research proposal dr.urja mankad. definition of research proposal a proposal is an offer by one...

RESEARCH PROPOSALDR.URJA MANKAD

DEFINITION OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL

• A proposal is an offer by one party to provide a product Or service to another party in exchange for money. It is a kind of sales presentation. In other words, proposals are offers to solve the technical problem or to undertake a project of practical or theoretical in nature.

PURPOSEAs said earlier, proposals aim to solve a

problem, after a procedure, find answers to questions, offer advice and training or

conduct research on a topic of interest to both the parties. Proposals serve to review and improve existing products and services to meet the ever-increasing and complex requirement of today’s highly competitive

environment.

PURPOSE:

Any of the following can be the purpose of the proposal.

• To construct• To survey areas for the possible resources• To plan • To modernize the office procedures• To train managers or engineers as per the

international standard• To conduct a basic research for necessity• Academic research

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PROPOSAL

• Technical proposals are a persuasive blend of information, organization and reason (rationale).

• A proposal should• Demonstrate to appropriate decision makers that

their needs would be met with.• More creative than other forms of writing• Include summary, background, objective, description

of the problem, methodology and cost effectiveness.• Anticipate the possible reasons for rejection and

provide suggestions for overcoming them• Use plain, direct and unambiguous language.

That means the proposal should answer the following questions:

• What do we propose to do?(objective)• How do we propose to do?(methodology)• What evidence can we propose to use that

will actually get the desired result?( reference, reading material, past project report)

• What evidence can we propose to show that ours is the best way to get the desired result?

• What are the aspects or the evidences to be presented to make the cost acceptable?

ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURE (FORMAT)

• Prefatory parts:• Title page: • Similar to report. It should include at least• the title, • the name of the person or a company to

whom the proposal is submitted, • the name of the person submitting the

proposal and date.


• The letter of Transmittal• This is a cover letter that accompanies or is

bound along with the proposal.• This cover letter should include :• a brief introductory: topic and purpose• a middle: proposal highlight • The concluding part: motivate the recipient

towards responding positively.


• DRAFT CONTRACT:A draft contract is the rough draft to the

contract prepared by the proposer. When the proposal is accepted, the original or rough draft may change in terms of finance, duration of the project.


• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:• Even brief proposals should have an executive

summary as evaluators will initially read only this summary to gain a quick review.

• That means it includes a brief background. Here budget figures are omitted. The summary should end with a re-emphasis of the proposal’s strengths as it gets circulated among a wide group.


• BODY OF THE PROPOSAL:• problem and need: This includes the problem statement which

clarifies what one intends to investigate. It should evaluate the facilities and procedure; that means why there is a problem and what benefits can it bring.


• BACK GROUND:• It includes following information.• Previous work completed on the same topic• Literature reviews and proposer’s evaluation• Statement on how the project will be carried

out.


• PURPOSE:• The objective or the purpose should be clearly

mentioned• SCOPE:• This part of the proposal defines the boundaries of

the project.• One must specify whether the project has more

than one areas of the company, department, village, city or even country. It is writer’s ethical and moral obligation.


• Limitation:• This section describes the limitations over which

the proposer may not have control. Not getting enough reading material is one of them.

• Project team /personnel• Even the smallest of the proposal must have the

list of the individuals who will work on the project. In long proposals, the resumes and designation of the personnel must be mentioned.


• Procedures:• A brief discussion on how the technical

requirement of the reader will be met with. This should include the following aspect.

• Methods and sources• Plan of attack• Sequence of activities• Equipment, facilities and products• Required manpower


• BUDGET AND COST ESTIMATE:• The budget or cost section is mandatory for all

proposals. It should include such items as materials and supplies, salaries, travels, duplicating, consumable items etc.. It is customary to include budget justification in paragraph form, stating the various items of expenses of the project.


• Conclusion: • It provides the final opportunity to re-

emphasize your proposal. No new idea should be stated here. It should be very brief, preferably in one paragraph only.

SUPPLEMENTARY PARTS

• Appendices: Visual graphs and some pertinent letters of support and endorsement can be added. But we have doubt anywhere, it is better to leave that part.

• References: It gives the list of sources which are used or quoted in the proposal.

STYLE AND APPEARANCE

• All techniques and principles which are applicable to the technical communication and report writing are equally applicable to the technical proposals also.

• As proposals are evaluated in the terms of general appearance,

STYLE AND APPEARANCE

• neatness,• specific appearance of table of content, • list of figures, • title page, • consistency of style, • completeness, and • professionalism, • it should be checked and rechecked.

EVALUATION SCHEME

• The following is the evaluation scheme:• understanding of purpose, objectives and tasks:

30 points• technical quality of the method proposed to be

applied: 30 points• quality of management plan and planning: 10

points• qualification of the staff: 20 points• corporate capability and experience: 10 points.

THANK YOU

research proposal dr.urja mankad. definition of research proposal a proposal is an offer by one...

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