ABDUL KADIR BIN ABU HASHIM

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF

PERHILITAN IN WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

JABATAN PERLINDUNGAN HIDUPAN LIAR

DAN TAMAN NEGARA

(PERHILITAN)

28th

JULY 2015

1.0 HISTORY

2.0 BACKGROUND

1932

• Wildlife Commission of Malaya established

1939

• Headquarters of the Game Department was established with the appointment of Cpt. A. Ritchie as the first Chief Game Warden. Taman Negara established

1955

• The Wild Animals and Wild Birds Protection Ordinance No. 2 of 1955 established

1972

• The Protection of Wildlife Act 1972 [Act 76] came into force. Administration of the Game Department of Peninsular Malaysia was taken over by the Federal Government under the Headquarters of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)

2010• The Wildlife Conservation Act 2010 [Act 716] entered into force

3.0 FUNCTIONAL

STRUCTURE

SUSTAINABLE

BIODIVERSITY

CONSERVATION

BIODIVERSITY

CONSERVATION

ECOTOURISM

MANAGEMENT

SERVICES

LAW &

ENFORCEMENT

PROTECTED

AREAS

TRAINING & PUBLIC

AWARENESS

ZOOLOGICAL PARKS

EX-SITU

CONSERVATION

CONSULTANCY

4.0 ORGANISATION

CHART

HEAD OF

INTEGRITY

UNIT

DIRECTOR

OFPERLIS

DIRECTOR

OF NEGERI

SEMBILAN

DIRECTOR

OFKELANTAN

DIRECTOR

OF TERENGGANU

DIRECTOR OFFEDERAL

TERRITORIES

DIRECTOR

OF MELAKA

DIRECTOR

OF SELANGOR

DIRECTOR

OFKEDAH

DIRECTOR

OF

PENANG

DIRECTOR OF

MANAGEMENT

DIVISION

DIRECTOR OF

INSTITUTE OF

BIODIVERSITY

STATE DWNP

OFFICE

DIRECTOR OF

ZOOLOGICAL

PARKS

DIRECTOR OF

CONSULTANCY

DIVISION

DIRECTOR OF

EX-SITU

CONSERVATION

DIRECTOR OF

ECOTOURISM

DIRECTOR OF

BIODIVERSITY

CONSERVATION

DIRECTOR OF

PROTECTED

AREAS

DIRECTOR OF

ENFORCEMENT

DIRECTOR GENERAL

DEPUTY

DIRECTOR GENERAL I

DEPUTY

DIRECTOR GENERAL II

SUPERINTENDENT

TAMAN NEGARA

PAHANG

DIRECTOR OF

TASEK BERA

RAMSAR SITE

DIRECTOR OF

KRAU WILDLIFE

RESERVE

SUPERINTENDENT

OF PENANG

NATIONAL PARK

SUPERINTENDENT

PAYA INDAH

WETLANDS

PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICER LAW UNIT

DIRECTOR

OFPERAK

DIRECTOR

OF JOHOR

DIRECTOR

OFPAHANG

5.0 STAFFING

3

185

1063

269

3

165

966

214

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

PENGURUSAN TERTINGGI PENGURUSAN & PROFESIONAL PELAKSANA (SOKONGAN I ) PELAKSANA (SOKONGAN II )

JAW

ATA

N

JAWATAN ISI

STAFFING BY CATEGORY

JANUARY 2015

Top Management: 3Management & Professional: 185Support: 1,332Total: 1,520Vacancy: 172

6.0 PROTECTED AREAS

10

MAJOR PROTECTED AREAS MANAGED BY

DWNP

- Taman Negara Pahang

(248,121 ha)

- Taman Negara Kelantan,

(103,802 ha)

- Taman Negara Terengganu,

(80,250 ha)

Penang National

Park (2,563 ha)

Krau Wildlife

Reserve, Pahang

(62,395 ha)

Sungkai Wildlife

Reserve, Perak

(2,468 ha)

Sungai Dusun Wildlife

Reserve, Selangor

(4,330 ha)

Tasek Bera Ramsar

Site, Pahang

(31,255 ha)

7.0 ENFORCEMENT

Act 716

• Wildlife Conservation Act 2010 [Act 716]

Act 686

• International Trade In Endangered Species Act 2008 [Act 686]

Act 226

• Taman Negara Act 1980 [Act 226]

Enactment 14

• Taman Negara Kelantan Enactment of 1938 [Enactment 14]

Enactment

2

• Taman Negara Pahang Enactment of 1939 [Enactment 2]

Enactment6

• Taman Negara Terengganu Enactment of 1939 [Enactment 6]

LIST OF LAWS ENFORCED BY DWNP

WILDLIFE CRIME CASES RECORDED

2011 - 2014

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

2011 2012 2013 2014

475

354

788

1,050

NO

OF

CA

SE

S

YEAR

MONITORING AND AUDIT

ZOO & PERMANENT EXHIBITION

COOPERTAION WITH OTHER

ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

klik

8.0 BIODIVERSITY

CONSERVATION

WILDLIFE INVENTORY PROGRAM

Sample collection andmorphological data recording

Setting up mist nets

Setting up camera traps

REPORTS AND PUBLICATIONS

Inventory Report PostersJournal

National Tiger Conservation Action Plan

(NTCAP)2008

SPECIES CONSERVATION PLANS

National Elephant Conservation Action Plan

(NECAP)2013

HUMAN – WILDLIFE CONFLICT MANAGEMENT

WILDLIFE DISTURBANCE COMPLAINTS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA (2010 – 2014)

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Kera Babi hutan Gajah Musang Berok

20,555

3,344 2,947 2,4691,198

Bilan

gan

Ad

uan

Spesies

1974 – 2014:

466 elephants were translocated to major elephant habitats (Taman

Negara, Royal Belum State Park & Endau-Rompin National Park)

HUMAN – ELEPHANT CONFLICT

MANAGEMENT

• 2008 – 2014 :

• - 18 Electric Fencing System projects known as

Sistem Pagar Elektrik Gajah (SPEG)

• - 284 Km

• - Cost RM 12.9 million

• - Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang & Johor

HUMAN – ELEPHANT CONFLICT

MANAGEMENT

9.0 EX-SITU

CONSERVATION

10

9

8

7

65

4

1

32

1. WCC Sg Batu Pahat,

Perlis

2. WCC Bukit Paloh,

Terengganu

3. WCC Gua Musang,

Kelantan

4. WCC Jenderak Selatan,

Pahang

5. WCC Jemaluang, Johor

6. WCC Segamat, Johor

7. WCC Sungai Dusun,

Selangor

8. WCC Sungkai / NWRC,

Perak

9. WCC Bota Kanan, Perak

10.WCC Bukit Pinang,

Kedah

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION CENTRES (WCC)

Banteng

Milky Stork Tapir

Malayan Peacock-PheasantMalayan Gaur

Sambar Deer

WILDLIFE BREEDING & REINTRODUCTION

MousedeerRiver Terrapin

Barking Deer

WILDLIFE BREEDING & REINTRODUCTION

WILDLIFE GENETIC RESOURCE BANK

15,167 speciments (297 species & 96 families)

81%

12%5%2%

Mammals Reptiles

Amphibians Others

ZOONOTIC DISEASES

MONITORING PROGRAM

Wildlife sampling

Sample analysis for pathogen

detection (virus/bacteria)

Field investigation

COOPERATION WITH UNIVERSITIES

10.0 ECOTOURISM

ENTRY POINTS TO TAMAN NEGARA

Muka Head Lighthouse

PENANG NATIONAL PARK

Campgrounds

Meromictic Lake

TAMAN NEGARA KELANTAN, KUALA KOH

Taman Negara Kelantan, Kuala Koh office complex

Birdwatching Fishing

TAMAN NEGARA TERENGGANU,

TANJUNG MENTONG

Bewah Caves

FishingTaat Caves

TAMAN NEGARA PAHANG, KUALA TAHAN

Botak Campsite (Gunung Tahan Trail)

37Canopy Walkway River crossing Lubuk Tenor Kelah Sanctuary

TAMAN NEGARA PAHANG, SUNGAI RELAU

Kuala Juram Kelah Sanctuary

38

Elephant observation Pertunjukan gajah

NATIONAL ELEPHANT CONSERVATION

CENTRE (NECC)

Interpretation Shower with baby elephant

PAYA INDAH WETLANDS

Chalets Wildlife observation

40

Birdwatching

VISITOR ARRIVALS TO DWNP ECOTOURISM

SITES 2013 AND 2014

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

TNPKT TNPSR TNK TNPP PKGK PIW

2013 81,932 10,862 3,780 115,195 128,637 124,813

Okt 2014 74,754 13,903 5,647 98,920 132,366 103,270

Ju

mla

h P

ela

wat

PETUNJUK:

TNPKT : Taman Negara

Kuala Tahan

TNPSR : Taman Negara

Sungai Relau

TNK : Taman Negara

Kelantan

TNPP : Taman Negara

Pulau Pinang

NECC : National

Elephant

Conservation

Centre

PIW : Paya Indah

Wetlands

11.0 HUMAN RESOURCE

DEVELOPMENT

42

TRAINING

Wildlife handling Protected areas boundary

management

Localised Nature Guide Course

Firearms training

PUBLIC AWARENESS

Exhibition Biodiversity Education Program

School trips and visits

45

12.0 CHALLENGES

CHALLENGES IN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT

• High commercial value

• Ease of access

• Top 12 in the world

Biodiversity resources

• Low risk of being caught

• Penalty for encroachment in Taman Negara is weak (eg: shoot to die for encroachment in Thai National Parks

• Vast wilderness area in Taman Negara total of 4343 km2

Hunting

• Known as international hub for smuggling

• Porous international boundaries

• Good transportation facilities (land, sea and air)

• High demand in black market

Smuggling

• Society has high expectations for the DWNP to curb smuggling and poaching but they have a poor perception of the department

Public perception

Inside

Habitat

Outside

Habitat

46

CURRENT CHALLENGES

Current challenges

Shrinking natural wildlife habitats

Loss of biodiversity resources

Wildlife smuggling and

poaching

Wildlife welfare

Public and NGO

perception

Professionalism and expertise

Enforcing new laws (Act 716 & 686)

• Wildlife welfare in zoos

• Gazettementand enforcement of regulations

• Illegal online wildlife trading

Local community / NGO

• Spread through social media

• Local mass media

• Stakeholders

• Public complaints

International Obligations

• CITES

• IUCN

• CBD

• GTI/ GTF

• St. Petersburg Declaration

• RAMSAR

• Panda

• Australasian flyways

• ProjekUNDP/GEF

• TPPA

Implementing species management plans

• Threat of extinction of critically endangered species

Zoonotic diseases

Emerging Zoonotic Disease such as malaria, leptospirosis, sarcosystis, JE, H1N1, HIV, TB

Wildlife forensics

• Need for forensic information on wildlife species

•DNA researchand

reference bank

Biodiversity research

• Lack of scientific data to support policies and decisions

• Database

FUTURE CHALLENGES

CONSERVE AND CARE FOR OUR WILDLIFE

‘LINDUNGI DAN SAYANGI

HIDUPAN LIAR KITA’