rehabitat · 2015-07-01 · 75% of all austrian buildings are single family houses by 2030, 70% of...
TRANSCRIPT
Lisboa 01 July 2015
ReHABITATJulia Lindenthal
Gabriele Mraz
Constance Weiser
Franz Gugerell
75% of all Austrian buildings are single family houses
By 2030, 70% of those living alone will be women aged 65+
When single family houses no longer match the needs
OR different ways to live together
in which 58% of all Austrian residents are living in
ReHABITAT
Housing is a basic need.
In lower Austria 57 % of all the buildings are not fully
occupied
Research subject
• How can abandoned or not fully occupied
single family houses be transformed into
„multi-person homes“ (MPH)?
• What solutions are needed to achieve these
options at a technical, social and
administrative level?
• What convinces and what impedes the
relevant target groups from deciding in
favour of these solutions?
Method
• literature und project research
• Focus group and interviews to survey the needs and
requirements of house owners and residents
• Workshop with subject matter experts to survey the
quality features
• Selection of the building typologies
• Integral design process – architecture, HVACR, law,
financing
• Quality assurance by subject matter experts(workshop and interviews) ⇨ Revision
Multi-person home is NOT:
• Multifamily residence
• multiple storey residential building
Requirements on multi-person homes
• Age and Gender sensitivity
• High standard of living quality
• Provide different options of communal living
• Efficient use of floorspace
• Minor interventions
• Affordability
• Within the existing cubature
• Opening towards the community
Settlement-
house, 1957
Bungalow-
style, 1975
Semi-detached house,
1994
Building typologies from 50s to 90s:
Country
house – style
1984
Results
These options are working very well:
• Separately accessible dwelling units
• Shared house
• dwelling +: office, medical practice,
workshops, cafe, day care facilities etc.
• 24h caring and assisted living
• MPH as part of „residential compounds“
These options are working with restrictions:
• Smaller units with generous joint spaces for
interactions (p.e. common kitchens) :
- possible, if the dwellers are singles or
couples
- possible, if there is a minimum of 10 – 15
housing units available
Suitability for common use of classical secondary
rooms like garages, washing rooms, storing rooms
or cold storage rooms etc. should be verified in any case ⇨ extreme reduction of material andimmaterial resources (tools, floor space, time, money...)
Good to know:
- New staircases might be needed in order to
make apartments accessible separately
- Dormers might be needed to use attics
efficiently
- start-up apartments not too small ⇨ less
fluctuation ⇨ better for community-building
- Size of the rooms rather generous⇨ increased flexibility
- Importance of the outdoor spaces
- Leave a creative leeway (indoor and outdoor)
Residential compound
Three eldery neighbours found a household in one of their renovated
homes. For example in house A.
Before:
3 houses, 3
inhabitants
After:
3 houses, 9
inhabitants
By selling and renting houses B and C they can finance the
renovation.
Before
3 houses, 3
inhabitantsA B
C
Constructional and technical challenges:
• Barrier-free accessibility
• Ceiling heights, building heights, pitched
roof areas
• Noise insulation, Energy efficiency
• Fire prevention
• Illumination
• Water- and wastewater supply
• Heating
• Electrical power supply
What solutions are needed on a social level
to achieve these options?
• Aspects of „living- and architecture
psychology“ have to be respected:
– Protection of privacy and guarantee of
everybodies personal areas within the private
space
– Possibilities for communication and
interaction with cohabitants have to be given
– differentiation in private – semiprivate –
semipublic – public zones is important
Ideal composition of the housing community:
• Multigenerational living / homogeneous age groups
living, living with family or beyond intra-familial concepts ⇨ everything is possible, but
⇨ it is Important to offer a large spectrum of different
housing communities:
flatsharing for young & old, for people with need of
assistance, start-ups, Singleapartments, Family-
flats....
⇨ tuning expectations, interests and needs right at thebeginning of group-building processes
⇨ professional advice and supervision during thewhole process is strongly recommended
Crux of the matters that have to be
eased
• Emotional attachment towards one´s house
• Resistance against change
• Fear of taking risks by joint living
• Fear of being too close, of conflicts
• Fear of living with „strangers“
• Fear of „what will my neighbour be saying“?
Chance: Identification with the house is possible
also by tenants and/or in a house that belonged to
somebody else before
CONCLUSIONS
There is no universal solution⇨ there are many
solutions!
The spectrum of needs is equally broad as the
spectrum of possibilites to live together
The more jointly a dwelling form is, the less intense
the needed transformations of the house are, the
more the actual square meter per capita is lowered
The biggest barriers are the ones in our heads
Important that the „right persons“ find together
Prospects
• Handbook with analysis results and
designing options will be ready by
September 2015
• Blog (rehabitatprojekt.wordpress.com)
• Invitations to several events, to present our
ideas
• Follow-up project „ReHABITAT-
ImmoCHECK+“
• Long-term objective: IMPLEMENTATION
Team members
Austrian Institute of Ecology: Julia Lindenthal, Gabriele Mraz
architope network for sustainable architecture Constance Weiser
Gugerell KG Energy- and building consultance: Franz Gugerell
Project management: Julia Lindenthal, ÖÖIContact: [email protected]
Funded by the Austrian Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology
within the framework of the FEMtech research projects programme, 2013 - 2015
Thank you for your attention!
Julia Lindenthal
Austrian Institute of Ecology