Jim GregoryProfessor, Dept of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering

Director, Aerospace Research Centergregory.234@osu.edu

614-292-5024

Safe and Efficient Navigation of UASin the Urban Environment

Overview

• Flight hazards in the urban wind field

• Flying anemometer for measurement of urban wind fields

• Vehicle dynamic response

• Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Management in Ohio

FLIGHT HAZARDS

Urban Wind Fields

4

Isolated Roughness Flow

Wake Interference Flow Skimming Flow

Zajic, D., et al (2011)

Vortex Ring State

• Loss of vehicle control, thrust

• Random, violent pitch and yaw motions (Johnson, 2004)

• Formation of large, unsteady toroidal structure

• Limited descent speed

5

Johnson, 2005

FLYING ANEMOMETER

Drone Flights in Gusting Urban Wind Fields: Wake Response

Thorpe et al. AIAA 2018-4218

Sutkowy et al. AHS 74-2018-0135

Flying Anemometer

8

A UAV mounted anemometer will be used to acquire high-frequency wind field characteristics

Can be positioned anywhere desired

Thorpe et al. AIAA 2018-4218

Atmospheric Measurements

9 Thorpe et al. AIAA 2018-4218

Atmospheric Measurements

• Building wake survey

– 12-m roof-level

– 5-m leeward side

– Airfield center freestream

• 5-minute/location survey

Atmospheric Measurements

• Distinct increase in large scale turbulent structures in wake of building roof

• Reduction in turbulence intensity in leeward shadow

• 16 Hz spike due to vehicle vibration

VEHICLE RESPONSE

Quadcopter Flight Mechanics

Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Quadcopter Flight Mechanics

Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Dynamic Maneuvers

Singhal et al. AHS 75-2019-0391

Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Managementfor OhioJim Gregory

Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringDirector, Aerospace Research Center

Unmanned Aircraft Traffic Management

Turnkey UTM solution for the US 33 Smart Corridor, and a scalable solution for Ohio.

Active Radar and Spectrum Sensing

R1400 Active Radar

S1200 RF Spectrum Sensor

Passive Radar

• Radar system utilizing existing “illuminators of opportunity”

– No active transmitter (no FCC license necessary)

– Tuned to receive cell, digital TV, radio, etc. signals

– Equivalent performance to active radar systems

• Low-cost, scalable solution

– Simple hardware components

– Distributed processing network

• Fills gaps between active radar coverage areas – critical for statewide implementation of UTM

• Higher risk research, higher reward

UAS Radar Cross Section Measurement

• Develop extensive library of UAS RCS signatures

– Expansion of existing RCS library developed at OSU Electro Science Laboratory

– Multi-band characterization for active and passive radar systems

– Provides truth data for active and passive radar systems

UAS Service SupplierAiRXOS Autonomous Services Platform

Key Integrated Services

• UAV traffic management

• Coordinated airspace management

• Flight and operational authorization

• Conformance monitoring

• Public and private UTM options

• Cyber-secure architecture

• Integrated with non-cooperative detection solution

Summary

• Flight Hazards in the Urban Wind Environment

• Flying Anemometer

• Quadcopter Response

• UTM