Bulletinof the European Communities

Supplement 7/85

A People s Europe

Reports from the ad hoc Committee

Pietro AdonninoChairman

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EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

Commission

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This publication contains the following documents concerning the pro-ceedings of the ad hoc Committee on a People s Europe:

contents

1. Mandate from the Fontainebleau European Council(25 and 26 June 1984)

2. First report

(a) Covering letter

(b) Text of the 1st report submitted to the Brussels European Council(29 and 30 March 1985)

(c) Extract from the conclusions of the Presidentof the European Council

(d) Letter from Mr Craxi to Mr Adonnino

3. Second report

(a) Covering letter

(b) Text of the 2nd report submitted to the Milan European Council(28 and 29 June 1985)

(c) Extract from the conclusions of the Presidentof the European Council

(d) Letter from Mr Craxi to Mr Adonnino

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European Council meetingat FontainebleauConclusions of the presidency

25 and 26 June 1984

A People s Europe

The European Council considers it essential thatthe Community should respond to the expectationsof the people of Europe by adopting measures tostrengthen and promote its identity and its imageboth for its citizens and for the rest of the world.

An ad hoc Committee will be set up to prepare andcoordinate this action. It will be composed ofrepresentatives of the Heads of State or Govern-ment of the Member States.

The European Council approves the agreementreached on the principle of creating a Europeanpassport and asks the Council to take the necessarydecisions to ensure that this passport is actuallyavailable to Member States ' nationals by 1 January1985 at the latest.

It asks the Council and the Member States to putin hand without delay a study of the measures

which could be taken to bring about in the nearfuture, and in any case before the middle of 1985:

(i) a single document for the movement of goods;

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(ii) the abolition of all police and customs forma-lities for people crossing intra-Community fron-tiers;

(iii) a general system for ensuring the equivalenceof university diplomas, in order to bring about theeffective freedom of establishment within theCommunity.

The Committee will examine inter alia the fol-lowing suggestions:

(i) symbols of the Community' s existence, such asa flag and an anthem;

(ii) formation of European sports teams;

(iii) streamlining procedures at frontier posts;

(ill) minting of a European coinage, namely theECD.

It would also like the Member States to take stepsto encourage young people to participate in projectsorganized by the Community beyond its frontiers,and in particular to support the creation of nationalcommittees of European volunteers for develop-ment, bringing together young Europeans who wishto work on development projects in the ThirdWorld.

The ad hoc Committee will also examine the fol-lowing suggestions:

(i) measures to combat drug abuse;

(ii) the twinning of children s classes.

The Commission will contribute to the proceedingsof the Committee within the limits of its powers.

Report from the ad hoc Committeeon a People s Europe

Introductory letterfrom the Chairmanto the Presidentof the European Council (8. Craxi)

Mr President,

1. Following the Dublin European Council's invi-

tation, and in the spirit laid down in its report tothat Council, the Committee has the honour tosubmit a first series of proposals for considerationin the March 1985 meeting of the Heads of Stateor Government. They relate to those points in theFontainebleau European Council conclusions forwhich a timetable for action was set.

The Committee considered that the European

Council would be best served by a series of pro-posals concentrating on a fIrst part of its total

work-programme, but complete in themselves andsusceptible of leading to concrete decisions hereand now.

2. This is why the present report is essentiallyconfmed to examining problems connected withthe abolition of border checks on individuals andtheir goods and with a general system of recogni-tion of the equivalence of university diplomas.

The Committee however intends as already indica-ted to report on other wider initiatives in June; itwill in particular examine the possibilities:

(a) for strengthening the special rights of citizens,

in particular voting rights, improvement ofcitizenscomplaints procedures and simplification of Com-munity legislation. It is essential to ensure for thecitizen an active role as a participant in a Com-munity which he understands and which offers realinfluence to him on matters of importance for hislife;

(b) for initiatives in the field of health and socialsecurity and cooperation in combating drug abuse;

(c) for the promotion of action in:

(i) the educational field, in particular languageteaching, teacher and student mobility, recognition

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of diplomas for academic purposes, university co-operation and vocational training;

(ii) the cultural field, in particular direct .access ofthe citizens to 1V programmes throughout theCommunity, the encouragement of a competitiveEuropean audio-visual industry and a EuropeanAcademy of Arts, Science and Culture;

(ill) the field of information on, and knowledge of,the Community;

(iv) the field, especially, of youth and professionalexchanges;

(v) encouragement of sporting activities within theCommunity and the use of Community emblems insuch events;

( d) for further proposals on the simplification ofcontrols at frontier posts and on giving a strength-ened identity to the Community at external fron-

tiers.

Finally the Committee will examine symbols of theCommunity' s identity, here the Committee wouldagain urge the European Council to take all neces-sary steps to ensure that the European common-format passport will be available in all of theMember States as soon as possible, not only, as atpresent, in the minority of States.

3. Throughout its work the Committee attachesthe greatest importance to the need to simplify and .to reduce the burden of Community legislation onthe individual citizen. The aim should be thatlegislation should be more easily understood andmore accessible to citizens, and that administrativeproblems should be lessened.

4. Where appropriate, the proposals of theCommittee consist of two complementary approa-ches: on the one hand the definition of a longer-term objective, on the other a number of concretemeasures which can be taken straightaway. TheCommittee considers it very important that theEuropean Council should pronounce itself on bothapproaches.

5. The Committee also wants to underline the

importance of liberating the Community from anendless carousel of meetings at various levels up tothe ministers themselves, on essentially technical

and administrative matters. The European Councilcan break this vicious circle and the necessary

decisions must be taken.

6. Lastly the Committee would like to refer to theuseful role played by the Commission of the Euro-pean Communities. It would also stress that it haskept inconstant contact and held discussions with

the elected representatives of the European citizensnamely the European Parliament and its variouscommittees.

Pietro Adonnino

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Report from the ad hoc Committeeon a People s Europe

To the European Council, Brussels,29 and 30 March 1985

Introduction

1. 1. This report deals with some importanttopics relating to the 'People s Europe

(i) freedom of movement for Community citizens,

(ii) freedom of movement of goods, includingtransport services,

(ill) administrative formalities for border-areatrafic,

(iv) wider opportunities for employment and resi-dence.

In dealing with these topics the Committee hasbeen guided by certain principles which are relevantto its task as a whole.

2. The aim of the Committee is to proposearrangements which will be of direct relevance toCommunity citizens and which will visibly offerthem tangible benefits in their everyday lives.Emphasis is laid on arrangements which have arealistic chance of being implemented in the rela-tively short term. The goal should be an easing ofrules and practices which cause irritation to Com-munity citizens. This is of great importance inmaking the Community more credible in the eyesof its citizens.

3. Steps forward are not always a question ofadopting new rules and regulations. Progress in theview of citizens is often best obtained by implemen-ting decisions already adopted and by their admi-nistration in real-life situations. This can be farmore important than formal progress made by theintroduction of new uniform rules of little or noconsequence for the Community citizen in hiseveryday life. This consideration is relevant to theinstitutions of the Community in fulfilling theirresponsibilities under the Treaties, but also for theMember States themselves by suppressing unneces.sary formalities and by taking into account theCommunity dimension both in their legislation andin their administrative practices.

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A. Easing of rules and practiceswhich cause irritation toCommunity citizens andundermine the credibilityof the Community

4. The problems the Committee deals within thischapter relate essentially to the freedom of move-ment of citizens and oftheir personal goods withinthe Community. The text of the Fontainebleaumandate called for a study of measures which couldbe taken to bring about ' the abolition of all policeand customs formalities for people crossing intra-Community frontiers

5. The European Council should confmn thisposition at the same time as it takes the decisionson immediate measures which .are set out below.This is a necessary corollary of the programme forthe completion of the internal market which hasreceived, rightly, the highest priority. With itsmanifold ramifications, however, this will requiretime. Abolishing all formalities would presupposeamongst other things some reasonable degree offiscal harmonization (especially excise duties), thetransfer of taxing points from borders to the interiorof each Member State, the gradual application of acommon policy on third country citizens and closercooperation between the police and judicial servicesof the Member States. For the full and integralimplementation of.a 'Europe without frontiers('Europe sans frontieres ), Mr Delors, President ofthe European Commission, has recently proposed1992 as the target year. It is indeed a very complexprogramme on which work has to continue withoutdelay. But in the mean time the measures which aresummarized below could and should be decidedupon now.

I. Freedom of movementfor Community citizens

6. The simplest case concerns land frontiersbetween two Member States. The case of seaportsand airports, although not different in principle, isoften more complicated in practice because it alsoinvolves more traffic with third country citizens.Therefore, one should not look for identical solu-tions on every detail immediately; but all effortsshould be undertaken without delay to facilitatefrontier traffic for the citizens of Europe, taking intoaccount the special situation of countries without

common Community frontiers. Care should betaken that progress already obtained in individualcases should not be set back by the introduction ofrules of general application. The European Com-mission has recently presented a draft directive tothe Council covering all different .aspects of thesequestions in a comprehensive way, which theCommission considers should be applied by 1 July1985.

7. The specific recommendations of the Commit-tee, on freedom of movement for Communitycitizens, are as follows:

Immediate action

Without waiting for the adoption of a directive bythe Council, the European Council should decidenow that Member States should take all possiblepractical steps on the road towards the more com-prehensive solution, such as:

(i) at the land frontiers between two MemberStates, they should proceed in the three monthsafter the meeting of the European Council to thesimplification of control of individual citizens of

Member States of the European Community onroad frontier posts preferably by direct observationof vehicles travelling at low speed and of which thewindscreens have been provided, as appropriate,with a green label showing a white E (indicatingthat the occupants are in conformity with the rulesof the border police and the fiscal and currencyrules) with the possibility of more thorough investi-gation at random ('spot checks ) or in specialsituations;

(ii) examination of the possibility and need forgradually combining control posts at land frontiersand controls at them where this has not yet beendone;

(ill) at seaports and airports, the Member Statesshould introduce, as soon as and wherever feasible,practical arrangements in control zones enabling adivision of police and customs activities for, on theone hand, citizens of Member States of the Com-munity and, on the other hand, citizens of thirdcountries, with a view to facilitating as much aspossible the passage of citizens of Member Statesby simplified controls. and possibly abolishingsystematic controls on the departUre of Communitycitizens;

(iv) the uniform European passport, the introduc-tion of which has long been accepted by the

European Council, should be a very importantmeans of facilitating remaining frontier controls.

Longer-term measures

President Delors has proposed a 'Europe sansfrontieres ' by 1992. In order to achieve this objec-tive the European Council should approve a precisetimetable2 for the completion of the single market

and decide to put in hand now work on problemsrelated to the effective cooperation between autho-rities responsible for the fight against crime, as wellas to the definition and gradual application of acommon policy concerning the entry, movementand expulsion3 of foreigners, visa policy and the

transfer of control of persons to the external fron-tiers of the Community, and agreements with thirdcountries on expanded cooperation in frontierpassage.

Tourism

The European Council should invite the Commu-nity institutions and the competent authorities togive special attention to issues relating to tourism,which is of particular importance to the people ofthe people of the Community, such as:

(i) extending the efforts towards a more rationalstaggering of holiday periods across the national

borders on the basis of a regional analysis ofholiday traffic;

(ii) improved information and protection for tou-rists, including appropriate procedures for assis-tance and complaints;

(ill) road safety (1986 has been proclaimed 'RoadSafety Year

(iv) encouragement of radio and TV broadcasts ofnews, weather and tourist information in languagesof other Community States.

Where appropriate, these aspects should be dealtwith in cooperation with the Council of Europe, its

1 Such a system of general application should not be appliedwhere it would set back progress already obtained as statedabove (para. 6).

TIlis matter is also dealt with in the report of the DoogeCommittee.3 Mr Kranidiotis argued that such a policy should be fonnu-latOO within the framework of and according to Article 235 ofthe EEC Treaty. At any event this policy should take intoconsideration the special circumstances prevailing in each

Member State.

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member countries and. possibly, other third coun-tries.

2. Freedom of movement of goodsincluding transport services

8. This part of the Committee s work covers agood number of specific rules and practices whichhave already been the subject of repeated andlengthy discussions but limited action within the

Community. These matters may not seem veryimportant in themselves but the combined effect onthe citizen both as a traveller for business andtraveller for pleasure can be disproportionate totheir material importance. Changes for the bettershould receive a favourable welcome.

9. On these questions, as on others, the Commit-tee considers that the right way forward is by acombination of longer-term objectives and somespecific improvements here and now. Achieving aEuropean Community in which goods and moneycan be freely moved by the citizen, whether as atrader, professional man, worker or tourist, is a bigchallenge but should be achievable within a definitetime scale.

10. First, we need to widen the understanding ofthe advantages not just of a common marketwithout tariff barriers but of a smooth-runningsingle market in which the full benefits of lowercosts of transport and travel (and associated servi-

ces such as insurance) can be realized for thebenefit of the Community citizen as consumer. Thepriority lies in those areas where goods or serviceshave an obvious extra-national dimension (e.g. air,road and rail transport and telecommunications).The Committee also draws the attention of theEuropean Council to the importance of removingas soon as possible restrictions on transport servi-ces in accordance with Article 75 of the Treaty ofRome, whereby the Council is obliged to imple-ment a free transport market within the Commu-nity. Cheaper and improved transport serviceswould both assist economic development andwould help to bring the citizens of the Communitycloser together.

11. Secondly, the individual citizen s situation

should be eased by making some immediate andspecific improvements.

12. A common feature is that an individual,having already paid tax on goods purchased in a

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Member State, has difficulty or incurs extra chargeson travelling with his goods to another MemberState. Hence, an increase in allowances in realterms would be a long-term objective related toprogress on fiscal harmonization. The Committeeis not proposing changes in duty-free shops orother duty-free arrangements, which are generallypopular with travellers. It considers, however, thatthe treatment and the administrative hassle relatingto the movement of tax -paid goods within theCommunity could be significantly eased, withoutgiving rise to artificial trade flows. To avoid suchartificial flows, existing arrangements to distinguishbetween ordinary travelling and border trade arisingfrom substantial differences in the level of taxation,especially excise duty rates, between Member Stateswill have to be maintained for a certain period.

13. In the light of these general considerationsthe specific recommendations of the Committee onmovement of travellers' goods and related issuesare:

Allowances and postal consignments

13. 1. The adult traveller s personal allowance fortax-paid items should be increased by 25% to 350ECU from 1 July 1985 , with an increase to 90 ECUfor the child's allowance. These new allowanceswould indeed be similar to the original real value ofthe allowances as established in the late 1960s. Thisdecision would make it possible to relieve theCouncil of repeated discussions of these matters onits current agenda; but provision should be made toreview these figures at regular intervals, e.g. everytwo years, preferably by simplified procedure inorder to avoid at least a fall in their real value overtime. Genuine difficulties arising for particularMember States from their special situations shouldbe met by a derogation I fora certain time, taking

account of differences in rates of taxation andexcise duty.

13.2. The tax-paid allowance for still wine shouldbe increased by 25% to 5 litres (which would covera standard case of 6 bottles).

13.3. The limit for tax exemption on small postalconsignments should be increased to 100 ECUfrom 1 July 1985. A provision should be made toreview this figure at regular intervals, e.g. every two

1 Greece currently has a transitional derogation.

years, preferably by simplified procedure in order atleast to maintain its value in real terms. The appro-priate authorities in Member States should be invi-ted to remove customs clearance fees levied on thedespatch or reception of small parcels.

13.4. Administrative hassle, delays and taxes le-vied on newspapers and books sent to individualsare a strong irritant for citizens, particularly inborder areas, and should receive due attention fromthe Council.

Road transport

In order to alleviate present border controls:

13.5. Passenger transport travelling across fron-tiers within the Community should be taxed for thewhole of its journey by reference to its point ofdeparture and the tax rate applicable in that

Member State. 1 This solution should be adopted assoon as possible.

13.6. There should be no additional charge onthe fuel in the standard tanks (up to 600 litres) ofpassenger buses crossing intra-Community fron-tiers from 1 July 1985. Similar problems wouldneed to be resolved in the future for lorries.

Avoiding double taxation

13.7. Practical effect should now be given to theavoidance of double taxation on personal goods inline with the jurisprudence of the Court of Justiceof the European Communities.

13.8. The Commission should be invited to sub-mit proposals on the simplification of the adminis-trative arrangements for movements of goods onchanges of residence between Member States, andon the temporary import of private motor vehicles.

Currency controls

13.9. The formalities of currency controls at thefrontiers of those Member States which operatethem should be simplified to the maximum.

14. The adoption of the specific measures aboveshould be seen against the longer-term objectives,namely:

(i) greater recognition of the potential benefits for

Community citizens of a real and efficiently oper-

ating single market for passenger transport andtravel;

(ii) the achievement of freer movement for a citi-zen s goods and money within the Community inthe perspective of the realization of economic andmonetary union;

(ill) priority for achieving sufficient harmonizationof national arrangements to reduce or removeproblems .at intra-Community frontiers for trans-port services and communications.

3. Administrative formalitiesfor border area traffic

15. By nature of the Community's geographicalstrUcture, border areas occupy a large part of itssurface area. The problems set out under A.l. andA.2 acquire additional importance when viewed inthe context of border area traffic. What for othercitizens is an occasional or intermittent nuisancehas the nature of a serious daily problem for theinhabitants of border areas. The European Councilshould instruct the relevant authorities to havespecial consideration, when reviewing the imple-mentation of the recommendations under A.l andA.2 above, for the special and urgent aspect of thesequestions in border areas. Problems deserving to bementioned specifically are:

(i) the number of frontier posts at the disposal ofborder area residents and their hours of opening,

and

(ii) facilities for across-the-border help in case ofemergencies and accidents.

Community citizen s rights

B.1. Wider opportunitiesfor employment and residence

Freedom of movement in working life

16. The main problems in the field of freedom ofmovement for workers have been dealt with by legalinstruments of the European institutions. Thequestions of the social security of migrant workers

Special provisions will be needed for countries not yet havingintroduced VAT.

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and of the inclusion of their families also appear tohave in the main been resolved satisfactorily.

17. Certain difficulties still do exist as regards thetax treatment of such employees who reside in oneMember State and receive an income as employedworkers in another Member State (most of thesecases concern workers in border areas). By taxationof these incomes in the State of activity, as isinternational practice, employees may suffer disad.vantages stemming from the fact that most Stateshave different systems for taxing residents andnon-residents. These problems have been eased bya number of bilateral agreements and treaties toavoid double taxation. Still there are many cases inwhich the employees in question complain ofdisadvantages in taxation.

18. On a loager time scale, a comprehensiveCommunity solution (the Commission has putforward a proposal which was blocked for a longtime but on which discussions have recently beenresumed) should be found for the taxation prob-lems set forth above. The Community institutionsare requested to intensifY their efforts to this end..In the mean time, the European Council should setas the immediate aim the removal of taxationproblems which could impede freedom of move-

ment, by way of national legislation or by bilateralagreements between Member States. The Commis-sion should undertake to inform Member States oncases which have been brought to its attention andto advise on appropriate solutions.

Right of establishment

19. In some branches of the liberal professionsthe mutual recognition of diplomas or other exami-nations and! or formal requirements for the purposeof establishment and for the freedom to provideservices has been reached (e.g. doctors, dentists,veterinary surgeons). In other branches the mutualrecognition still encounters considerable difficul-ties. This depends, on the one hand, on the varietyof higher education diplomas (e.g. architects, engi-neers), and on the other hand also on the varietyof branches of training which have arisen in theindividual Member States (e.g. lawyers, charteredaccountants, tax consultants). For many years therehave been inconclusive discussions on proposals forthese branches, which would lead to an equivalenceof diplomas in all Member States by way of harmo-nization of training courses, diplomas and rules foraccess to professional life.

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20. The Committee considers that although acertain degree of adaptation may be desirable inspecific cases, a full-scale harmonization is not apractical way of implementing the objectives of theTreaty of Rome in the field of the right of esta-blishment. The European Council should decidethat the general approaches! should be based on amutual recognition of diplomas or other examina-tions without prior harmonization. This seems theonly possible way of achieving a general system forensuring the equivalence of diplomas in line withthe conclusions of the Fontainebleau European

Council. It would facilitate the conclusion of theseries of proposals already before the Council foran excessive period of time. Taking into account thefact that specific levels of training in the Commu-nity countries are of high standard, this newap-proach would introduce the principle of mutualtrust and build on the assumption that certificatesawarded in the Member States are basically compa-rable. The Community institutions should fix theobjective and introduce successively a scheme lead-ing to a recognition procedure for the various areas.This concept should cover the professional activi-ties of self-employed persons as well as of em-ployees, because numerous occupations for whicha university degree and! or another examination isindispensible may be practised either way.

If particular difficulties were to arise in certain areasowing to major structural differences between trai-ning courses, something more may be needed andit should normally suffice for the individual citizenwishing to benefit from freedom of movement forthe purpose of establishment to provide evidence cfup to 2-3 years ' professional experience.

Professional qualifications

21. Problems arise as regards valid employmentin other Community countries for those employeeswhose professional qualifications are recognized intheir country of origin but not in the host country.The European Council should invite the Commu-nity institutions:

(i) to intensifY their efforts towards greater trans-parency of evidence of professional qualifications,building on the Commission proposal on the equi-

I Mr Kranidiotis argued that this approach does not precludethe possibility of applying the relevant provisions of the EECTreaty wherever this is advisable.

valence of professional qualifications already underexamination,

(ii) to consider the introduction of a Europeanvocational training pass for craftsmen and workerswith special qualifications. This would enable theindividual employee to prove his professional quali-fications in all Community countries.

Right of residence

22. The Committee is convinced that the right ofa citizen of a Member State of the Community toreside in any other Member State of his free choiceis an essential element of the right to freedom ofmovement. Discussions within the European insti-tutions since 1979 did not lead to final agreement,because in particular debate on evidence ofsuffi-dent resources to live on as a condition for unhin-dered residence failed to produce .a solution. Suchevidence seems indispensable to avoid migrationmotivated only by economic considerations, be-cause in particular the European social securitysystems have not been harmonized. Citizens want~

ing to reside in a country other than their ownshould not become an unreasonable burden on thepublic purse in the host country. Where it is evidentthat such a citizen would incur a certain level ofexpenditure, it seems reasonable for the hostcountry to take into account whether he is able tomeet such expenditure.

The European Council should pave the way for aswift conclusion of the current discussions by takinga political decision of principle on a general rightof residence for all citizens of the Community. Thisright would of course be subject to requirements ofpublic order and security, in conformity with theprinciples of Article 56(1) ofthe Treaty of Rome.A practical solution to the abovementioned prob~lems should be found by linking admission toexercise the right of residence with the precondi-tion that evidence of adequate resources at the levelof social assistance in the host country and ofadequate provisions in case of illness is provided.

Conclusion

23. The Committee on a People s Europe invitesthe European Council to ensure that the Commu~nityinstitutions and the Member States adopt themeasures necessary to implement the recommenda-tions contained in this report. The Committeenotes that implementation of many of the proposedprovisions depends on decisions to be taken by theCouncil of Ministers; it is for this reason that theEuropean Council is asked to request the Councilto report back for its meeting in Milan on theprogress made.

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European Council

Conclusions

Brussels, 29 and 30 March 1985

A People Europe

The European Council examined the report fromthe Committee on a People s Europe; it consideredits contents and agreed to both the proposals forimmediate implementation and those relating tolong-term objectives.

It therefore requests the Council of Ministers totake those decisions which are within its sphere ofcompetence as quickly as possible. It also requests

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the Commission to take the necessary steps forputting the report s proposals into practice. Lastly,it invites the Member . States to implement thosedecisions which are within their field of compe-tence.

In this context, the European Council emphasizesthat the achievement of the objective of abolishingfrontier formalities must remain compatible withthe need to combat terrorism and drug-trafficking.

The European Council requests the Council ofMinisters to report to it at its meeting in June 1985on the progress which has been made in the varioussectors covered by the Committee s report.

The European Council requests the Committee tocontinue with its discussions and expects to have afurther report, containing proposals on the othersectors already indicated, by the June 1985meeting.

The President

of the Council of Ministers

to Mr Pietro Adonnino,Chairman of the Committeeon a People s Europe,Via del/a Conciliazione 1 5

Rome

Dear Mr Adonnino,

Back in Rome from the European Council inBrussels, which approved the interim report of theCommittee on a People s Europe of which you arechairman, I should like to express, on my ownbehalf and on behalf of my colleagues in theEuropean Council, my appreciation of the workthat has been done.

As you know, the Council approved the practicalproposals put forward in the interim report and theguidelines for the Committee s future work inpreparation for the European Council in Milan.

In the course of the Brussels proceedings I notedwide agreement on the hard work put in by theCommittee and on the constructive approach fol-lowed in dealing with the problems coming withinits terms of reference. The unanimous feeling wasthat the Committee had worked well and that theresults obtained were of great importance.

Wishing you continued success in carrying out theCommittee s brief and looking forward to learningin due course of the new proposals put forward, Iremain yours sincerely,

Bettino Craxi

Rome, 5 April 1985.

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European Communities

Committee on a People s EuropeThe ChairmanPietro Adonnino

to Mr Bettino CraxiPresident of the European CouncilPrime Minister of the Italian Republic

Sir,

Pursuant to the invitation by the European Councilmeeting in Brussels in March of this year, in thespirit of the report submitted to the EuropeanCouncil meeting in Dublin in December 1984, andfurther to the interim report which contained pro-posals concentrating on the first part of the overallprogramme of work, the Committee would submitto the meeting of Heads of State or Government inJune 1985 its fmal report containing proposalsconcerning the second part of its overall pro-

gramme of work as previously defined.

The topics dealt with are those referred to in theintroductory part of the report and are an idealsupplement to the proposals submitted to the

European Council meeting in Brussels.

The Committee returned to the topics connectedwith the need to simplifY Community legislationand to reduce its repercussions for the individual

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citizen, and believes it must again draw the atten-tion of the European Council to the importance offreeing the Community from an endless round ofmeetings at various levels, including .Ministerialmeetings, on problems that are essentially technicalor administrative. Accordingly, the Committeewould make a further appeal to the EuropeanCouncil to break this vicious circle and adopt thenecessary decisions.

Among the topics indicated to the Committee bythe European Council at its meeting in Fontaine-bleau was that of minting the ECU. The Committeeconsidered. that, in view of current developments inthe EMS, minting could only be of value to col-lectors. It therefore preferred not to make anyproposals.

The Committee therefore hands over the result ofits proceedings to the European Council, thanksthe Heads of State or Government for the trustplaced in its Members both individually and col-lectively and hopes to have their agreement to theproposals which are all aimed at giving prominencein the process of European integration, to thepeople of Europe, who are now its new reality.

Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highestconsideration.

Pietro Adonnino

Brussels, 20 June 1985.

Report to the European Council

Milan, 28 and 29 June 1985

Introduction

1.1. The Committee on a People s Europe ishereby submitting its second and final report to theEuropean Council, in accordance with the workprogramme proposed to and approved by theEuropean Council in Dublin in December 1984. Inso doing the Committee has fulfilled the mandategiven to it by the Fontainebleau European Council.From the outset the Committee decided to draw upits final report for June 1985 , since it was convin-ced that the best way of responding to the expec-tations of the people of Europe - on which theEuropean Council in Fontainebleau had focused itsattention - was to demonstrate also an ability totake decisions within a short time. The EuropeanCouncil, when approving at its March session inBrussels the first report of the Committee dealingwith such matters as facilitating border crossings,right of residence and the recognition of diplomasfor the exercise of the right of establishment, lent

strong support to this conviction. The Committeetherefore requests that the remaining obstacles tothe full implementation of each of its recommen-dations should all be eliminated in due time, as

should normally be expected for political decisionstaken at the highest level.

This time again, the Committee thinks that the jointefforts of its members have resulted in a set ofproposals which do not require further protracteddiscussion and are likely to meet with the broadapproval of the European Council. The Committeetherefore asks the European Council to adopt theconclusions contained in this final report and

invite the Community institutions, the MemberStates and other relevant authorities to implementthese recommendations in the most timely andeffective manner.

1.2. As the Committee stated from the outset,policies of interest to the European citizen do ofcourse extend to the full range of Communityactivities and cover fundamental social and econo-mic problems such as employment, technologicalprogress, growth and the environment; wide fieldswhich a report like the present one could notpossibly claim to cover, let alone solve. However,

the proposals, limited as they are by the nature ofthe report, deal with important aspects of specialrights of citizens, of education, culture and com-munication, exchanges, and the image and identityof the Community; they are meaningful to the

citizen in various aspects of his daily life and are asubstantial contribution to the realization of an evercloser union among the peoples of Europe. TheCommittee has kept in mind that most of what hasbeen achieved until now in Europe has been thework of those who experienced the horrors anddestruction of war. Continuation of this venturerests on the assumption that future generations willalso understand and appreciate one another acrossborders and will realize the benefits to be derivedfrom closer cooperation and solidarity.

3. In view of the need for new action of directbenefit to the citizens of the Community, theCommittee has tried to make an overall politicalassessment to overcome the technical difficulties onthe various problems it has considered and to

reconcile the various needs and interests.

4. Several proposals of the Committee build onand aim at promoting work already in hand atCommunity level, where meetings of the Counciland meetings of the Ministers for Education, forCulture and for Health have come to enlarge thescope of common activities in an opportune man-ner.

5. In drawing up its report, the Committeeestablished close contact with the European Par-liament, whose work has been a valuabl~ source ofinspiration to it. The Committee also benefitedfrom the full support of the Commission. Veryuseful contributions were provided by the Econo-mic and Social Committee and many other bodieswhich are developing a considerable amount ofactivity in this sector.

The European Foundation which has been giventhe task of encouraging activities in the field culture, communication, information, educationand exchanges, will certainly be able to make meaningful contribution on several items in thereport. The Committee renews its call for theearliest possible ratification of the agreement on theEuropean Foundation.

Care was taken to keep the representatives of Spainand Portugal, whose accession to the Communityhas been agreed upon in the meantime, informed ofproceedings.

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Whilst suggesting concrete measures that willstrengthen and expand practical cooperation in theCommunity and between the Member States, theCommittee has, at the same time aimed at exten-ding cooperation between the European Commu-nity countries and other European countries be-cause of the conviction that in some fields broadercooperation is, in fact, necessary in order to achievethe declared goals. In this context, the Committeehas had useful exchanges with the Council ofEurope.

6. The Committee, in its work, has alwaystaken into account the respective fields of compe-tence of Community institutions and its proposalsdo not of course affect the right of initiative of theCommission in conformity with the Treaties.

7. Throughout its work and in its two reports tothe European Council the Committee has taken theview that its best contribution to the PeopleEurope should be by a combination of specificproposals to be implemented without further delay,and longer term objectives which would make theCommunity more of a reality for its citizens.

In this context the Committee wants to stress thatthe task of simplifYing administration and restrai-ning over-regulation is a continuous one. But,beyond this objective, the European Communitywill respond to the views of its citizens only if itfully reflects their wish to work together moreclosely and provides a channel for their ideals. Thatis why we now put forward proposals on:

(i) the special rights of citizens;

(ii) culture and communication;

(ill) information;(iv) youth, education, exchanges and sport;(v) volunteer work in Third World development;(vi) health, social security and drugs;(vii) twinning;

(viii) strengthening of the Community' s image andidentity.

The special rights of citizens

On 14 December 1973 at the Copenhagen Summitthe Heads of State or Government adopted a reporton European Identity. That report set forth someguidelines and objectives which might be taken aspointers for the development of special rights forcitizens in that it gave expression to a determina-

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tion to defend the principles of representativedemocracy, the rule of law, social justice and res-pect for human rights.

On the basis of the report and subsequent develop-ments in the Community and among the MemberStates concerning special rights of citizens, in

particular the European Council in Paris in De-cember 1974, the Committee submits proposals tothe European Council in the following areas:

1. The citizen as a participant in the politicalprocess in the Community

It is desirable to increase the citizen s involvementin and understanding of the political process in theCommunity institutions. Accordingly, the Commit-tee suggests that the European Council advocatethe following as some of the ways in which thismight be achieved:

(i) putting all Community citizens in the sameposition as regards elections for the EuropeanParliament by way of the introduction of a uniformelectoral procedure as required by the Treaty. TheCommittee considers that the provisions of theTreaty and the subsequent Act concerning a uni-

form electoml procedure should be implemented assoon as possible before the next election in 1989.Failing that, the electoml procedure which will inthe meantime remain a matter for individual Mem-ber States should ensure either that a citizen shouldbe entitled to vote for candidates from his owncountry regardless of whether on election day he istemporarily staYing or is resident for a period of

time in another Member State, or that a citizenresiding in .another Member State should be al-lowed to vote for candidates from that MemberState. Dual entitlement to vote is ruled out by theAct on direct elections;

(ii)ensuringgreater tmnsparency in administra-tion in the Community by the following means:

(a) the European Council should support theEuropean Parliament's efforts to strengthen, in theframework of an interinstitutional agreement, andfacilitate, in an appropriate manner, the citizenright of petition;

(b) it would be for the European Parliament, as acomplement to its current efforts, to investigatewhether there would be a role for an ombudsmanattached to and nominated by it. Such a systemcould cover the administration and implementation

of Community law. If the European Parliamentwere to follow this path, the Committee s feeling

would be that an ombudsman l task could be to

investigate complaints, advise citizens on the pro-cedure for complaints and issue regular reports tothe European Parliament on his investigations,conclusions and recommendations/

( c) Both systems would have to be implementedwithout altering the existing institutional balance.

2. The .citizen as a participant in the politicalprocess in the Member States

The Committee recommends that the EuropeanCouncil invite the Community institutions and theMember States:

(i) to pursue in more depth the discussions begunpreviously on voting rights and eventually eligibilityin local elections

3 for citizens from other Member

States under the same conditions as for citizens ofthe host country, subject to a certain period of priorresidence in the host country. This question fallswithin national jurisdiction. Special arrangementsshould be possible where particular circumstancesin a Member State militate in favour of these;

(ii) to ensure, inasmuch as these are not alreadyfully in force at all levels, that .all Communitycitizens enjoy the same rights as nationals to free-dom of speech and of assembly;

(ill) to hear the views of resident citizens fromother Member States where decisions of specialimportance to them are to be taken. This should bedone by giving them access to information and thepossibility of making their views known prior to anydecision on such matters as foreign-languageteaching, housing conditions and news broadcastsin other languages.

Consultation of citizens on transfrontierissues within the Community

The Committee recommends that the EuropeanCouncil advocate that the population of frontierareas be informed and have the opportunity ofexpressing their views on both sides of the borderprior to the adoption of measures with transfrontiersignificance such as major public works, environ-mental issues, transport, and matters having signifi-cance for the health and safety of citizens. Suchinvolvement could be achieved by formalizing the

right to obtain information and express views priorto a decision.

2.4. The citizen in relation to Community legalinstruments

The Committee asks the European Council torecommend that steps be taken to accelerate thesystematic codification and simplification of Com-munity law, priority being given to those areas ofgreatest importance to the citizen in his daily life.

It is often difficult for him to determine what is theprevailing law in a particular areas of Communitylegislation and he may have to look at a number ofearlier legal acts, amendments, repeals, etc. Con-solidation of Community law, the initiative forwhich lies with the Commission, would strengthenthe legal security of citizens.

The Committee recommends that the EuropeanCouncil express its support for the principle of thegradual abandonment both of Community andnational legal acts in areas where they are no longernecessary. Steps should therefore be taken to repealor simplify certain acts, to appraise strictly whethernew laws are necessary at all, and to ensure thatnew measures are formulated simply. In additionCommunity law should more frequently be used insuch a way that it leads to a simplification byreduction of divergent national laws.

In some cases national authorities implementCommunity legislation in such a way as to leavecitizens in an uncertain legal position. MemberStates must ensure that their application is in

1 Mr Ripa di Meana drew the Committee s attention to the factthat, at its sitting on 10 June, the European Parliament hadalready adopted a position.2 Mr Kranidiotis stated that the institution of Ombudsman could

not be transferred to the Community system without legal andinstitutional consequences which would upset the existing ba-lance established by the treaties setting up the Communities.Furthermore, the European Parliament recently respondednegatively to the idea of establishing an Ombudsman system.3 Mr Kranidiotis stated that this arrangement could not be valid

in Greece because the Constitution at present in force laid downthat only Greek citizens had the right to vote and to stand forelection.Mr Ripa de Meana pointed out that, as far as the Commissionwas concerned, the participation of European citizens in localelections, wherever in the Community they lived, was an es-sential feature of a People s Europe. He considered that an efforthad to be made to grant these voting rights speedily.

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compliance with Community law principles inorder to provide citizens with the proper protec-

tion. It is crucial for the Community's image thatits law be implemented in the Member Stateswithout discrimination and without unnecessaryformalities and delays, which hamper achievementof the aims of the Treaty and considerably irritatethe citizen. The Committee proposes that theEuropean Council call upon the Member Statesto implement Community law fully, simply, andswiftly.

5. The implementation of Council Directive80/1263/EEC of 4 December 1980 on the intro-duction of driving licenses of a model Communityformat will simplifY administrative formalities forcitizens .changing residence. The Committee there-fore suggests that the European Council call uponthe Member States to do their utmost to ensure thatthe Community model driving licence provided forin the Directive is in fact available for use not laterthan 1 January 1986 as foreseen therein. As a nextstep, when use of the Community model drivinglicence is more widespread, abolition ofthe need exchange the driving licence within the Communityin the event of a change of residence will enhancethe usefulness of the model licence for the Euro-pean citizen. The introduction of a truly Commu-nity driving licence should be kept in view.

6. The citizen as traveller outside the Com-munity

A Community citizen in need of assistance duringa temporary stay in a third country where his owncountry is not represented by an embassy or aconsulate should be able to obtain assistance fromthe local consular representation of another Mem-ber State. The Committee recommends that theEuropean Council invite Member States to intensifywork for such consular cooperation in third coun-tries and to formulate more precise guidelines.

Culture and communication

1. It is also through action in the areas ofculture and communication, which are essential toEuropean identity and the Community s image inthe minds of its people, that support for the advan-cement of Europe can and must be sought. TheEuropean cultural heritage is not however confinedto the territories of the Member States of the

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Community, nor, for that matter, to the frontiers ofthe States of the Council of Europe. We musttherefore avoid any exclusivity in this area and seekcooperation with other European countries.

2. The Committee is pleased to note that themeetings of the Council and the Ministers forCulture of the Community are continuing on aregular basis and that progress has been made inthis area, including the decision on an annualEuropean city of culture, beginning with Athens for1985.

3. The Committee has chosen from amongstthe various aspects of culture, four areas of actionwhich deserve the special attention of the EuropeanCouncil.

3.4. Television ('the audiovisual area

Developments in technology will lead to an in-crease in the number of channels and hours ofbroadcasting and create a substantial additional

need for audiovisual productions. This will presentboth a challenge - the need for increased produc-

tion- .and an opportunity so that the most can bemade of the cultural wealth of Europe.

5. The Committee proposes that the EuropeanCouncil should invite the Council and the Minis-ters for Culture to bring the current discussions toa successful conclusion before the .end of the yearon the best means to encourage at Community levelEuropean audiovisual co-productions in order topromote a truly European and competitive industry.This concerns the financing of co-productionswhen made by European cinema or televisionproducers from at least two Member States.

6. The introduction of a system of advances onreceipts for Member States ' co- productions wouldbe one way of achieving this goal. Schemes whichcould be started by programming organizations .certain Member States for the allotment of a certainproportion of their general programming funds forEuropean TV co-productions would be of signifi-cant assistance in this direction too.

7. In celebration of a hundred years of f1lm-making, the Committee proposes that 1988 shouldbe declared 'European Film and Television Year

8. In order to bring the peoples of Europecloser together, the Committee proposes that the

European Council recommend to each MemberState of the Community and to the Communityinstitutions that they consider which legal andtechnical steps, taking into account the differingsituations that existin this field, should be taken sothat every citizen may have access to the greatestnumber of programmes broadcast by the variouschannels of the Community countries, in confor-mity with the Treaty.

9. The Committee has noted with great interestthe current initiatives and experiments in jointtelevision programmes.

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil ask the Ministers for Culture to consider, at theCommunity level and together with broadcastingauthorities and with the European BroadcastingUnion, the possibility of building on such experi-ments or other initiatives, bearing in mind thepotential importance for the knowledge of Euro-pean cooperation and development of a trulyEuropean television channel, emphasis being laidon the need for broadcasting to be multilingual.

10. Academy of Science, Technology and Art

Europe needs an institution with international in-fluence to highlight the achievements of Europeanscience and the originality of European civilizationin all its wealth and diversity.

To this end, the Committee proposes to the Euro-pean Council that there should be a EuropeanAcademy of Science, Technology and Art, havingregard to the following considerations:

(i) the Academy should be an independent body;its role should be to award prizes in the main areasof science, technology and art and to give opinionsin these fields for the different Community institu-tions;

(ii) the Academy would be composed of personali-ties eminent in the various disciplines and indepen-dent from political authority. The fIrst Collegewould be composed of two members designated byeach Head of State or Government. These memberswould themselves select their peers to make up theAcademy which would comprise about forty mem-bers. The Member States, assisted by the Commis-sion and in close cooperation with the group of thefIrst members nominated by the Heads of State orGovernment, would draw up the framework for theorganization of the Academy.

11. Euro-Iottery

To make Europe come alive for the Europeans, anevent with popular appeal could help promote theEuropean idea.

The European Council could therefore request theCommission to examine whether there would, forinstance, be scope for organizing a Euro-lottery andhow it could be set up, taking into account thedifferent laws and practices of the Member States.The lottery would serve to finance projects in thefield of culture. The draw and the announcement ofresults would be public and would be televisedthroughout the Community. The result might beexpressed eventually in ECD.

12. Access to museums and cultural events

In addition, the European Council should askMember States to ensure that all special conditionsand reductions for admission to museums, similarinstitutions and cultural events generally availableto the young are extended to young people from allMember States.

Information

1. The Committee believes that the people ofEurope do not receive satisfactory informationabout the construction of Europe. This is a problemfor all the Community institutions and for theMember States.

Information about the Community should aim toexplain the fundamental themes which underly thecrucial importance of the Community for theMember States - the historical events which led tothe construction of the Community and whichinspire its further development in freedom, peaceand security and its achieveIIlents and potential inthe economic and social field. Member States .can

show how national action is reinforced by Commu-nity action. It is also necessary to point out topeople what the costs would be if the Communitydid not exist.

1 Mr Williamson stated that this proposal would not be in line

with the United Kingdom practice of not operating State lott-eries.

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2. At the same time need is felt for greaterfactUal information about the specific policies andactions of the Community and to disseminate in-formation on their significance for the citizen in hisdaily life. Examples are the impact of programmesunder the Regional and Social Funds, the EuropeanInvestment Bank and programmes in the field modern technology.

3. The Committee proposes that the EuropeanCouncil invite the Community institutions and theMember States to cooperate more closely and toimprove the effectiveness of services, particularly .regional and 10ca11evel, to provide the citizen withinformation about the Community.

5. Youth, education , exchanges andsport

1. It is essential to involve and interest youngpeople in the further development of Europe. Thefollowing suggestions constitute an extension what has already been achieved in the Community.These achievements are the work of organizationswhich have proved their worth and whose servicesshould therefore continue to be used.

Without wishing to draw up an exhaustive listmention must nevertheless be made, in addition tothe Community institutions, of: the EuropeanFoundation, which should soon start its activities,the University Institute in Florence, the College ofEurope in Bruges, the Cultural Foundation in

Amsterdam, the European Institute of Public Ad-ministration in Maastricht, the European Vocatio-nal Training Centre in Berlin, the EuropeanSchools, and the Youth Forum of the EuropeanCommunities.

The Committee therefore adopted the followingproposals which are aimed at all young people,without singling out particular categories, whilerespecting equal rights, especially those of men andwomen.

2. Language teaching

The languages spoken in the Community form anessential part of its cultural heritage and contributeto its richness and diversity. In order that peoplemay get on together across frontiers, they must first

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of all understand one another. A practical know-ledge of the languages, cultures and living condi-

tions of the other Member States consequentlytakes on special importance and should be en-couraged from an early age.

The Committee proposes to the European Councilthe priority implementation of the guidelines adop-ted on 4 June 1984 at the meeting of the Counciland Ministers for Education concerning in particu-lar:

(1) the acquisition by a maximum number of youngpeople, before the end of compulsory education, ofa practical knowledge of two languages in additionto their mother tongue, including at least oneCommunity language;

(ii) the possibility for future foreign-languageteachers to spend a significant part of their trainingin a country whose language they are preparing toteach, in particular by recognizing courses of studycompleted by teachers abroad. With the same aimof improving the quality of teaching, modern tech-nology methods should be exploited to the full.Those already teaching should be encouraged totake refresher courses in the countries whose lan-guages they teach;

(ill) the possibility for the highest possible numberof pupils to have the benefit during their compul-sory education of.an educational visit to anotherMember State, preferably one where a differentlanguage is spoken.

3. Exchanges between schools

Exchanges between schools can be seen as com-plementary to the above suggestion. A valuable

contribution could be made by twinning schools,possibly in connection with the twinning of towns.The aim is also to promote cultural and humanlinks across frontiers. These exchanges must beviewed as part of the exchanges of young people ingeneral. I

The Committee proposes to the European Councilthe priority implementation of the conclusions ofthe meeting of the Council and Ministers forEducation on 3 June 1985:

1 See paragraphs 5.8. and 8.

(i) to foster school exchanges and meetings be-tween schools and to remove the obstacles in theirway;

(ii) in the Member States where this is not yet thecase, to establish a centre or department to be giventhe task of helping schools and teachers to makethe necessary contacts and of advising them on theeducational and organizational aspects of schoolexchanges. The Committee considers that to helpthe realization of these actions, ways must be foundto deal for example with the problem of the cost ofsuch exchanges through the medium of specialrates, direct or indirect financial assistance andarrangements for providing accommodation withfamilies.

5.4. Voluntary work camps for young people

Voluntary work camps where young people ofdifferent nationalities and cultures come together,for instance during their holidays, for a sharedexperience warrant particular .attention. Such workcamps, both inside and outside the Community,involve work often for social purposes, for thepreservation of the heritage, or the restoration of

historic buildings.

A Community programme for such camps shouldaim at promoting more effective information, re-moving legal and administrative barriers to partici-pation, training leaders and involving new groupsof young people.

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil invite the Commission to submit a proposal fora Community pilot programme for voluntary workcamps for young people in cooperation with theorganizations concerned.

5. The European image in education

The past achievements and the future potential ofEurope are an integral part of education in theMember States and in many other countries. TheCommittee suggests to the European Council thatit should, pursuant to the conclusions of the

meeting of the Council and the Ministers forEducation on 3 June 1985, give new impetus to aEuropean dimension in education.

The Committee proposes to the European Council:

(i) the creation by each Member State, whereverthis has not yet been done, of centres whose task,as for the centres designated for higher education,it would be to facilitate the work of schools andteachers and inform and help them from an edu-cational viewpoint;

(ii) the preparation and availability of appropriateschool hooks and teaching materials;

(ill) confirming 9 May of each year as Europe Daywith a view to creating awareness and giving infor-mation in schools in particular as well as on tele-vision and in the other media. The date of 9 May,which is of great significance to the Community,will fit in with similar initiatives taken by theCouncil of Europe;

(iv) the setting-up of a Centre displaying Europeanachievements, and the common heritage, backed upbya collection of documents and works relatingthereto.

6. University cooperation

University cooperation and mobility in higher edu-cation are obviously of paramount importance.There already exists, between the Member States,an embryonic form of cooperation which should bedeveloped and built upon, including the Commu-nity Joint Study Programme Scheme.

Higher-education establishments and universitiesenjoy a high degree of autonomy. It is thereforenecessary to take as a starting point the fact that

decisive role in the matter must be left to theestablishments concerned.

The Committee has noted with interest recentinitiatives on cooperation, in particular those takenby the rector of the Academy of Paris, aiming at thepromotion of scientific and technological progressin Europe.

The importance for higher education of the Euro-pean University Institute in Florence should beunderlined, and the Committee asks the EuropeanCouncil to ensure that the conclusions of the

meeting of the Ministers for Education on 3 June1985 on the national recognition of the Florencedoctorate are implemented without delay.

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The Committee proposes to the European Councilthat:

(i) the discussions in the framework of themeetings of the Council and the Ministers forEducation on inter-university cooperation be pur-sued and a fmn appeal be made to universities andhigher-education establishments to establish cross-frontier cooperation aimed at enabling students,and in particular those who are concerned with aknowledge of languages and European studies, topursue part of their studies in an establishment ina Member State other than their own;

(ii) it request the relevant authorities to:

(a) implement, on the basis of the experience

acquired, a comprehensive Europeaninter-univer-sity programme of exchanges and studies aimed atgiving this opportunity to a significant section oftheCommunity' s student population; and

(b) examine the possibility of introducing a Euro-pean system of academic credits transferablethroughout the Community (European AcademicCredit Transfer System).. This system! would beimplemented by means of bilateral agreements oron a voluntary basis by universities and higher-education establishments which, by arrangementwith one another, would determine the proceduresfor academic recognition of such credits.

As a future step towards student mobility, theCommittee asks the European Council to

(i) invite the Commission to follow up with therepresentatives of European Universities its sugges-tion of the possible introduction of a EuropeanAward which would be based on achievement inhigher-education establishments in different Mem-ber States:

(ii) request the competent academic authorities inthe Member States to recognize, where this is notyet the case, in the same way as for their ownnationals, certificates and diplomas issued by esta.blishments under their control to nationals of otherMember States.

7.. Vocational training

The encouragement of suitable vocational trainingshould make it possible to assist with the transitionto working life and hence contribute to a reductionin unemployment. In June 1983 the Council under-took to achieve by the end of 1988 the objective of

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enabling all young people leaving school to have abasic training programme or an .initial period ofvocational experience lasting at least six months atthe final stage of compulsory education.

The Committee proposes to the European Councilthat:

the Member States do their utmost, within nationalpolicies, whenever possible in association withenterprises and social partners, to ensure that allyoung people wishing to do so receive one yearor if possible two years , vocational training in

addition to their compulsory education.

8. Exchanges of young people and profes-sional exchanges

Action at Community level to encourage exchangesof young people between different Member Stateshelps to promote the identity of Europe for youngEuropeans. Often such planned exchanges are animportant aid to personal development. The Coun-cil of Europe and the representative organizationsof the regional and local authorities in Europe playa prominent part in exchanges in the wider Euro-pean context. The Commission has already sugges-ted as broad policy outlines the encouragement ofinformation about exchanges and the removal ofbarriers, training of youth leaders, help for difficultexchanges (e.g. under-privileged young people),and assistance for exchanges in peripheral regionsof the Community. The Commission in its furtherproposals should be invited to give special attentionto Community actions to assist initiatives taken byyoung people, including job seekers, to organizeexchanges for themselves. The broad range ofEuropean youth organizations, through the YouthForum of the European Communities made propo-sals on youth exchanges in the Community; theCommittee took these proposals into account.

1. European Community Exchange Scheme -

Europe Exchange

Community exchanges include the Young WorkerExchanges Programme and a more recent experi-

1 Under this system, which has proved its worth in the United

States, each course foUowed in a higher-education establishmentas part of the normal curriculum entitles the student to a creditwhich can be taken into account in other establishments at asimilar level or re-assessed with other credits to entitle him toa diploma or certificate corresponding to the whole of thestudies thus undertaken.

mental programme with limited funding, an initia-tive of the European Parliament. It is time tocomplement the existing Community exchangeswith a new exchange scheme.

The new scheme would multiply exchanges ratherthan itself fund large numbers of exchanges directly,and progressively give a European direction andfocus to exchanges already taking place at nationallevel. It should have a clear Community identityand a distinctive title.

While mainly but not exclusively aimed at youngerpeople, it would promote exchanges and meetingswith a distinct European dimension (e.g. journalistswho deal with European affairs or junior or mid-dle-managers who need to learn about the internalmarket). Funding should be available from Com-munity and other sources including the EuropeanFoundation.

Accordingly the Committee proposes that ascheme for educational and professional exchangebe established to be known as the ' Europe Ex-change' scheme.

The Committee proposes to the European Councilthat it invite:

(i) the Commission, in cooperation with theEuropean Foundation, to make proposals for aEurope Exchange' scheme and its operation;

(ii) the Member States, with the help of theCommission, to ensure that an effective informa-tion network! exists in each Member State forinforming all young people about exchanges and forcoordinating exchanges nationally.

2. Actions for youth

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil request the Ministers to highlight InternationalYouth Year by arranging a general policy debate inthe last quarter of 1985 to give a concrete follow-upto all proposals made, or to be made, by the

Commission and the suggestions presently made bythis Committee.

9. Sport

Since ancient times sport has been an importantforum for communication among peoples. It is animportant part of the lives of a large number of

people within the Community. That is why it is allthe more regrettable that the enjoyment of interna-tional competitive sport has been drastically marredrecently by hooliganism. The Committee has there-fore considered both of these important aspectsbelow.

1. The administration of sport is predominant-1y the responsibility of sports associations indepen-dent of government. The Committee proposes thatthe sports associations be invited to encourageaction where it is consistent with their responsibi-lities, along these lines:

(i) for certain sectors of sport, organization of

European Community events such as cycle andrunning races through European countries;

(ii) creation of Community teams for some sportsto compete against joint teams from geographicalgroupings with which the Community has speciallinks;

(ill) inviting sporting teams to wear the Commu-nity emblem in addition to their national colours atmajor sporting events of regional or worldwideinterest;

(iv) exchanges of sportsmen, athletes and trainersbetween the different Community countries, to beencouraged by programmes at the level of the

Community and the Member States;

(v) support for sporting activities especially forparticular categories of persons, such as the handi-capped. Student sport activities should be organ-ized in conjunction with the twinning of schoolsand towns.

2. Combating violence in and around the stadium

Recent tragic events have demonstrated that a muchcloser cooperation between the authorities and thesports organizations is indispensable in order to

prevent and stamp out hooliganism and to allowsuch competitions to continue to take place underacceptable conditions.

The recent initiative of several Sports Ministers ofCommunity countries in the framework of theCouncil of Europe is a valuable starting point forsuch action. Accordingly, such strengthened and

1 For instance through national centres. The various centresreferred to in this chapter should be closely coordinated or,where possible. be identical.

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concerted action should cover preventive policiesand tight security measures including effective con-trols and rigorous sanctions for offenders. Theobjective responsibility of the clubs and their asso-ciations should be fmnly applied.

The European Council is invited to ask the Minis-ters responsible in the Member States to meet andto step up concerted action in the appropriate foraas a matter of urgency to this end.

6. Volunteer work in Third Worlddevelopment

1. Volunteer development work in the ThirdWorld must be based on the real needs of thosecountries. Mature and professionally qualified per-sonnel are required if effective development work isto be carried out. The average age for MemberStates ' volunteers is about thirty.

Volunteer development workers are represented atCommunity level through the Liaison Committeeof Development Non-Governmental Organizationsto the Community and its Subcommittee on Volun-teer Development Work. The Committee shares theEuropean Parliament's view on the necessity ofsecuring the full participation and cooperation ofthe non-governmental organizations. The sendingorganizations are also represented on the RegionalConference on International Voluntary Service withconsultative status with the Council of Europe.

2. Volunteer action to combat drought andfamine in the world

The European Council has on several occasionsunderlined the necessity for Community action torespond to the great human suffering in regions ofthe world aftlicted by drought and famine, espe-cially in the Sahel region of Africa. The Communityis making a major contribution to emergency aidwith the NGOs as the main channel. Much moreneeds to be done. Long-term projects to deal withthe root causes are essential.

6.3. Community trainee volunteer developmentworkers

The Committee considered the feasibility of invol-ving younger volunteers - of about 21 to 25 years

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of age - in Third World development. There isscope for an action at Community level with traineevolunteers selected on the basis of qualifications,

maturity and experience, provided that it is care-fully organized and monitored by the VolunteerDevelopment Organizations. Such an action wouldextend to several professions or skilled trades anopportunity for a first constructive and supervisedencounter with the Third World along the lines ofthe schemes of ' electives ' already undertaken bymedical students in several Member States. Theaction would begin on a selective basis as a pilotproject. The Commission, in cooperation with thesending agencies and their counterpart organiza-tions in the Third World, should make an inventoryof the sectors where the need for such personnelexists. Many electives return later to full timevolunteer assignments in the Third World. TheCommunity action would provide training forvolunteer development work. It would be co-finan-ced by the Community and the volunteer develop-ment organizations.

Volunteer organizations in various Member Statessuccessfully use the services of volunteers fromseveral Community countries with the active sup-port of governments. In addition, there is the

Franco-German joint initiative to send youngvolunteers to work in projects in the Third Worldunder the guidance and within the framework ofexisting volunteer organizations, although by wayof a separate scheme. A programme drawn up ona wider European basis could be carried out in thelight of such experiences.

6.4. The Committee proposes that the EuropeanCouncil:

(i) confirm its support for volunteer developmentworkers and their organizations;

(ii) ask the Commission to intensitY consultationwith the volunteer sending organizations with aview to:

(a) maximizing the contribution that volunteerworkers can make to developing countries andespecially to regions stricken by drought andfamine;

(b) devising a Community action for trainee volun-teer development workers on a pilot basis;

(c) encouraging further concertation among volun-teer development workers and their organiza-tions, for instance through joint projects;

(ill) call on all the Member States to put into effectthe Council's recommendation of 13 June 1985 onthe protection of the social security of volunteerdevelopment workers.

Health, social security and drugs

Health and social security are closely linked withthe quality of life of the citizens within the Com-munity.

. 7. 1. The Committee proposes that the EuropeanCouncil invite the Ministers for Health to give anappropriate follow-up to the Commission s com-munication to the Council on cooperation atCommunity level on health related problems. TheCommittee considers that it is time that a decisionbe taken on:

(i) the recommendation on dialysis for kidneypatients;

(ii) the programme of action on toxicology, forhealth protection.

2. The Committee also believes that the Minis-ters for Health and, where appropriate, Communityinstitutions should consider whether there is in themedium term scope for further cooperation:

(i) for the improvement of the living conditions ofhandicapped persons and of the socially deprived;

(ii) for the encouragement of medical research andtechnology, for instance in the field of cancer.

3. Although public health problems generallyfall within national responsibility, the Committeeconsider that it is a real concern of Communitycitizens that medical assistance within the Commu-nity should be easily available to them even whenthey are abroad. Because of the different systems ofmedical care, medical insurance and payment,many people travelling in the Community do worrythat there may be unforeseen difficulties or expendi-ture if they become ill or have an accident awayfrom home.

For this reason the Committee draws attention totwo points:

(i) Emergency Health Card: The possibility hasbeen considered of making available to citizens, ona voluntary basis, a card containing certain details(for example, blood group, allergies or specificconditions such as diabetes) which could be helpful

in an emergency away from home. Some MemberStates already offer such facilities for persons withparticular medical conditions.

The Committee considers that the European Coun-cil should endorse the proposal that the EmergencyHealth Card to be issued by those Member Stateswhich agree to take part in such action should bein a uniform European format.

(ii) Access to medical treatment throughout theCommunity: Under the Community arrangements,eligible Community citizens are able, when in aMember State other than their own, to claimmedical treatment on the same terms as insurednationals of that Member State. The Committeedoubts whether very many citizens know that thisis the case. From the citizen s point of view, thecumbersome system, which involves - in mostMember States - the need to obtain at frequentintervals the 'E 111' certificate, could be improved.The Administrative Commission of Social Securityfor Migrant Workers is already actively consideringalternatives to the E 111 system.

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil ask the competent authorities to ensure, as amatter of priority, the simplification of the proce-dures (for example, the document might be of

unlimited duration where national health provisionsare equally unlimited), so that the arrangements arereadily accessible and comprehensible to Commu-nity citizens.

7.4. The Committee has also given particularattention to the drug problem. The need for com-mon action to step up the struggle against the trafficin and use of drugs is evident at a time when it isthe aim of the Community to abolish frontiercontrols on goods and proceed towards the freemovement of people. The action should not dupli-cate work in the fields already covered by interna-tional organizations such as the Council of Europe,the World Health Organization, the United Na-tions, or by specialized institutions - CustomsCooperation Council, Interpol. This does, how-ever, not diminish the importance of ensuring

optimal cooperation between the Member States atCommunity level in this sector and the most effec-

tive rationalization of existing forms of interna-tional cooperation.

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil call upon the Member States and, where ap-propriate, the Community institutions to:

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(i) cooperate systematically in order to strengthen

the Pompidou Group s action pursued within theCouncil of Europe concerning prevention, researchand treatment of drug addicts , as well as to helpwith the social reintegration of addicts;

(ii) improve cooperation between the differentjudiciary and police authorities of the MemberStates, as well as review the existing procedures inorder to accelerate delivery and handling of interna-tionalletters rogatory concerning traffic in narcoticsand improve cooperation on information activitiescovering drug abuse;

(ill) in order to combat drug abuse, establishcooperation at European level with third countriesmost involved.

Twinning

Solidarity between the citizens of the MemberStates and mutual understanding and cooperation-essential for the building of Europe - have beenwidely promoted and facilitated by the twinning oftowns and cities, which has in many instancesalready been organized under the aegis of the

representative international organizations of localand regional authorities.

The Committee proposes that the European Coun-cil:

(i) encourage such measures, while respecting theautonomy of initiative and organization of the localauthorities involved, stressing the need for twin-nings to be organized between towns or cities withsimilar features and that all structures and catego-ries ofthe population, in particular schools, 1 should

take part;

(ii) invite the Commission to contribute by takinginitiatives to promote twinning, above all by crea-ting favourable conditions, including more infor-mation, for their development.

9. Strengthening of themunity' simage and identity

Com-

The Committee, taking account of the reference toinitiatives of symbolic value in the conclusions ofthe European Council at Fontainebleau, proposesthe following:

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1. There is clearly a need, for both practical.andsymbolic reasons, for a flag and an emblem to beused at national and international events, exhibi-tions and other occasions where the existence ofthe Community needs to be brought to publicattention. A decision on this matter is required inorder to avoid misunderstanding and confusion.The Committee agrees with the European Parlia-ment' s idea that a design which could be used forboth a Community emblem and a flag should bebasically that chosen by the Council of Europe.However, bearing in mind the independence andthe different nature of the two organizations, theCommittee proposes to the European Council thatthe European Community emblem and flag shouldbe a blue rectangle with, in the centre, a circle of 12five-pointed gold stars which do not touch, sur-rounding a gold letter E, of the design already usedby the Commission.

The European Council should express the hopethat the .emblem and flag will be used at appropriateplaces and on suitable occasions, without of courseaffecting the use of national flags, and asks theinstitutions to agree to regulate the use of flag andemblem.

2. The music of the 'Ode to Joy' from the fourthmovement of Beethoven s ninth symphony is in factused at European events. This anthem has also beenrecognized by the Council of Europe as being

representative of the European idea.

The Committee recommends to the EuropeanCouncil that this anthem be played at appropriateevents and ceremonies.

3. Stamps are very widely used both inside andoutside each individual country and thus, if suitablydesigned, can be appropriate vehicles for drawingattention to ideas and events in the Community.

The Committee proposes to the European Councilthat the postal organizations should be invited toconsider national issues of certain stamps in theindividual countries bearing identical designs ofsubjects which highlight the Community or itsunderlying values, or which commemorate particu-larly important events in Community history, suchas the accession of Spain and Portugal, as was doneto mark the first direct elections to the European

1 See paragraphs 5.3. and 5. 8. above.

Parliament. The European Council should invitethe competent postal authorities and the Commis-sion to instigate early action on these lines.

The Committee furthermore proposes to the Euro-pean Council that it request all postal administra-tions to study the possibility of extending the inter-nal tariff for postcards and standard letters todestinations in all other Member States.

9.4. Even now, neither at the external frontiersnor at internal borders is there any visible sign thatthe traveller is entering the Community or movingwithin it. On the contrary, several of the features ofborder posts are increasingly becoming anachro-nisms, for instance the sign 'customs' at internalborders, in that they ignore the existence of the

common market and thus undermine the credibilityof the Community.

The European Council should therefore invite theMember States to remedy the present unsatisfactoryand uninspiring state of affairs at the borders,through a concerted effort in the framework of theCommunity. It cannot indeed be beyond the imagi-nation of a Community which strives for a 'Europesans frontieres' and which should now endow itselfwith a common emblem - without of courseprejudice to the use of national flags - to abolishinadequate and obsolete signs at internal bordersand devise border signs ora common design correc-

tly reflecting the progress made towards a genuinesingle market and the unity of the EuropeanCommunity.

Conclusion

The Committee considers that these proposals,

together with those outlined in the March report,constitute a balanced whole, implementation ofwhich would give the individual citizen a clearerperception of the dimension and existence of theCommunity.

To ensure the implementation of this report - theagreed conclusions of the representatives of the

Heads of State or Government of all the MemberStates and of the President of the Commission - itis essential that the European Council should nowrequest the Commission, the Council and theMember States to ensure that it is put into effect.

Furthermore, the European Council should ask theCouncil to make an initial report on the follow-upin December 1985, on the basis of an assessmentby the Commission, and a second report in a yearfrom now. Within 12 months decisive progressshould have been made on a considerable numberof these proposals.

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European Council

Milan 28 and 29 June 1985

Conclusions

Institutional affairs

The European Council held a wide-ranging discus-sion on the proposals of the ad hoc Committee forInstitutional Affairs set up at Fontainebleau, andthe draft mandate of the Italian Presidency and inparticular on the improvement of the Council'decision-making procedure, the enlargement of theEuropean Parliament' role, the Commission

administrative powers and the strengthening ofpolitical cooperation in the general context of thetransition to European union.

It confirmed the need to improve the operation ofthe Community in order to give concrete form tothe objectives it has set itself, in particular asregards the completion of the internal market by1992 and measures to promote a technologicalEurope.

The European Council noted that the President ofthe Council would submit proposals for the im-provement of the Council's decision-making pro-cedure, the exercise of the Commission s adminis-trative powers and the Parliament's powers with aview to their early adoption.

The European Council discussed in detail theconvening of a conference to work out the fol-lowing with a view to achieving concrete progresson European union:

(i) a treaty on a common foreign and securitypolicy on the basis of the Franco-German andUnited Kingdom drafts;

(ii) the amendments to the EEC Treaty in accor-dance with Article 236 of that Treaty, required forthe implementation of the institutional changesconcerning the Council's decision-making proce-dure, the Commission s executive power and thepowers of the European Parliament and the exten-sion to new spheres of activity in accordance withthe proposals of the Dooge Committee and theAdonnino Committee, as set out elsewhere, andtaking into account certain aspects of the Com-

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mission proposal concerning the freedom movement of persons.

A People s Europe

The European Council thanked the ad hoc Com-mittee on .a People s Europe for its initial reportand for its final report submitted in Milan, both ofwhich contained numerous concrete measuresaimed at involving the citizens of Europe moredeterminedly in the construction of the Commu-nity.

With regard to the latter report, the EuropeanCouncil approved the proposals which it contained.Those proposals concerned inter alia citizensrights, culture, youth, education and sport. TheEuropean Council instructed the Commission andthe Member States, acting within their respectivepowers, to take the necessary implementing meas-ures, and instructed the Council to report to it atits December meeting on the progress achieved.

The European Council accepted the suggestionsalong the same lines contained in the Frenchmemorandum on a People s Europe and empha-

sized in particular the sections of that documentconcerning young people, culture and health. Inthis context, the European Council emphasized thevalue of launching a European action programmeagainst cancer.

With regard to the measures contained in the initialreport and approved by the European Council inMarch 1985, the European Council expressed itsconcern at the delay in implementing them andasked the Council, the Member States and theCommission, each acting within its own powers, totake the necessary decisions to remedy this situa-tion as soon as possible.

Letter of 8 July 1985 to Mr Pietro Adonnino,President of the ad hoc Committee on a PeopleEurope, from Mr Bettino Craxi, Italian PrimeMinister

Now that the Italian Presidency has drawn to aclose, I would like to express my sincere apprecia-tion of the valuable .and inspiring work done by theCommittee on a People s Europe under your

chairmanship.

The results of your Committee s endeavours wereveryfavourably received at the European Council inMilan. Indeed, the importance attached to the

proposals in the final report is obvious from itsconclusions. As you know, the Heads of State orGovernment endorsed the measures advocated byyour Committee and issued instructions for theirimplementation. Another indication of the high

regard in which your Committee s work is held isthat the forthcoming intergovernmental conferenceis to discuss its institutional conclusions whichrecommend that Community competence be ex-tended to new areas of activity.

To my mind, however, the best tribute we could payto the penetrating and useful work done by your

Committee would be to put its proposals for aPeople s Europe into practice.

Rest assured that Italy will do all it can to stimulateaction and make an effective contribution to achie-ving this goal and advancing along the road toEuropean union.

I would be grateful if you could convey the Euro-pean Council's appreciation and thanks to each andevery member of your Committee.

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Annex

List of Members of the ad hoc Committee on a PeopleEurope

Mr Pietro Adonnino (Chair)Representative of Mr Bettino Craxi, President of the

Italian Council of Ministers

Mr T. Mailand ChristensenRepresentative of Mr Poul Schluter, Prime Minister ofDenmark

Mr Max GalloRepresentative of Mr Franc;ois Mitterrand, President ofthe French Republic

Mr Albert HansenRepresentative of Mr Jacques Santer, President of theGovernment of Luxembourg

Mr Yannos KranidiotisRepresentative ofMr Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minis-ter of Greece

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Mr Hans NeuselRepresentative of Mr Helmut Kohl, Federal Chancellorof the Federal Republic of Germany

Mr Eamon 0 TuathailRepresentative of Mr Garret FitzGerald, Prime Ministerof Ireland

Mr Carlo Ripa Di MeanaRepresentative of Mr Jacques Delors, President of the

Commission

Mr Prosper ThuysbaertRepresentative of Mr Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister ofBelgium

Mr Edmund WellensteinRepresentative of Mr Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister ofthe Netherlands

Mr David WilliamsonRepresentative ofMrs Margaret Thatcher, Prime Ministerof the United Kingdom

Secretariat of the Committee:

Mr Fabio De NardisMr Frank Benyon

Mr Karl Buck

European Communities - Commission

A People s Europe

Supplement 7/85 - Bull. EC

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

1985 - 33 pp. - 17.6 x 25.0 cm

, DE , GR , EN , FR , NL

ISBN 92-825-5637-

Catalogue number: CB-NF-85-007-EN-

Price (excluding VAT) in Luxembourg

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