed in any car
60 62 67 65 70
Smoking allowed (various circumstances)
20 19 16 18 14
Do not have a family car 20 19 17 17 16
Source: CHS (2007/08 to 2008/09); HSNI (2010/11 to 2012/13)
In the car..
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Rules about smoking in the family car(s)
Percentage Respondents
No Children
1 or more children
Total
Smoking is never allowed in any car
66 77 70
Smoking is allowed sometimes in some cars
7 6 7
Smoking is allowed in all cars 7 2 5
Smoking is not allowed only when children are travelling in the car
1 4 2
Do not have a family car 19 11 16Total 100 100 100
Rules about smoking in the family car(s) by whether or not there are children in the household (2012/13)
In the car..
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Other considerations in estimating children’s SHS exposure in NI
• Declines in smoking in pregnancy have outstripped declines in smoking in women generally
• Increased use of e-cigarettes
• Infants and young children’s exposure largely unknown
• Limitations of cross-sectional survey data
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Conclusion
• Data on children’s exposure to SHS is important to inform policy, legislation and associated political and public debate
• Time to agree a set of indicators and monitor these across UK and Irish datasets?
• Survey data has limitations, still need bespoke studies based across key disciplines
• Vulnerability of Northern Ireland children