regional physical framework plan 2004-2030 (volume 2 - physical and socio-economic profile and...

REGION IV-A(CALABARZON)

REGIONAL PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK PLAN2004-2030

(Volume 2 - Physical and Socio-EconomicProfile and Situational Analysis)

Philippine Copyright @ 2008National Economic and Development Authority

Regional Office IV-A (CALABARZON)

Printed in Quezon City, Philippines

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Figures

List of Acronyms

Acknowledgement

Other Sources of Data/Information

A. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.1 Location and Political Subdivision 2

1.2 Land Area and Land Classification 3

1.3 Topography 4

1.4 Slope 5

1.5 Soil physiology and suitability 6

1.6 Rock type and their distribution 9

1.7 Climate 9

1.8 Water Resources 10

1.9 Mineral Resources 10

1.10 Volcanoes 13

2 LAND USE

2.1 Production Land Use 14

2.1.1 Agricultural Land 14

a. Existing Agricultural Land Use in the NPAAAD

b. Existing Land Use of the SAFDZ

iiiii

2.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production Areas 18

2.1.3 Fishery Resources 20

a. Major Fishing Grounds

b. Municipal Fishing

c. Municipal Fisherfolks

2.1.4 Highlight of Agricultural Performance and 21

Food Sufficiency

a. Crops, Livestock and Poultry

b. Fishing Production Performance

c. Food Sufficiency Level\Feed Sufficiency

2.1.5 Agrarian Reform Areas 23

a. Land Acquisition and Distribution

b. Agrarian Reform Communities (ARCs)

2.1.6 Mineral Resources 25

a. Metallic Minerals

b. Non-Metallic Minerals

c. Mining Permits Issues

2.1.7 Industrial Development Areas 28

a. Industrial Center

b. Ecozones

2.1.8 Tourism 34

a. Tourism Areas

b. Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements

2.2 Protection Land Use 40

2.2.1 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) 40

a. NIPAS Initial Components

• Taal Volcano Protected Landscape

• Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal Protected Landscape

• Quezon Protected Landscape

• Buenavista Protected Landscape

• Maulawin Spring Protected Landscape

• Mts. Palay-palay/Mataas na Gulod National Park

• Alibijaban Wilderness Area

Table of Contents

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• Alabat Watershed Forest Reserve

• Binahaan Watershed Forest Reserve

• Calauag Watershed Forest Reserve

• Lopez Watershed Forest Reserve

• Mulanay Watershed Forest Reserve

• Marikina Watershed Forest Reserve

• 4Kaliwa River Watershed Forest Reserve

• 5Unnamed National Park, Game Preserve

and Wildlife Sanctuary

• Infanta Watershed Forest Reserve

• Polillo Watershed Forest Reserve

• Tibiang-Domagondong Watershed Forest Reserve

• Hinilugang Taktak National Park

• Additional Sites

> Pamitinan Protected Landscape

> Minasawa Island Game Refuge and

Bird Sanctuary

> Maricaban Strait and Adjacent Waters

of Balsuran and Batangas Bays

> Mt. Lobo

> Umiray River Watershed Forest Reserve

> Panukulan Watershed Forest Reserve

> Kanan River Watershed Forest Reserve

> Ragay Gulf

> Mapanghi Cave

> Sumuot Cave

> Masungi Rock

2.2.2 Non-NIPAS 48

a. Wetlands

b. Other Critical Basins

• Laguna de Bay

• Taal Lake

• Balayan and Adjacent Bays

• Manila Bay

Regionial Physical Framework Plan Volume 2

i i ii i ii i ii i ii i i

2.2.3 Ancestral Domain Areas 51

2.2.4 Environmentally Constrained Areas 51

a. Earthquake/Seismic Hazards

b. Volcanic Hazards

c. Hydrologic Hazards

d. Erosion

3 URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERN

3.1 Urban Barangays 63

3.2 Urban Population 64

3.3 Built-Up Areas 66

3.4 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements and Settlements Patterns 67

3.4.1 Urban Growth Clusters (UGC) 68

3.4.2 Large Towns and Medium Towns 69

3.4.3 Small Towns and Central Business Districts (CBDs) 70

3.5 Criteria Used in Identifying the Hierarchy of Centers in the Region 70

3.6 Accessibility Analysis 70

3.7 Implication of Urbanization 70

4 INFRASTRUCTURE AND OTHER PHYSICAL FACILITIES

4.1 Transportation 74

4.1.1 Road 74

4.1.2 Ports 76

4.1.3 Airports 79

4.1.4 Railways 79

4.2 Communication 82

4.2.1 Telephone Services 83

4.2.2 Postal Communication 84

4.3 Water Resource Management 84

Table of Contents

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4.3.1 Irrigation 84

4.3.2 Potable Water Supply 86

4.3.3 Water Supply (Household Level) 87

4.3.4 Summary of Issues/Concerns on Water 88

4.3.5 Flood Control 88

4.4 Power/Electricity 88

4.4.1 Power Generation 88

4.4.2 Energization of Municipalities and Cities 91

by Service Provider

4.4.3 Energization of Barangays 91

4.4.4 Households Using Electricity for Lighting 92

and Cooking

4.5 Social Infrastructure 93

4.5.1 Health Facilities 93

4.5.2 Basic Education Facilities and Manpower 93

4.5.3 Technical and Higher Education Facilities 97

4.5.4 Housing Facilities 97

4.5.5 Social Welfare Institutions 98

5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

5.1 Air Quality 99

5.2 Water Ecosystem 99

5.3 Forest and Upland Ecosystem 99

5.3.1 Forest Land 99

5.3.2 Forest Cover 101

5.3.3 Reforestation Program 102

5.4 Biodiversity 102

5.5 Solid Waste Disposal 107

5.6 Use of Solid Fuels 107

5.7 Toilet Facilities 108


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Table of Contents

B. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY

1 POPULATION DIMENSION

1.1 Trends in Population Size 110

1.2 Population 110

1.2.1 Population Size by Province 110

1.2.2 Population Size by Catchment Area/ 111

Urban Growth Cluster

1.2.3 Urban and Rural Population Distribution 112

1.3 Population Growth Rate and Density 112

1.4 Age-Sex Structure 113

1.5 Fertility and Its Proximate Determinants 115

1.6 Migration 116

1.7 Population Momentum 117

1.8 Future Growth 117

1.9 Issues/Concerns 119

2 REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT

2.1 Regional Growth and Share to National Economy 120

2.2 Sectoral Distribution of GRDP 121

2.2.1 Industry Sector 121

2.2.2 Service Sector 121

2.2.3 Agriculture Sector 122

2.3 Economic Specialization 122

2.4 Employment Situation 123

2.5 Family Income and Poverty Situation 127

2.6 Income Classification of LGUs 129

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List of Tables

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2.1 Political Subdivisions CALABARZON, 2000

2.2 Land Classification by Province (In hectares)

CALABARZON, 2002

2.3 Forest Land Classification by Province (In hectares)

CALABARZON, 2002

2.4 Distribution of Slope Range (Area in hectares)

CALABARZON, 2000

2.5 Distribution of Rocks by Type and by Province

CALABARZON Region, 1998

2.6 Climatic Type, Rainfall, Temperature and

Relative Humidity, by province

CALABARZON, 2000

2.7 Main Features of Principal Volcanoes in

CALABARZON, 1998

PRODUCTION LAND USE

2.8 Total Land Area, Certified A & D and NPAAD Areas by Province

CALABARZON, 1998 & 2002

2.9 A & D and Agricultural Lands Distributed by Province and Agency

CALABARZON 1987-2004*

2.10 Status of Land Conversion

CALABARZON, 1984-1999

2.11 Croplands by Major Crops and Province

CALABARZON, 2001

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3

4

4

6

9

10

13

14

15

16

17

2.12 Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAD, Total Croplands

and Utilization Rate by Province

CALABARZON, 2002

2.13 Distribution of SAFDZ Areas and Remaining

NAPAAD Areas by Province

CALABARZON, 2001

2.14 Area Occupied by Livestock and Poultry Industry

CALABARZON, 2002

2.15 Fishery Resources

CALABARZON, 1998

2.16 Sufficiency Levels of Major Food Commodities by Province

CALABARZON, 2002

2.17 Yellow Corn Feed Commodity Sufficiency Levels


2.18 Land Acquisition and Distribution Target by Year (In has)


2.19 Agrarian Reform Communities Launched by Province

CALABARZON, 2004

2.20 Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production

CALABARZON Region, 1998- 2002

2.21 Existing Mineral Permitees by Province


2.22 Status of Ecozones

CALABARZON, 2003

2.23 Growth Rate of Economic Zones

CALABARZON Region, 1993-2003

2.24 Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements by

Region(In thousands)Philippines, 1990-2002

2.25 Distribution of Travelers by Province (In thousands)


List of Tables

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17

18

18

20

22

23

23

25

28

29

31

33

39

39

PROTECTION LAND USE

2.26 Erosion Classes by ProvinceCALABARZON Region, 1990-1991

URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENTS PATTERN

2.27 Number and Percentage of Urban Barangays and Population

CALABARZON, 2000

2.28 Total Land Area, A & D, Estimated Built-Up Areas and

Percentage of Built-up Areas from A & D


2.29 Scalogram of Development Clusters

2.30 Population Growth Rate by Urban-Rural and

Urban-Rural Growth Differential (URGD)


INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

2.31 Road Sections with Estimated Annual Estimate

Average Daily Traffic (ADDT) >10,000)

CALABARZON, 1999

2.32 Road Densities and Paved Road Ratio by Province CALABARZON, 2000

2.33 Number and Length of Existing National Bridges by Province/City

CALABARZON, 2002-2003 (Length/span in kilometers)

2.34 Distribution of Ports by Province, Classification and Status


2.35 Inventory of Airport as of 30 June 2000


2.36 Installed Telephone Lines vs. Subscribed Telephone Lines

CALABARZON, 1999 and 2002

2.37 Number of Municipalities/Cities with Telephone Service



i xixixixix

61

64

67

71

72

75

76

77

79

82

83

2.38 Postal Indicators

CALABARZON, CY 2000 – CY 2002

2.39 Palay Area Harvested , Production and Yield by Farm Type

CALABARZON, 1997 – 2002

2.40 Water Supply Coverage Targets by Province

CALABARZON, 2000

2.41 Households by Main Source of Water Supply

for Drinking and/ or Cooking

CALABARZON Region, 1990 & 2000

2.42 Summary of Water Issues/Problems of CALA Covered LGUs

2.43 Flood Prone Areas in

CALABARZON

2.44 Power Plan by Location, Type and Capacity


2.45 Status of Energization by Service Provider

CALABARZON, 2000

2.46 Percentage Households who are using Electricity for

Lighting and Percentage of Households who are using

Electricity, Kerosene & LPG for Cooking


2.47 Number of Schools in Elementary and Secondary Level

CALABARZON Region, SY 1996 - 1997, SY 2001 – 2002

2.48 Elementary Class-Classroom Ratio by Division

CALABARZON Region, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000

2.49 Secondary Class-Classroom Ratio by Division

CALABARZON Region, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000

2.50 Number of Barangays Without Public Elementary Schools (ES)

And Municipalities without Public High Schools (HS)

CALABARZON Region, SY 2004

List of Tables

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84

86

87

87

88

89

91

92

92

93

95

95

97

2.51 Households to Occupied Housing Units


2.52 Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by

Type of Building and City/Municipality


ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

2.53 Land Area Classification by Province


2.54 Change in Certified Alienable and Disposable and Forest Lands

CALABARZON: 1990 and 2004

2.55 Percentage Forest Cover by Province

CALABARZON, 2004

2.56 Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province

CALABARZON, 2005

2.57 Proportion of land area covered by forest based on area

reforested by the DENR IV-A and private sectors

Philippines and CALABARZON: 1976-2005

2.58 Area reforested by the DENR IV-A and Private Sector


2.59 Total Protected Areas by Province (in Hectares)

CALABARZON Region

2.60 NIPAS Components that Overlapped with Conservation

Priority Areas in CALABARZON

2.61 Households by Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal


2.62 Proportion of Households Using Solid Fuels for Cooking


2.63 Households by Kind of Toilet Facility Being Used



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98

98

99

100

101

102

103

103

103

104

107

108

108

POPULATION DIMENSION

2.64 Total Population by Selected Regions and Percentage Share

Philippines and Selected Regions, 1970-2000

2.65 Total Population and Percentage Share by Province


2.66 Total Population and Percentage Share by

Major Cathchment/Cluster Areas


2.67 Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Population


2.68 Population Growth Rate


2.69 Population Growth Rate and Density by Province and Cluster


2.70 Median Age, Sex Ratio and Age Dependency Ratio

CALABARZON, 1990, 1995 AND 2000

2.71 Selected Fertility Indicators by Selected Regions

Philippines, 2003

2.72 Percentage of Household Population Five Years Old and

Over who Remained in the Same City/Municipality

and Province Five Years Ago

CALABARZON Region, 1990 and 2000

2.73 Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions

Philippines, 2000

2.74 Estimated Population Doubling Time of

CALABARZON Provinces and Catchment Areas

2.75 Actual and Projected Population by Province and

Catchment Areas

CALABARZON. 2000-2030

List of Tables

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110

111

111

112

113

114

115

115

116

117

117

118

REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT SITUATION

2.76 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and

Growth Rates Philippines,

Southern Tagalog, 1992-2002 and

CALABARZON, 2002-2005At Constant Prices (1985=100)

2.77 Average Share to GDP, GVA and GRDP by Sector

Southern Tagalog and CALABARZON Region, 1992-2005

2.78 Population 15 Years Old and Over by Sex and Employment Status,

Urban-Rural, CALABARZON Region, 1994-2002

2.79 Labor Force and Employment


2.80 Employment by Industry (in thousands)


2.81 Poverty IncidencePhilippines,

CALABARZON and Provinces, 1991-2000

APPENDIX TABLES

1 Selected Non-Metallic Minerals/Volume of Production by Province


2 List of Special Economic Zone


3 Ecozone Investments by Industry (In Million Pesos)

CALABARZON, 1997


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120

121

124

125

125

127

131

135

136

List of Figures

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2.1 Location Map and Provincial Delineation,

CALABARZON Region

2.2 Region’s Percentage Share to the Philippines Total Land Area

2.3 Slope Map,

CALABARZON Region

2.4 Climate Map,

CALABARZON Region

2.5 Map of Lakes,

CALABARZON Region

2.6 Distribution of Active and Inactive Volcanoes

CALABARZON Region

PRODUCTION LAND USE

2.7 Agricultural Croplands by Major Crops

CALABARZON Region,

2.8 NAPAAD and SAFDZ Map

2.9 Distribution of Municipal Fishery Production by Province (in MT)


2.10 Value of Agricultural Production

CALABARZON, 2003

2.11 Agrarian Reform Communities

CALABARZON Region

2.12 Mineral Resources Map (Metallic)

x ix ix ix ix i vvvvv

2

3

7

8

9

12

16

17

12

21

24

26

CALABARZON Region

2.13 Mineral Resources Map (Non-Metallic)

CALABARZON Region

2.14 Map of Ecozones

2.15 Natural Tourism Areas

2.16 Cultural/Historical Tourism Areas

2.17 Man-Made Tourism Areas

PROTECTION LAND USE

2.18 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)CALABARZON Region

2.19 Preliminary Geohazard Map

2.20 Distribution of Active Faults in CALABARZON

2.21 Photo Taal Volcano

2.22 Taal Volcano Base Surges Hazard Map

2.23 Taal Volcano Ballistic Projectiles Hazard Map

2.24 Taal Volcano Seiches/Lakewater Oscillation and Fissuring Hazard Map

2.25 Erosion Map

URBANIZATION AND SETTLEMENTS PATTERN

2.26 Number and Percentage Distribution of Urban-Rural Barangays

CALABARZON, 2000

2.27 Urban-Rural Classification of Barangays


2.28 Built-Up Areas

CALABARZON Region

2.29 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements


2.30 Urban Development Cluster/Corridor

CALABARZON Region


xvxvxvxvxv

27

32

35

36

37

41

53

54

56

57

58

60

62

63

65

66

68

69

2.31 Actual and Projected Proportion of Urban

and Rural Population


2.32 Change in Population Density by City/Municipality


INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

2.33 Number of Vehicles Registered and Annual Growth Rate


2.34 Batangas Port Statistics


2.35 PNR Train Operations


2.36 Existing Road Network


2.37 Teleledensity by Province


2.38 Telephone Main Line Density

ALABARZON Region, 1999-2002

2.39 Irrigation Status by Province


2.40 CALABARZON’s Power Contribution to the Luzon Grid

2.41 Power Generation Mix by Province

2.42 Distribution of Power Plans by Type

2.43 Distribution of Tertiary Hospitals

CALABARZON, 2002

2.44 Distribution of Higher Education Institutions

CALABARZON, 2002

List of Figures

xvixvixvixvixvi

71

73

75

78

80

81

82

83

85

89

89

9094

96

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

2.45Distribution of Forests by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2004

POPULATION DIMENSION

2.46 Percentage Urban-Rural Population by Selected Regions (in Percent)

Philippines and Selected Regions , 2000

2.47 Age-Sex Population Pyramid

CALABARZON, 2000

REGIONAL ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT SITUATION

2.48 Distribution of Manufacturing Establishments


2.49 Economic Specialization of Cities and Municipalities

2.50 Income classification of Cities and Municipalities

CALABARZON, 2003


xvi ixvi ixvi ixvi ixvi i

100

112

114

123

126

128

List of Acronyms

A & D Alienable and Disposable

AFMA Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act

APIS Annual Poverty Indicator Survey

ARC Agrarian Reform Community

ARI Acute Respiratory Infection

ATO Air Transportation Office

BAS Bureau of Agricultural Statistics

BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

BPO Barangay Post Office

BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management

CALA Cavite, Laguna

CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon

CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

CBD Central Business District

CEPZ Cavite Export Processing Zone

CHED Commission on Higher Education

CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan

CMTS Cellular Mobile Telephone Services

CPH Census of Population Housing

CvSU Cavite State University

DA Department of Agriculture

DAR Department of Agrarian Reform

DENR Department of Agrarian Reform

DEPED Department of Education

DILG Department of Interior and Local Government

DOE Department of Energy

DOH Department of Health

DOJ Department of Justice

DOLE Department of Labor and Employment

xvi i ixvi i ixvi i ixvi i ixvi i i

DOST Department of Science and Technology

DOT Department of Tourism

DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication

DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways

DTI Department of Trade and Industry

EMB Environmental Management Bureau

EO Executive Order

EPZ Export Processing Zone

FAB Fernando Air Base

FDI Foreign Direct Investment

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GNP Gross National Product

GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product

GVA Gross Value Added

HDI Human Development Index

HEI Higher Education Institution

HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board

HU Housing Unit

HUDCC Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council

HYV High Yielding Variety

ICC Investment Coordination Committee

ICT Information Communication Technology

IEs Industrial Estates

IPs Indigenous People

IRRI International Rice Research Institute

JICA Japan International Cooperation AGency

LA CASSA Cuenca, Agoncillo, Alitagtag San Nicolas, Santa Teresita

LDP Local Development Plan

LGU Local Government Unit

LLBC Laguna Lakeshore and Banahaw Corridor

LLDA Laguna Lake Development Authority

LRT Light Railway Transit


ixxixxixxixxixx

LTO Land Transportation Office

LSPC Laguna State Polytechnic College

LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration

MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau

MIMAROPA Mindoro Oriental, Mindoro Occidental, Marinduque, Romblon,

Palawan

MMUTIS Metro Manila Urban Transport Integration Study

MRT Manila Railway Transit

MSME Micro-Small-Medium Enterprise

MSR Manila South Road

MTPDP Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan

MTRDP Medium-Term Regional Development Plan

MWSS Manila Waterworks and Sewerage System

NAIA Ninoy Aquino International Airport

NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority

NDHS National Demographic and Health Survey

NCIP National Commission on Indigenous People

NCR National Capital Region

NEDA National Economic and Development Authority

NES National Ecotourism Strategy

NFPP National Framework for Physical Planning

NGOs Non-Government Organizations

NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System

NLUC National Land Use Committee

NPAAAD Network of Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro Industrial

Development

NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board

NSO National Statistics Office

PA Protected Area

PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration

PAWB Parks and Wildlife Bureau

PCA Philippine Coconut Authority

PEMC Professional Environmental Management Corporation

PEMSEA Partnership in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia

List of Acronyms

xxxxxxxxxx

PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority

PGR Population Growth Rate

PHILPOST Philippine Postal Corporation

PHIVOLCS Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

PNR Philippine National Railway

PPA Philippine Ports Authority

PPDO Provincial Planning and Development Office

PPFP Provincial Physical Framework Plan

PO People’s Organization

PTMP Philippine Tourism Master Plan

RA Republic Act

RBADC Resource-Based Area Development Cluster

RDC Regional Development Council

R & D Research and Development

REINA Real, Infanta, and General Nakar

RICALA Rizal Cavite Laguna

RLUC Regional Land Use Committee

RPFP Regional Physical Framework Plan

RRTS Road Roll-On-Roll-Off (RoRo) Terminal System

RSC Rural Service Center

SAFDZ Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones

S & T Science and Technology

SLEX Southern Luzon Expressway

SLPC Southern Luzon Polytechnic College

SME Small-Medium Enterprise

SRNH Strong Republic Nautical Highway

TFR Total Fertility Rate

UCBATC Upland Cavite-Batangas Agri-Tourism Center

UGC Urban Growth Cluster

UGCC Urban Growth Cluster Center

URGD Urban-Rural Growth Differentials

URS University of Rizal System

ZOMAP Zonal Map


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Acknowledgment

A. REGIONAL LAND USE COMMITTEE (RLUC)

1. Dir. Severinco C. Santos - Chairman, NEDA IV-A

2. Dir. Belen G. Ceniza - Co-Chairwoman, HLURB IV-A

3. Dir. Dennis B. Araullo - DA IV

4. Dir. Dominador B. Andres - DAR IV-A

5. Dir. Antonio C. Principe - DENR IV-A

6. Dir. Roberto C. Abejero - DILG IV-A

7. Dir. Louella C. Jurilla - DOT IV-A

8. Dir. Lina L. Estrada - DOTC IV-A

9.. Dir. Marilou Q. Toledo - DTI IV-A

10. Dir. Bonifacio O. Seguit - DPWH IV-A

11. Dir. Rosa Macas - BFAR IV-A

12. Dr. Rogelio Concepcion - BSWM

13. Dir. Jesse A. Obligacion - HLURB-ENCR

14. Dir. Ronald Fontamillas - HUDCC

15. Dir. Arnulfo V. Cabantog - DENR-MGB IV-A

16. Dir. Belino P. Osingat, Sr. - NCIP IV

17. Dir. Teresa Mondita S. Lim - PAWB

18. Engr. Alex T. Calicanto - PPA

19. Mr. Arsenio M., Cay, Jr. - Batangas

20. Ms. Eden V. Austria - Cavite

21. Mr. Valentin P. Guidote, Jr. - Laguna

22. Engr. Irma P. Garde - Quezon

23. Ms. Gertie A. Sison - Rizal

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B. RLUC TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP

1. Ms. Maribeth H. Ramos - BFAR IV-A

2. Mr. Joven P. Espineli - BSWM

3. Mr. Angelito P. Gonzales - DA IV-A

4. Mr. Edeltrudes C. Flores - DTI IV-A

5. Mr. Arvin Vinluan - DILG IV-A

6. Mr. Ramil R. Limpiada - DENR-LEP

7. Ms. Ronita A. Undayao - DENR-PAWD

8. Mr. Mario R. Daga - DOT IV-A

9. Ms. Lilia J. Lumbera - HLURB IV-A

10. Ms. Nora Diaz - HLURB-ENR

11. Ms. Sailani Bassig - HUDCC

12. Ms. Virginia R. Malantic - LTO/DOTC

13. Mr. Elmer B. Billedo - MGB

14. Ms. Sandy P. Padilla - NCIP IV

15. Ms. Mariden E. Maranan - PAWB

16. Mr. Antonio L. Bayani - PPA IV

17. Ms. Socorro R. Perez - Batangas

18. Ms. Lorena C. Cron - Cavite

19. Mr. Ariel P. Peñaranda - Laguna

20. Mr. William R. Arjona - Quezon

21. Ms. Leila C. Reynes - Rizal

C. RESOURCE PERSON AND DATA/INFORMATION PROVIDERS

1. Dr. Arturo Corpuz - Ayala Land, Inc.

2. Director Rosalinda P. Bautista - National Statistics Office (NSO)

3. Ms. Pamela Lapitan - National Statistics and Coordination

Board (NSCB)


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D. OVERALL COORDINATION, REVIEW AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT COMMITTEE

Dir. Severino C. Santos

OIC ARD Liberty A. Abellon

Plan Formulation Group, NEDA IV-A

1. Mr. Donald James Gawe, Spvg. EDS/OIC

2. Mr. Antonio P. Robles, Sr. EDS

3. Ms. Agnes A. Daantos, Sr. EDS

4. Mr. Jedel Ervin M. Tabamo, Sr. EDS

5. Ms. Elisa I. Pandela, EDS II

6. Mr. Roc Escosio, EDS II

7. Ms. Antonina De Chavez, EDS I

Program and Project Group, NEDA IV-A

8. Fidel T. Udarbe, Chief, EDS

9. Ms. Rebecca A. Salangsang, Spvg. EDS

10. Ms. Emilinda S. Evangelista, Sr. EDS

11. Mr. Cesar M.R. Palacio, Sr. EDS

12. Engr. Josephine D. Hapil, Sr. EDS

13. Engr. Alan T. Del Socorro, EDS II

Administrative Support

14. Ms. Arlita E. Lopez

15. Ms. Alicia C. Billutes

16. Mr. Lorenzo F. Tamayo

17. Ms. Flordeliza G. Lagdameo

18. Ms. Norayda N. Ragasa

19. Ms. Nelia C. Villaflor

20. Ms. Kathleen Melendrez

21. Ms. Richeal M. Jastive

22. Mr. Farhad E. Ali Asgari

23. Mr. Tomas Q. Lipit

24. Mr. Francis P. Que

25. Mr. Pepito R. Ponce

Acknowledgement

xxivxxivxxivxxivxxiv

Other Sources of Data/Information1. ATO 6. DOST 11. NSO

2. BAS 7. DPWH 12. PCS

3. DAR 8. LWUA 13. PEZA

4. DOE 9. NAMRIA 14. PHILVOCS

5. DOLE 10. NSCB 15. PNR

State of the Philippine Forests: The National Forest Assessment of 2003 by Mr.Romeo T. Acosta

References

Way Forward Action Plan for Sustainable Forest Development of the Philippines bySec. Victor O. Ramos and Usec. Florentino O. Tesoro

Philippine Agenda 21

Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities

Cavite-Laguna Urban Development and Environmental Management Study

Manila Bay Coastal Strategy

Laguna de Bay Region Master Plan and the Zone Management Plan

The Environment and the Millenium Development Goals

CALABARZON MDG

National Framework for Physical Planning

Philippine Forestry Statistics

Protection Land Use by Mr. Candido A. Cabrido, Jr.

Strategic Environmental Plan for the Batangas Bay Region, ENRO, Batangas

Taal Volcano Island Natiional Park “World’s Lowest and Deadliest Volcano”, DENR

Philippine Statistical Year Book

Southern Tagalog Regional Socio-economic Trends

Provincial Physical Framework Plans (Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal)

Provincial Socio-Economic Profile (Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal)

xxvxxvxxvxxvxxv

22222

PhysicalCharacteristic1

1.1 Geographical Location and PoliticalSubdivision

CALABARZON is situated Southeast of MetroManila, Region IV-B (MIMAROPA) and Region V (BicolRegion), and North of Region III (Central Luzon). It

is bounded on the north by Central Luzon provinces(i.e. Bulacan and Aurora), on the east by thePhilippine Sea, southeast by Bicol Peninsula, on thesouth by Tayabas Bay-Lubang Verde Island Passage,and on the west by South China Sea and the MetroManila.

Figure 2.1Location Map and Provincial Delineation

CALABARZON Region, Philippines

Figure 2.1Location Map and Provincial Delineation

CALABARZON Region, Philippines

33333

CALABARZON consists of fiveprovinces, 19 congressionaldistricts, 11 cities, 131municipalities and 4,009 barangays(Figure 2.1, Table 2.1). The elevencities of the region are Cavite City,Trece Martirez City, Tagaytay City(Cavite), Calamba City, San PabloCity, Sta. Rosa City (Laguna),Batangas City, Lipa City, TanauanCity (Batangas), Antipolo City (Rizal)and Lucena City (Quezon). Amongthe cities, Lucena City is the onlyhighly urbanized city. Quezon has themost number of municipalities andbarangays while Rizal province hasthe least.

1.2 Land Area and Land Classification

The region has a total land area of 1,622,861hectares or 5.4 percent of the country’s total landarea of 30 million hectares (Figure 2.2). The regionis the 6th smallest in terms of land area among the17 administrative regions of the country. Quezon hasthe largest land area with 870,660 hectares, whilethe province of Cavite has the smallest with 128,755hectares.

Of the total land area of the region, more thanone half or 64.6 percent is A & D while only 34.4percent is forestland. Quezon Province has thebiggest area classified as alienable and disposableat 474,439 hectares. Rizal has the least at 63,889hectares. Quezon accounts for the biggest forest areaof 396,221 hectares followed by Batangas at 48,821hectares, and Laguna at 41,253 hectares. Cavite hasthe smallest forestland of only 21,022 hectares.

Three fourths of the region’s forest areclassified as Timberland while only 0.005 areclassified as Civil Reservation. Among the provinces,Quezon has the most number of national parks with9,541 hectares followed by Batangas with 8,537hectares. Laguna accounts only for 2,754 hectaresof national parks while Cavite and Rizal did not haveany data. It is also noticeable that among the threeprovinces data on forest reserve, Quezon provinceaccounts for the most number with 72,606 hectares.The province also has the most number ofunclassified lands with 6,887 hectares.


Figure 2.2

40091311119Total

1,2424014Lucena CityQuezon

1871314Pasig CityRizal

1,0783134BatangasCityBatangas

6742734Sta. CruzLaguna

8282033TreceMartirezCity

Cavite

BarangaysMunici-palitiesCities

Congres-sional

Districts

Number2/

Provincial CapitalProvince

40091311119Total

1,2424014Lucena CityQuezon

1871314Pasig CityRizal

1,0783134BatangasCityBatangas

6742734Sta. CruzLaguna

8282033TreceMartirezCity

Cavite

BarangaysMunici-palitiesCities

Congres-sional

Districts

Number2/

Provincial CapitalProvince

Table A.1.1Political Subdivisions

CALABARZON, 2000

Table 2.1

44444

1.3 Topography

The region has one of the most variedlandforms in the country, consisting of flat coastalarea, upland interior areas of slightly moderaterolling or undulating plains and hills, and mountains.

BATANGAS

Topography: Located at thesouthwestern part of Luzon; Batangas’ terrain

portion at the boundary of Batangas where DosPicos mountains are located. The province hastwo principal rivers and two mountains.

Boundaries: Northeast-NCR and Laguna;Southwest-Batangas; West- South China Sea;Northwest-Manila Bay.

LAGUNA

Topography: Situated at the southern end of

67,00363,889130,892Rizal

396,221474,439870,660Quezon

41,253134,720175,973Laguna

21,022107,733128,755Cavite

48,821267,760316,581Batangas

574,3201,048,5411,622,861Region IV-A

Forest Lands

Certified A & DTotal AreaProvince

67,00363,889130,892Rizal

396,221474,439870,660Quezon

41,253134,720175,973Laguna

21,022107,733128,755Cavite

48,821267,760316,581Batangas

574,3201,048,5411,622,861Region IV-A

Forest Lands

Certified A & DTotal AreaProvince

SOURCE: Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Table A.1.2Land Classification by Province (In hectares)

CALABARZON, 2002

56443,85722,58267,00367,003Rizal

1,438289,541305,72172,606389,3346,887396,221Quezon

2742,75434,5883,63741,25341,253Laguna

2,79914,07616,8754,14721,022Cavite

319518,53734,13743,0445,77748,821Batangas

1,757283,68820,832432,37998,825557,50916,811574,320Region IV-A

Fish Pond

Civil Reser-vation

Military & Naval

Reservation

National Parks

GRBS/ WA

Established Timberland

Forest ReserveTotalUnclassifiedTotalProvince

56443,85722,58267,00367,003Rizal

1,438289,541305,72172,606389,3346,887396,221Quezon

2742,75434,5883,63741,25341,253Laguna

2,79914,07616,8754,14721,022Cavite

319518,53734,13743,0445,77748,821Batangas

1,757283,68820,832432,37998,825557,50916,811574,320Region IV-A

Fish Pond

Civil Reser-vation

Military & Naval

Reservation

National Parks

GRBS/ WA

Established Timberland

Forest ReserveTotalUnclassifiedTotalProvince


Table A.1.3Forest Land Classification (In hectares)

CALABARZON, 2002

1. Physical Characteristic

Table 2.3

Table 2.2is mostly elevated lands; rolling hills, smalllow flat lands with scattered mountainousareas. The province has seven principal riversand five mountains.

Boundaries: North-Cavite; South-VerdeIsland Passage; East-Laguna and Quezon; West-South China Sea.

CAVITE

Topography: Situated at the entrance of ManilaBay; Cavite is characterized by rollinghinterlands punctuated by hills; shorelandfronting Manila Bay at sea level; and rugged

55555

the province of Rizal, Laguna is an inlandprovince though not totally landlocked, as mostof its northwestern portion is along Laguna deBay while the hinterlands of the Sierra MadreMountain ranges from level to steep. The area’shighest peak is Mount Makiling. The provincehas seven principal rivers and ten mountains.

Boundaries: North-Laguna de Bay;South-Batangas; East-Quezon; West- Batangasand Cavite.

QUEZON

Topography: Located along the eastern portionof the Luzon seacoast, Quezon has a ruggedterrain with few plains, valleys and swamps.Only narrow strips of land along the coast andriver valleys are available for growing crops.The undulating lowlands along the coast arewell drained. The Sierra Madre range runs alongthe entire length of the province. MountBanahaw towering with 2,169 meters abovesea level is the most prominent peak of therange.

The province is very narrow, averaging about30 kilometers in its width, small coastallowlands rimmed by rugged highlands in theinteriors. There are also several islands, whichare part of the province. The largest amongthe islands is Polillo Island. The province hasfive principal rivers and 26 mountains.

Boundaries: North-Aurora and Bulacan;Southeast-Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur;East-Philippine Sea and South Tayabas Bay;West- Batangas, Laguna and Rizal

RIZAL

Topography: Situated at the Northernpart of Luzon, Rizal province surrounds

Metropolitan Manila. It has undulating hills anda few rugged slopes that make-up the southernfoothills of the Sierra Madre ranges. Easternportion is composed of gently rolling hillsbroken only a few ridges; western part is lowand flat.

The province has two principal rivers and 36mountains.

Boundaries: North-Bulacan; South-Laguna de Bay; East-Quezon; West- NCR.

1.4 Slope

Slope is one of the most important landcharacteristics being considered in land usesuitability evaluation. Slope controls the directionand often the quantity of surface drainage (or run-off) and influences soil erosion susceptibility andrainfall infiltration into the soil. It also determinesthe ultimate use of the land.

Lands with 0-18 percent slope are best suitedfor agricultural use, urban and rural settlements,industrial, institutional and infrastructuredevelopment. Those areas with 9-50 percent slopeare suited to perennial crops, pasture and agro-forestry; and those areas with slope gradient of morethan 50 percent are solely for forest development.

The region has a 59.73 percent land area withslopes ranging from 0-18. This presents opportunityfor agricultural use, urban and rural settlements,industrial, and institutional and infrastructuredevelopment. Slope distribution by province ispresented in Table 2.4 and Figure 2.3.

The province of Quezon provides moreopportunity for agriculture and agri-industrial-related production activities and for settlementpurposes, and the province of Rizal provides the leastopportunity.


66666

1.5 Soil Physiography And Soil Suitability

There are three types of soil commonly foundin the region. These are: (a) clay (clay loam, loamand sandy loam); (b) fine sandy loam (silt loam,adobe and sandy clay loam); and (c) the soil of freshwater marshes, hydorosol found around the Lagunalakeshores. Approximately two-third of the total landarea is characterized by well-drained, deep, lowfertility acid soils, considered best for root cropsand agro-forestry.

In most part of Batangas, Cavite, including theWestern part of Rizal and Laguna, the types of soilrange from sandy loam to clay, loam generally suited

to upland crops (i.e. upland rice, corn, vegetableand fruit orchards). In the lower areas of these prov-inces, the soil is of clay loam type with fine sandymaterials good for rice farming. In Laguna, the hy-drosol type plus clay loam type soil with fine sandymaterials found in the lakeshore has given rise tofairly homogenous lowland rice farming pattern inthe province.

Soil types in the upland plains of Quezon andLaguna are characterized by the clay, clay loamand sandy loam suited to coconut agricultural pat-terns.


Source: ALMED, Bureau of Soils and Water Management

870,660210,940139,02616,314289,04473,360141,976Quezon

175,97324,61618,65810,55850,48724,46047,194Laguna

128,75517,5866,1547,64440,33030,43826,603Cavite

316,58187,65417,75012,810118,49054,62425,253Batangas

1,622,861390,396215,53847,658531,583189,330248,356CALABARZON

130,89249,60033,95033233,2326,4487,330Rizal

10024.0613.282.9432.7611.6715.30Percent to total land area

Very steep hills and

mountains(>50 %)

Steep hills and mts.(30-50 %)

Strongly sloping to moderatel

y steep(18-30 %)

Moderately sloping to

rolling(8-18 %)

Gently sloping to undulating

(3-8 %)

Level to nearly level

(0-3 %)

Total

Slope range (%)

Province

870,660210,940139,02616,314289,04473,360141,976Quezon

175,97324,61618,65810,55850,48724,46047,194Laguna

128,75517,5866,1547,64440,33030,43826,603Cavite

316,58187,65417,75012,810118,49054,62425,253Batangas

1,622,861390,396215,53847,658531,583189,330248,356CALABARZON

130,89249,60033,95033233,2326,4487,330Rizal

10024.0613.282.9432.7611.6715.30Percent to total land area

Very steep hills and

mountains(>50 %)

Steep hills and mts.(30-50 %)

Strongly sloping to moderatel

y steep(18-30 %)

Moderately sloping to

rolling(8-18 %)

Gently sloping to undulating

(3-8 %)

Level to nearly level

(0-3 %)

Total

Slope range (%)

Province

Table A.1.4Distribution of Slope Range (Area in hectares)

CALABARZON, 2000

Table 2.4

77777


2.3

88888


2.4

99999

1.6 Rock type and their distribution

Different kind of rocks can be found in the Region (Table 2.5). Among these are quarts, limestone,sandstone, granite and volcanic rocks.


1.7 Climate

Based on the data gathered and analyzed from

SOURCE: Bureau of Mines and Geo-Sciences

Metavolcanic, diorite, sedimentary Rocks and limestoneThe whole areaRizal

Limestone, diorite, andesiteBondoc Peninsula, Polillo Island and other parts of Quezon

Quezon

Alluruim conglomerate sandstone, Tuffite, andesite basalt and volcanic Breccia

Southern shores of Laguna de Bay, Western side of Mount Makiling, Nagcarlan and Mt. Lagula

Laguna

Volcanic materials, tuff, cinders, Basalt, breccia, agglomerate and interbeddings of shales and sandstones

Greatest part of CaviteCavite

Andesite, limestone, agglomerate Tuff, alluruim, quartz-diorite, Metavolcanics and metasediments

Greatest part of BatangasBatangas

Rock TypeLocation/DistributionProvince

Metavolcanic, diorite, sedimentary Rocks and limestoneThe whole areaRizal

Limestone, diorite, andesiteBondoc Peninsula, Polillo Island and other parts of Quezon

Quezon

Alluruim conglomerate sandstone, Tuffite, andesite basalt and volcanic Breccia

Southern shores of Laguna de Bay, Western side of Mount Makiling, Nagcarlan and Mt. Lagula

Laguna

Volcanic materials, tuff, cinders, Basalt, breccia, agglomerate and interbeddings of shales and sandstones

Greatest part of CaviteCavite

Andesite, limestone, agglomerate Tuff, alluruim, quartz-diorite, Metavolcanics and metasediments

Greatest part of BatangasBatangas

Rock TypeLocation/DistributionProvince

Table 2.5Distribution of Rocks by Type and by Province

CALABARZON, 1998

the thirteen (13) of the Philippine Atmospheric,Geo-physical & Astronomical Services Administra-tion (PAGASA) climatological stations all over theregion, CALABARZON has four types of climate,namely:

Figure 2.4 shows the Climatic type of the re-gion while Table 2.6 shows the Climatic Type,amount of Rainfall, Temperature and Relative Hu-midity by province.

The general climate condition in the regionpromotes agricultural activities except for someareas in Quezon, particularly for Polillo Island,which is classified as Type II. Most parts of Quezonis conducive to farming. However, despite having alarge land area that can be devoted for agricul-tural activities, Quezon’s terrain is almost equallymountainous and sloping. Some areas in Rizal couldalso be promoted for agricultural use. However,Rizal is similar to Quezon as most of its areas aremountainous and sloping.

Characterized by an even distribution of rainfall throughout the year, covering the central part of Quezon, including the islands of Alabat.

Type IV

Characterized by a relatively dry season from January to April and wet during the rest of the year. The areas covered by this type of climate are the eastern part of Batangas, Laguna and Rizal.

Type III

Characterized by a very pronounced maximum rainy period from November to January, with no distinct dry season. The areas covered by this type of climate are the easternmost part of Quezon province including the Polillo group of islands. The mean annual rainfall received by these areas exceeds 3,500 millimeters.

Type II

Characterized by a distinct dry season from November to April and wet season during the rest of the year. This type of climate covers the whole provinces of Cavite and Batangas, western parts of Laguna and Rizal.

Type I

Characterized by an even distribution of rainfall throughout the year, covering the central part of Quezon, including the islands of Alabat.

Type IV

Characterized by a relatively dry season from January to April and wet during the rest of the year. The areas covered by this type of climate are the eastern part of Batangas, Laguna and Rizal.

Type III

Characterized by a very pronounced maximum rainy period from November to January, with no distinct dry season. The areas covered by this type of climate are the easternmost part of Quezon province including the Polillo group of islands. The mean annual rainfall received by these areas exceeds 3,500 millimeters.

Type II

Characterized by a distinct dry season from November to April and wet season during the rest of the year. This type of climate covers the whole provinces of Cavite and Batangas, western parts of Laguna and Rizal.

Type I

1010101010

1.8 Water Resources

There are nine lakes in the region, seven ofwhich are found in San Pablo City, Laguna. The sevenlakes in San Pablo City are Bunot, Calibato, Mohicap,Palakpakin, Pandin, Sampalok, and Yambu. Close to12 percent of the total lake area of the seven lakesis utilized for aquaculture. The two other major lakesare Laguna Lake and Taal Lake (Figure 2.5).

There are also bays found in the region whichare: Manila Bay which covers Rizal and Cavite andshared with NCR, Balayan and adjacent Bay whichis found in Batangas and composed of 12 munici-palities, Laguna de Bay which is found in Lagunaand covers some areas of Rizal, and Tayabas Bay

27.0919.335.52587.2891

Type I – The Western part of the province has distinct dry and wet seasons, the first from December to April and latter from May to November. The eastern portion has rainfall evenly distributed throughout the year. The mild and pleasant climate of the province is due to the breeze coming from Manila Bay and Laguna Lake with the cooling effect of the green hills and mountains. The Sierra Madre ranges protect it from strong typhoons from the Pacific

Rizal

The climate affecting 80% of the province belongs to the type no. II, while the rest of the province belongs to type IV

Quezon

Type III – no distinct dry season

Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearLaguna


2820.336.91616.6401.6Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearCavite


2818.5371523.5317.6Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearBatangas

MeanMinMaxMeanMinMax

TemperatureRainfallType of ClimateProvince

27.0919.335.52587.2891

Type I – The Western part of the province has distinct dry and wet seasons, the first from December to April and latter from May to November. The eastern portion has rainfall evenly distributed throughout the year. The mild and pleasant climate of the province is due to the breeze coming from Manila Bay and Laguna Lake with the cooling effect of the green hills and mountains. The Sierra Madre ranges protect it from strong typhoons from the Pacific

Rizal

The climate affecting 80% of the province belongs to the type no. II, while the rest of the province belongs to type IV

Quezon


Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearLaguna


2820.336.91616.6401.6Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearCavite


2818.5371523.5317.6Type I – two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the yearBatangas

MeanMinMaxMeanMinMax

TemperatureRainfallType of ClimateProvince

Source: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

Table A.1.6Climatic Type, Rainfall, Temperature and Relative Humidity, by Province

CALABARZON, 2000


and Lamon Bay which is found in Quezon. Largeamount of underground waters are found in the flatareas around Laguna de Bay.

1.9 Mineral Resources

CALABARZON has a variety of mineral re-sources, both metallic and non-metallic. Among themetallic minerals found in the region are gold, cop-per, chromite (both the refractory and metallurgi-cal types), iron, manganese, and nickel. Non-me-tallic minerals present in the region are andesite,basalt, clay, gravel and sand, marble, limestone,

Table 2.6

1111111111


2.5

CALABARZON RegionMAP OF LAKES

1212121212

2.6

DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE AND INACTIVE

CALABARZON RegionVOLCANOES

1313131313


clay, feldspar, silica sand, and rock aggregates.

Gold, copper, iron, nickel and manganese canbe found in the provinces of Quezon, Batangas andRizal. Mineral resources in the province of Caviteare concentrated mostly in the coastal municipali-ties. In Rizal, mineral resources are concentrated inAntipolo, Rodriguez, and Tanay. In Batangas, Lagunaand Quezon, mineral resources are spread through-out the province.

1.10 Volcanoes

There are three volcanoes found in the re-gion, namely: Mt. Banahaw (located between theprovinces of Laguna and Quezon), Mount Makiling(found in Laguna) and Taal Volcano (in Batangas).(Figure 2.6)

Table 2.7 provides a detailed description aboutthe principal volcanoes.

SOURCE: Philippine Volcanology Station

As of 1984, Taal volcano has had 34 recorded eruptions since its earlier outburst in 1572

1730Known Eruptions

Mainly phreatic to phreatomagmatic; rarely stromobolian (first recorded in 1968)

SolfataricCentral Crater EruptionType of Activity

Olivine-Basalt, AndesiteBasalt, Andesite, DaciteAndesiteMain Rock Type

295 M960 nHeight of Edifice

400 meters asl.1090 meters asl.2169 meters asl.Height from the sea

121 59.6’E121 11.0’E121 29.0’ELongitude

14 00.1’N14 08.0’N14 04.0’NLatitude

Strato-volcanoStrato-volcanoStrato-volcano, complexType of Volcano

ActiveInactive, solfatericActiveStatus

BatangasLagunaLaguna and QuezonProvince

TaalMt. MakilingMt. BanahawClassification

As of 1984, Taal volcano has had 34 recorded eruptions since its earlier outburst in 1572

1730Known Eruptions

Mainly phreatic to phreatomagmatic; rarely stromobolian (first recorded in 1968)

SolfataricCentral Crater EruptionType of Activity

Olivine-Basalt, AndesiteBasalt, Andesite, DaciteAndesiteMain Rock Type

295 M960 nHeight of Edifice

400 meters asl.1090 meters asl.2169 meters asl.Height from the sea

121 59.6’E121 11.0’E121 29.0’ELongitude

14 00.1’N14 08.0’N14 04.0’NLatitude

Strato-volcanoStrato-volcanoStrato-volcano, complexType of Volcano

ActiveInactive, solfatericActiveStatus

BatangasLagunaLaguna and QuezonProvince

TaalMt. MakilingMt. BanahawClassification

Table A.1.7Main Features of Principal Volcanoes

CALABARZON, 1998

Table 2.7

1414141414

Production andProtection LandUse2

2.1 Production Land Use

2.1.1 Agricultural Land

Agricultural land is defined as lands devotedto or suitable for agricultural activities such as cul-tivation of the soil, planting of crops, growing offruit trees, livestock and poultry raising, and fisher-ies and aquaculture development. Croplands,pasturelands and fishing grounds comprise theseagricultural lands.

a. Existing Agricultural Land Use inthe NPAAAD

All agricultural lands have been mappedand classified by the DA-BSWM into a Networkof Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Development (NPAAAD). Landswithin this category are highly suitable foragriculture and agro-industrial productionactivities. For CALABARZON, about 41 percentor 669,715 hectares of the region’s total land

Table 2.8Total Land Area, Certified A & D and NPAAD Areas by Province

CALABARZON, 1998 & 2002

-10.984.43%0.17%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

10030.29491,5361,036,9391988 (Has.)10041.27669,7151,048,5411,622,861CALABARZON

-1.28-9.6511.12%0%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

2.298.5911,24663,8891988 (Has.)3.5718.2423,88063,889130,892Rizal

2.76-9.153.68%0.07%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

55.0831.10270,746472,3611988 (Has.)52.3240.25350,405474,439870,660Quezon


9.9827.8649,032134,7201988 (Has.)14.5255.2797,255134,720175,973Laguna

-1.30-18.346.57%1.04%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

8.3631.9041,075100,5501988 (Has.)9.6650.2464,690107,733128,755Cavite


24.3037.73119,437265,4191988 (Has.)19.9342.16133,485267,760316,581Batangas: 2000 (Has.)

Percentage Share of NPAAD Areas by

Province

Percentage NPAAD Areas by Province

Agricultural Lands/ NPAAAD

Certified Alienable & Disposable Land Total Land Area Province

-10.984.43%0.17%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

10030.29491,5361,036,9391988 (Has.)10041.27669,7151,048,5411,622,861CALABARZON


2.298.5911,24663,8891988 (Has.)3.5718.2423,88063,889130,892Rizal


55.0831.10270,746472,3611988 (Has.)52.3240.25350,405474,439870,660Quezon


9.9827.8649,032134,7201988 (Has.)14.5255.2797,255134,720175,973Laguna

-1.30-18.346.57%1.04%Growth Rate, 1998-2002/ Percentage Points Diff.

8.3631.9041,075100,5501988 (Has.)9.6650.2464,690107,733128,755Cavite


24.3037.73119,437265,4191988 (Has.)19.9342.16133,485267,760316,581Batangas: 2000 (Has.)

Percentage Share of NPAAD Areas by

Province

Percentage NPAAD Areas by Province

Agricultural Lands/ NPAAAD

Certified Alienable & Disposable Land Total Land Area Province

SOURCE: PENRO Report, 1988, * 2002 ENR Information and Statistics, **SAFDZ Handbook, DA-BSWM, 2001

1515151515

area of 1.6 million hectares comprise theNPAAAD or agricultural lands, as of 2002.

More than half of Laguna’s total landarea or 55.3 percent is classified as NPAADareas a stark contrast with Rizal which has18 percent. On the distribution of NPAAD areasby province, more than half or 52 percent ofthese lands are located in Quezon, 20 percentin Batangas, 15 percent in Laguna and theremaining 13 percent is shared by Rizal andCavite provinces.

Between 1987 and 2002, aggregate areafor agricultural lands in the region increasedby 4 percent from 491,536 hectares to669,715 hectares. In contrast, the A & Dincreased only by 0.17 percent during thesame period. Rizal registered the highestincrease of agricultural lands at 11 percentwhile Batangas had the least at 1.6 percent.

The increase in A & D for cultivation ispartly attributed to the programs ofDepartment of Environment and NaturalResources (DENR) and Department of AgrarianReform (DAR). During this period, anestimated 38,796 hectares of alienable anddisposable (A&D) lands were opened up forcultivation and were released by the DENRfor distribution to farmer beneficiaries underthe Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program(CARP) of the government particularly inBatangas, Quezon and Cavite. Under the sameprogram, the DAR also was able to redistributea total of 132,294 hectares of agriculturallands.

DAR and DENR are the frontlinegovernment agencies tasked with theacquisition and distribution of agriculturalland the flagship program for agrarian reform,the CARP.

In addition, an increasing hectarage ofland was made available for agriculturalproduction activities through the government’scomprehensive agrarian reform program orCARP. Under the CARP, the government was ableto distribute a cumulative 116,695 hectares ofagricultural lands to agrarian reformbeneficiaries in the region from the period 1988to 2001. However, the conversion of agriculturalland to other uses is a common occurrence insome provinces of the region which areconsidered as producers of major agriculturalcommodities such as corn, coconut, swine andpoultry, among others.

The expansion of industrial activitiesbeginning late 1980s and the consequentmovement of population from rural areastowards the urban centers of the region arewidely seen to have influenced the increasingland requirements for settlement, industrialand commercial areas, particularly in theprovinces of Batangas, Laguna, Rizal andCavite. Hence, the incidence of agriculturalland converted to residential, industrial andcommercial use is relatively high in theseprovinces.


Table 2.9A & D and Agricultural Lands Distributed by

Province and AgencyCALABARZON, 1987 – 2004*

* Status of re/distribution as of August 2004 for DAR and September 2004 for DENR

SOURCE of basic data: DAR Region IV-A and DENR IV-A LMS-LMD

170,862.64132,29438,795.31CALABARZON

15,026.5213,7871,239Rizal

99,691.3072,77126,920Quezon

14,196.8711,7162,480Laguna

10,027.106,5993,428Cavite

31,920.8427,4214,499Batangas

TotalDARDENRProvince

170,862.64132,29438,795.31CALABARZON

15,026.5213,7871,239Rizal

99,691.3072,77126,920Quezon

14,196.8711,7162,480Laguna

10,027.106,5993,428Cavite

31,920.8427,4214,499Batangas

TotalDARDENRProvince

1616161616

In a span of fifteen years from 1984 to1999, more than 12,000 hectares ofagricultural lands were converted mostly forresidential purposes indicating a quickeningpace of growth in the region’s urban andindustrial centers (Table 2.10).

The principal agricultural land usein CALABARZON is basically devoted tocrop production, utilizing close to 99percent or about 663, 823 hectares of itstotal agricultural land. About half of thisarea is located in Quezon province whileRizal has the lowest percentage share ofthe total cropland at only 3.6 percent.

Coconut is planted in more than onehalf or 376,760 hectares of the totalcropland area, while rootcrops use theleast area of 0.21 percent. The total landarea used to produce palay in the regionis 19.67 percent or 130,597 hectares,while corn, mostly grown as feed for theregion’s hog and poultry industry utilized

about 3.6 percent. Production of fruit crops/trees in the region utilizes 52,211 hectares or7.87 percent, pasture lands use 3.46 percentor hectares, and vegetables use 0.28 percentor 1,880 hectares of total cropland (Figure2.7).

2. Production and Protection Land Use

Table 2.10Status of Land Conversion


SOURCE of Basic Data: DAR CLUPPI

Note:• Categories for commercial, industrial and residential includes mix and related use.

Residential category includes resettlement and socialized housing.• Others category includes agriculture, aquaculture, eco-tourism, memorial parks and

SHOPC

12.5260.8418.218.4312,607.3080Total2.3168.711.2427.73961.6671Rizal

31.2660.570.477.70532.9240Quezon3.8350.6731.4114.092,325.3478Laguna

21.4657.8418.841.864,081.9611Cavite9.0366.9016.617.474,705.4080Batangas

OthersResidentialIndustrialCommercial

Distribution of Agricultural Lands Converted to Other Use by Major Category (%)

Agricultural Land Converted

(ha)Province

12.5260.8418.218.4312,607.3080Total2.3168.711.2427.73961.6671Rizal

31.2660.570.477.70532.9240Quezon3.8350.6731.4114.092,325.3478Laguna

21.4657.8418.841.864,081.9611Cavite9.0366.9016.617.474,705.4080Batangas

OthersResidentialIndustrialCommercial

Distribution of Agricultural Lands Converted to Other Use by Major Category (%)

Agricultural Land Converted

(ha)Province

1,412 has. (0.2 %)

1,880 has. (0.3 %)

8,921 has. (1.3 %)

10,610 has. (1.6 %)

15,192 has. (2.3 %)

19,638 has. (3.0 %)

22,959 has. (3.5 %)

23,643 has (3.6 %)

52,211 has. (7.9 %)

130,597 has (19.7 %)

376,760 has.(56.8 %)

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

Rootcrops

Vegetables

Diversif ied Crops

Coffee

Sugarcane

Banana

Pasture Land

Corn

Fruit Crops/Mixed Fruit Trees

Palay

Coconut

Figure 2.7Agricultural Croplands by Major Crop

CALABARZON, 1998

Source of basic data:SAFDZ Handbook, BSWM; ST MTADP, DA RFU4

1717171717

Table 2.11 shows thedistribution and utilization ofcroplands for the production ofspecific major agricultural cropsby province. The data show thatmost of the region’s productiveagricultural lands are alreadyfully utilized (Table 2.12) TotalAgricultural Lands/NPAAD, TotalCroplands and utilization Rate byProvince, CALABARZON, 2002).

Batangas and Caviteprovinces have surpassed theircapacity levels indicating that crop productionactivities may already be utilizing marginallands and even upland areas. On the otherhand, Laguna province has at least 12 percentof cropland not yet fully utilized.

b. Distribution of the SAFDZ

Within the NPAAAD, lands were furtherdelineated and categorized into their bestclasses and have been placed under the

Strategic Agriculture and FisheriesDevelopment Zones (SAFDZ) intended mainlyfor agriculture and agri-industrial relatedproduction activities. For CALABARZON,agricultural lands comprising the SAFDZaccount for almost 60 percent or 401,304hectares of the total agricultural land area(NAPAAD areas) of the region (Table 2.13 andFigure 2.8). The proportion of SAFDZ areas vis-à-vis the total NAPAAD areas vary significantlyby region with Quezon recording the lowest


Table 2.11Croplands by Major Crops and Province

CALABARZON, 2001

SOURCE of Basic Data: SAFDZ Handbook, BSWM; ST MTADP, DA RFU4

1003.649.612.912.721.3663,823Total Croplands1000.00.00.0100.00.01,412Rootcrops1000.00.0100.00.00.01,880Vegetables1000.0100.00.00.00.08,921Diversified Crops1000.050.80.244.34.710,610Coffee1000.00.00.075.924.115,192Sugarcane1005.075.30.014.65.019,638Banana10023.962.91.45.36.522,959Pasture Land1000.169.00.012.318.623,643Corn

10017.23.110.918.050.852,211Fruit Crops/Mixed Fruit Trees

1004.728.617.017.632.1130,597Palay1000.561.114.87.216.4376,760Coconut

TotalRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangasPercentage Distribution of Cropland by ProvinceTotal Croplands

(Has.)Major Crops

1003.649.612.912.721.3663,823Total Croplands1000.00.00.0100.00.01,412Rootcrops1000.00.0100.00.00.01,880Vegetables1000.0100.00.00.00.08,921Diversified Crops1000.050.80.244.34.710,610Coffee1000.00.00.075.924.115,192Sugarcane1005.075.30.014.65.019,638Banana10023.962.91.45.36.522,959Pasture Land1000.169.00.012.318.623,643Corn

10017.23.110.918.050.852,211Fruit Crops/Mixed Fruit Trees

1004.728.617.017.632.1130,597Palay1000.561.114.87.216.4376,760Coconut

TotalRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangasPercentage Distribution of Cropland by ProvinceTotal Croplands

(Has.)Major Crops

Table 2.12Total Agricultural Lands / NPAAD, Total Croplands and

Utilization Rate by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2002

* Total Cropland (Ha) / Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAAD

99100663,823669,715CALABARZON993.623,63523,880Rizal9449.6328,991350,405Quezon8812.985,65897,255Laguna

13012.784,13464,690Cavite10621.3141,405133,485Batangas

Percentage ShareHectares

Utilization Rate (%)*

Total CroplandsTotal Agricultural

Lands/NPAAAD (Has.)

Provinces

* Total Cropland (Ha) / Total Agricultural Lands/NPAAAD

99100663,823669,715CALABARZON993.623,63523,880Rizal9449.6328,991350,405Quezon8812.985,65897,255Laguna

13012.784,13464,690Cavite10621.3141,405133,485Batangas

Percentage ShareHectares

Utilization Rate (%)*

Total CroplandsTotal Agricultural

Lands/NPAAAD (Has.)

Provinces

1818181818

proportion at 31 percent and Laguna withalmost all or 98 percent of its NAPAAD areasare also classified as SAFDZ.

Eighty-one percent of the total primeagricultural lands in the SAFDZs can be foundin the provinces of Batangas, Quezon andLaguna. Cavite and Rizal account only for 19percent of the total SAFDZ area of the region.Specifically, Rizal has the lowest percentageshare with only 5.5 percent.

On the remaining NAPAAD areas, Quezonprovince has the biggest share, (242,945hectares) comprising 90.5 percent of theregion’s total. Laguna and Rizal recorded lessthan one percent. Almost all of the NAPAADareas of the two provinces are classified asSAFDZ areas.

Remaining NPAAAD lands are intended forfuture expansion of agricultural productionactivities. Intensification/Expansion ofagricultural production activities in the regiontherefore can be focused in these areas. Itshall be noted, however, cropland areas ismuch bigger than the SAFDZ areas indicatingthat the remaining NAPAAD lands are almostutilized.

2.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production Areas

Under the SAFDZ, 4.7 percent or 18,844hectares are used for livestock and poultryproduction activities. For 2002, based on aninventory of 20.34 million heads of swine,poultry, ducks, goat, cattle and carabao, thetotal area utilized and required for thispurpose was estimated to total 1,163hectares. Chicken poultry inventory had thebiggest share in total inventory of about 85percent and swine inventory of 8 percent;occupy 44 percent and 40 percentrespectively of the total land area.


1919191919


2.8

2020202020

2.1.3 Fishery Resources

a. Major Fishing Grounds

The region is rich in marineresources. It has nine identified fishingareas, namely: Manilay Bay, Balayan Bay,Batangas Bay, Batangas Coast, VerdeIsland Passage, Tayabas Bay, b.Ragay Gulf, Labat Sound and Lamon Bay.

b. Municipal Fishing

Municipal fishery activities aretraditionally centered in Rizal becauseof the Laguna Lake, particularly on itsnortheastern shore bordered by themunicipalities of Binangonan, Morong, Baras,Tanay, Pilillia and Jala-jala. The average shareof municipal fishery harvest in this provinceconstitutes more than half of the totalmunicipal fishery output in the region (Figure2.9).

Other municipal fishing activitiesconcentrate along Quezon’s southeastern coastof Tayabas Bay and Ragay Gulf particularly inthe coastal towns of Sariaya and Pagbilao, andthe coastal towns of Pitogo, Gen. Luna, Unisan,Macalelon, San Francisco and San Andres in the

Bondoc Peninsula. These coastal towns havesignificant numbers of municipal fisherfolkpopulation, including the province’s northerncoastal towns of Infanta and Real. In Batangasprovince, major municipal waters utilized forfishing are the Balayan and Batangas bays, andTaal Lake.

The region’s coastal and inland waterscomprise the municipal waters, covering 95municipalities and 879 coastal barangays.

c. Municipal Fisherfolks

The region has an estimated totalmunicipal fisherfolks population of 73,071.Most municipal fisherfolks are considered poorand directly depend on municipal fisheryactivities for their livelihood. Ninety percentof the municipal fisherfolks can be found inthe provinces of Quezon, Rizal and Batangas.Quezon hosts the most number of fisherfolksin the region with about 45 percent of totalmunicipal fisherfolks. These are concentratedin the province’s southern tip of the BondocPeninsula and REINA (Real, Infanta and GeneralNakar) municipalities.


Table 2.15Fishery ResourcesCALABARZON, 1998

QuezonLamon BayQuezonLabat SoundQuezonRagay Gulf

Indian Mackerel (Alumahan)QuezonTayabas BayThreadfin Bream (Bisugo)BatangasVerde Island PassageGrouper (Lapu-lapu)BatangasBatangas CoastAnchovies (Dilis)BatangasBatangas BaySlipmouth (Sapsap)BatangasBalayan Bay

Roundscad (Galunggong)Frigate Tuna (Tulingan)

Cavite/ BataanManila Bay

Dominant Marine SpeciesLocationMajor Fishing Grounds

QuezonLamon BayQuezonLabat SoundQuezonRagay Gulf

Indian Mackerel (Alumahan)QuezonTayabas BayThreadfin Bream (Bisugo)BatangasVerde Island PassageGrouper (Lapu-lapu)BatangasBatangas CoastAnchovies (Dilis)BatangasBatangas BaySlipmouth (Sapsap)BatangasBalayan Bay

Roundscad (Galunggong)Frigate Tuna (Tulingan)

Cavite/ BataanManila Bay

Dominant Marine SpeciesLocationMajor Fishing Grounds

SOURCE: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics

Figure 2.9Distribution of Municipal Fishery Production

by Province (in MT)CALABARZON, 2000-2003

Cavite1%

Laguna12%

Batangas14%

Rizal52%

Quezon21%

2121212121

2.1.4 Highlight of Agricultural Performanceand Food Sufficiency

a. Crops, Livestock and Poultry

As an important economic sector of theregion, the agriculture sector is composed ofthree major production subsectors; crops,livestock and poultry, and fishery.

The combined production value of thesethree subsectors in 2003 was estimated at 27billion pesos (at constant prices). The livestockand poultry subsector contributed half of thistotal, while fishery and crops subsectorscontributed 27 percent and 22 percent,respectively.

In 2003, the production value ofagricultural crops reached an estimated 6billion pesos (at constant prices). The volumesof production in the crops subsector weredominated by sugarcane, coconut, palay,banana, mango, pineapple, rootcrops andcorn.

CALABARZON isone of the leadingproducers of swine,chicken and chickeneggs in the country. In2003, data showedthat about 13 percentof total hog inventoryin the country, 24percent of totalchicken, and 28percent of total eggswas contributed by theregion. Compared tothe country’s majorproducing regions,CALABARZON places

second to Region III in hog and chickeninventory and first in egg production. Overallthe value of the livestock and poultrysubsector in the region is estimated at 13billion pesos in constant prices.

b. Fishery Production Performance

CALABARZON region ranks fifth amongthe country’s major fishery producing regionsled by ARMM in 2003. During the period 2000-2003, total regional production averages334,945 metric tons with an estimated valueof P 7.6 billion (at constant prices). Amongprovinces, the combined fishery harvests ofRizal and Quezon constitute three fourths ofthe region’s average annual production.

The bulk of fish harvested in the regionis contributed by the municipal fisherysubsector, averaging 40 percent of regionalfishery output, while period 31 percent and29 percent have been contributed byaquaculture and commecial fishery,respectively.


6 ,2 2 3 4 ,4 8 68 ,8 9 1 7,6 6 1

2 7,2 6 1

16 ,52 4 13 ,9 76

19 ,6 6 9 2 1,2 9 2

71,4 6 1

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

(In M

illio

n Pe

sos)

Constant Prices Current Prices

Figure 2.10 Value of Agricultural Production

CALABARZON, 2003

AGRICULTURAL CROPS LIVESTOCK POULTRY FISHERY Total

2222222222

c. Food SufficiencyLevels

CALABARZON is a net importer of majorfood and feed commodities, except carabeef.Rice is among the commodities, which theregion imports at a relatively high quantity.To meet the supply deficit for rice of almost amillion metric tons, it is estimated that morethan two million hectares of land to be devotedto rice production alone.

The supply of grain commodities islargely sourced from the neighboring Mindoroprovinces in the MIMAROPA region, Region III,and Mindanao. Importation from outside thecountry also been resorted regularly to meetthe chronic and irregular supply from domesticsources.

Food supply for carabeef is exceptionally

high considering that per capita consumptionis relatively low due to taste preference andthat current laws restrict/regulate the killingof carabao for meat purposes. On the otherhand, despite being as a major producer ofswine and chicken, including eggs, the regionis also deficit in supply for these foodcommodities. This suggests that production isunable to keep pace with an increasingpopulation, including a relatively high percapita consumption and extraction rate for thisparticular food commodity.

d. Feed Sufficiency

The region’s swine and chicken industrywith an estimated total inventory of 18.88million heads consumes a large amount of corn-based feed to sustain and support commercialproduction. In 2002, an estimated 630,872metric tons of yellow corn was required to

meet industry demand. Localproduction of corn howevercan only supply less than 10percent (or 57,882 metrictons) of total feedrequirement. The balance or90 percent represents theunmet demand or supplydeficit of the industry.

Only Quezon meets theyellow in corn feed demandfor its hog and poultryindustry. This is mainlyattributed to the province’srelatively small poultrypopulation Overall, the regionis only 5 percent sufficient inyellow corn. Utilized as feedmainly for the hog and poultryindustry (Table 2.17).


Table 2.16Sufficiency Levels of Major Food Commodities by Province

CALABARZON, 2002

SOURCE of basic data: NSCB, BAS, FNRI, Soils/Land Resources Evaltn. Project -DA/BSWM

Note: * 2002 Inventory of livestock (beef, carabeef, pork and chicken) in heads; 2002 projected total population for CALABARZON

** 2003 production of eggs in metric tons; 2003 projected total population for CALABARZON

92-5,17961,26956,09056,090Chicken Eggs **

13-66,57676,5569,97917,325,415Chicken *28-87,905122,26434,3591,558,220Pork *

1,48313,00394013,944116,198Carabeef *56-7,60117,1179,516211,476Beef *59-139,719338,577198,858310,715Fish12-321,808366,79144,98352,735Vegetables

1083,09740,34743,445105,529Rootcrops95-14,263263,337249,074386,072Fruits11-52,13958,3106,1727,261Corn/White18-828,9381,006,701177,763377,513Palay

Sufficiency Levels (%)

Surplus / Deficit (Mt)

Total Per Capita

Consumption /Demand (Mt)

Total Available for

Consumption (Mt)

Total Production Supply (Mt)

Commodity

92-5,17961,26956,09056,090Chicken Eggs **

13-66,57676,5569,97917,325,415Chicken *28-87,905122,26434,3591,558,220Pork *

1,48313,00394013,944116,198Carabeef *56-7,60117,1179,516211,476Beef *59-139,719338,577198,858310,715Fish12-321,808366,79144,98352,735Vegetables

1083,09740,34743,445105,529Rootcrops95-14,263263,337249,074386,072Fruits11-52,13958,3106,1727,261Corn/White18-828,9381,006,701177,763377,513Palay

Sufficiency Levels (%)


Total Per Capita

Consumption /Demand (Mt)

Total Available for

Consumption (Mt)

Total Production Supply (Mt)

Commodity

2323232323

2.1.5 Agrarian Reform Areas

a. Land Acquisition and Distribution

Of the total targeted 8.06 millionhectares nationwide, DAR is to distribute 4.29million hectares (53%) while DENR is todistribute 3.77 million (47%). Of these, the twoagencies have distributed a total of 5.44million hectares (57 percent).

DAR has distributed 3.102 millionhectares (72%) to some 1.735 million agrarianbeneficiaries. About 1.646 million hectares areprivate agricultural lands. DENR has distributed2.341 million hectares (62% of its scope) tosome 1.46 million agrarian beneficiaries. Asof December 2000, thetotal remaining area fordistribution under theComprehensive AgrarianReform Program (CARP) is2.62 million hectares. Outof these total, DAR is todistribute 1.19 millionhectares, while DENR is todistribute 1.43 millionhectares.

Of the DAR target of 4.29 millionhectares, CALABARZON’s share has todistribute 160,660 hectares or 4 percent.Quezon and Batangas have account for at 54and 20 percent respectively; Rizal and Laguna,at 12 and 9 percent respectively and Cavitewith the least share at 5 percent.

As of August 2004, 132,294 hectares or82 percent has been distributed out of DAR’starget of 160,660 hectares for the region. Morethan three-fourths of the lands weredistributed in the provinces of Quezon (55%)and Batangas (21%). The remaining balance of30,111 hectares, half of which is in Quezonprovince, is expected to be completed fordistribution by 2010 (Table 2.18).


Table 2.17Yellow Corn Feed Commodity Sufficiency Levels

CALABARZON, 2002

SOURCE of basic data: NSCB, BAS, FNRI, Soils/Land Resources Evaltn. Project -DA/BSWM

948,6454.52-581,991639,87228,94134,048Hog and Poultry218,60917.75-134,116163,05728,94134,048All Poultry

5,24090.00-3,21532,15528,94134,048Native/Improved76,15038.25-46,71875,65828,94134,048Layer Inventory42,87352-26,30255,24328,94134,048Broiler Inventory

730,0356.07-447,875476,81528,94134,048Hog Inventory

Estimated Land Requirement for

Corn Production

(has)

Current Sufficiency Levels (%)


Total Per Capita Consumption / Demand (Mt)

Total Available Corn for

Consumption (Mt)

2002 Total Corn Production Supply (Mt)

Livestock / Poultry

Commodity

948,6454.52-581,991639,87228,94134,048Hog and Poultry218,60917.75-134,116163,05728,94134,048All Poultry

5,24090.00-3,21532,15528,94134,048Native/Improved76,15038.25-46,71875,65828,94134,048Layer Inventory42,87352-26,30255,24328,94134,048Broiler Inventory

730,0356.07-447,875476,81528,94134,048Hog Inventory

Estimated Land Requirement for

Corn Production

(has)

Current Sufficiency Levels (%)


Total Per Capita Consumption / Demand (Mt)

Total Available Corn for

Consumption (Mt)

2002 Total Corn Production Supply (Mt)

Livestock / Poultry

Commodity

Table 2.18Land Acquisition and Distribution Targer by Year (In Has)


SOURCE: DAR IV-A

30,1113,5053,6334,0194,5794,6754,8004,900Total5,348772969969969969300400Rizal

15,7242,0801,9861,9861,9861,9863,0502,650Quezon2,504504600600800Laguna1,820386442442350200Cavite4,715653678678678678500850Batangas

2010200920082007200620052004Total

YearProvince

30,1113,5053,6334,0194,5794,6754,8004,900Total5,348772969969969969300400Rizal

15,7242,0801,9861,9861,9861,9863,0502,650Quezon2,504504600600800Laguna1,820386442442350200Cavite4,715653678678678678500850Batangas

2010200920082007200620052004Total

YearProvince

2424242424


AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIESCALABARZON Region

2.11

2525252525

b. Agrarian ReformCommunities (ARCs)

The Comprehensive AgrarianReform Program (CARP) prescribesthat package of support servicesmust be provided to agrarianreform beneficiaries (ARBs) andtheir communities. Due to limitedresources, the Agrarian ReformCommunity (ARC) approach wasadopted as the geographical focusfor the delivery of supportservices. Support services however,have been invested in non-ARC areasconsidering that most (ARBs) in the region areoutside the ARC coverage. ARCs were furtherexpanded to include ARBs in non-ARC areas.

In 1993, 105 ARCs were launched in allprovinces of the region, covering a total of 75municipalities and 279 barangays. A significantnumber of ARCs launched were mostlyconcentrated in Quezon (Table 2.19 and Figure2.11).

2.1.6 Mineral Resources

a. Metallic Minerals

Metallic mineral resources in theCALABARZON region include gold, copper, iron,nickel and manganese. These minerals canbe found in the provinces of Quezon, Batangasand Rizal (Figure 2.12). Major non-metallicminerals in the region include andesite, basalt,limestone, rock aggregates, gravel and sand,clay, silica sand and marble (Figure 2.13).Mineral resources in the province of Cavite areconcentrated mostly in the coastalmunicipalities. In Rizal, mineral resources

are concentrated in Antipolo, Rodriguez, andTanay. For Batangas, Laguna and Quezon,mineral resources are spread throughout theprovince.

b. Non-Metallic Minerals

In the Southern Tagalog Region, miningand quarrying contributed an average of 0.05%to the regional economy from 1990 to 2000.From 1999 to 2000, 75% of Gross Value Addedin Mining and Quarrying came from theCALABARZON region.

Significant production of non-metallicminerals supports the construction industry.Notable is the increasing production ofaggregates especially in Rizal, limestone inthe provinces of Quezon, Rizal and Batangas.While the construction industry had generallydeclined, there are still on-going projectsthat demand quality construction materials,i.e., aggregates. On the other hand, theproduction of sand and gravel has beendecreasing. Below is the production datafor non-metallic minerals (See details atAppendix Table No.1).


Table 2.19Agrarian Reform Communities Launched

by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2004

SOURCE: DAR IV-A (Data as of August 2004)

27975105Total2466Rizal1443454Quezon

191012Laguna391111Cavite531422Batangas

BarangaysCovered

Municipalities Covered

Total ARCsLaunchedProvince

27975105Total2466Rizal1443454Quezon

191012Laguna391111Cavite531422Batangas

BarangaysCovered

Municipalities Covered

Total ARCsLaunchedProvince

2626262626


2.12

2727272727


2.13

2828282828

c. Mining Permits Issues

The Department of Environment andNatural Resources (DENR) issues mining permitsfor areas covering five hectares and over, whilethe PMRB issues mining permits for areas lessthan five hectares. For the CALABARZONregion, the bulk of existing mining/quarryingpermits and mineral agreements issued by theDENR for non-metallic minerals are in theprovinces of Rizal, Batangas and Quezon (Table2.21). There are only about 20 permitteesgranted rights to operate more than 100hectares each of mineral land. Thirteen ofthese permittees operate in Rizal, specificallyin Antipolo, Tanay, Baras, Rodriguez, andTeresa. In Batangas, five permittees operatein Calatagan, Taysan, Nasugbu and BatangasCity.

Meanwhile, mining permits for metallicminerals in the provinces of Batangas (forcopper, gold and silver) and in the province ofQuezon (for copper) have expired in 2002. InBuenavista, Quezon, an area consisting 4,332hectares has been declared by the PMRB-Quezon on February 10, 2004 as People’s SmallScale Mining Area under RA 7076. Applicationsfor permits by small-scale operators arecurrently being processed. As of March 2004,there are 247 mining tenements under processby the DENR covering an area of 538,745hectares.

2.1.7 Industrial Development Areas

The unique physical location andconfiguration of the CALABARZON regioncontributed to its establishment as one of the


Table 2.20Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production


SOURCE: Summary of Non-Metallic Mineral Production, CY 1998-2002 MGB Region IV-A

22,35628,43410,65024,31341,111(Cu. M.)Stones, Cobbles, Boulders

30,29911,0855,9665,73125,523(Cu. M.)Soil32,54077,997M.T.Silicious Clay

26111,2726,99650,757M.T.Silica96,242297,26475,0709,294M.T.Shale

35225,6802184,9454,355(Cu.M.)Selected Barrow126,540938,802827,1711,179,8101,413,580(Cu.M.)Sand and Gravel

2,783,4332,731,3941,551,3301,090,59935,918(Cu.M.)Limestone86,940107,89785,090159,41155,266(Cu.M.)Filling Materials

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160M.T.Cinder Black28,937,03013,328,78716,050,5038,016,050BagsCement

60,637103,62628,101274(Cu.M.)Cascajo121,72683176,883203,685132,221(Cu.M.)Blasted Rock104,14240,88651,94970,384(Cu.M.)Base Course

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388(Cu.M.)Basalt6001,2001,4402,520(Cu.M.)Ball Clay

3,869,0051,259,932855,4382,023,7191,515,280(Cu.M.)Aggregates20022001200019991998Unit

22,35628,43410,65024,31341,111(Cu. M.)Stones, Cobbles, Boulders

30,29911,0855,9665,73125,523(Cu. M.)Soil32,54077,997M.T.Silicious Clay

26111,2726,99650,757M.T.Silica96,242297,26475,0709,294M.T.Shale

35225,6802184,9454,355(Cu.M.)Selected Barrow126,540938,802827,1711,179,8101,413,580(Cu.M.)Sand and Gravel

2,783,4332,731,3941,551,3301,090,59935,918(Cu.M.)Limestone86,940107,89785,090159,41155,266(Cu.M.)Filling Materials

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160M.T.Cinder Black28,937,03013,328,78716,050,5038,016,050BagsCement

60,637103,62628,101274(Cu.M.)Cascajo121,72683176,883203,685132,221(Cu.M.)Blasted Rock104,14240,88651,94970,384(Cu.M.)Base Course

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388(Cu.M.)Basalt6001,2001,4402,520(Cu.M.)Ball Clay

3,869,0051,259,932855,4382,023,7191,515,280(Cu.M.)Aggregates20022001200019991998Unit

2929292929


Table 2.21Existing Mineral Permitees by Province

CALABARZON, 2003

Source: DENR IV - Directory of Mines and Quarries, CY 2003

4Red ClayGold

1Filling Materials

Small Scale MiningPermit

24Basalt

16LimestoneFilling Materials,Basalt,AndesiteBarrow

4AndesiteBasaltCinder

8AggregatesBasaltAndesiteFilling MaterialsLastillas

14Boulders, BasaltAndesite

Quarry Permit

2Gypsum, Clay

Placer Lease Contract

19Basalt DioriteLimestoneShale, Silica,Basalt, Gold,Base MetalFilling Materials,MarbelizedLimestone

1MarbleBasaltAndesite

1BasaltAndesite

3LimestoneShale, TuffSilica, Andesite,Aggregates

Mineral ProductionSharing Agreement

3Silica,Volcanic ShaleAndesite

3Silica, FeldsparBull Quartz

3BentoniteBasaltWhite Clay

4Silica, PyriteFilling materialsRock PhosphateSilica Sand

Mining Lease Contract

9Commercial Sand and Gravel Permit

265910Industrial Sand andGravel Permit

RizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangasType of PermitNumber of Permits and Commodities

4Red ClayGold

1Filling Materials

Small Scale MiningPermit

24Basalt

16LimestoneFilling Materials,Basalt,AndesiteBarrow

4AndesiteBasaltCinder

8AggregatesBasaltAndesiteFilling MaterialsLastillas

14Boulders, BasaltAndesite

Quarry Permit

2Gypsum, Clay

Placer Lease Contract

19Basalt DioriteLimestoneShale, Silica,Basalt, Gold,Base MetalFilling Materials,MarbelizedLimestone

1MarbleBasaltAndesite

1BasaltAndesite

3LimestoneShale, TuffSilica, Andesite,Aggregates

Mineral ProductionSharing Agreement

3Silica,Volcanic ShaleAndesite

3Silica, FeldsparBull Quartz

3BentoniteBasaltWhite Clay

4Silica, PyriteFilling materialsRock PhosphateSilica Sand

Mining Lease Contract

9Commercial Sand and Gravel Permit

265910Industrial Sand andGravel Permit

RizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangasType of PermitNumber of Permits and Commodities

premier industrial centers in the Philippines.

The Master Plan Study on the ProjectCALABARZON conducted by JICA affirms theregion’s designation as comprising thecountry’s industrial core, with Metro Manilaas the hub of industrial activities.CALABARZON’s proximity to the NationalCapital Region gives the region comparativeaccess to the country’s largest market base interms of available skilled manpowerrequirements, consumer demand, transportaccess and other built-in physical factors.

These physical attributes positioned theregion as a major investment area andconsequently encouraged the development andgrowth of industrial centers.

a. Industrial Center

In the CALABARZON region, a range ofindustrial and manufacturing activities arecommonly found in specific contiguous areascomprising of cities and municipalities. Theseareas currently identified as the region’sindustrial centers are the following: Rizal,

3030303030

Cavite-Laguna and Carmona-Trece Martirezareas, which are contiguous with Metro Manila;Greater Batangas Industrial Center and UplandIndustrial Center composed of Sto. Tomas,Tanauan, Canlubang, San Pablo and Lipa City.

The existence of major road networkstraversing the contiguous municipalities andcities in the Cavite and Laguna area has furtherencouraged the proliferation andconcentration of industry-related activities inthe industrial centers of these provinces. Itshould be noted that most industrial estatesin these provinces are located along or nearthese major roads, which have direct accessto the National Capital Region.

In the Cavite area, major arterial roadnetworks (Aguinaldo Highway and Governor’sDrive) connect and provide access to theprovince’s ten towns (Bacoor, Imus,Dasmariñas, Silang and Tagaytay City, and TreceMartirez City, General Trias, Dasmariñas,General Mariano Alvarez and Carmona) withMetro Manila and Laguna area (Biñan) thru theLaguna National Highway (Manila South Road)and the South Luzon Expressway.

In the Laguna area, the portion of theLaguna National Highway running along theeastern lakeshore and east bay of the Lagunade Bay provides access to the municipalitiessouth of the province towards Metro Manila(from Calamba to San Pedro). About six towns(San Pablo, Biñan, Santa Rosa, Cabuyao,Calamba and Los Baños) are served by thisroad.

On the other hand, the existence of deepcoastal waters in Batangas and Balayan Bayshave encouraged port-oriented industries tolocate operations in the strategic coastal

stretch along the portion of Batangas City, SanPascual, Mabini, Bauan and Calaca. This portionis considered as the province’s major industrialzone and currently hosts a number of mediumto heavy industries ranging from oil refineries,shipbuilding, flour and feed milling,warehousing and garment manufacturing.

The development and operation ofBatangas port provided the impetus forindustrial activities to intensify in terms oftrade and transport access for major industriesof the region. In fact, the total value of tradepassing Batangas port is the highest in thecountry’s foreign trade output recording morethan 40% at US$26.2 billion in 2001. Value ofexport and import trade volume is similarlythe highest at $16.2 and $ 9.9 billionrespectively, during the same year.

b. Ecozones

The passage of the Ecozone Act of 1995opened the avenue for ecozones to proliferatein the CALABARZON region. A significantnumber of these ecozones located in theregion’s industrial centers. Ecozones arespecialized industrial enclaves with highlydeveloped areas or those with potential forindustrial, tourist, recreational, commercialand investment purposes

Except for the Cavite Export ProcessingZone (CEPZ), most CALABARZON ecozoneswere established through private initiative (SeeAppendix Table No. 2).

The bulk of ecozone activity is mostlyconcentrated in Cavite, Laguna and Batangas,indicating that these provinces are the primelocation for industrial operation (Table No.2.22) Most ecozones in Cavite and Laguna hosts


3131313131

light to medium industries ranging from semi-conductors, electronics to car assembly.Batangas ecozones meanwhile tend to hostmedium to heavy industries such as petroleumand oil refineries (Appendix Table No. 3).

From 19 industrial estates prior to thedeclaration of the Ecozone Act of 1995, the totalproclaimed ecozones in the CALABARZON hasreached 64, which is more than a third (40%) ofthe 161 currently proclaimed ecozones in thecountry (Table 2.22). The 64 ecozones(operating, proclaimed and development inprogress) occupy an aggregate industrial spaceof 6,668.97 hectares representing 30% of thenational total hectarage allocated for ecozones.

Of the 64 proclaimed CALABARZONecozones, 26 were operating or 45 percent of

the national total. These CALABARZONoperating ecozones occupied 36 percent oftotal national operating ecozone area of5,694.62 has. These are mostly concentratedin Batangas, Cavite and Laguna.

On the other hand, 25 ecozones withavailable 3,671.82 hectares of factory sites areunder development indicating prospectiveindustrial area expansion in the coming years.Of these, 63 percent are located in Batangasand Cavite.

Overall, ecozones continue to grow in theregion in terms of numbers and area covered.The 19 ecozones established by1993 increasedto 64 in 2003. This corresponds to an increaseof 9 percent in ecozone area (Table 2.23 andFigure 2.14).


Table 2.22Status of EcozonesCALABARZON, 2003

SOURCE: PEZA

* As of March 14, 2003

1046,668.9764Total274548.002Quezon176352.602Rizal91452.505Laguna

1021,019.3410Cavite2171,299.886Batangas1473,672.32in 25Development ProgressC.2726.681Rizal3296.783Laguna96481.645Batangas88352.114Cavite74957.2113ProclaimedB.64828.6213Laguna83578.447Cavite

105632.386Batangas782,039.4426OperatingA.

Ha. / EocozoneTOTAL AREA (hectares)No. of EcozonesProvince / Ecozone

1046,668.9764Total274548.002Quezon176352.602Rizal91452.505Laguna

1021,019.3410Cavite2171,299.886Batangas1473,672.32in 25Development ProgressC.2726.681Rizal3296.783Laguna96481.645Batangas88352.114Cavite74957.2113ProclaimedB.64828.6213Laguna83578.447Cavite

105632.386Batangas782,039.4426OperatingA.

Ha. / EocozoneTOTAL AREA (hectares)No. of EcozonesProvince / Ecozone

3232323232


2.14

3333333333

At the provincial level, the developmentof Batangas Port, which started in 1994 wasseen as a major contributing factor in theemergence of ecozones in Batangas. Althoughthe Tabangao Special Ecozone was approvedfor development in the 1980s, most of theprovince’s ecozones were established andoperated in the 1990’s.

On the other hand, the 2 percentdecrease in ecozone area in Laguna may beattributed to ecozone locators consolidatingon export-based industries comprising mostlyof electronics and semi-conductors. Averagearea of operating ecozones in Laguna is theleast compared to the other operatingecozones in Batangas and Cavite.

ECOZONES INVESTMENTS

Manufacturing is the dominant industrialactivity in the ecozones. In 1997 alone, morethan P 47 billion pesos of investments weredevoted to new and expansion manufacturingprojects. Manufacturing industry is largely

concentrated in the production of electronicsand semiconductor products, which are theleading export commodity of most export-based ecozones in Laguna, Cavite andBatangas. In fact, 86 percent (P40.9 billionpesos) of manufacturing investments went tothe electronics/electrical machinery andsemiconductor commodities.

Among the ecozones, the Laguna Technopark,Inc. contributes almost half (44 percent) ofthe investments poured into the manufactureof electronics and semiconductorcommodities.

In contrast, the manufacture and processing offood commodities does not receive muchinvestment attention from locators in theecozones. The national government through theBOI attached high preference for investmenton the food industry since this is intended toprovide the needed linkages to enhance thedevelopment of upstream and downstreamindustries such as primary agriculturalproduction and SMEs, among others.


Table 2.23Growth Rate of Economic Zones


9.177.5512.916,668.9729642,773.701419Total---548.00220.0000Quezon

56.8811.614.14379.28334.2012Rizal---2,413.909170.0000Batangas

7.513.636.681,949.891021945.30711Cavite-2.77-1.8113.351,377.905211,824.2066Laguna

Total Area (ha)No. of Mun.No. of

EcozoneTotal Area

(ha)No. of Mun.No. of Ecozone


Ecozone

2003**1993% Change

Industrial Estates / Ecozones*Province /

Municipality

9.177.5512.916,668.9729642,773.701419Total---548.00220.0000Quezon

56.8811.614.14379.28334.2012Rizal---2,413.909170.0000Batangas

7.513.636.681,949.891021945.30711Cavite-2.77-1.8113.351,377.905211,824.2066Laguna


EcozoneTotal Area

(ha)No. of Mun.No. of Ecozone


Ecozone

2003**1993% Change

Industrial Estates / Ecozones*Province /

Municipality

* Includes Private and Government -Owned Economic Zones, Information Technology Parks/buildings. Ecozone expansion areas of less than 25 hectares are also included.

** List of approved, proclaimed ecozoneas as of 14 March 2003

SOURCE of Basic Data: PEZA, RPFP STR

3434343434

In summary, ecozone investments continue toprovide sizeable share in the region’sinvestment, expanding from 28 percent in 1996to 73 percent in 2000.

CONTRIBUTION OF ECOZONES TO EXPORTOUTPUT

In the area of foreign trade, the region’s rolein the attainment of the national exporttarget became prominent in 1996 whenexport oriented ecozones began to operatein the region. Prior to these the regioncontributed measly average of 2 percent tothe country’s export output. Regional shareto total export output dramatically increasedfrom 11 percent in 1996 to 49 percent in2000, which constitute almost half of thenational export.

The main bulk or 74 percent of the region’sexport revenue of US$18 billion is contributedby ecozone export industries. At the ecozonelevel, Laguna Technopark is the top singleecozone exporter generating a value of US$4.6 billion in 2000. On the average ecozonesin CALABARZON contribute 78 percent of theregion’s total export output during the period1998-2002

EMPLOYMENT IN ECOZONES

From 1998-2000, CALABARZON ecozonesemployed an average of 165,079 personsrepresenting 19 percent of the totalemployment generated by the industry sector.Employment generation continued to expandin the ecozones with an average growth rateof 11 percent annually from 1998-2002.

Locator firms, mostly manufacturing andservices-related, operating in the ecozones arestrong generators of employment opportunitiesthat attract migrant workers including their

families mostly from other provinces outsidethe CALABARZON. The influx of migrantpopulation usually creates additional demandsfor social basic services provided by the hostLGUs such as housing facilities.

2.1.8 Tourism

a. Tourism Areas

The CALABARZON is gifted with a diverse,natural, historical, cultural and man-madeattractions as well as general and specialinterest products attractive to domestic andinternational tourist markets (Figures 2.15,2.16 and 2.17).

The Philippine Tourism Master Plan(PTMP) (1991-2010) identified tourismdevelopment areas in the country, which canserve as the focus of investments in tourismestates, leisure and recreation complex andother tourism related activities. Tagaytay/Taal, Aplaya Laiya and Hacienda Looc locatedin San Juan and Nasugbu, Batangasrespectively, have been selected as tourismdevelopment areas for the CALABARZON regionin the PTMP.

Tourism development in Tagaytayincludes the zoning by the Tagaytay Citygovernment of the tourism-strip along theTagaytay ridge for urban-tourism withrestaurants, entertainment and recreationalfacilities. High-cost, week-end housingprojects suited for rest and relaxation havebeen increasing in the area. High-end resortestates have proliferated in Tagaytay City andits adjacent highland towns with similar viewof the Taal Lake and Volcano. The tourism areahas been made more accessible with thecompletion of the Tagaytay-Sta. Rosa Road tocomplement the Tagaytay-Alfonso-BatangasRoad and Gen. Aguinaldo Highway.


3535353535


2.15

3636363636


2.16

3737373737


2.17

3838383838


For the Aplaya Laiya, the Department ofTourism has an on-going project for theformulation of a tourism master plan. Beachresorts exist in the area, its access road, theSan Juan-Lobo road is nearly completed. Forthe Hacienda Looc, which covers 1,378hectares, its conversion from agricultural totourism area is on-going.

The Regional Tourism Master Plan forSouthern Tagalog formulated in 1997 hasidentified the following sites as tourism prioritydevelopment areas. The centerpieceattraction of the CALABARZON region, the TaalLake and Volcano is found in Batangas. TheTaal Volcano is said to be the smallest volcanoin the world. The coastline from Nasugbu toCalatagan is a favorite of water sportenthusiasts. It is generally used for swimming,boating, yachting, fishing and skin-diving.National shrines and landmarks also abound inthe province being home and birthplace of thecountry’s nationalist.

The tourism center of Cavite is TagaytayCity, which is known as the “town on theridge”. The ridge is the viewing area of theTaal Lake and Volcano. Tagaytay is alsoconsidered the second summer capital of thecountry because of its crisp and cool climate.Cavite also boasts of leisure estates and golfcourses. The Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo Shrineand other historical landmarks are present inthe province.

Laguna is known as the resort provinceof the Philippines with its bodies of water suchas hot springs, lakes and waterfalls. ThePagsanjan Falls, Lake Caliraya and theinnumerable hot springs that abound in theprovince are the favorite of tourists.

In the province of Quezon, tourist flockto Mount Banahaw, a 7,382-foot extinctvolcano famous for its mystical attributes. Thebeach of Sariaya abounds with resorts fordomestic tourists. A yearly attraction in theprovince is the celebration of the Pahiyas, atraditional thanksgiving for a bountiful harvestcelebrated in several towns.

In Rizal province, The Shrine of Our Ladyof Antipolo draws thousand of Filipino travelersto pay homage to Our Lady of Peace and GoodVoyage. Along the way to the Shrine is theSumulong Highway where the overlooking viewof Metro Manila can be seen while enjoyingthe facilities offered by food establishmentsoperating in the area. The province is alsoknown for the Hinulugang Taktak and Daranak/Batlag Falls.

b. Foreign and Domestic Tourist TravelMovements

Table 2.24 shows the over-all distributionof foreign visitors and domestic tourist travelmovements to the various areas of thePhilippines. The data confirmed the dominanceof Southern Tagalog as a tourist destination.Moreover, there may be underestimation oftravel movement statistics from the NCR tothe region. Many tour options situatedespecially in the CALABARZON region can beaccessed in less than half a day with visitorsundertaking short trips to the region but stayin NCR for the night. The proximity of theregion to Metro Manila, the high level ofinfrastructure development and the existenceof a wide range of accommodation and tourismoriented establishment are factors that attracttrips to the Region.

3939393939


Table 2.24Foreign and Domestic Tourist Travel Movements by Region (In Thousands)


597ARMM277280252250XIII425317203208111117XII540638560553202274XI550506546581329296X200233243260164122IX1751751351308593VIII

1,0631,0131,0051,212486350VII836629570261257218VI389367356266116151V

4,0654,4833,146387133260IV3502622344816153III58254544328416144II355344289512166307I

4,0682,1641,328NCR1,2781,2401,139752259CAR

200220012000199719931990Region

597ARMM277280252250XIII425317203208111117XII540638560553202274XI550506546581329296X200233243260164122IX1751751351308593VIII

1,0631,0131,0051,212486350VII836629570261257218VI389367356266116151V

4,0654,4833,146387133260IV3502622344816153III58254544328416144II355344289512166307I

4,0682,1641,328NCR1,2781,2401,139752259CAR

200220012000199719931990Region

SOURCE of Basic Data: Study on Regional Travel in the Philippines

Table 2.25 shows the number oftravelers to the region on a per province basisfor the period 2000 to 2002. Of the totaltravelers that visited the CALABARZON region,45 percent visited Cavite while 30 percentvisited Laguna. It is surprising to note thatthe statistics shows only 2.5 percent visitedBatangas for the period 2000-2002. On the

average the CALABARZON region contributed93 percent of travelers to Region IV from2000-2002. Report from DOT reveals thatseven out of the 14 most visited places in theLuzon, seven are found in Region IV, five ofwhich are in the CALABARZON region namely:Pagsanjan, Los Baños, Ternate, Tagaytay andBatangas.

Tourism activities play a majorrole in the development of an area.It has far reaching relationship withother sectors such as manufacturing,environment, agriculture andinfrastructure. Tourism contributionto the economy comes in the form ofinvestment in tourism facilities andtravelers expenditure onaccommodation, food and beverage,sightseeing, entertainment, localtransport, shopping, and otherpersonal services.

Table 2.25Distribution of Travelers by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2000-2001 (In Thousands)

SOURCE: Department of Tourism Regional Office IV

11,6944,0654,4833,146TOTAL STR770339230201MIMAROPA

10,9243,7264,2532,945CALABARZON33267Rizal

2,3403272461,767Quezon3,2951,2082,02760Laguna4,9832,0221,8901,071Cavite2731696440Batangas

Total200220012000Province

11,6944,0654,4833,146TOTAL STR770339230201MIMAROPA

10,9243,7264,2532,945CALABARZON33267Rizal

2,3403272461,767Quezon3,2951,2082,02760Laguna4,9832,0221,8901,071Cavite2731696440Batangas

Total200220012000Province

4040404040


2.2 Protection Land Use

Protection land use highlights the need for theconservation, rehabilitation and sustaineddevelopment of the region’s environment and naturalresources. It specifically aims to delineate areasbelonging to the National Integrated Protected AreasSystem (NIPAS) and other critical ecosystems andthus regulate their use and preserve their integrity.It also identifies environmentally constrained areasto safeguard the populace from environmentalhazards and other activities detrimental toproductivity, heritage, and quality of life.

2.2.1 National Integrated Protected AreasSystem (NIPAS)

The NIPAS as provided under RA No. 7586otherwise known as NIPAS Act of 1992 refers to theclassification and administration of identifiedportions of land and water delineated by reason oftheir physical and biological significance for theadequate conservation of plant, animal and theirhabitat from being altered by human exploitation.These areas are referred to as protected areas.

The categories of protected areas (PA) underNIPAS are: 1) Strict nature reserve; 2) Natural park;3) Natural monument; 4) Wildlife sanctuary; 5)Protected landscape and seascape; 6) Resourcereserve; 7) Natural biotic area; 8) Other categoriesestablished by law, conventions or internationalagreements, which the Philippine government is asignatory.

In the CALABARZON Region, 30 sites have beendesignated as protected areas. Nineteen areidentified as initial components and 11 are additionalsites. As of date, 6 sites have already beenproclaimed PA under NIPAS; 5 from the initialcomponent and one (1) from additional sites. Thesesites are all under the category of ProtectedLandscape (Figure 2.18).

a. NIPAS Initial Components

All areas or islands in the Philippinesproclaimed, designated or set aside, pursuantto a law, presidential decree, presidentialproclamation or executive order as nationalpark, game refuge, bird and wildlife sanctuary,wilderness area, strict nature reserve,watershed, mangrove reserve, fish sanctuary,natural and historical landmark, protected andmanaged landscape/seascape as well asidentified virgin forests before the effectivityof RA 7586 are hereby designated as initialcomponents of the System. The initialcomponents of the System shall be governedby existing laws, rules and regulations, notinconsistent with the System.

TAAL VOLCANO PROTECTEDLANDSCAPE

Taal Volcano Island was proclaimed PA underNIPAS by virtue of Presidential ProclamationNo. 923 dated Nov. 19, 1996. This PA stridesthe Municipalities of Talisay, Malvar, Tanauan,Mataas na Kahoy, Laurel, Agoncillo, Sta.Teresita. Cuenca, Alitagtag, Lipa City, Baleteand San Nicolas, Province of Batangas andTagaytay City. It is approximately 62,292hectares.

The Island has a wide range of natural andscenic spots that have high potential forscientific research and eco-tourism. Generally,the area is predominantly agricultural withcrops like sugarcane, coconut, citrus, banana,upland rice and corn. The water body and itsenvirons are home to many species of floraand fauna. This includes phytoplankton, ferns,flowering plants, cogon, talahib, rotifiers,talisay, fishes, reptiles, mollusks, sponge,cladocerans and many others. The main craterlake of the volcano island is four (4) meters

4141414141


2.18

4242424242


above sea level making the island as one ofthe lowest active volcanoes in the world.

However, although declared PA, Taal VolcanoIsland still faces problems of encroachment,improper solid waste management and loss ofbiodiversity.

MTS. BANAHAW-SAN CRISTOBALPROTECTED LANDSCAPE

Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal was proclaimed PAby virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 411dated June 25, 2003. It has an area of around10,900 hectares and encompasses themunicipalities of Dolores, Candelaria, Sariaya,Tayabas and Lucban in the Province of Quezonand the municipalities of Majayjay, Liliw,Nagcarlan, Rizal and City of San Pablo in theProvince of Laguna. Its boundaries are plantedwith agricultural crops, patches of brushes andshrublands, some areas have been occupiedby squatters especially in Dolores, Quezon.

The vegetation studies in the area revealedthat there are 358 species of trees, 19 speciesof vines, 15 species of palms, 39 species offerns, 15 species of grasses and 42 species offungi. Five (5) of these were categorized asrare namely: pangnan, lansones-bundok,kalamansanai, tabu and taluto. A total of 56species were categorized as endemic or withlimited range of distribution in the Philippines.The area is also noted for its medicinal plants.It is frequented by “herbularios” who get theleaves, bark, roots, fruits and seeds of plantswith medicinal properties. The local peopleclaim that about 80% of the plants thriving inthe area have medicinal values and could healseveral illnesses.

The study of wildlife, on the other hand,revealed that there are 226 species of birds,

62 species of mammals, 38 species of reptiles,43 species of amphibians and 188 species ofinsects. Many of these are endemic to theplace and some are considered rare andendangered.

This PA is primarily used as a watershed. Itsustains water for the creeks, rivers and fallsdraining to Laguna de Bay and Tayabas Bay. Itsupports the Botocan Hydroelectric PowerPlant situated in Majayjay and Luisiana,Laguna. Seven rivers namely: Balayong,Maimpis, Liliw, Dalatiwan, Malinao, Nagcarlanand San Diego directly provide water fordomestic, irrigation and recreationalpurposes. There are rivers and falls withinthis PA, which are believed to have medicinalvalue. The Kinabuhayan River, Sta. Lucia,Suplina, Kristalino Falls all found in Dolores,Quezon and Talong Ambon at the crater ofMt. Banahaw are visited by devotees andpilgrims especially during Holy Week. Thesedevotees/tourists take a dip/shower on theserivers and falls with the belief that theirillnesses will be cured.

Another special feature of this PA is the TaytayFalls located in Majayjay, Laguna. This fallsis famous for its beautiful landscape andsource of crystal clear water.

The Mts. Banahaw-San Cristobal ProtectedLandscape is being subjected to degradationas pilgrims cut small trees, branches, palmsand bamboos and leave significant amount ofgarbage. The PA is also threatened byencroachment, illegal activities such astreasure hunting and gathering of wildlifespecies. Problems in peace and order are alsoprevalent. The local government and nationalgovernment agencies have conflicting policieson collection of users’ fee and the wastedisposal system.

4343434343


Mt. Banahaw-San Cristobal ProtectedLandscape is a “multi-managed” national park.The stakeholders who share in themanagement, protection and conservation ofthe PA are DENR, NAPOCOR, SLPC, PAMB, NGOs,POs, Religious Sects and the 9 municipalitiesand 1 city of the provinces of Laguna andQuezon.

QUEZON PROTECTED LANDSCAPE

Quezon Protected Landscape was proclaimedPA by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No.594 dated June 2, 2003. It has an area of about983 hectares and covers the Municipalities ofPagbilao, Padre Burgos and Atimonan, all inthe Province of Quezon.

This PA is the only remaining old growth forestin the southeastern part of Quezon. It is arich repository of flora and fauna because ofits multi-layered old growth forest dominatedby endemic species. The flora speciescommonly found in the area includesdipterocarpus, parashorea and pentacme.Non-dipterocarp species, which are equallyabundant, are ficus, diospyrus, syziglum andaylain. Calamus species are also found to occurin large number. Few patches of ImperataCylindrica and Saccharum spontaneum areparticularly found along boundaries wherehuman activities are prominent. Wildlifespecies that move freely through the three-story canopies of the PA include several groupsof monkeys, birds, lizards, snakes and insects.Bird species such as rufous hornbill, rufousconcae, forest kingfisher, spotted woodkingfisher and Luzon little crow are also foundin the area. It is also home for endangeredspecies such as Philippine macaque, wild ratand Philippine deer.

Quezon Protected Landscape is traversed by

Maharlika Highway going to Bicol and theVisayas Region. As such, it serves as a showwindow for educating people on the value offorest and environmental conservation. It hasa famous site for mountain climbing called thePinagbanderahan site. It also has a rest areanear a lagoon where commuters can dine andrefresh.

The PA is threatened by encroachment, illegallogging, illegal treasure hunting and peace andorder problems.

BUENAVISTA PROTECTED LANDSCAPE

Buenavista Protected Landscape was formerlycategorized as a Watershed Forest Reserve.This PA was reclassified as Protected Landscapepursuant to the provisions of NIPAS and byvirtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 294dated April 23, 2000. It is located in Bgy.Buenavista, Mulanay, Quezon with an area ofabout 284 hectares.

Some of the valuable forestry species found inthe area are duguan, bolong-eta, toog, balobo,malaikmo, taluto, kalumpit, amugis, andmalapapaya. The monitor lizard, wild cat,tariktic hornbill, grass owl and wild dove arefound in the area. Its mountain ecosystem canbe developed for hiking/trekking activities. Ithas a natural spring, which supplies potablewater to the nearby community.

MAULAWIN SPRING PROTECTED LANDSCAPE

This PA was formerly categorized as aWatershed Forest Reserve and was reclassifiedas Protected Landscape pursuant to theprovisions of NIPAS and by virtue of PresidentialProclamation No. 295 dated April 23, 2000. Itis located in Bgy. Magsaysay, San Pedro I andHimbubulo West in the Municipality of

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Guinayangan, Quezon with approximately anarea of 149 hectares.

Maulawin has a spring that yields water all yearround. It is the only source of drinking waterfor the residents in the Poblacion. The areastill possesses ecological values and distinctfeatures although it is generally denuded dueto human pressures.

MTS. PALAY-PALAY/MATAAS NA GULODNATIONAL PARK

This PA was declared as National Park onOctober 26, 1976 and the same was consideredas NIPAS Initial Component under RA 7586 of1992. It is approximately 4,000 hectares andis located within the Municipalites ofMaragondon and Ternate in the Province ofCavite and Nasugbu in Batangas.

The existing vegetation in the area isconsidered second growth forest of molave-dipterocarp type. The premium species thatcan be found are akle, molave and kalingag,which are known for its medicinalcharacteristic, specifically as a cure forstomach trouble. Other tree species commonin the Park are kamagong, white lauan, redlauan, guijo and pili.

In 1995, the Professional EnvironmentalManagement Company (PEMC) conducted studyon the floral and faunal species in the area.There were 123 species of wildlife identifiedin the area: 76 species of birds, 21 species ofreptiles, 16 species of mammals and 10 speciesof amphibians 31% of which are endangered.The endangered species found here are thePhilippine Falcon, Blue Nape Parrot or Loro,Rufous Hornbill or Kalaw and PhilippineWoodland Frog. Other wildlife species foundin the area are monkey, wild pig, phyton,

cobra, alamid, monitor lizards, wild chickenand several avifaunal species like bato-batohawk, green parrot, tarikitik, bat, owl,kingfisher, quail and maya among others.

This National Park can be a potential eco-tourism area. It has three (3) major peaks:Mts. Palay-palay, Mt. Mataas na Gulod and Mt.Pico de Loro. The latter is the most impressiveto the mountain trekkers for it has the highestpeak at 648 meters above sea level. Atpresent, the Park is being utilized forpicnicking, nature tripping and camping.

Encroachment and boundary conflict areproblems, which delay development of thisprotected landscape.

ALIBIJABAN WILDERNESS AREA

This area was declared Wilderness Area inDecember 29, 1981 and is now one of theInitial Components of NIPAS. It is located withinthe coastal waters of San Andres, Quezon withan approximate land area of 430 hectares. Thearea is rich in flora and fauna. The seawardportion of the timberland area is white sand.Its coral reef is in good to excellent condition,which is a potential snorkeling and scuba divingsite. Endangered avian species like tabon birdscan be found here.

Alibijaban is currently threatened by illegalmangrove gatherers.

ALABAT WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA was declared as such last September18, 1987. The procedure on its reclassification,in accordance with NIPAS Act of 1992 is beingundertaken. The site is located within theMunicipality of Alabat, Quezon and has an areaof around 688 hectares. The area is classified

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as tropical rainforest and covered withPhilippine dipterocarp species and otherforestry species. Timber species, rattan andbamboo are predominant in the area. The PAis also the main source of domestic andirrigation water of the municipality.

BINAHAAN WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA is situated in the Pagbilao-Mauban, areain the Province of Quezon. It has anapproximate area of 465 hectares. This areawas proclaimed PA in May 29, 1991 and is beingconsidered for proclamation under the NIPASof 1992. The area is endowed with variousnatural wealth such as timber, non-timber,flora and fauna species. There are beautifulwaterfalls for recreational activities wheretourists can enjoy trekking, bird watching andswimming.

CALAUAG WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA is located at Barangay Yaganak,Calauag, Quezon covering an area of about 328hectares. This was proclaimed a protectedarea in February 1, 1939 and is beingconsidered to protect the various species offlora and fauna under the NIPAS of 1992. Aboundary conflict among covered areas is yetto be settled.

LOPEZ WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA was proclaimed as such in June 22,1940. It is located along the municipalities ofLopez, Calauag and Guinayangan, Quezon andcovers an area of around 418 hectares. ThePA is being considered under the NIPAS Initialcomponents for its secondary growth forest,which is ideal for bio-diversity conservation.Almost half of the area is being occupied andtilled for agro-forestry production.

MULANAY WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA is located at Bgy. Cawayan II, SanFrancisco, Quezon (formerly Bgy. Taingon,Mulanay, Quezon). It was proclaimed PA on July28, 1934 with an approximate area of 26hectares. The area has endemic flora andfauna, beautiful springs and old growthvegetation ideal for picnic and otherrecreational activities. Tourist can enjoytrekking and bathing in cold spring and birdwatching in the forest. Cawayan creek andgullies drain the watershed, which flow toadjacent farmlands and eventually flow towardTayabas Bay. Potable water from springs canbe obtained for domestic use.

MARIKINA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA is situated in the northeastern part ofRizal province – within the Municipalities ofRodriguez, Antipolo, Baras, San Mateo andTanay. It is approximately 16,557 hectares andwas proclaimed PA last January 29, 1986. Thearea is originally of mountain forests andtropical rainforest composed mainly ofdipterocarp species. The watershed isoriginally intended for the water requirementsof the province and Metro Manila. Presently,the portion of the watershed is inhabited bysquatters and is in a state of degradation anddenudation due to unabated logging, slash andburn kaingin system and source of charcoal forlivelihood purposes. Several overlappingproclamations are another problem that is yetto be solved.

KALIWA RIVER WATERSHED FORESTRESERVE

This PA is located in the upland areas of Tanayand Antipolo, Rizal. It is approximately 26,000hectares and was proclaimed PA on June 26,

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1969. Efforts for its proclamation under theNIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.

This watershed is being considered by theMetropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System(MWSS) as an alternative source of potablewater for Rizal Province and Metro Manila.Some portions of the watershed are presentlyplanted with rice, annual cultivated crops andperennial crop. Other areas are being used aspasture land. The settlers in the watershedinclude not only the IPs called Dumagats andRemontados but also lowland dwellers.

Timber poaching, influx of migrants,overlapping proclamations and boundary issuesare problems concerning Kaliwa Riverdevelopment.

UNNAMED NATIONAL PARK, GAMEPRESERVE AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

The area was proclaimed PA on April 18, 1977and again understudied for proclamation underthe NIPAS. This PA has an area of around146,000 hectares and is located along theprovinces of Quezon, Rizal, Laguna andBulacan.

INFANTA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

The area is located in Infanta, Quezon and wasdeclared PA on February 13, 1967. It isapproximately 384 hectares. It is also beingconsidered under the NIPAS of 1992.

POLILLO WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE

This PA, which is around 130 hectares, islocated in Polillo, Quezon. It was proclaimedPA on August 9, 1966 and is being consideredfor NIPAS.

TIBIANG-DOMAGONDONG WATERSHEDFOREST RESERVE

This was proclaimed PA on July 20, 1938. Ithas an area of around 280 hectares and islocated in Guinayangan, Quezon. The area isunderstudy to be included in the NIPAS althoughresidents/occupants disagree to be underNIPAS.

HINILUGANG TAKTAK NATIONAL PARK

The PA is around 3 hectares and is nowoperating as a resort. It is located in AntipoloCity, Province of Rizal. Currently, this NationalPark is faced with waste managementproblems.

ADDITIONAL SITES

These are sites, which has unique physical andbiological features that need to be preservedand protected. CALABARZON has 11 additionalsites proposed for inclusion under the NIPAS.One of these additional sites has already beenproclaimed while initial steps towards theproclamation of the other 10 additional sitesare being undertaken.

Pamitinan Protected Landscape

This was proclaimed PA under NIPAS by virtueof Proclamation No. 901 dated October 10,1996. This is located in the eastern portion ofRodriguez (Montalban), Rizal covering an areaof 608 hectares. The area is generally utilizedfor mango and other fruit trees plantation, riceproduction and grazing in some cogonal areas.The various species of endemic flora and faunaare decreasing due to quarrying. The area canbe developed as camping site, rock climbingand viewing nature landscape.

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The area is considered as a National Heritagebecause of its historical significance. ThePamitinan Cave used to be the rendezvous ofthe Katipunan Supremo Andres Bonifacio andhis members during the Spanish era.

Minasawa Island Game Refugeand Bird Sanctuary

The PA is located in Brgy. Poblacion, Burdeos,Quezon with an approximate area of 4hectares. It was declared as PA on September15, 1964. It is also being established under theNIPAS of 1992 because of the presence ofunique geological features like coral reefs,white beach, marine area and the presence ofnotable wildlife species and native flora.

Minasawa is threatened by illegal activitiessuch as fishing, quarrying, collection of floraand fauna and hunting.

Maricaban Strait and Adjacent Watersof Balsuran and Batangas Bays

The area has been proclaimed PA on Nov. 10,1978 and the same is being subjected forreview under the NIPAS of 1992.

Mt. Lobo

The area is being studied under the NIPAS.

Umiray River Watershed ForestReserve

The PA is located in General Nakar, Quezon andwas proclaimed in September 28, 1903. It isapproximately 16,723 hectares and is beingconsidered under NIPAS of 1992. Thiswatershed is the main source of Maynilad andManila Water serving mostly Metro Manila

customers and part of neighboring CaviteProvince. It is also the source of irrigationwater in some areas in Central Luzon. There isa need to study the possibility of charging rawcost of water being extracted from thiswatershed. Peace and order and accessibilityare the major problems being experienced inthe area.

Panukulan Watershed Forest Reserve

The PA is located in Polillo Island, Quezon. It isaround 179 hectares and is being proposedunder NIPAS of 1992.

Kanan River Watershed ForestReserve

This area, which is approximately 36,331hectares, is located in Infanta and GeneralNakar, Quezon. It is also being considered underNIPAS of 1992.

Ragay Gulf

The gulf has an area of about 36,712 hectaresencompasses the municipalities ofTagkawayan, Guinayangan and Buenavista inthe Province of Quezon. Efforts for its inclusionunder the NIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.

Mapanghi Cave

The cave is located in Burdeos, Quezon. Effortsfor its inclusion under the NIPAS of 1992 arebeing undertaken.

Sumuot Cave

The cave is located in Burdeos, Quezon. Effortsfor its inclusion under the NIPAS of 1992 arebeing undertaken.

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Masungi Rock

The area is located in Tanay, Rizal. It is around641 hectares. Efforts for its inclusion underthe NIPAS of 1992 are being undertaken.

2.2.2 Non-NIPAS

Non-NIPAS areas are those that haveoutstanding physical and aesthetic features,anthropological significance, and biologicaldiversity but not yet included under the NIPAS.These areas require protection because NIPAScomponents are accorded protection status. Thesenon-NIPAS areas include the following: coastal andfreshwater wetlands; second growth forestsreserved for protection purposes as defined underthe Master Plan for Forestry Development;easements along waterways and shorelines;important bird areas; and ecotourism sites.

a. Wetlands

Wetlands are areas of marsh, fen,peatland or water, whether natural orartificial, permanent or temporary, withwater that is static or flowing, fresh,brackish or salty, including marine areaswhere water depth during low tide does notexceed six meters. Wetlands are importantfor water storage, fishery and agriculturalproduction, preservation of wildlife habitatsand maintenance of water tables. They alsocontribute to shoreline stabilization, waterpurification and reduction of naturalhazards such as floods. There are twomajor categories of natural wetlands:coastal and freshwater. There are alsoartificial wetlands but these are not coveredin this framework.

There are three wetlands in theCALABARZON Region. These are all located inthe province of Quezon.

The wetland in Brgy. Angeles, AlabatQuezon is within the A and D land under ProjectNo. 18, Blk. IV, LC Map certified on Nov. 17,1924. Portion of it falls within the titledproperty. It is approximately 2.4 hectares. Itis accessible by any kind of vehicle. At present,the area serves as habitat of various flora andfauna. It can be an ideal site for research sinceit is a diverse ecosystem, which serves as thebreeding and feeding ground of various species.Small volume of water in the area flows to theadjacent unirrigated rice field but is not usedfor irrigation purposes. Residents of theBarangay and adjacent communities go to thearea to catch fish and hunt birds including theireggs and other animals for food.

The other wetland called the Acha Reefis located in Ragay Gulf, Tagkawayan, Quezon.It covers an area of 500 hectares. The marineresources found within the area are livingcorals that serve as habitat for different marineanimals, which includes fishes, crustaceans,sea snakes, sea turtles and many others. Thesecoral reefs also serve as breeding, feeding andplayground of said marine animals. The areais ideal for marine research due to its distinctcorals and different marine animals that useit as their habitat.

The third wetland is located in theMunicipality of Buenavista, Quezon coveringbarangays Mabutag, Cawa and Cabong. Thiswetland is approximately 220 hectares.

All the three wetlands are in criticalstate. Illegal fishing and destructive fishing arerampant in these areas causing the degradationand destruction of the niche/corals and lossof various marine species in the area. Despitethe local interventions, violators continue todo their illegal activities. This is mainly dueto slow, weak and inactive prosecution andjudicial proceeding/litigation.

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b. Other Critical Basins

There are four (4) water basins needingenvironmental management in Region IV-A.These are the Laguna de Bay, Taal Lake,Balayan and Adjacent Bays and Manila Bay.

LAGUNA DE BAY

Laguna de Bay is the largest freshwater lakein Southeast Asia. It is approximately 90,000hectares with a 220-kilometer shoreline. Itswatershed area covers 382,000 hectares. TheLake is being utilized for fishing, fishproduction in fish pens/cages and musselfarming. It is also used as source of irrigationwater during the dry season, source of watersupply of lake towns and a transporting routeof goods from Manila to industrial firmsaround the Lake. It encompasses the uplandareas of Marikina and Rizal and the lowlandmunicipalities of Laguna.

The Lake also supplies water to support tovital industrial operation like heating andcooling and serves as the final sink of polluteddomestic. It is currently in a state ofdegradation, which requires a multi-approachsystem of planning and implementation ofdevelopment projects.

To address some of the policy gaps, associatedissues, and to determine the best use of thelake, the LLDA has formulated the Laguna deBay Region Master Plan and the ZoneManagement Plan (ZOMAP).

TAAL LAKE

Taal Lake is of vital importance forconservation because it is a potentialsupplemental resource from which to drawtreatable water in the future for domestic useand a tourist destination as well. This Lake

has a total area of 26,318 hectares with1,289.32 hectares designated as fishsanctuary. It has a shoreline perimeter of 88square kilometers and a maximum andaverage depth of 198 and 60 meters,respectively. The Lake is primarily used as asource of livelihood of almost 20,000sustenance fishermen living within the basin.

Presently, however, the supply of tawilis andmaliputo, which is endemic to Taal Lake, hasbecome scarce due to application of improperfishing method. Likewise, contributory to itare the wastes and polluted water beingdischarged by the big piggery industriesnearby and the non-scientific miningoperations going on in the area, which slowlypoison and disrupt the aquatic life cycle ofthe marine habitat.

BALAYAN AND ADJACENT BAYS

Balayan and the Adjacent Bays Region inBatangas Province is composed of 12municipalities, namely: Nasugbu, Lian,Calatagan, Balayan, Tuy, Calaca, Lemery, Taal,San Luis, Bauan, Mabini and Tingloy. It boastsof rich and attractive coral reefs. In Mabiniand Tingloy waters, the 2003 survey (Fenner)showed that 25 coral species found in the areaare new reports to Philippine coral literature,which are either not earlier reported and/orpossibly even new species for the area.

There are at least 319 coral species in thearea, of which eight are considered rare; 32mangrove and associated species, nineseagrass species and 262 fish species. Thepresence of charismatic species like thespinner dolphins, marine turtles and spermwhales indicate the bio-richness of Balayanand the Adjacent Bays. Owing to its rich coralreefs, beautiful scenery, relatively cleanmarine water, rich cultural and religious

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attractions and proximity to Metro Manila,tourism is a growing industry in the area.

These habitat resources are, however, underthreat. The spillover of CALABARZON or theindustrialization of the Region poses long-termthreats to the Bays’ marine resources. Oil spillsand other discharges have been reported tooccur due to ships passing through Balayan andAdjacent Bays. With the steady increase inpopulation, the settlements along the coastsare likewise growing. Unregulated settlementscontribute to pollution going directly to theBays. In adjacent Batangas Bay, aninternational shipping port has been developedand several heavy industries dot the coastline.Many of these are pollutive industries thatdischarges chemical and oil wastes and findtheir way into Balayan and Adjacent Bays.

MANILA BAY

The Bay is one of the best natural harbors inthe world. It has a coastline of approximately190 kilometers and a surface area of about1,800 square kilometers. It is bordered bycoastal cities and municipalities of the NationalCapital Region (NCR), the coastal provinces ofBataan, Pampanga, Bulacan in Region 3, andCavite in Region 4. Also within the watershedof Manila Bay are the non-coastal cities andmunicipalities of the NCR, the provinces ofNueva Ecija and Tarlac in Region 3, and Rizaland Laguna in Region 4.

The two (2) main contributory areas are thePasig and the Pampanga river basins. The PasigRiver connects Manila Bay with Laguna de Bay.Most of the river systems in the province ofPampanga, Bulacan and Nueva Ecija drain intothe Pampanga River. Other major riversdischarging directly into Manila Bay are Talisay,Pasag, Meycauayan, Navotas-Malabon-Tullahan-Tenejeros and Maragondon.

The ecological values of the Lake includemangroves, wetlands and coral reefs andseagrass. At the turn of the 20th century, therewere about 54,000 hectares of mangrovearound the Bay. By 1990, only 2,000 hectareswere recorded, and in 1995, only about 794hectares remained. Its wetlands on the otherhand, covers about 4,600 hectares. Millions ofshorebirds rest and feed in wetlands of ManilaBay area when flying South from their breedinggrounds in the arctic tundra during Septemberto April and returning North during the shortnorthern hemisphere summer of May to August.Coral reefs can be found at the mouth of ManilaBay. While there have been significant declineover time, coral reefs are still consideredimportant habitats for fish and in thefunctioning of the Manila Bay ecosystem.(Manila Bay Coastal Strategy, Oct. 2001)

Garbage and various unwanted by-products ofmodern life are being dumped regularly intoManila Bay. Certain type of pollutants, such asinorganic chemicals and heavy metalsaccumulate. As the zone of influence ofpollutants extends beyond local boundaries andacross time, the political difficulties ofimplementing comprehensive, cost-effectivemanagement interventions are compounded.Marine debris, oil spills and operationaldischarges from ships and fishing boats not onlythreaten the ecosystem but the aestheticquality of the Bay. A polluted and congestedBay renders tourism development a high-riskinvestment. Health risk continues and will onlyintensify the pressure on the government toput in additional resources for the provisionof health and other social services (Manila BayCoastal Strategy).

To address these problems, the Manila BayEnvironment Management Project (MBEMP) wasconceptualized by the GEF/UNDP/IMO RegionalProgramme on Building Partnerships in

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Environmental Management for the Seas of EastAsia (PEMSEA). The specific objective of theRegional Programme with respect to pollutionhot spot is to apply the environmental riskmanagement process to address transboundaryenvironmental issues in subregional sea areasunder stress.

2.2.3 Ancestral Domain Areas

Ancestral domain as defined under R.A. 8371otherwise known as the Indigenous Peoples RightsAct of 1997 refers to all areas generally belongingto ICC/IPs comprising lands, inland waters, coastalareas, and natural resources therein, held underclaim of ownership, occupied or possessed by ICCs/IPs, by themselves or through their ancestors,communally or individually since time immemorial,continuously to the present except when interruptedby war, force majeure or displacement by force,deceit, stealth or as a consequence of governmentprojects or any other voluntary dealings entered intoby government and private individuals/corporations,and which are necessary to ensure their economic,social and cultural welfare. It shall include ancestrallands, forests, pasture, residential, agricultural andother lands individually owned whether alienableand disposable or otherwise, hunting grounds, burialgrounds, worship areas, bodies of water, mineral andother natural resources, and lands which may nolonger be exclusively occupied by ICCs/IPs but fromwhich they traditionally had access to for theirsubsistence and traditional activities particularly thehome ranges of ICCs/IPs who are still nomadic and/or shifting cultivators.

The NCIP has recognized the ICCs/IPs withinthe CALABARZON areas namely, the Dumagats ofQuezon and Rizal, the Remontados of Rizal and theAeta Baluga of Quezon.

Some of the problems which beset IPs are: 1)There are titled properties within the ancestraldomain areas; 2) There are encroachments by the

lowlanders and other settlers in the area; 3) Lackof support from the local as well as nationalgovernment agencies in the development of thearea; 4) peace and order problem; 5) delineationof their AD.

2.2.4 Environmentally Constrained Areas

Environmentally constrained areas are areasprone to natural hazards. The country, by reason ofits geographic, geologic and tectonic setting, is proneto several geologic and natural hazards. Therecognition of these hazards is important to increasepublic awareness in order to prevent and/orminimize destruction to property and great loss oflife. Generally, there are two types of naturalhazards, the geologic hazards or geohazards andhydrologic hazards.

Geohazards refer to natural and man-inducedgeological processes that pose threat or risk and havethe potential of causing destruction to man’s lifeand property. It includes the earthquake/seismichazards, mass movements and volcanic hazards.

a. Earthquake/Seismic Hazards

The region is prone to earthquake/seismic hazard. Earthquake in the area maybegenerated by the Philippine Trench, the EastLuzon Trench and the Manila Trench. Othermajor active earthquake generators that mayaffect the region include the Valley Fault, thePhilippine Fault, the Lubang-Verde Island Fault.The Valley Fault System, the major fault inthe region consists of the non-active East ValleyFault and the active West Valley Fault. TheEast Valley Fault runs from the towns ofBinangonan and Taytay up to the north ofRodriguez in Rizal. The West Valley Fault runsfrom Rodriguez, Rizal to the Parañaque areato the western boundary of Laguna (San Pedro-Biñan-Sta. Rosa-Calamba) near its boundarywith Cavite (Carmona-Silang), gradually

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curving towards the west as it approaches theBatangas - Cavite boundary at Tagaytay Ridge.Another fault, the Lipa Fault, extends fromMaricaban Island south of Mabini, Batangas upto Lipa to the southeastern coast of LagunaLake. (Figure 2.19)

There are two large earthquakes to datereported pointing to or proximate the provinceof Quezon as the epicenter. The first is theAlabat Earthquake on August 20, 1937 and theRagay Gulf Earthquake on March 17, 1973. Thetown worst hit by the Ragay Gulf earthquakeis Caluag and Lopez in Quezon damagingproperties, transportation and communicationlines. In the Alabat Earthquake, damage tobuildings in greater Manila area, Laguna andBatangas were heavy.

The major causes of damage duringearthquakes/seismic hazards include hazardsdue to ground shaking, liquefaction, landslide,surface rupturing, and tsunami

Ground Shaking refers to the disruptingup-down sideways motion of the groundattendant to an earthquake event. In la rgemagnitude earthquakes, ground shaking cancause building collapse, liquefaction andlandslides.

The entire region may be affected by thishazard. The magnitude however, will dependon the intensity of the earthquake, thecharacteristic of the underlying rocks andproximity of the epicenter. PHILVOCS hasobserved that ground-shaking effects can befelt as far as 100 kilometers from the epicenter.On August 2, 1968, an earthquake with aRichter magnitude of 7.3 with the epicenterlocated 230 kilometers northeast of Manila orabout 60 kilometers northeast of Baler, Auroraaffected the whole region with strong groundshaking bringing damage to Rizal province. The

areas affected include Montalban, Cainta,Taytay, Teresa and Pililla.

Liquefaction refers to a process thattransforms the behavior of loose, water-saturated soil from solid to liquid. This occursduring intense ground shaking and results inforcible expulsion of water and sediments tothe surface in the form of water and sandfountaining. Soils, which are most likely toliquefy, are the recent alluvial depositscomposed of sands and silts (usually less than10,000 years old), with high ground waterlevels and poorly compacted fills aresusceptible to this hazard.

The coastal areas in Cavite and low-lyingareas of Imus, low-lying areas in Laguna, areasnear or surrounding the Laguna de Bay, thelow-lying areas near or surrounding the BalayanBay, Batangas Bay and Lobo in Batangas, low-lying areas of Angono, San Mateo, Rodriguezin Rizal and the northeastern Polillo andLucena-Tayabas, in Quezon area are prone tothis hazard.

Landslide refers to the downslopemovement of sliding masses of soil and/or rockdetached from the underlying stationary partof the slope. This occurs when slope materialsare no longer able to resist the force of gravity.It is sometimes called mass movement or masswasting. In general, areas with steep slopeunderlain by clayey soil or highly weatheredor fractured rock and transected by or near anactive fault are vulnerable to this hazard.

Landslide prone areas include theCarmona-Silang areas along the trace of WestValley Fault; the Tagaytay Ridge and nearbysteeply sloping areas. Deeply incised rivers,which are common in Cavite, are also proneto this hazard. Steeply sloping areas inCalamba, Los Baños, San Pablo, Paete,

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2.19

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2.20

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Kalayaan, Mabitac, Siniloan, and Famy areidentified landslide prone areas in Laguna. Thesteep topography of San Mateo, Antipolo,Morong, Tanay, Teresa, Pililla and Baras are theareas in Rizal prone to this hazard. In Quezonprovince, the municipalities in BondocPeninsula, Caluag, Lopez and Atimonan are theareas prone to landslide.

Surface Faulting/Rupturing refers to theoffset or tearing of the ground surface bydifferential movement along a fault during anearthquake. This effect is generally associatedwith Richter magnitudes of 5.5 or greater andis restricted to particularly earthquake-proneareas. Displacements range from a fewmillimeters to several meters, and the damageusually increases with increasing displacement.Significant damage is usually restricted to anarrow zone ranging up to 300 meters widealong the fault, although subsidiary rupturesmay occur three to four kilometers from themain fault.

Surface rupturing maybe pronounced ifit occurs in Carmona-Silang and Tagaytay Ridgeareas, in San Pedro, Biñan, Cabuyao and Sta.Rosa, Laguna, in Mabini Lipa, Cuenca,Batangas, municipalities which are dissectedby the active West Valley Fault. Lumban,Kalayaan, Paete and Famy, Laguna may alsoexperience surface rupturing hazard due to thenortheast trending fault. Surface rupturingmay occur in the municipalities of San Mateoand Rodriguez particularly those that are nearor within the Valley Fault System.

In addition to buildings, linear structuressuch as roads, railroads, bridges, tunnels, andpipelines are susceptible to damage fromsurface faulting. Obviously, the most effectiveway to limit such damage is to avoidconstruction in the immediate vicinity of activefaults.

Tsunami refers to water waves or seismicsea waves caused by large-scale suddenmovement of the sea floor, due usually toearthquakes and on rare occasions tolandslides, volcanic eruptions, or man-madeexplosions. These waves can reach up to tensof meters above sea level.

Occurrences are restricted along thecoastal town areas of Cavite that includeTernate, Naic, Tanza, Rosario, Noveleta, CaviteCity and Bacor towns. This hazard may occuralong the coastal areas of Batangas that includeBalayan Bay, Batangas Bay, Lobo, Nasugbu andCalatagan shore areas. Lake tsunami also occursin Taal Lake during the explosive eruptions ofTaal Volcano that creates large magnitude waveson the lake water induced by the suddendisplacement of materials caused by explosions,blasts, pyroclastic flows, landslides andearthquakes at or near the lakeshore Sincemost of the towns of Rizal are inland, tsunamihazard is unlikely to occur, except those nearthe shores of Laguna Lake like Angono, Jala-jala, Morong, Pililla, and Teresa where laketsunami may be possible. Laguna area is notvulnerable to this hazard.

b. Volcanic Hazards

The CALABARZON region has two activevolcanoes, Taal Volcano and Mt. Banahaw.

Taal Volcano is situated in a highlypopulated and rapidly growing agricultural andindustrial region. Five towns are locatedaround the lakeshore and 2 cities and 8 moretowns are lined up along its caldera rim. Since1572, Taal has erupted at least 34 times. Sinceearly 1991, the volcano has been restless, withswarms of earthquakes, new steaming areas,ground fracturing, and increases in watertemperature of the lake. Taal is one of 15“Decade Volcanoes” that have been identified

5656565656


by the volcanology community as presentinglarge potential hazards to population centers.

Figure 2.21 is an image of Taal volcano;the black area in the center is Taal Lake, whichnearly fills the 30-kilometer-diameter (18-mile)caldera. The caldera rim consists of deeplyeroded hills and cliffs. The large island in TaalLake, which itself contains a crater lake, isknown as Volcano Island. The bright yellowpatch on the southwest side of the island marksthe site of an explosion crater that formedduring a deadly eruption of Taal in 1965. Thebright area in the upper right of the image isthe densely populated city of Manila, only 50kilometers (30 miles) north of the central crater.

Mount Banahaw lies between theprovinces of Laguna and Quezon. Themunicipalities surrounding the volcano aresusceptible to various hazards posed by thevolcano. The volcano has four recorded eruptionsince 1970, the latest eruption in 1909.

The hazards posed by volcanoes aremostly associated with eruptions. These

include lava flows, and base surges, ash ortephra falls tsunami, seiches and fissuring.

Lava Flow refers to relatively large,coherent elongated streams of incandescentmolten volcanic rock materials, which usuallyooze non-explosively from the volcano’ssummit crater or from a vent near the summitand then move along ravines and gullies. Theseare extremely hot (about 1000°), viscous, andmove slowly. Because of the viscosity of themagma, lava flows do not spread out too farfrom the crater. Areas prone to lava flows arethe barangays confined with the Taal VolcanoIsland. Lava flows during eruptions in n 1968and 1969 were confined within the embaymentcreated by the 1965 eruption in the southwestflank of Volcano Island and apparently did notpose a significant threat at that time. However,lava flows could be a serious hazard at Taal iferupted from a lakeshore vent andaccompanied by violent hydrovolcanicexplosions resulting from lava-lakewaterinteraction.

Base surges are special form ofpyroclastic flow whose turbulent volcanicdebris-laden clouds flow rapidly outward in alldirection from the base of the main eruptioncolumn. The Taal Volcano Base Surges HazardMap (Figure 2.22) shows the municipalities ofTalisay, Laurel, and Agoncillo as areassusceptible to base surges. Base surgeeruptions in 1911 and 1965 blasted the villagesto the west of the vent at Volcano Island,traveling 3 km across Taal Lake. This particularhazard is the notorious cause of deaths anddestructions both on Volcano Island and inlakeshore areas as surges can propagate overthe lake without significant reduction in force.

Tephra falls are materials extruded byvolcanic explosions, which are transportedthrough the air. Tephra includes particles and

Figure 2.21Taal Volcano

5757575757


2.22

5858585858


2.23

5959595959

fragments of any size remaining from hugeblocks of bombs (more than 60mm in size) tolapilli (2-64m) to ash (less than 2mm). Ash,because of its small size, can be thrown highupward, remain airborne for a long time andcan be carried by prevailing winds to fardistances.

Figure 2.23 shows the areas, which areat risk of tephra fall. High-risk areas will likelyreceive more than centimeter thick ashfall,moderate risk area will receive 1 – 10centimeters while low risk area will likelyreceive one centimeter thick ashfall. Areasprone to tephra falls and ballistic projectilesare those near the volcano which t includeLaurel, Tagaytay City, Tanauan, Malvar, Lipa,San Jose, Cuenca, Lemery, Taal, andAgoncillo.Meanwhile, Calamba-Los Baños mayreceive 1 centimeter thick ash fall if Taal eruptswith the same intensity as before, while otherareas will receive minimal ash fall hazard

depending on the magnitude of eruption anddirection of the wind.

Seiches refers to seismically inducedoscillation or sloshing of water contained inreservoirs, lakes, ponds and other bodies ofwater. Figure 2.24 shows the areas susceptibleto seiches/lakewater oscillation. All Taallakeshore municipalities are prone to thishazard resulting to inundation of land andstructures. Ground fissuring refers to a breakor rupture in the ground caused by movementof magma beneath the earth surface, usuallyaccompanied by earthquakes. The Taal VolcanoFissuring Hazard Map (Figure 2.24) shows theareas susceptible to this hazard.

c. Hydrologic Hazards

Hydrologic hazards include fluvial (river)flooding and coastal flooding. Floods aregenerated by excessive rainfall associated with


A 1 5

6060606060


2.24

6161616161

tropical cyclone occurrences.

River Flooding occurs when the capacityof stream channels to conduct water isexceeded and water overflows the riverbanks.Floods are natural phenomena, and maybeexpected to occur at irregular intervals on allstream and rivers.

Coastal Flooding is caused by stormsurges, often exacerbated by storm run-offfrom the upper watershed. Tsunamis are aspecial type of sea-borne flood. Storm surgesare an abnormal rise in sea water levelassociated hurricanes and other storms at sea.Surges result from strong on-shore winds and/or intense low-pressure cells and oceanstorms.

Areas prone to hydrologic hazard inCavite include the coastal towns Naic, Tanza,Rosario, Noveleta, Cavite City, Kawit, andBacoor and those near large rivers. Thelakeshore towns encircling the Laguna de Bayare susceptible to lakeshore flooding and thisinclude the towns of San Pedro, Biñan, Sta.Rosa, Calamba, Cabuyao, Calamba, Sta. Cruz,Lumban, Paete, Siniloan, and Famy. InBatangas, the municipalities of Lemery,Calaca, Bauan, Mabini, Batangas City and Lobo

are prone to coastal flooding. The San Juanarea, on the other hand, is prone to riverflooding. In Rizal, the towns of Cainta, Taytay,San Mateo, Montalban, are prone to riverflooding; while the towns of Morong, Teresa,Pililla, Jala-jala are prone to lakeshoreflooding. The coastal municipalities Lucena,Atimonan, Gumaca, Plaridel, Calauag, Sariaya,and the Bondoc Peninsula in Quezon are proneto coastal flooding.

d. Erosion

Erosion is a destructive process thatsmoothens the earth surface by leveling downirregularities like mountains, hills andeverything rising above sea level. The majorelement of erosion in the region is waterespecially during heavy rainfall. Erosion causesthe topsoil and everything on the land surfacealong with the flowing water to be carriedaway usually resulting in flooding. Table 2.26and Figure 2.25 depict the seriousness oferosion in the region. Recent typhoons has ledto the erosion in many parts of Real, Infantaand Gen. Nakar in Quezon. The calamity hasbrought a total of 733 dead, 575 injured, 318missing and 75,464 families evacuatedaccording to the partial data of the PhilippineNational Police (PNP)

Table 2.26Erosion Classes by Province


1,294,427210,687264,372819,368CALABARZON

113,06460,9487,64744,469Rizal

679,43247,023104,898527,511Quezon

113,48518,59111,53983,355Laguna

125,8852,0182,800121,067Cavite

262,56182,107137,48842,966Batangas

TotalSevereModerateSlightProvince

1,294,427210,687264,372819,368CALABARZON

113,06460,9487,64744,469Rizal

679,43247,023104,898527,511Quezon

113,48518,59111,53983,355Laguna

125,8852,0182,800121,067Cavite

262,56182,107137,48842,966Batangas

TotalSevereModerateSlightProvince

SOURCE: Bureau of Soils and Water Management


6262626262


2.25

6363636363

Urbanization andSettlement Pattern 3

Settlements are areas where concentrationsof population engaged in economic, political, cul-tural and social activities are relatively high. Theareas vary from small agricultural-based rural vil-lages to metropolitan urban centers with high con-centration of people (NFPP, 2003). In the RegionalPhysical Framework Plan (RPFP) for CALABARZON,the settlements component is a synthesis of the lo-cation, scope and direction of urban growth in theregion.

3.1 Urban Barangays

Based on the 2000 Census, CALABARZON hasthe highest proportion of urban barangays (42.3 %)outside of NCR, and is followed by Region III with41.4 percent. Rizal, Cavite, and Laguna ranked first,second, and third respectively, with the highest pro-portions of urbanbarangays. Batangasand Quezon postedrelatively low per-centage of urbanbarangays with 38 and10 percent, respec-tively. The change inbarangay classifica-tion appears to befaster in municipali-ties and cities adja-cent to NCR and arelying along the majortransport axes. Theseareas have becomeimmediate catchment

of Metro Manila’s urbanization’s spillover.

Figure 2.26 show that majority or 83.4 per-cent of Rizal’s barangays are now classified as ur-ban. Rizal has the highest proportion of barangaysclassified as urban. In contrast, Quezon has only 119barangays considered as urban out of the 1,242 to-tal number of barangays.

Figure 2.27 shows the extent of urbanizationin the region for the period 1990 and 2000. The ar-eas marked with dark red are the barangays classi-fied as urban since 1990. There are 1,313 barangaysthat fall into this category. The areas maked withlight red are the barangays reclassified as urban onlyin 2000 while the areas colored yellow are the ur-ban barangays in 1990 but were reclassified as ruralin 2000. The rural barangays reclassified as urban in

6464646464

2000 numbered 340 while the urban barangays re-classified to rural totaled 333. The areas coloredlight black are the rural barangays that has notchanged status. These barangays comprised the bulkwith 1,979 or 49 percent of the total 4,009 barangaysof the region.

3.2 Urban Population

The high urban growth rate average of 5.79percent between 1970 to 2000 made CALABARZONthe most highly urbanized region outside NCR. In2000, the region’s urban population comprised 67.4percent of its total population. This share is expectedto increase to 70 percent in 2010. While in general,the rapid increase in urban population is due to themovement of people from rural to urban areas withinthe province, this is not true for Rizal, Cavite andLaguna (RICALA). The increase in urban populationin these provinces was due mainly to the migrationof people from NCR and other regions of the coun-try. In some cases, migration was initially towardsthe rural areas of the region. As these rural areasgrew and developed, they were later reclassified asurban areas. The massive movement of people to

the RICALA made these provinces among the areaswith the highest proportion of urban population:Rizal, 94 percent; Cavite, at 87 percent; and La-guna, at 84 percent. In comparison, less than halfof the population of Batangas and Quezon reside inthe urban areas.

Ten cities and 31 municipalities are alreadyclassified as 100 percent urban. Most of these formpart of the catchment area. However, they have thesmallest land area among the municipalities and cit-ies in the region.

As mentioned in the earlier analysis of popu-lation data for the period 1970 to 2000, the overallUrban Rural Growth Development (URGD) has beenobserved to be consistently positive which reflectsthat urban population has been experiencing muchfaster growth than the rural population. However,between 1990 and 2000, Quezon and Rizal registerednegative URGD, indicating de-urbanization. A reviewof the population distribution by municipality showedthat 35 out of 40 municipalities of Quezon and fourout of 13 municipalities of Rizal had undergone de-urbanization.

Table 2.27Number and Percentage of Urban Barangays and Population

CALABARZON, 2000

95.81,635,4131,707,21883.4156Rizal22.0368,7221,679,0309.6119Quezon83.51,641,2721,965,87253.6361Laguna86.81,791,0682,063,16179.0654Cavite44.4844,9811,905,35838.0409Batangas42.46,281,5069,320,62942.41,699CALABARZON59.74,901,2578,204,74241.41,311Region 3

100.09,932,5609,932,560 100.01,694NCR48.036,756,88176,504,07723.89,998Philippines

%Urban Pop.Total Pop.%NumberPopulationUrban Barangays

95.81,635,4131,707,21883.4156Rizal22.0368,7221,679,0309.6119Quezon83.51,641,2721,965,87253.6361Laguna86.81,791,0682,063,16179.0654Cavite44.4844,9811,905,35838.0409Batangas42.46,281,5069,320,62942.41,699CALABARZON59.74,901,2578,204,74241.41,311Region 3

100.09,932,5609,932,560 100.01,694NCR48.036,756,88176,504,07723.89,998Philippines

%Urban Pop.Total Pop.%NumberPopulationUrban Barangays

Source: NSO

3. Urbanization and Settlement Pattern

6565656565


Figu

re 2

.27

Urb

an-R

ural

Cla

ssifi

catio

n of

Bar

anga

ysC

ALA

BA

RZO

N, 1

990

and

200

6666666666


3.3 Built-Up Areas

The total built-up area of the region is esti-mated at 171,378.31 hectares. This represents 16.3percent of the total land classified as A & D. Byprovince, Rizal province showed the highest pro-portion (75 %) of built-up areas in relation to its

total A & D while Laguna had the least with 1.1 per-cent. Cavite also registered high proportion of built-up areas in relation to its A and D at 53 percent. Interms of percentage distribution of built-up areasby province, Cavite got the biggest share with 34percent while Laguna had the least with less thanone percent. The percentage share of Rizal and

BUILT-UP AREAS

6767676767

Batangas to the total built-up area of the region isalso substantial at 28 and 21 percent , respectively.The data for Laguna might need validation consid-ering the wide extent of urbanization as shown inTable 2.29 of the areas adjacent to NCR. It shall bepoint out, however, that the urban-rural classifica-tion of NSO is on a per barangay basis and not onexact location of establishments, hence, this tendto be more extensive in scope compared with thebuilt-up areas.

The map on built-up areas (Figure 2.28) ob-tained from the SAFDZ is consistent with the urbanclassification map of barangays (Figure 2.28), atleast in terms of direction. The map generally indi-cates that the areas near NCR have the highest con-centration of built-up areas.

3.4 Existing Hierarchy of Settlements andSettlements Patterns

CALABARZON is composed of five provinces,10 cities, 132 municipalities and 4,009 barangaysconnected with each other in varying degrees physi-cally and economically. These political subdivisionsform a regionwide, hierarchichal network of settle-ments. The provinces are linked by several roadnetworks notably the Philippine-Japan Friendship

Highway which traverses Laguna, Batangas andQuezon, and the Cavite Coastal Road, which con-nects the region to Metro Manila. Due to heavy traf-fic volume in the urban centers, new road networkshave been built such as the Southern Tagalog AccessRoad (STAR), Manila South Road (MSR) and ManilaEast Road.

The existing settlements pattern of the region(Figure 2.29) is undoubtedly influenced heavily byits proximity to the NCR. It is for this reasonthat the hierarchy of settlements of CALABARZON isquite different with other regions of the countrywhere normally the regional centers are the domi-nant urban centers. For the CALABARZON, the hier-archy of settlements is characterized by the pres-ence of several clusters of contiguous municipali-ties and cities, which perform functions similar tothose of a metropolis. These clusters are collectivelytermed as the Urban Growth Clusters (UGC) orCatchment Areas. The UGC is followed by the largeand medium towns. These towns have populationmore than twenty-five thousand and serve as ad-ministrative, social and economic centers to adja-cent municipalities. The rest of the municipalitiesare considered as small towns, each of which havetheir central business districts that serve as centersfor commerce and provide primary social services.

Sources of Data: 1/DENR, 2/Estimates of PPDOs, 3/Computed

Table 2.28Total Land Area, A & D, Estimated Built-Up Areas and

Percentage of Built-Up Areas from A&DCALABARZON, 2002

28.1975.6348,319.0063,889130,892Rizal

16.455.9428,200.00474,439870,660Quezon

0.841.061,431.10134,720175,973Laguna

33.5953.4357,563.20107,733128,755Cavite

20.9313.3935,865.01267,760316,581Batangas

10016.34171,378.311,048,5411,622,861Region IV-A

Percentage Share of Built-Up Areas by Province3/

Percentage of Built-Up Areas

from A & D3/Built-up Area2/

(Has)

A & D1/

(Has)

Total Land Area1/

(Has)

Provinces

28.1975.6348,319.0063,889130,892Rizal

16.455.9428,200.00474,439870,660Quezon

0.841.061,431.10134,720175,973Laguna

33.5953.4357,563.20107,733128,755Cavite

20.9313.3935,865.01267,760316,581Batangas

10016.34171,378.311,048,5411,622,861Region IV-A

Percentage Share of Built-Up Areas by Province3/

Percentage of Built-Up Areas

from A & D3/Built-up Area2/

(Has)

A & D1/

(Has)

Total Land Area1/

(Has)

Provinces


6868686868

3.4.1 Urban Growth Clusters (UGC)

The UGC are highly urbanized cities and mu-nicipalities that provide wide range and the highestlevels and scales of services (Figure 2.30). The clus-ter stretches from Rodriguez, Rizal in the north downto Batangas City and Pagbilao in the south.

The UGC is subdivided into the followinggroups:

a. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-SanMateo-Cainta-Taytaytay-Antipolo City-Angono-Binangonan

b.Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Biñan-Sta. Rosa-Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baños-Bay(Comprise mainly of the 1st and Second Districtsof Laguna)

c. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-Dasmariñas-Kawit-GMA-Carmona-Noveleta-Cavite City

d.Tagaytay-Silang Cluster: Tagaytay-Silang

e.Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-Naic-Tanza-Trece Martirez City


Urban Growth CorridorLarge TownMedium TownSmall Town

Legend Urban Growth CorridorLarge TownMedium TownSmall Town






Legend

Figure 2.29Existing Hierarchy of Settlements

CALABARZON

Urban Growth CorridorLarge TownMedium TownSmall Town







Legend

Figure 2.29Existing Hierarchy of Settlements

CALABARZON

6969696969

f. Metro Batangas: SanJose-Batangas City-SanPascual-Bauan-Mabini

g. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-Malvar—Tanuan-LipaCity

h.San Pablo City-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City(Laguna)-Tiaong-Candelaria-Sariaya-Tayabas-Lucena City-Pagbilao

Except Laguna province whose provincial capi-tol is in Santa Cruz, the seats of the provincial gov-ernments are located in these clusters. The desig-nated regional government center, Calamba City, isalso part of the cluster. Most regional offices of na-tional line agencies are now located in these clus-ters.

Aside from serving as administrative centers,these clusters serve the hubs of economic activities

in the region in terms of industrial, commercial, fi-nancial, and support services. Minimal agriculturalactivities are found in these clusters.

3.4.2 Large Towns and Medium Towns

In the case of Laguna, the provincial capital-Santa Cruz serves as its administrative, economicand social services center particularly the 3rd and4th congressional districts. Other large towns suchas Siniloan also in Laguna and Catanuan and Gen-eral Nakar in Quezon provide services to the sur-rounding municipalities as transshipment points oflocal products before being transported to othermunicipalities. These large towns, being classifiedas minor urban settlements, serve as agriculturalservice centers. They offer a range of urban ser-vices and facilities that compliment those of theclusters and have the potential to become interme-diate-sized centers.


Calamba City

Antipolo City

Batangas City

Lucena City

San Pablo City

Lipa City

Tagaytay City

Dasmariñas

Legend 1 - Metro Rizal Urban Cluster2 - Western Laguna Urban Cluster3 - Northern Cavite Urban Cluster4 - Central Cavite Urban Cluster5 - Tagaytay-Silang Urban Cluster6 - Metro Batangas Urban Cluster7 - Metro Lipa Urban Cluster8 - San Pablo-etro Lucena Urban ClusterResource-Based Area

Figure 2.30Urban Development Cluster/Corridor


Calamba City

Antipolo City

Batangas City

Lucena City

San Pablo City

Lipa City

Tagaytay City

Dasmariñas

Legend 1 - Metro Rizal Urban Cluster2 - Western Laguna Urban Cluster3 - Northern Cavite Urban Cluster4 - Central Cavite Urban Cluster5 - Tagaytay-Silang Urban Cluster6 - Metro Batangas Urban Cluster7 -

Calamba City

Antipolo City

Batangas City

Lucena City

San Pablo City

Lipa City

Tagaytay City

Dasmariñas

Legend 1 - Metro Rizal Urban Cluster2 - Western Laguna Urban Cluster3 - Northern Cavite Urban Cluster4 - Central Cavite Urban Cluster5 - Tagaytay-Silang Urban Cluster6 - Metro Batangas Urban Cluster7 - Metro Lipa Urban Cluster8 - San Pablo-etro Lucena Urban ClusterResource-Based Area

Figure 2.30Urban Development Cluster/Corridor


7070707070

Medium towns as identified in the ProvincialPhysical Framework Plans (PPFPs) include: (1)Batangas – cuenca, Mataas na Kahoy, Ibaan, PadreGarcia, Taysan, Lobo, Tuy, Lian, Calatagan andTalisay; (2) Laguna – Alaminos, Calauan, Lumban,Liliw, Nagcarlan, Paete, Pagsanjan and Pila; (3)Quezon – Calauag, Gumaca, Lucban, Lopez andMauban; and, (4) Rizal – Baras, Jala-jala, Morongand Pililla.

3.4.3 Small Towns and Central BusinessDistricts (CBDs)

In the case of the Central Business Districts(CBD), usually the “poblaciones”, smaller towns andcities and other rural settlements provide direct linksto rural production areas that are not served by thelarger urban centers. As link to these areas. Thesepoblaciones are characterized by the presence ofsmall-scale agricultural services such as milling andprocessing suppliers of farm inputs and implements,and the presence of low level services for healthand education.

3.5 Criteria Used in Identifying the Hierarchyof Centers in the Region

The spatial pattern and settlement hierarchyin the region are generally identified in terms ofthe roles and functions that the cities and munici-palities play in the development of the CALABARZONregion. The identification of hierarchy was also basedon the criteria developed by the provinces in theformulation of their respective PPFPs. The PPFPscategorized each city/municipality into levels ofurban hierarchy according to roles, indicator func-tion and population size.

3.6 Accessibility Analysis

The scalogram (Table 2.29) for the developmentclusters of the region indicates that generally, thelevel and scale of urban service in the region is di-rectly proportional to population size. The presence

of service facilities in in the UGC which is more popu-lous is more evident compared with the rural growthclusters. Areas with population size greater than200,000 can support functions and services such assubdivisions, fastfoods, banks, universities, three-starhotels, tertiary hospitals and malls. Again, theCALABARZON’s proximity to NCR may be one of thefactors that determine the type and level of servicesthe region’s settlements provide aside from popula-tion size. This is shown by the fact that although someof the clusters in the region have larger populationsizes compared with Metro Cebu and Metro Davao,the region does not have an international airport. Itis in this light that the link of CALABARZON to theNCR needs to be enhanced because of the need foraccess to regional or international airport, whichCALABARZON does not have yet at present.

In terms of travel time to provincial centers,all the provincial centers are accessible and withrelatively good quality of roads except for Quezon.Travel time to Lucena City, the provincial adminis-trative center, from the Northern most part ofQuezon (General Nakar) takes four hours while theSouthernmost (Tagkawayan) takes three to fourhours. On the other hand, travel time to Lucena Cityfrom its island municipality of Jomalig takes sevenhours. Areas included in the UGC which have thehighest level of services are also highly accessibleto the medium and small towns.

3.7 Implication of Urbanization

The proportion of of population residing inareas classified as urban is expected to expand dra-matically. If the current trend continues, 100 per-cent of the population will be living in urban areasby 2035. The provinces adjacent to NCR will reach100 urbanization level much earlier than the pro-jection for the region. The province of Rizal will be100 percent urban before 2010, Cavite by 2011 andLaguna by 2015. Batangas and Quezon will takelonger period of time before they reach 100 per-cent urbanization level.


7171717171

Figure 2.31Actual and Projected Proportion of Urban and Rural Population


34.6

43

58.4

67.3965.4

57

41.6

32.61

81.2787.63

92.45

18.7312.37

7.540

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040

Urban (Actual) Rural (Actual) Urban (Projected) Rural (Projected)

Figure 2.31Actual and Projected Proportion of Urban and Rural Population



329,102Batangas-Quezon Agri-based Corridor12

201,424Tagaytay-Silang Cluster *13

199,147Lakeshore Municipality of Batangas14

716,224Upland Cav-Bat Agri-Tour Corridor6

701,297Banahaw-Laguna Lakeshore Corridor7

509,819Sierra-Madre-Pacific Corridor8458,872Metro Batangas Cluster *9449,070Metro Lipa Cluster *10406,209Central Cavite Cluster *11

Malls 5 Star Hotel Seaport Regional

Airport

748,175Bondoc Peninsula5809,934San Pablo-Metro Lucena *4

1,131,787Western Laguna Cluster *31,234,880Northern Cavite Cluster *21,424,689Northern Rizal Cluster *1

Interna-tionalAirport

Hospital3 Star Hotel

Univer-sityBankFast

FoodSubdi-visionPopulationAreasRank








Airport





Univer-sityBankFast

FoodSubdi-visionAreasRank

Notes: Those with asterisks (*) are the Urban development corridors/clusters while the unmarked are the resource-based area corridors/clusters. Note that some of the resource-based corridors have higher population count because there are more municipalities included in the cluster.

Table 2.29Scalogram of Development Clusters








Airport





Univer-sityBankFast









Airport


1,131,787Western Laguna Cluster *31,234,880Northern Cavite Cluster *2








Airport





Univer-sityBankFast











Airport





Univer-sityBankFast

FoodSubdi-visionPopulationAreasRank








Airport










Airport





Univer-sityBankFast











Airport

748,175

1,424,689Northern Rizal Cluster *1



Univer-sityBankFast











Airport





Univer-sityBankFast









Airport










Airport










Airport





Univer-sityBankFast




7272727272

The growth rate of the urban population inCALABARZON was consistently higher than its totalPopulation Growth Rate. The urban-rural growthdifferentials (URGD) have been consistently positivewith the urban population growing faster than therural population though not on a steady increase,with 3.7 percent during the 1970-1980 period; 6.4percent between 1980 to 1990; and 4.0 percent be-tween 1990 to 2000.

During the period 1990 to 2000, the URGD wasconsistently positive in the provinces of Batangas,Cavite and Laguna while Quezon and Rizal registerednegative URGD (Table 2.30). The negative URGD reg-istered by Quezon and Rizal may be due to the factthat some portion of the population might havesettled in areas classified as rural although the Na-tional Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) indi-cates that rural areas usually have higher total fer-tility rates compared to urban areas. The increas-ing growth rate of the rural population had to beevaluated closely because areas classified as envi-ronmentally critical might have been occupied byinformal settlers.

By all indications, the movement of the popu-lation is urbanward particularly in municipalitiesnear NCR. As shown in the data, however, eight clus-ters of municipalities in the five provinces of theregion manifested high population growth. Collec-

tively, these areas comprise 65 percent of the totalpopulation in the region or six out of tenCALABARZONian reside in these clusters. Populationdensities and growth rates are highest in these catch-ment areas. Figure 2.32 shows the change in popu-lation densities from 1980 to 2000.

While cities and urban areas are consideredas engines of growth and natural focal points forcultural and socio-economic innovations and change,unplanned growth of these areas may lead to a cri-sis in living conditions and in social and health ser-vices. The rapid growth of urban areas caused bymigration, population momentum and high fertilitymay outpace governments’ abilities to provide ba-sic services and economic opportunities. Populationgrowth in unplanned areas will strain urban infra-structures and caused severe housing shortages,congestion, higher crime rates and increased pollu-tion, and may contribute to the spread of communi-cable diseases. Unless concerted action is taken toaddress the root causes of rapid urbanization, in-cluding migration from rural to urban areas, thenumber of people living in slums will grow in thecoming years (UNFPA). It is in this light that the Re-gional Physical Framework Plan (RPFP) shall en-deavor to push for development strategies that willenable people living in rural areas to survive andprosper without having to consider migration to cit-ies as their only viable option.

SOURCE: NSO

Table 2.30Population Growth Rate by Urban-Rural and Urban-Rural Growth Differential (URGD)


4.006.413.681.410.071.805.416.485.48CALABARZON-9.63-2.3110.2415.1011.01-0.395.478.709.85Rizal-5.591.820.403.591.412.15-2.003.232.55Quezon5.656.344.57-0.77-0.780.844.885.565.41Laguna7.367.984.000.00-1.301.837.366.685.83Cavite7.966.151.78-0.171.012.127.807.163.90Batangas

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

URGDRuralUrbanAreas

4.006.413.681.410.071.805.416.485.48CALABARZON-9.63-2.3110.2415.1011.01-0.395.478.709.85Rizal-5.591.820.403.591.412.15-2.003.232.55Quezon5.656.344.57-0.77-0.780.844.885.565.41Laguna7.367.984.000.00-1.301.837.366.685.83Cavite7.966.151.78-0.171.012.127.807.163.90Batangas

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

1990-2000

1980-1990

1970-1980

URGDRuralUrbanAreas


7373737373


Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 2000.

Areas w/ pop. Density below 574.33 persons/sq. km.

Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 1980



Areas w/ pop. Density below 574.33 persons/sq. km.

Areas w/ pop. Density Above 574.33 persons/sq. km since 1980


Figure 2.32Change in Population Density by City/Municipality

CALABARZON Region, 1980 - 2000











7474747474

InfrastructureUtilities4

4.1 Transportation

4.1.1 Roads

Being a mainland region, CALABARZON isdominated by road-based transport system,particularly major national roads connecting primaryand secondary urban centers. Among these majorroads are:

· The South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) of the mainbackbone connecting Manila extends towardsCalamba City passing through San Pedro, Biñan,Sta. Rosa and Cabuyao;

· The Manila-Batangas Road connecting CalambaCity and Batangas City passing through Lipa City;

· The newly built 22-kilometer Southern TagalogAccess Road (STAR) a fast alternative routefrom Sto. Tomas, Batangas to Lipa City andBatangas City;

· The Manila South Road (MSR) linking CalambaCity to Quezon in the south up to the BicolRegion. (The MSR forms part of the MaharlikaHighway (PAN-Philippine Highway), thecountry’s main trunkline linking north andsouth);

· The Manila East Road links Rizal starting fromCainta towards the municipalities of Lagunaand Quezon;

· Manila-Cavite Expressway, Aguinaldo Highway,Molino Road, Calamba-Tagaytay Roadand Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay Road are mainroutes to Cavite;

The proximity of Region IV-A tothe NCR has generated heavy trafficvolume particularly in urban centerswhere regional and provincial tripsfor passengers, commodities andvehicles are high. These areas havebeen identified through the Origin-Destination (OD) survey contained inthe Master Plan on the Luzon IslandStrategic Road Development Network(LISR), series of 2001.

In provincial trips, the highestgenerators for passenger trips are

7575757575

Cavite, Laguna and Batangas. Commodity trips arehighest in Batangas and Quezon with NCR as the mainattractor. For inter-region trips, passenger movementis highest in Region IV-A, followed by Region III andNCR. For intra-regional commodity trips, Region IV-Ais second to Region III. For commodity group trips,movements for manufacturing products are mostprevalent in Region IV-A, Region III and NCR. Mineralproducts including petrol have the most intra-regiontrips in Region IV-A.

Vehicle registration in the region hasdoubled from 296,512 in 1996 to 560,196 in 2002.This means an average annual growth rate of 9.57percent. Registration in 2002 comprised of 409,752private, 146,086 for hire and 4,358 governmentvehicles. With these figures, the increase in vehiclesin the region as those the rest of the country, isseen to continue.

The region’s road systems, particularly the two-lane national roads, were designed for traffic volumebelow 10,000 veh/day. Congestion occurs when trafficexceeded this volume. Traffic volume is highest in

the Laguna section of the South Luzon Expresswaywith more than 50,000 Annual Average Daily Traffic(AADT) in various sections and more than 10,000 onnational roads going to urban centers (Table 2.31).The 1999 traffic level was taken from actual countsand compared with forecasts in the LISR Study.


SOURCE: DPWH LISR Study

Table 2.31Road Sections with Estimated Annual

EstimateAverageDaily Traffic (ADDT) >10,000)CALABARZON, 1999

46,227.00Pasig-Binangonan21,040.00Marikina-Infanta20,013.00Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay18,193.00Calamba-Tagaytay17,675.00Dasmari?as-Tagaytay19,443.00Bacoor-Dasamari?as17,381.00Mla . South Road (San Pedro- Calamba)18,099.00Sto . Tomas-Batangas Road51,000.00Cabuyao-Calamba56,111.00Sta. Rosa-Cabuyao68,355.00Carmona-Sta. Rosa

South Luzon ExpresswayAADTRoad Name
























7676767676

In general, the road requirementdepends on land area and population. Oneof the indicators being used to assess roadadequacy is the road density. The region’soverall road network as of year 2000,measured 11, 510.78 kilometers comprising2,288.74 kilometers of national road and9,222.03 kilometers of local roads. Thistranslates into a road density of 0.71 km/sq. km. which is higher than the nationalaverage of 0.60 km/sq. km. The standardroad density in relation to land area is 1km/sq. km. Cavite and Batangas have roaddensities above the standard, Laguna andRizal are slightly below the standard whileQuezon has the lowest at 0.26. In termsof the road density in relation topopulation, Quezon fared well at 1.23 km/1000 population while Rizal has the lowestroad density at 0.67 km/1000 population.

The region’s total road networkstill needs much improvement andupgrading since only 44 percent are paved.The paved road ratio shows thepercentage of paved road and alsoindicates how much of the road networkis to be improved. Laguna has the highestpaved road ratio at 0.66 while Quezon hasthe lowest at 0.26. Road densities andpaved road ratio are shown in Table 2.32.

On bridges, there are about 15,506lineal meters of bridges along the national road inthe region as of year 2000. Of these, 93 percent areof permanent structure while the remaining 7percent are still temporary or bailey/timber bridges.

4.1.2 Ports

There are 146 existing ports in theCALABARZON Region. These consist of 52 fishingports, 33 feeder ports, 37 private commercial portsand 24 public commercial ports. Feeder and public

commercial ports are owned and operated by thegovernment to serve the needs of the general public.Fishing ports are either owned or operated by thegovernment or private entities constructed primarilyto serve the fishing industry. The private commercialports, which are owned and operated by privateentities, are constructed primarily to serve the needsof the owner. Table 2.34 shows the distribution ofports per province. Ports located in Batangas, Cavite,Laguna and Quezon are seaports while ports locatedin Rizal and Laguna are within Laguna de Bay.

4. Infrastructure Utilities

SOURCE of Basic Data: DPWH CO

Table 2.32Road Densities and Paved Road Ratio by Province

CALABARZON, 2000

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III

0.440.711.2311,510.78CALABARZON0.570.870.671,138.10Rizal0.260.412.143,589.81Quezon0.660.970.861,696.56Laguna0.561.290.801,658.13Cavite0.411.081.803,428.18Batangas

Paved RoadRatio

Density Per Land Area

(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III


Paved RoadRatio


(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province



CALABARZON, 2000

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III


Paved RoadRatio


(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III


Paved RoadRatio


(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province



CALABARZON, 2000

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III


Paved RoadRatio


(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province

0.210.602.64201,994.1

2Philippines

-7.310.474,631.60NCR-0.831.9015,245.23 Region III


Paved RoadRatio


(Km/Sq.Km.)

Density Per 1000

Population

Total RoadLength

(Km)Province

SOURCE: DPWH as cited in the 2005 RSEP of NSCB

Table 2.33Number of Length of Existing National Bridges

by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2002-2003 (Length/Span in Kilometers)

6.162405.28168Quezon

1.31491.3749Rizal

3.881423.66143Batangas

2.27972.31105Laguna

2.42912.3887Cavite

16.0461915.21552CALABARZON

SpanNumberSpanNumber

20032002Area

6.162405.28168Quezon

1.31491.3749Rizal

3.881423.66143Batangas

2.27972.31105Laguna

2.42912.3887Cavite

16.0461915.21552CALABARZON


20032002Area

SOURCE: DPWH as cited in the 2005 RSEP of NSCB

Table 2.33Number of Length of Existing National Bridges

by ProvinceCALABARZON, 2002-2003 (Length/Span in Kilometers)

6.162405.28168Quezon

1.31491.3749Rizal

3.881423.66143Batangas

2.27972.31105Laguna

2.42912.3887Cavite

16.0461915.21552CALABARZON


20032002Area

6.162405.28168Quezon

1.31491.3749Rizal

3.881423.66143Batangas

2.27972.31105Laguna

2.42912.3887Cavite

16.0461915.21552CALABARZON


20032002Area

7777777777


Major port activities arederived from robust demand fromcommodities, manufacturing andconstruction materials handling aswell as developments in theagriculture sector.

Batangas Port in BatangasCity, which is considered as one ofthe major ports of entry in thePhilippines, has consistently postedthe highest record in shipping,passenger and cargo movements. Ithas occupied the topmost positionin the total cargo haul followed by the NorthHarbor in Manila. In passenger handling, it is listedas second to Manila’s North Harbor.

Figure 2.34 shows the Batangas PortStatistics for the past five years, from 1998-2002.During this period, shipcalls, cargo and passengersmovements registered average annual growth ratesof 3.23%, 5.94% and 10.97%, respectively. Therewere simultaneous increase in all port movementsin year 2000 when Phase I of the Batangas PortDevelopment Project was completed. The projectaimed to increase capacity of the existing portand complement the Port of Manila.

In 2001, a decrease in all port movementswas experienced but in 2002 passenger trafficwent up to as much as 24 percent. The port wasplanned to be fully developed as an internationalcontainer port. With the ongoing construction ofthe Phase II project, it is expected to furtherrespond to the increasing demands both withinthe region and from neighboring regions.

Aside from Batangas Port, two other portsare under the PPA port system namely the SiainPort in Quezon and Bauan Port in Batangas. Twoother ports are being developed as Roro terminalports - the Lucena Port in Lucena City andCalatagan Port in Calatagan, Batangas. Calatagan

Passenger boarding bridges (Batangas Port Phase I)

Bething facility in Batangas Port (Phase I)

Port is being developed by PPA as sister port ofLubang Port in Occidental Mindoro. The new portlink is envisioned to be part of the Strong RepublicNautical Highway (SRNH). The SRNH is a Ro-Ro portlink from Batangas Port towards Zamboanga inMindanao and vice-versa.

SOURCE: NSCB

Table 2.34Distribution of Ports by Province, Classification and Status

CALABARZON, 1999

1213424373352146CALABARZON64016642046Quezon0360226836Rizal370001010Laguna2411046Cavite14772831048Batangas

PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional

CommercialFeederFishing

StatusClassification

TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince

SOURCE: NSCB


CALABARZON, 1999


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



Total

SOURCE: NSCB


CALABARZON, 1999


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince

SOURCE: NSCB


CALABARZON, 1999


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince

SOURCE: NSCB


CALABARZON, 1999


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



Total

SOURCE: NSCB


CALABARZON, 1999


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince


PublicPrivate

Non-Opera-tional

Opera-tional



TotalProvince

7878787878


7979797979

4.1.3 Airports

The airport system in CALABARZONis not extensive due to the region’sproximity to Metro Manila where the NinoyAquino International Airport (NAIA) islocated. The region’s airport system catersonly to general aviation type of operation.General aviation is typically described asall aviation other than scheduledcommercial flights and military aviationsuch as unscheduled commercialoperations, corporate flight operations and privateaviation.

As of 2000, there are only eight (8) existingand operational airports in the region as shown inTable 2.36. These are classified into four (4) private,three (3) feeder (public) airports and one (1) militaryairport. Majority of these airports are located inQuezon with two (2) feeder airports (1 public, 1private) in Polillo Island, and one (1) feeder airporteach in Lucena, Alabat, and Pagbilao (private).Batangas has two (2) private airports located inCalatagan and Tanauan.

Aircaft and passenger movements in JomaligAirport (Polillo) have declined since 1996 to 2000while its cargo traffic went down by 91 percent inyear 2000. Likewise, Lucena Airport hasregistered its highest passenger traffic in1998 and went down to zero in year 2000.Only 6 aircraft movements were registeredin 2000.

The Fernando Airbase in Lipa City isbeing proposed for conversion into a jointmilitary-civil airport facility. The ManilaInternational Airport Authority (MIAA) hasconsidered it as one of the possiblerelocation sites for the NAIA generalaviation operations along with otherairports like Sangley in Cavite andDiosdado Macapagal International Airport


(formerly Clark) in Region III.

4.1.4. Railways

The Philippine National Railways (PNR) has twooperational lines that traverse Laguna and Quezon,namely, the long distance Passenger Service (Manila-Legazpi) and the Commuter Service (Manila-CalambaCity). The two train services utilize a common track,which has a total length of 480 kilometers. Thenon-operational or abandoned line is the CalambaCity to Batangas route. The right-of-way (ROW) ofboth operational and non-operational lines have beenproliferated by informal settlers.

For the past five years, the passenger trafficof the long distance service has continually declined

Informal settlers (squatters_ proliferate in the ROW of PNR Lines

Table 2.35Inventory of Airport as of 30 June 2000

CALABARZON, 2000

MilitaryBatangas (Lipa City)Fernando Airbase8.PrivateBatangas (Calatagan)Calatagan-HAD Bigas7.PrivateQuezon (Polillo Island)Tordesillas (Balesin)6.PrivateQuezon ( Pagbilao)Pagbilao Grande Island5.PrivateBatangas (Tanauan)Manni W. Barradas4.Feeder Quezon ( Lucena City)Lucena3.Feeder Quezon (Polillo IslandJomalig2.Feeder Quezon (Alabat)Alabat1.

ClassificationLocationAirport




CALABARZON, 2000






CALABARZON, 2000






CALABARZON, 2000





8080808080

from 540,914 ridership in 1999 to 240,472 ridershipin 2003 as shown in Figure 2.45. On the other hand,the ridership of the commuter service increased afterit was improved and modernized in 1995. However, itdeclined by more than a million between 2002 to2003. The decrease in ridership and low level ofservice of the PNR railway system can be attributed

to the poor condition of the existing railway facilitiessuch as the trains, tracks, rail bridges, stations,communication facilities, signaling equipment amongothers. These facilities have deteriorated due to poormaintenance. Hence, it has not been able to competewith the road-based transportation that runs alongthe Maharlika Highway parallel to the railway trucks.


8181818181


8282828282

4.2 Communications

Until the early 1990’s,the communication sub-sectorwas faced with slow growthdue to the low investments inthe 1980s. To address thisproblem, the governmentallowed the entry of moreplayers through theliberalization/deregulationpolicy ushering a morecompetitive environment inthe industry. During the lastten years, policies, programsand projects were successfullyimplemented in pursuit of public access to improvedcommunication facilities and services.

4.2.1 Telecommunications

a. Telephone

Telephone services in the region areprovided mainly by 17 private telephonecompanies, with PLDT, DIGITEL and PT & Thaving the largest area coverage and to alimited extent by the government thru theTelecommunications Office (TelOf). As reformsin the telecommunications sector were


instituted, services correspondingly improved.

The telephone density (teledensity) is thenumber of telephone lines per 100 persons.The region’s teledensity (subscribed) in 2002is 11.11(Figure 2.37). Of the five provinces inthe region, Quezon and Batangas had thelowest teledensity at 3.71 and 10.43,respectively. In contrast, Cavite, Laguna andRizal registered teledensities which are higherthan the regional mean.

The number of installed lines increased.As of 1999, installed lines reached 961,571 to

1,035,524 in 2002(see Table 2.36).The region’ssubscribed by 4.53percent. But againin Quezon, no newinstalled lines wererecorded. Cavite,Laguna and Rizalhave the highestpercentage ofmunicipalities withtelephone service

Figure 2.38Teledensity by Province

2002

3.71

10.43

12.98

13.03

14.38

11.11

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00

QUEZON

BATANGAS

RIZAL

LAGUNA

CAVITE

CALABARZON


CALABARZON, 2002


2002

3.71

10.43

12.98

13.03

14.38

11.11

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00

QUEZON

BATANGAS

RIZAL

LAGUNA

CAVITE

CALABARZON


CALABARZON, 2002

8383838383


at 91 percent, 80 percent, and 71 percent,respectively.

In Table 2.36, subscribed telephone lines(demand) fell short of installed telephonelines (supply) both in 1999 and in 2002. Only41.36 percent and 45.89 percent of theinstalled lines in the regionwere subscribed in 1999 and2002, respectively. One causeof under subscription may bethe lack of affordability totelecommunication services,particularly among low-income households living inthe rural areas. Also, in Figure2.38, there was a markeddecrease in telephone densityfrom 13.36 to 11.11.

b. Cellular MobileTelephone Service(CMTS)

The cellular mobiletelephone service hasexpanded at a rapid pace sincethe deregulation of the sector

in the early 90s. This is due largely to increasedsubscriber base because of the popularity ofshort message service (more popularly knownas text messaging) system, particularly amongyoung cellular phone users. All provinces haveaccess to CMTS, but not to all municipalitiesin the region.

8484848484

4.2.2 PostalCommunication

The postal and otherrelated services in theregion are being providedby private express andmessenger ia l/cour ierservices (i.e., JRS and LBC)and the government thruthe Philippine PostalCorporation (Philpost). Inthe case of Philpost, oneof its mandates is to servethe unserved orunderserved areas, andusually these are theremote areas, which arenot financially viable forprivate firms to cover.

Philpost Region IV serves all provinces inCALABARZON. It has at least one post office in eachmunicipality. As of 2002, there are 167 post officesin 142 municipalities in the region.

In rationalizing the postal system, non-viablepostal stations and mailing centers, which had tobe closed, were replaced with Barangay Post Offices(BPOs). The establishment of BPOs was intensified,from 11 in 1993 to 237 in 1999. Accordingly, mailshandled had increased by 10.76 percent or 47.4million pieces of mails in 2000 to 52.5 million piecesof mails in 2002 (see Table 2.38). It is also evidentthat there is a big increase in revenues collectedfrom P182M in 2001 to P198M in 2002.

The Philpost, in its effort to continuestrengthening its mail delivery commitment and inorder to compete in an open market for the sameservices has instituted measures supportive ofenhancing the quality of service. As a result, maildelivery performance is within the acceptableinternational standards.

The preparation for the eventual privatizationof Philpost is on going and feasibility study for itsprivatization is now being conducted.

4.3 Water Resource Management

4.3.1 Irrigated Lands

It has been assumed that increased foodproduction will lead to higher levels of farmer’sincome, standards of living, and employmentopportunities in the rural areas. For these reasons,food production relies heavily on the government’sirrigation program.

Irrigation development programs generated anincremental irrigated area of about 16,200 hectaresfrom 1995 to 2002, increasing the total irrigatedarea for the region from 48,832 hectares to about65,032 hectares. This represents 72 percent of thetotal potential irrigable area for the region of 90,032hectares. A remarkable development was seen inthe province of Rizal. Batangas had the least


SOURCE: PPC-IV

Table 2.38Postal Indicators

CALABARZON, CY 2000 -2002

88%85%85%(c ) inter- regional in 72 hours93%90%85%(b) intra-regional in 48 hours100%96%100%(a) w/in locality in 24 hours

Delivery Capability for Priority Mails


Delivery Capability for Express Mails

P 198,427,031.55P 182,269,934.75P 180,759,385.55Revenues Collected 52,527,64849,901,26547,406,201No. of Mails Handled262820No. of Private Postal Stations000No. of Postal Stations

167167166No. of Post Offices200220012000Performance Indicators







SOURCE: PPC-IV















SOURCE: PPC-IV















SOURCE: PPC-IV















SOURCE: PPC-IV















SOURCE: PPC-IV















8585858585

development under this category (see Figure 2.39).To sustain the irrigation program, policies on

irrigation cost recovery have been implemented. Theoperation and maintenance costs of NationalIrrigation Systems (NIS) are recovered through thecollection of Irrigation Service Fees (ISF) from thefarmer-beneficiaries. There are direct constructioncosts of Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS), whichare amortized by the farmer-beneficiaries on termsagreed upon by them and NIA. Administrative OrderNo. 17 of the NIA prescribes new, socialized ISF ratesfor NIS and sets a minimum CIS amortizationpayment. Under the AO, ISF billing is computed usingspecified rates based on lot areas, with higher ISFpayables for larger farms than the small farms.

The Laguna de Bay Masterplan identifies theLaguna de Bay Lake as a source of irrigation water.The lake is considered capable of irrigating farmlandsin 28 lakeshore municipalities around the lake,including some areas in adjacent Quezon and Caviteprovinces. The potential area of farmlands especiallyriceland that can be irrigated year round using lakewater is estimated at 102,456 hectares. The

expansion of irrigation facilities for both existingand potential areas used for the production of palay,corn and other high value crops in Quezon andlakeshore municipalities of Laguna de Bay cantherefore be focused and prioritized in these areas.Quezon province has considerable areas foragricultural expansion because of its relatively largeremaining NPAAAD. Relatedly, land conversionactivities need to be regulated closely and strictlyin these areas including those in the Lagunalakeshore towns. This would mean current andexisting agricultural lands devoted especially for riceand corn should be strictly maintained throughjudicious implementation of relevant national andlocal land use laws and policies such asComprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) and relevantland conversion laws.

Data on palay yield show a direct relationshipof production and irrigated area harvested. Thepalay yield of irrigated area harvested is twice asmuch that of rainfed. The average production forirrigated area harvested is 4 metric tons per hectarecompared with rainfed which recorded 2 metric


Figure 2.40Irrigation Status by Province


56.4

53.0

50.5

34.2

39.0

50.0

81.3

80.5

72.7

71.5

51.9

72.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

Cavite

Laguna

Quezon

Rizal

Batangas

CALABARZON

1996 2002

Table 2.39Irrigation Status by ProvinceCALABARZON, 1996 and 2002

SOURCE: NIA



56.4

53.0

50.5

34.2

39.0

50.0

81.3

80.5

72.7

71.5

51.9

72.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

Cavite

Laguna

Quezon

Rizal

Batangas

CALABARZON

1996 2002

Figure 2.39Irrigation Status by ProvinceCALABARZON, 1996 and 2002

SOURCE: NIA



56.4

53.0

50.5

34.2

39.0

50.0

81.3

80.5

72.7

71.5

51.9

72.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

Cavite

Laguna

Quezon

Rizal

Batangas

CALABARZON

1996 2002

Table 2.39Irrigation Status by ProvinceCALABARZON, 1996 and 2002

SOURCE: NIA



56.4

53.0

50.5

34.2

39.0

50.0

81.3

80.5

72.7

71.5

51.9

72.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

Cavite

Laguna

Quezon

Rizal

Batangas

CALABARZON

1996 2002

Figure 2.39Irrigation Status by ProvinceCALABARZON, 1996 and 2002

SOURCE: NIA

8686868686

tons per hectare. Data also show that the totalarea harvested for palay followed a decliningpattern with an average decline of 4.8 percent from1997 to 2002.

4.3.2 Potable Water Supply

Data from the Master Plan Study on WaterResources Management done by Japan InternationalCooperation Agency (JICA) showed that the wholeof Region IV (includes 4A and 4B) has twice potentialwater resources as compared to the water demandin 2025 during high economic growth scenario. Withthe separation of the two regions, studies focusedon some parts of CALABARZON indicate that theregion would face serious problems on supply ofpotable water if measures are not put in place. TheCavite-Laguna Urban Development and EnvironmentManagement (CALA-UDEM) Study noted that thedensely populated towns in Bacoor, Cavite City,Dasmariòas, GMA, Kawit, Noveleta, and Rosario arenew beyond their carrying capacities. By 2005,Cavite and the two municipalities of GMA and Rosariowill be exceeding their sustainable water carryingcapacity by two to three times. In 2015, Imus willbe joining these municipalities, and 2025 Carmonaand Naic will be among these municipalities with


Cavite City, GMA, Noveleta and Rosario exceedingtheir carrying capacity 2-4 times.

In Laguna, Sta. Rosa and San Pedro haveexceeded their sustainable water carryingcapacities. In 2005, Biòan will be utilizinggroundwater beyond its sustainable water carryingcapacity. Calamba will be joining these towns by2015, while Cabuyao in 2025.

In the CALA Study are which includes 35municipalities/cities of Cavite and Laguna, anestimate of non-domestic requirement (commercial,industrial, irrigation, etc) is now beyond 40 percentof the total groundwater utilized. This rate willfurther increase with the increase inindustrialization, land conversion and depletion offorest reserves.

Golf courses have now emerged in the regionas one major users of water. A typical golf course inthe Philippines was estimated to consume 600,000gallons per day or equivalent to water requirementof 12,000 to 15,000 people a day . If water for thegolf course will be extracted from the same sourceas that of servicing a town, the golf course waterrequirement will match the requirements for 3-5barangays.

SOURCE: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics* Computed – total production divided by area harvested; unit is metric ton per hectare

Table 2.39Palay Area Harvested, Production and Yield by Farm Type

CALABARZON, 1997 – 2002(Production in Metric Tons; Area harvested in Hectares)

221212Rainfed443434Irrigated

Yield*

76,97970,73549,75976,88952,00977,648Rainfed300,534325,265326,680351,026267,541300,823Irrigated377,513396,000376,439427,915319,550378,471Production

40,31140,35634,33846,44738,32048,294Rainfed84,05788,37593,46997,67785,11485,265Irrigated

124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested

200220012000199919981997Region / ProvinceFarm Type


Yield*



124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested






Yield*



124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested



Yield*



124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested






Yield*



124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested



Yield*



124,368128,731127,807144,124123,434133,559Area Harvested


8787878787


4.3.3 Water Supply (Household Level)

Data from the Census of Population andHousing (CPH) of the NSO in 2000 approximates moreor less the targets indicated in the Provincial WaterSupply Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plans asshown in Table 2.40.

The CPH data show that Batangas, Cavite andLaguna surpassed the targets set from 2000 whilethe provinces of Quezon and Rizal were not able tomeet the targets. Note, however that the unit ofmeasure used in the Water and Sewerage SectorPlans is in terms of population whole the CPH used

household.Specifically, only 82.2 percent of the

households in the region as of 2000 are able to avail

838582Rizal807685Quezon838580Laguna899582Cavite777580Batangas

TotalRuralUrban% POPULATION

Province



Province

Source: Provincial Water Supply Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plans

Table 2.40Water Supply Coverage Targets by Province

CALABARZON, 2000



Province



Province

Source: Provincial Water Supply Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plans

Table 2.40Water Supply Coverage Targets by Province

CALABARZON, 2000

i

SOURCE: NSO - Census of Population and HousingNote: Others include dug well, spring, lake, river, rain, peddler, etc.

Table 2.41Households by Main Source of Water Supply for Drinking and/ or Cooking

CALABARZON, 1990 & 2000(Figures are estimated based on a 10% sample)

-10.19.40.6-2.3-2-7-0.2Rizal7.6-10.42.72.321.51.7Quezon0.6-10.3-1.40.6-5.97.1Laguna1.9-1.1-0.8-21.5-9.711.5Cavite2.6-30.3-7.9-1.6-4.616.8Batangas2.6-2.80.2-2.20.3-4.88.8CALABARZON

Percentage Points Difference74.922.11.3316.2818.530.9Rizal60.630.10.19.214.17.82018.6Quezon90.05.30.34.717.712.215.544.3Laguna92.24.50.63.214.211.12046.3Cavite85.87.306.9139.915.847.1Batangas82.212.70.55.215.11017.938.7CALABARZON

200085.012.7NDA2.318.41025.531.1Rizal53.040.5NDA6.511.85.818.516.9Quezon89.46.3NDA4.419.111.621.437.3Laguna90.35.6NDA4.116.29.629.734.8Cavite83.210.3NDA6.62111.520.430.3Batangas79.615.5NDA517.39.722.729.9CALABARZON

(7)(6)(4)

Estimated % of HH w/ Potable

Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6

Dug WellBottled Water

Shared, Tube/Pipe

Well

(2)

Shared Faucet

CommunityWater

System

CommunityProvince




(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince






200085.012.7NDA2.318.41025.531.1Rizal53.0







(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince

-10.19.40.6-2.3-2-7-0.2Rizal7.6-10.42.72.321.51.7Quezon0.6-10.3-1.40.6-5.97.1Laguna

40.5NDA6.511.85.818.516.9Quezon89.46.3NDA4.419.111.621.437.3Laguna90.35.6NDA4.116.29.629.734.8Cavite83.210.3NDA6.62111.520.430.3Batangas79.615.5NDA517.39.722.729.9CALABARZON

1990199019901990(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince



200085.012.7NDA2.318.41025.531.1Rizal53.040.5NDA6.511.85.818.516.9Quezon89.46.3NDA4.419.111.621.437.3Laguna90.35.6NDA4.116.29.629.734.8Cavite83.210.3NDA6.62111.520.430.3Batangas79.6

1.9-1.1-0.8-21.5-9.711.5Cavite2.6-30.3-7.9-1.6-4.616.8Batangas2.6-2.80.2-2.20.3-4.88.8CALABARZON



(7)(6)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

Deep

(4)

Shared, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Deep Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

Water System

(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

SystemProvince







(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

Well

(2)

Shared Faucet

CommunityWater

System (2)

Shared Faucet

CommunityWater

System

CommunityProvince




(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince






200085.012.7NDA2.318.41025.531.1Rizal53.0







(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince

-10.19.40.6-2.3-2-7-0.2Rizal7.6-10.42.72.321.51.7Quezon0.6-10.3-1.40.6-5.97.1Laguna

40.5NDA6.511.85.818.516.9Quezon89.46.3NDA4.419.111.621.437.3Laguna90.35.6NDA4.116.29.629.734.8Cavite83.210.3NDA6.62111.520.430.3Batangas79.615.5NDA517.39.722.729.9CALABARZON

19901990199019901990199019901990(7)(6)(4)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellProvince



200085.012.7NDA2.318.41025.531.1Rizal53.040.5NDA6.511.85.818.516.9Quezon89.46.3NDA4.419.111.621.437.3Laguna90.35.6NDA4.116.29.629.734.8Cavite83.210.3NDA6.62111.520.430.3Batangas79.6

1.9-1.1-0.8-21.5-9.711.5Cavite2.6-30.3-7.9-1.6-4.616.8Batangas2.6-2.80.2-2.20.3-4.88.8CALABARZON



(7)(6)


Water

(8) = 1+2+3+4+6


(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

(5)

Tubed/ Piped

Shallow Well

Deep

(4)

Shared, Tube/Pipe

WellDeep

(4)

Shared, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Deep Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Deep Well

(3)

Own Use, Tube/Pipe

Well

(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

Water System

(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

Water System

(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

System(1)

Own Use, Faucet,

SystemProvince

8888888888

of potable water. The improvement from the 1990data was only 2.6 percentage points. By province ,Cavite and Laguna recorded the highest with 92 and90 percent, respectively, while Rizal and Quezon thelowest with 75 and 61 percent, respectively (Table2.43). The following are included in the definitionof potable water source: (a) Own use, faucet,community water system; (b) Shared faucet,Community Water Supply; (c) Own use, tubed/piped,deep well; and (d) Bottled water. The need to addressthe problem on access cannot be overemphasized.

The high percentage of households withpotable water in the provinces of Cavite and Lagunamay be attributed to the presence of subdivisionsthat usually supply their clients with potable watergenerated from deep well. While the subdivisionsare provided with potable water, concerns are raisedon the uncontrolled ground water extraction whichmight bring about environment problems such as saltwater intrusion.

4.3.4 Summary of Issues/Concerns on Water

Other water issues cited in the CALA report

includes water contamination,. Obsolete watersupply facilities, salt and lake water intrusion,among other. Table 2.42 summarizes some of thewater issues/problems raised by LGUs of the CALAarea. These problems of LGUs covered in study arebelieved to reflect the issues and concerns of otherLGUs in the region:

4.3.5 Flood Control And Drainage

The Department of Public Works and Highways(DPWH) is responsible for planning andimplementation of the flood control and drainageprojects in the country. Most of the projectsimplemented by the DPWH are small-scale floodcontrol projects but these tend to be moreappropriate for the flood prone areas in the region.

.4.4 Power/Electrification

4.4.1 Power Generation

The strategic location of CALABARZON prov-inces and their potential for power generation havebeen fully utilized by the power sector in the man-


Table 2.42Summary of Water Issues/Problems of CALA Covered LGUs

1211109876

54

32

1

Rural areas of CALASocial concept on water tariffUrban areas of CALAContamination/Pollution from industrial areasALL CALA study areasUncontolled extractionCalamba, Sta. Rosa and CabuyaoOrganizational and jurisdictional conflict on the sourceLos Baňos, Calamba, Cabuyao and Santa RosaLakewater intrusion/contaminationSan Pablo City, AlaminosNeed to tap new water sourceNagcarlan, Rizal (Laguna) and LiliwInability to expand water service, regular disinfection

Rosario, Noveleta, Bacoor, Kawit, Imus, Cavite City, Cavinti, Luisiana, Magdalena Majayjay

Obsolete/dilapidated water distribution systemCarmona, Silang, Dasmariňas, GMAExcessive drawdown and depletion of water source

Kawit, Imus, Cavite City, Noveleta, Rosario, Bacoor and Tanza

Saltwater intrusionTanza, Naic, Gen.Trias, Trece Martirez, Dasmariňas, GMAUrbanization invites over pumping

Silang, Amadeo, Indang, Mendez, Alfonso, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, Magallanes and Tagaytay City

No coordination and clear measures for conservation and preservation watersheds

SAMPLE LGUs MANIFESTING IDENTIFIED PROBLEMISSUES /PROBLEMS

1211109876

54

32

1










1211109876

54

32

1









1211109876

54

32

1


Rosario, Noveleta


1211109876

54

32

1









1211109876

54

32

1









8989898989

ner that it feeds to the Luzon Grid system. Majorpower plants have been located in theCALABARZON area for 20 years or even earlier. Itwas also the prime location for power plants builtmostly through private sector initiative in re-sponse to the power crisis that the country facedin 1992 and 1993. It was then that the privatesector was vigorously invited to invest and par-ticipate in power generation to accelerate ca-pacity augmentation.

In 2002, CALABARZON is generating a totalof 6,853,684 MW representing a little more than50 percent power supply of the Luzon Grid (Fig-ure 2.40). Fifty percent of generated power inthe region is from Batangas (Figure 2.41). Theother 50 percent is accounted for by Laguna (22%), Quezon (18 %), Rizal (9 %) and Cavite (1 %).The Magellan Cogen which is located in Rosariois the only Power in Cavite Province.

Of the total power generated inCALABARZON, 1,804 MW is a coal produced power,1,103.5 MW from hydropower, 425.73 MW fromgeothermal, 820,454 MW from oil, and 2,700 MWfrom Natural gas (Table 2.44 Hydro and geother-mal power plants are located in Laguna. Batangashosts natural gas power plants which serve as baseload power plants of Malampaya gas in Palawan.

Coal –fired power plants are in Quezon and

Batangas while oil-fed power plants are in Quezonand Rizal.

The coal and oil power plants are located nearthe shores thereby having safe access by sea


Table 2.43Flood Prone Areas in CALABARZON

RodriguezSan MateoTanayCaintaRizalGumacaCatanauanMulanaySan AndresTayabasAgdianganPitogoRealMaubanLucena CitySariayaTiaongAtimonanPlaridelSampalocPerezAlabatMauban

PagbilaoGen. NakarInfantaUnisanBuenavistaCalauanSan NarcisoCandelariaMacalelonLopezTagcawayanQuezonP. BurgosSan Francisco

Quezon

KalayaanSta CruzLumbanPangilMabitacSta RosaBayPilaSiniloanPakitCalambaVictoriaFamyLiliwPaeteLos BañosPagsanjanSta Maria

Laguna

KawitBacoorNaicRosarioNoveletaCavite CityCaviteLaurelBalayanTalisayLemeryBatangas CityNasugbuBatangas



Quezon


Laguna





Quezon


Laguna


RodriguezSan MateoTanayCaintaRizalGumacaCatanauanMulanaySan AndresTayabasAgdianganPitogoReal




Quezon


Laguna




Quezon


Laguna


9090909090


2.42

9191919191

transportation. At the same time, CALABARZONcontinued to reap the benefits from indigenousnatural gas. The natural gas industry represents 40percent of the power generation mix in the region.Natural gas is also developed not only for powergeneration purposes but also for non-power like fuelfor the transportation sector.

The presence of power plants has beenbeneficial to the host municipalities and the city ofBatangas in terms of providing employment to thepopulace and also increasing incomes of saidmunicipalities and city. Data indicate that the hostmunicipalities have usually higher proportion ofincomes derived from tax revenues.

4.4.2 Energization of Municipalities and Citiesby Service Provider

In electrification, as of year 2000, themunicipalities/cities of the region are now fullyenergized with the energization rate at 100 percentbeing serviced by electric cooperatives, Meralco,municipal system and other system provider. Theelectric cooperatives through the NationalElectrification Administration (NEA) covers 57municipalities/cities in the region for the provinceof Laguna, Batangas, and Quezon. The MERALCOcovers 70 municipalities/cities in the region. Themunicipal system covers 1 municipality in the provinceof Batangas and the other system covers only 1municipality in Batangas (Table 2.45).

4.4.3 Energization of Barangays

Per data from NEA and theProvincial Planning and DevelopmentOffices, only 69 out of the total 4,009barangays in the region were notenergized. This put the region’s statusof barangay electrification in 2003 at98.20 percent. In terms of customerconnections only 410,185 out if the504,000 potential connections or 81.4percent customers were connected.

Of the 69 barangays not yetenergized in CALABARZON, 34 are in theprovince of Laguna, 17 in Quezon, 11 inRizal and seven in Batangas. In Cavite,all of the barangays are energized. Non-energization is due to lack of funds,accessibility, and right-of-wayacquisition problems. Most of thesebarangays are on mountainous areas. Interms of potential power connections,there are still about 19 percent of thetotal potential connections yet to beserved.


Table 2.44Power Plant by Location, Type and Capacity

CALABARZON, 2004

440- do -Mauban, Quezon25. Quezon PP764- do -Pagbilao, Quezon24. Pagbilao Coal- Fired 1 & 2300- do -- do -23. Calaca II300CoalCalaca, Batangas22. Calaca I

15.73- do -Bay, Laguna21. MB Ormat 1 to 640- do -- do -20. MakbanUnit 9 and 1040- do -- do -19. MakbanUnit 7 and 8110- do -- do -18. MakbanUnit 5 and 6110- do -- do -17. MakbanUnit 3 and 4110GeothermalCalauan, Laguna16. MakbanUnit 1 and 2708- do -- do -15. Kalayaan 1 to 4300Kalayaan, Laguna14. Kalayaan23.5- do -- do -13. Caliraya 1 & 232- do -Lumban, Laguna12. Caliraya17- do -- do -11. Botocanhe23HydroKalayaan, Laguna10. Botocan1 to 3

1,000- do -- do -9. Santa Rita500- do -- do -8. San Lorenzo

1,200Natural Gas- do -7. Ilijan 1 to 61.748- do -Polillo, Quezon6. Polillo DPP

105- do -Batangas City, Batangas

5. PinamuklanDiesel –Enron

0.326- do -Patnanungan, Quezon

4. Patnanungan DPP650- do -Pililla, Rizal3. Malaya/Kepco 1 & 263- do -Rosario, Cavite2. Magellan Cogen

0.30OilJoalig, Quezon1. Jomalig DPP

Capacity (MW)

TypeLocationName of Power Plant










Capacity (MW)



CALABARZON, 2004





CALABARZON, 2004










Capacity (MW)



15.73- do -Bay, Laguna21. MB Ormat 1 to 640- do -- do -20. MakbanUnit 9 and 1040- do -- do -19. MakbanUnit 7 and 8110- do -- do -18. MakbanUnit 5 and 6110- do -







Capacity (MW)











Capacity (MW)


9292929292

4.4.4 Households UsingElectricity forLighting and Cooking

At the household level, theCensus of Population and Housingdata show a declining percentageof households using electricity, i e.from 98.6 percent in 1990 to 86.5percent in 2000. All the provincesexperience decline with Quezonposting the highest decrease. Thepercentage of households usingelectricity for cooking, however,increased by almost ine half. Byprovince, Cavite and Laguna leadthe other provinces in terms of thehighest percentage of householdswith electricity while Quezon lags behind (Table 2.46)


9393939393

4.5 Social Infrastructure

4.5.1 Health Facilities

On health facilities, as of 2000 the region hasa total of 226 hospitals, 64 of which are governmentand 162 are private hospitals. These hospitals havea total bed capacity of 7,509, yielding a ratio of 1bed per 1,317 population. Other health facilitiesavailable are Barangay Health Stations (1,844) andRegional Health Units (203) giving ratios of 1 per5,363 population and 1 per 48,720 population,respectively.

Figure 2.43 shows that tertiary hospitals aremostly located in the catchment areas because ofeconomies of scale thus depriving the 4th to 6th classmunicipalities. Given this, there is a need tostrengthen the referral system and upgrading thecapacities of district hospitals on the provision ofhigher levels of health services.

4.5.2 Basic Education Facilities and Manpower

The increase in population have also resultedto the construction of more classrooms and schoolbuilding to accommodate incoming pupils forelementary andsecondary level. Table17 shows thecomparison of thenumber of schools inelementary andsecondary level fromSY 1996 –1997 to SY2000 – 2001. Withinthe span of five yearsthere were only 59schools added for theelementary level or apercentage increase of2.3 percent. Amongthe divisions, Rizalposted the highest

increase while there was no additional school inLucena City.

The secondary level showed sharp increase at29.6 percent. By division Rizal registered the highestincrease at 125 percent followed by Quezon andCavite with 53 and 24 percent, respectively. Onesecondary school closed in Cavite City while therewere no additional high schools in Lipa City andLucena City.

The modest increase in the number of schoolsat the elementary level and notable increase at thesecondary level was not sufficient to cater to therapid increase in school-age population as shown bylarge classroom sizes and high class-classroom ratiosat both levels especially in the catchment areas.

Data from SY 1994-1995 to SY 2000-2001 showthat the regional average of class to classroom ratiowas more than one indicating that there were moreclasses that the elementary classroom available. Thecities have generally higher class-classroom ratioscompared to the provinces (Table 2.47).

The need for more classrooms is morepronounced at the secondary level given the large


SOURCE: DepEd IV-A

Table 2.47Number of Schools in Elementary and Secondary Level

CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002

29.622.334422,5863412,527CALABARZON14.293.17865763San Pablo City 0.000.00239239Lucena City

-50.008.33113212Cavite City 7.691.2514811380Batangas City

125.006.254522120208Rizal52.271.1513479288783Quezon4.553.256934966338Laguna24.492.776133449325Cavite17.721.959362679614Batangas

Sec.Elem.SecondaryIncludingAnnexes

Elem. Including Annexes

SecondaryIncludingAnnexes


% ChangeSY 2001 – 2002SY 1996 – 1997

Division








% ChangeSY 2001 – 2002SY 1996 – 1997

Division

SOURCE: DepEd IV-A


CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002








% ChangeSY 2001 – 2002SY 1996 – 1997

Division


-50.008.33113212Cavite City

SOURCE: DepEd IV-A


CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997, SY 2001-2002








% ChangeSY 2001 – 2002SY 1996 – 1997

Division








% ChangeSY 2001 – 2002SY 1996 – 1997

Division

9494949494


DISTRIBUTON OF

CALABARZON RegionTERTIARY HOSPITALS

2.43

9595959595

volume of secondary school entrants.From a low 1:1.13 in 1996, thisincreased to 1:1.30 in 2000. Among theareas with more classes than thenumber of classrooms are Rizalprovince, Cavite City and Lucena City(Table 2.48).

While large class sizes arecommonly experienced in cities andhighly urbanized municipalities, a totalof 155 far-flung barangays are notserved by a public elementary school(Table 2.49). Of the total elementary‘school-less’ barangays, a total of 63 or41 percent is prioritized for SY 20042005and of these 26 have ready school sites.Among the divisions, Batangas provincehave the most number of barangays notserved by an elementary school (23 %)followed by, Quezon (19 %), Cavite (15%) and Rizal (12 %). The main reason forthe non-establishment of schools in far-flung brangays is usually the smallpopulation in these areas henceestablishing schools may not be costefficient and thereby least prioritized.Usually, the requirement for theestablishment of a school in terms of thenumber of school-age children is not metin far-flung areas. The problem onestablishing schools is now compounded with theunavailability of school sites.

For the secondary level, only onemunicipality in Laguna does not have a publicsecondary school. It shall be noted, however, thatprivate secondary schools are partly subsidized bythe government through the Government Assistanceto Private Education (GASTPE). The GASTPE is incompliance to the Free Secondary Education Act.

Given the increase in gross enrolment bylevel for the past five years, the Department of


Education (DepEd) and the Local Government Units(LGUs) have increased the number of plantillapositions for teachers in elementary and secondarybut is still not enough to meet the growingenrollment. Data in SY 2001-2002 for example showthat there were 33,359 nationally and locally fundedteachers in public elementary schools, and 12,823in public secondary schools. For the next school year,SY 2002-2003, the DepEd projected that a total of3,350 public elementary school teachers are neededin the region. Among the school districts, CaviteProvince had registered the highest number ofteachers needed in elementary at 1,392, followed

SOURCE: DepEd IV-A

Table 2.48Elementary Class – Classroom Ratio by Division

CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000

1.051.21.191.181.131.130.945CALABARZON111.041.040.980.941San Pablo City 11.11.11.091.081.171.08Lucena City 11.11.071.0811.041.05Lipa City

1.51.91.831.821.791.61.14Cavite City 11.11.061.060.991.051.01Batangas City 11.51.321.331.281.27Rizal111.081.061.041.041.04Quezon11.21.11.091.051.081.05Laguna

1.11.11.261.131.11.081.06Cavite0.911.051.050.991.021.02Batangas

2000199919981997199619951994Divisions



1.11.11.261.131.11.081.06Cavite0.911.051.050.991.021.02Batangas

2000199919981997199619951994Divisions

SOURCE: DepEd IV-A


CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000



1.11.11.261.131.11.081.06Cavite0.911.051.050.991.021.02Batangas

2000199919981997199619951994Divisions

1.051.21.191.181.13SOURCE: DepEd IV-A


CALABARZON, SY 1994-1995 to 1999-2000



1.11.11.261.131.11.081.06Cavite0.911.051.050.991.021.02Batangas

2000199919981997199619951994Divisions



1.11.11.261.131.11.081.06Cavite0.911.051.050.991.021.02Batangas

2000199919981997199619951994Divisions

1.31.481.1911.321.13CALABARZON1.11.21.041.520.98San Pablo City1.721.11.21.08Lucena City1.11.21.071.311Lipa City1.521.831.51.79Cavite City1.31.41.061.310.99Batangas City1.71.81.321.71.28Rizal1.11.31.081.051.04Quezon1.21.41.11.31.05Laguna1.21.41.261.161.1Cavite1.11.11.051.150.99Batangas

20001999199819971996Divisions


20001999199819971996Divisions

Table 2.49Secondary Class – Classroom Ratio by Division

CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000(In Percent)


20001999199819971996Divisions

1.31.481.1911.321.13CALABARZON1.11.21.041.520.98San Pablo City1.721.11.21.08Lucena City1.11.21.071.311Lipa City1.521.831.51.79Cavite City1.31.41.061.310.99Batangas City1.71.81.321.71.28Rizal1.11.31.081.051.04Quezon1.2


20001999199819971996Divisions


20001999199819971996Divisions

Table 2.49Secondary Class – Classroom Ratio by Division

CALABARZON, SY 1996-1997 to 1999-2000(In Percent)

9696969696


2.44

9797979797

by Laguna with 827. Cavite City is the only districtwhich did not require any needed teacher forelementary (Table 2.50). The increasing participationof the LGUs especially the cities and municipalitiesin the delivery of basic education particularly onhiring of teachers and not only on buildingconstruction and improvement is notable. Rizal andCavite provinces had the most number of teachersfunded by their city/municipal governments. Alsonoted is the significant contribution of the Parents,Teachers and Community Associations (PTCA) in theprovision of primary education.

For secondary level, CALABARZON as of SY 2002– 2003 needed 2,304 teachers identifying theprovince of Laguna having the highest requirementat 505. Batangas City had the least number of neededsecondary teachers at 7. On the source of funding,Batangas has the most number of teachers fundedby the LGU while there are no reports on LGU funded-teachers for Laguna and the cities of Cavite, Lipaand San Pablo.

The most important factor that affects

student learning is the teacher hence there is a neednot only to meet the desired number but also toimprove their effectiveness. A comprehensivetraining program for teachers should be put in placeto address this concern. Other contributory factorsthat will enhance the learning process are theavailability of books and other teaching devices.Many schools in the region still lack the desiredtextbook-pupil ratio.

4.5.3 Technical and Higher Education

Technical vocational and training (TVET) andhigher education institutions in the region areprovided by both the private sector and thegovernment. Figure 2.44 shows that proper locationof these important facilities needs to be enhancedto ensure maximum utilities of these facilities.

4.5.4 Housing

The adequacy of housing may be gaugedthrough the housing backlog which is the number ofdwelling units needed at the beginning of the

planning period due to doubled-uphouseholds, displaced units, andhomeless households. Double-uphouseholds are the ratio of householdto occupied housing units given thenorm of one housing unit to onehousehold. For CALABARZON, datasince 1960 reveal that doubled-uphouseholds do not show a consistentpattern suggesting that theconstruction of new housing units istied with socio-economic conditions.Recent data for the region show thathouseholds to occupied housing unitsratio slightly improved from 103households per 100 housing units in1990 to 102 in 2000. This means thatfor every 100 units occupied, onlytwo households are sharing one unitwith another household. The


Table 2.50Number of Barangays Without Public Elementary Schools (ES)

And Municipalities without Public High Schools (HS)CALABARZON Region, SY 2004

12663155CALABARZON0000San Pablo City0112Lucena City0000Lipa City0111Cavite City0110Batangas City01419Rizal07730Quezon1227Laguna071124Cavite063672Batangas

No. of Brgys. not Served

by HS

With ready School Site

Priority Brgys. for Establish-ment of ES

No. of Brgys. not served by an ES

Divisions



by HS




Divisions

Source: DepEd IV-A





by HS




Divisions

12663155CALABARZON0000San Pablo City0112Lucena City0000Lipa City0111Cavite City0110Batangas City01419Rizal07730Quezon1227Laguna





by HS




Divisions



by HS




Divisions

Source: DepEd IV-A

9898989898

improvement was mainly accounted for bymunicipalities located outside the catchment areasespecially in Quezon province. The trend in Quezonvalidates the de-urbanization pattern in theprovince. The catchment areas had higherprevalence of doubled-up household in 2000 althoughthe average for the two areas in 1990 was the same.Rizal province had the highest prevalence of doubled-up households (Table 2.52).

The average number of persons per housingunit decreased from 5.4 in 1990to 4.9 in 2000. This reflects theslight decline in family sizes.While household to housing unitratio is higher in catchmentareas, the opposite wasobserved in the non-catchmentareas. This indicates largerfamily sizes in rural comparedto urban areas. Batangasprovince has the most numberof persons per housing unitswhile Rizal has the least.Together with Quezon, Batangashas the lowest percentage ofpopulation living in urban areaswhile Rizal is almost 100 percenturban.

There are no exactfigures on the level ofhomelessness in the region but


preliminary data gathered by the DSWD showed anincreasing incidence particularly in highly urbanizedareas. Other indicators on the housing structuresand presence of important utilities showed thathousing in the region also needs special attention.

4.5.5 Social Welfare Institutions

The promotion of Social Welfare not onlyentails providing programs and services to specificclients such as women and children, but also includesthe provision of available facilities that will helpclientele cope with their existing negative condition,among others, on protection, and child care.

Most of these facilities are either operated bythe Department of Social Welfare and Development(DSWD), or Non-Government Organizations (NGOs).On the other hand, Local Government Units (LGUs)are also encouraged to establish such facilities sincethey are mandated to provide social welfare servicesto constituents under the Local Government Code.

REGION IVRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangas

1.121.241.131.161.171.12

1.071.301.111.031.011.02

1.011.011.011.001.001.01

1.031.041.021.041.021.02

1.021.031.011.021.021.0220001990198019701960

Table 2.51Households to Occupied Housing Units




SOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and HousingREGION IVRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangas

REGION IVRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangas

1.121.241.131.161.171.12

1.071.301.111.031.011.02

1.011.011.011.001.001.01

1.031.041.021.041.021.02

1.021.031.011.021.021.0220001990198019701960









SOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and HousingSOURCE of Basic Data: Census of Population and Housing

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by Type of Building

and City/MunicipalityCALABARZON, 1990 & 2000

5.010.985.341.032. OTHER AREAS4.891.035.361.04* Northern Rizal Cluster

4.891.225.241.03* San Pablo City-Metro Lucena

4.771.025.321.04* Western Laguna Cluster 5.001.025.441.01* Tagaytay-Silang Cluster4.781.025.311.03* Central Cavite Cluster4.911.035.271.02* Northern Cavite Cluster5.291.015.731.02* Metro Lipa5.071.025.471.03* Metro Batangas4.911.045.361.031. CATCHMENT AREAS4.941.025.351.03CALABARZON

HH Populationto Occupied

HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area



4.771.025.321.04* Western Laguna Cluster 5.001.025.441.01* Tagaytay-Silang Cluster4.781.025.311.03* Central Cavite Cluster4.911.035.271.02* Northern Cavite Cluster5.291.015.731.02* Metro Lipa5.071.025.471.03* Metro Batangas4.911.045.361.031. CATCHMENT AREAS


HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52






HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area



4.771.025.321.04* Western Laguna Cluster 5.001.025.441.01* Tagaytay-Silang Cluster

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52





SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by Type of Building




4.771.025.321.04* Western Laguna Cluster 5.001.025.441.01* Tagaytay-Silang Cluster4.781.025.311.03* Central Cavite Cluster4.911.035.271.02* Northern Cavite Cluster5.291.015.731.02* Metro Lipa5.071.025.471.03* Metro Batangas4.911.045.361.031. CATCHMENT AREAS4.941.025.351.03CALABARZON


HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area





HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52






HUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

HH Population

To OccupiedHUs

HHs to Occupied

HUs

20001990

Area



4.771.025.321.04* Western Laguna Cluster 5.001.025.441.01* Tagaytay-Silang Cluster

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.52





9999999999

EnvironmentalManagement 5

As emphasized in the NFPP, the quality of theenvironment is a direct reflection of the people’squality of life. The environment, however, has beensteadily deteriorating as a result of the pressuresfrom increasing population and corresponding lifesupport requirements.

5.1 Air Quality

In general, air pollution appears not to be aproblem in the Region except in few cases involvingindustries, in areas where there is heavy vehiculartraffic and in areas where there are open dumpsites.Inefficient garbage collection and disposal are themajor causes of air pollution.

5.2 Water Ecosystem

Most of the Region’s coastal as well as marineecosystem are presently under the state of

deterioration due to pollution, sedimentation andcoastal erosion. Most of these areas are consideredcritical and requires protection. The causes andextent of the deterioration of each water bodiesare substantially expounded in the proceedingsections under protected areas.

5.3 Forest and Upland Ecosystem

5.3.1 Forest Land

Forest is defined as both natural forests andforest plantations, excluding stands of treesestablished primarily for agricultural production,such as fruit and tree plantations. Based on 2004Philippine Forestry Statistics, CALABARZON Regionhas a total land area of 1,622,861 hectares, of which35.4 percent is considered as forestland while 64.6percent is certified as alienable and disposable lands.The region’s percentage forestland in relation to its

total land area is lower than thatof the country of 49.2 percent.

The region is at the bottomfive among the lowest proportionof forestland vis-à-vis total landarea among the 17 regions of thecountry. The region’s totalforestland comprises only 3.8percent of the total forestland ofthe country.

Quezon province tops theregion’s total land and forestlandarea at 54 and 69 percent,SOURCE: NAMRIA (Note: *CY 2003)

Table 2.53Land Area Classification by Province

CALABARZON, 2004

49.22 14,765,804 14,145,078 30,000,000 Philippines*100.00 35.39 574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON

11.67 51.19 67,003 63,889 130,892 RIZAL68.99 45.51 396,221 474,439 870,660 QUEZON 7.18 23.44 41,253 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA3.66 16.33 21,022 107,733 128,755 CAVITE8.50 15.42 48,821 267,760 316,581 BATANGAS

% Share of Forestland

to IV-A's total

% Forestland

Forest Land (Has.)

Certified Alienable & Disposable

(Has.)

TOTAL LAND AREA (Has.)

Province

49.22 14,765,804 14,145,078 30,000,000 Philippines*100.00 35.39 574,320 1,048,541 1,622,861 CALABARZON

11.67 51.19 67,003 63,889 130,892 RIZAL68.99 45.51 396,221 474,439 870,660 QUEZON 7.18 23.44 41,253 134,720 175,973 LAGUNA3.66 16.33 21,022 107,733 128,755 CAVITE8.50 15.42 48,821 267,760 316,581 BATANGAS

% Share of Forestland

to IV-A's total

% Forestland

Forest Land (Has.)

Certified Alienable & Disposable

(Has.)

TOTAL LAND AREA (Has.)

Province

100100100100100

Quezon (69 %)Quezon (69 %)Laguna (7.2 %)Laguna (7.2 %)

Rizal (11.7 %)Rizal (11.7 %)

Total Forest = 1,622,861 has.

Cavite (3.7 %)Cavite (3.7 %)

Batangas (8.5 %)Batangas (8.5 %)

Source: DENR 4A

Figure 2.45Distribution of Forests by Province


SOURCE of Basic Data: NAMRIA as cited in the DENR Website

Table 2.54Change in Certified Alienable and Disposable and Forest Lands


11,602574,320585,922-11,6021,048,5411,036,9391,622,861CALABARZON067,00367,003063,88963,889130,892RIZAL

2,078396,221398,299-2,078474,439472,361870,660QUEZON 041,25341,2530134,720134,720175,973LAGUNA

7,18321,02228,205-7,183107,733100,550128,755CAVITE2,34148,82151,162-2,341267,760265,419316,581BATANGAS

(8)=(6)-(7)(7)(6)(5) = (3)-(4)(4)(3)(2)(1)Difference20041990Difference20041990

Forest Land (in Hectares)Certified Alienable & Disposable (in Hectares)TOTAL

LAND AREA Provinces

11,602574,320585,922-11,6021,048,5411,036,9391,622,861CALABARZON067,00367,003063,88963,889130,892RIZAL

2,078396,221398,299-2,078474,439472,361870,660QUEZON 041,25341,2530134,720134,720175,973LAGUNA

7,18321,02228,205-7,183107,733100,550128,755CAVITE2,34148,82151,162-2,341267,760265,419316,581BATANGAS

(8)=(6)-(7)(7)(6)(5) = (3)-(4)(4)(3)(2)(1)Difference20041990Difference20041990

Forest Land (in Hectares)Certified Alienable & Disposable (in Hectares)TOTAL

LAND AREA Provinces

5. Environmental Management

101101101101101

respectively. Cavite gets the least share of theregion’s total forestland with percentage share of3.7 percent. Cavite has the smallest total land areacomprising only 7.9 percent of the total.

By province, more than half of Rizal’s landarea or 51.2 percent are classified as forest, thehighest proportion in the region. On the other hand,Batangas, second biggest in total land area, has theleast proportion of forestland or 15.4 percent.

The data from NAMRIA indicate that between1990 and 2004, some 11,602 hectares had beenadded to the forestland (Table 2.54). This is incontrast to observations and actual land use whichshow that even areas with steep slopes, which arepresumably classified as forest, are being inhabited.

Of the A & D lands in 1990 reclassified as forestin 2004, Cavite has the biggest with 62 percentfollowed by Batangas and Quezon with 20 and 18percent, respectively. The figures for forestland andA & D for the provinces of Laguna and Rizal remainedthe same over the past 14 years.

5.3.2 Forest Cover

Based on 2004 Philippine Forestry Statistics,CALABARZON Region has a total forest coverestimate (by canopy density) of 289,673 hectares.This represents 17.8 percent of the total land areaof 1,622,861 hectares and 50.5 percent of the total574, 320 classified as forestlands of the region. Theforest cover of the region (as percentage of totalland area) of 17.8 percent is lower than the country’s23.9 percent. In terms of forest cover as percentageof the total forestland, however, the region showedbetter performance with 50.4 percent forest covercompared with the national of 48.6 percent.

By province, Quezon has the highest proportionof forest cover both as proportion of its total landarea and its total forestland at 26.6 and 58.4percent, respectively. Quezon gets 79.8 percent ofthe total forest cover of the region. Rizal rankssecond in terms of forest cover percentage as itstotal land area with 17. 3 percent but only third inforest cover in proportion to its total forestland.Batangas performed poorly in forest cover.

SOURCE of Basic Data: DENR-FMB; * CY 2003

Table 2.55Percentage Forest Cover by Province

CALABARZON, 2004

48.55 23.89 7,168,400 14,765,804 30,000,000 Philippines*100.0 50.44 17.85 289,673 574,320 1,622,861 CALABARZON7.8 33.79 17.30 22,642 67,003 130,892 RIZAL79.8 58.35 26.55 231,190 396,221 870,660 QUEZON

5.6 39.28 9.21 16,205 41,253 175,973 LAGUNA

2.0 27.29 4.46 5,737 21,022 128,755 CAVITE

4.8 28.47 4.39 13,899 48,821 316,581 BATANGAS

(In Hectares)

% share (from region's

total forest cover)

% Forest Cover(from total provincial forestland)

% Forest Cover(from

provincial total land area)

Forest CoverForest Land TOTAL LAND AREA Province

48.55 23.89 7,168,400 14,765,804 30,000,000 Philippines*100.0 50.44 17.85 289,673 574,320 1,622,861 CALABARZON7.8 33.79 17.30 22,642 67,003 130,892 RIZAL79.8 58.35 26.55 231,190 396,221 870,660 QUEZON

5.6 39.28 9.21 16,205 41,253 175,973 LAGUNA

2.0 27.29 4.46 5,737 21,022 128,755 CAVITE

4.8 28.47 4.39 13,899 48,821 316,581 BATANGAS

(In Hectares)

% share (from region's

total forest cover)

% Forest Cover(from total provincial forestland)

% Forest Cover(from

provincial total land area)

Forest CoverForest Land TOTAL LAND AREA Province


102102102102102

Data show that forest cover is not limited toforestlands with at least 22.5 percent of the totalforest cover of the region is within A & D lands.Among the provinces, Batangas has the highestproportion of forest cover within A & D, a starkcontrast to the proportion of its forest cover withinforestlands which is only 17 percent. Laguna alsohas a high proportion of forest cover within A & D at49.8 percent.

The distribution of forest cover is highlyskewed for Rizal, Quezon and Cavite with 93, 82and 72 percent, respectively, of their forest coverlocated within forestlands.

Quezon accounted for the bulk of forest coverin forestlands at 84 percent while Batangasaccounted for the least - one percent. In terms ofpercentage share of provinces to the total forestcover within A & D lands, Quezon has the lion shareat 65 percent. Cavite and Rizal shared the least with2.5 percent each.

5.3.3 Reforestation Program

As a result of vigorous reforestation programof the government and private sectors particularlyon promoting the development of industrial forestplantations and management of natural forest areas


within watersheds, CBFM, SIFMA, and otherreforestation initiatives, the CALABARZON Regionwas able to reforest a total of 99,928 ha offorestland or 6% of the total land areanotwithstanding the meager budget allotted forthis activity.

5.4 Biodiversity

Of the total land area of the Region, 36.4% isbeing protected and managed under the provisionsof the Integrated Protected Area System.Preservation of biological biodiversity and geneticresources, protection and conservation of wildlifesanctuaries as well as developing means forecotourism purposes are among the activities beingundertaken to protect the Region’ s biodiversity.

The Philippine Biodiversity ConservationPriorities Project has identified 14 NIPAS componentsin CALABARZON that overlapped with conservationpriority areas. The priority levels range from highto extremely high urgent, which means that thevariety of life including those endemic to these areasis threatened with extinction.


Table 2.56Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province


100.0 100.0 22.5 77.5 65,046 224,627 289,673 CALABARZON2.5 9.4 7.1 92.9 1,618 21,024 22,642 RIZAL

64.9 84.1 18.3 81.7 42,193 188,997 231,190 QUEZON 12.4 3.6 49.8 50.2 8,064 8,141 16,205 LAGUNA2.5 1.8 28.5 71.5 1,634 4,103 5,737 CAVITE

17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land

% Share% of forest cover from total forestlands

Forest Cover Within A&D

lands (in hectares)

Forest Cover Within Forest

Land (in hectares)

Total forestlands (hectares)

Province



17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land



lands (in hectares)


Land (in hectares)


Province


Table 2.56Distribution of Forest Cover by Land Classification and Province




17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land



lands (in hectares)


Land (in hectares)


Province



17.7 1.1 83.0 17.0 11,537 2,362 13,899 BATANGAS

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land

Within A&D Lands

Within Forest Land



lands (in hectares)


Land (in hectares)


Province

103103103103103


104104104104104


Table 2.60NIPAS Components that Overlapped with Conservation


LucbanTayabas,National ParkSan CristobalLucban,CristobalBanahaw-11,113.3021-May-41Laguna and Banahaw-San

7,641.59VH40 Mt.Proc. 716 /Majayjay,Mts.5

ComplexConeQuezon

Reserve1966Forest

IslandAugust 7,Watershed81,115.84EHc34 Polillo130.00Proc. 72 /Polillo, QuezonPolilo3

ReserveProc 692 /Tomas, Forest1933;Laguna, Sto.MakilingFebruary 23, CalambaNational Park

11,871.90EHc38 Mt.3,328.85Proc. 552 /Los Baños andMt. Makiling4

1960March 28,Batangas

ReserveForestSwampMangroveRafaeland SanCalabao, IcolPalasan,Kalongkooan,Kalotkot,Patnanongan,Jomalig,Cabalete,

1981Alabat,IslandminedDecember 29, QuezonPolillo,

81,115.84EHc34 PolilloUndeter-Proc. 2152 /Lamon Bay,Island of2Reserve

1967ForestFebruary 13,QuezonWatershed

56,575.69I.D.31 Mt. Binuangand vicinity384.00

Proc. 158 /InfantaInfanta

1

EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level

ConservationPriority

Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.


7,641.59VH40 Mt.Proc. 716 /Majayjay,Mts.

ComplexConeQuezon

Reserve1966Forest

IslandAugust 7,Watershed81,115.84EHc34 Polillo130.00Proc. 72 /Polillo, QuezonPolilo


11,871.90EHc38 Mt.3,328.85Proc. 552 /Los Baños andMt. Makiling




81,115.84EHc34 PolilloUndeter-Proc. 2152 /Lamon Bay,Island ofReserve




EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.






7,641.59VH40 Mt.Proc. 716 /Majayjay,Mts.5

ComplexConeQuezon

Reserve1966Forest

IslandAugust 7,Watershed81,115.84EHc34 Polillo130.00Proc. 72 /Polillo, QuezonPolilo3


11,871.90EHc38 Mt.3,328.85Proc. 552 /Los Baños andMt. Makiling4




81,115.84EHc34 PolilloUndeter-Proc. 2152 /Lamon Bay,Island of2Reserve




1

EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.


7,641.59VH40 Mt.Proc. 716 /Majayjay,Mts.

ComplexConeQuezon

Reserve1966Forest

IslandAugust 7,Watershed81,115.84EHc34 Polillo130.00Proc. 72 /Polillo, QuezonPolilo


11,871.90EHc38 Mt.3,328.85Proc. 552 /Los Baños andMt. Makiling




81,115.84EHc34 PolilloUndeter-Proc. 2152 /Lamon Bay,Island ofReserve




EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

105105105105105


Palay - Palay -26-Oct-76Maragondon, Palay -2,863.78VH41 Mt.4,000.00Proc. 1594 /Ternate andMts. Palay -6

Mt. Mataas -Cavite and Mataas-na-na-GulodNasugbu,GulodNational ParkBatangasNational Park

EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJune 22, 1940Watershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc418.00Proc. 566 /Lopez, QuezonLopez11

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJuly 21, 1938QuezonWatershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc26.00Proc. 296 /Mulanay,Mulanay10

April 23, 2000ReserveProc. 295 /Forest1939;Watershed

GulfJanuary 2, QuezonSpring19,492.04VH48 Ragay149.01Proc. 365 /Guinayangan,Maulawin9

1940August 05, Proc. 594 /Quezon1934;and Pagilao,

National ParkOctober 25,Padre BurgosNational Park4,450.49VH45 Quezon983.00Proc. 740 /Atimonan,Quezon8

Tagaytay CityBatangas and Province of San Nicolas,City, Balete,Kahoy, LipaMataas naAlitagtag,Cuenca,Santa Teresita,

1996AgoncilloNovember 19,LaurelProc. 923 /Tanauan,

LakeJuly 22,1967, Malvar,Natural Park23,897.03EHu43 Taal62,292.14Proc. 235 /Talisay,Taal Volcano7

Palay - Palay -26-Oct-76Maragondon, Palay -2,863.78VH41 Mt.4,000.00Proc. 1594 /Ternate andMts. Palay -


EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJune 22, 1940Watershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc418.00Proc. 566 /Lopez, QuezonLopez

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJuly 21, 1938QuezonWatershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc26.00Proc. 296 /Mulanay,Mulanay


GulfJanuary 2, QuezonSpring19,492.04VH48 Ragay149.01Proc. 365 /Guinayangan,Maulawin


National ParkOctober 25,Padre BurgosNational Park4,450.49VH45 Quezon983.00Proc. 740 /Atimonan,Quezon



LakeJuly 22,1967, Malvar,Natural Park23,897.03EHu43 Taal62,292.14Proc. 235 /Talisay,Taal Volcano

Palay - Palay -26-Oct-76Maragondon, Palay -2,863.78VH41 Mt.4,000.00Proc. 1594 /Ternate andMts. Palay -6


EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJune 22, 1940Watershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc418.00Proc. 566 /Lopez, QuezonLopez11

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJuly 21, 1938QuezonWatershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc26.00Proc. 296 /Mulanay,Mulanay10


GulfJanuary 2, QuezonSpring19,492.04VH48 Ragay149.01Proc. 365 /Guinayangan,Maulawin9


National ParkOctober 25,Padre BurgosNational Park4,450.49VH45 Quezon983.00Proc. 740 /Atimonan,Quezon8



LakeJuly 22,1967, Malvar,Natural Park23,897.03EHu43 Taal62,292.14Proc. 235 /Talisay,Taal Volcano7

Palay - Palay -26-Oct-76Maragondon, Palay -2,863.78VH41 Mt.4,000.00Proc. 1594 /Ternate andMts. Palay -


EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJune 22, 1940Watershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc418.00Proc. 566 /Lopez, QuezonLopez

ReserveForest

PeninsulaJuly 21, 1938QuezonWatershed296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc26.00Proc. 296 /Mulanay,Mulanay


GulfJanuary 2, QuezonSpring19,492.04VH48 Ragay149.01Proc. 365 /Guinayangan,Maulawin


National ParkOctober 25,Padre BurgosNational Park4,450.49VH45 Quezon983.00Proc. 740 /Atimonan,Quezon



LakeJuly 22,1967, Malvar,Natural Park23,897.03EHu43 Taal62,292.14Proc. 235 /Talisay,Taal Volcano

106106106106106


EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.

MSFR-01)Peninsula (4A-BondocArena Point, - San Andres toPeninsula;Point, BondocPinamu-tanganin Aurora up to- Bondoc RiverPeninsula;River. Bondocto Malunay-Palay Point up Point;up to Sandoval- Bacong RiverReserve:Swamp ForestMangrove

Tayabas Bay1981Mazintuto RiverPagbilao andminedDecember 29,QuezonRiver up tp

5,109.86EHc46Underter-Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan14Reserve

QuezonForestPeninsula29-May-91Mauban,Watershed

296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc465.00Proc. 735 /Pagbilao,Binahaan13Reserve

1939ForestPeninsulaJanuary 2, QuezonWatershed

296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc328.00Proc. 367 /Calauag,Calauag12

EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.



5,109.86EHc46Underter-Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, PalsabanganReserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc465.00Proc. 735 /Pagbilao,BinahaanReserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc328.00Proc. 367 /Calauag,Calauag

Number on the left refers to place name index.***LOI - Presidential Letter of InstructionE.O. - Executive OrderP.D. - Presidential DecreeR.A. - Republic ActProc. - Presidenatial ProclamationBold underlined typeface - with Congressional Action**Bold typeface - with Presidential Proclamation*

SOURCES: NBSAP, 1997; DENR-PAWB, 2001



EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.



5,109.86EHc46Underter-Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, Palsabangan14Reserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc465.00Proc. 735 /Pagbilao,Binahaan13Reserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc328.00Proc. 367 /Calauag,Calauag12

EstimatedArea(ha)

Priority Level


Areas ***

Area(ha)

LegalInstruments **

/ DateLocationNIPAS

ComponentsNo.



5,109.86EHc46Underter-Proc. 2152/ Tayabas Bay, PalsabanganReserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc465.00Proc. 735 /Pagbilao,BinahaanReserve


296, 264.97I.D.49 Bondoc328.00Proc. 367 /Calauag,Calauag





107107107107107

5.5 Solid Waste Disposal

Data on the percentage of households by usualmanner of garbage disposal in two censal yearsindicate significant improvement. The percentageof households whose garbage was picked-up by agarbage truck increased to 48.5 percent in 2000 from14.3 percent in 1990. In contrast other means ofdisposal decreased: dumping in individual pit (-2.5%); burning (-24.8 %); brying (-1.25); feeding toanimals (-3.79 %); and, others (-1.8 %). Thepercentage of households who are composting theirgarbage increased from 1.5 percent to 1.6 percent(Table 2.61).

5.6 Use of Solid Fuels

The use of solid fuels for cooking may cause

environmental degradation and air pollution. Cuttingof trees in large magnitude for charcoal and forfirewood may be destructive to the forest. Moreover,burning of substances such as wood may alsocontribute to air pollution and destruction of theozone layer. Data from Census of Population andHousing (CPH) for 1990 and 2000 revealed that theproportion of households using solid fuels hasdeclined by 31.8 percent. In contrast, the proportionof households using electricity, LPG or kerosene forcooking increased from 47.6 percent in 1990 to 80percent in 2000.

Among the provinces, only Quezon andBatangas have high proportion of households usingsolid fuels for cooking with 49.6 percent and 30.2percent respectively. Only a small portion forCavite, Rizal and Laguna are using solid fuels.

SOURCE: NSO - Census of Population and Housing

Table 2.61Households by Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal

CALABARZON, 1990 & 2000(Figures are estimated based on 10% Sample)

-0.72-2.31-0.23-0.12-33.84-3.2340.46Rizal-2.74-10.53-1.380.307.45-3.2110.11Quezon-2.44-1.23-1.07-0.26-32.87-4.6042.49Laguna-2.98-2.70-1.300.22-38.41-3.7648.93Cavite-0.27-1.17-1.490.22-16.311.9417.08Batangas-1.85-3.79-1.250.05-24.85-2.5134.21CALABARZON

Percentage Point Change0.240.301.410.8723.444.2069.54356,578Rizal0.381.853.071.5167.565.6819.95299,662Quezon0.190.471.100.8431.794.4161.20417,932Laguna0.450.751.721.9727.526.6260.97428,879Cavite0.351.832.572.6462.617.0522.95374,767Batangas0.320.991.911.5741.095.6048.521,877,818CALABARZON

20000.962.621.630.9957.287.4329.09189,190Rizal3.1212.384.451.2060.128.899.84265,762Quezon2.641.702.181.1064.669.0118.71269,342Laguna3.433.463.011.7565.9210.3812.04222,151Cavite0.623.004.062.4278.925.115.88272,116Batangas2.184.783.161.5265.948.1214.301,218,561CALABARZON

1990

OthersFeeding

to Animals

BuryingComposting (Later Used as fertilizer)

BurningDumping in

Indivi-dual Pit (Not Burned)

Picked up by Garbage

Truck

TotalHouse-holds

Area

-0.72-2.31-0.23-0.12-33.84-3.2340.46Rizal-2.74-10.53-1.380.307.45-3.2110.11Quezon-2.44-1.23-1.07-0.26-32.87-4.6042.49Laguna-2.98-2.70-1.300.22-38.41-3.7648.93Cavite-0.27-1.17-1.490.22-16.311.9417.08Batangas-1.85-3.79-1.250.05-24.85-2.5134.21CALABARZON

Percentage Point Change0.240.301.410.8723.444.2069.54356,578Rizal0.381.853.071.5167.565.6819.95299,662Quezon0.190.471.100.8431.794.4161.20417,932Laguna0.450.751.721.9727.526.6260.97428,879Cavite0.351.832.572.6462.617.0522.95374,767Batangas0.320.991.911.5741.095.6048.521,877,818CALABARZON

20000.962.621.630.9957.287.4329.09189,190Rizal3.1212.384.451.2060.128.899.84265,762Quezon2.641.702.181.1064.669.0118.71269,342Laguna3.433.463.011.7565.9210.3812.04222,151Cavite0.623.004.062.4278.925.115.88272,116Batangas2.184.783.161.5265.948.1214.301,218,561CALABARZON

1990

OthersFeeding

to Animals

BuryingComposting (Later Used as fertilizer)

BurningDumping in

Indivi-dual Pit (Not Burned)

Picked up by Garbage

Truck

TotalHouse-holds

Area


108108108108108


5.7 Toilet Facilities

The percentage of households with sanitarytoilet facilities increased substantially by 21percentage points from 63 percent in 1990. Thiscould be attributed to the concerted effort of thenational and local government to advocate the useof sanitary toilet facilities by the households. Anumber of LGUs even provided free sanitary toiletbowls as part of their program. The provinces ofCavite and Rizal lead the other provinces in termsof the percentage of households with sanitary toiletfacilities while Batangas and Quezon lag behind(Table 2.63).

SOURCE: NSO - CPH

Table 2.62Proportion of Households Using

Solid Fuels for CookingCALABARZON, 1990 and 2000

-18.310.929.2Rizal-31.249.680.8Quezon-29.210.740.0Laguna-21.69.330.9Cavite-40.430.270.6Batangas-31.820.552.4CALABARZON

% tage point difference20001990Area

-18.310.929.2Rizal-31.249.680.8Quezon-29.210.740.0Laguna-21.69.330.9Cavite-40.430.270.6Batangas-31.820.552.4CALABARZON

% tage point difference20001990Area

SOURCE: NSO – Census of Population and Housing

Table 2.63Households by Kind of Toilet Facility Being Used

(Figures are estimated based on 10% sample)CALABARZON, 1990 & 2000

Percentage Points Change-18.4-2.51.45.9-0.614.2CALABARZON-22.9-5.71.14.51.521.6Batangas-12.8-2.11.83.8-0.59.8Cavite-12.7-3.11.47.6-3.510.3Laguna-21.52.81.89.0-0.18.0Quezon-10.8-1.40.74.3-2.19.3Rizal

53.48.93.25.65.923.1265,762Quezon

200010.65.25.614.58.555.51,877,818CALABARZON11.75.25.015.17.955.1374,767Batangas5.12.84.812.69.165.6428,879Cavite5.33.97.116.88.358.6417,932Laguna

31.911.74.914.65.831.0299,662Quezon4.64.45.713.311.260.8356,578Rizal

15.45.95.09.013.351.5189,190Rizal

18.06.95.79.211.848.2269,342Laguna17.94.93.08.89.655.8222,151Cavite34.610.93.910.76.333.6272,116Batangas29.07.74.28.69.141.31,218,561CALABARZON

1990

Others: Open Pit Pail

System/ None

Closed Pit

Water-sealed, Other

Depository, Shared with

Other Households

Water-sealed, Other

Depository, Used

Exclusively by the

Household

Water-sealed, Sewer /

Septic Tank, Shared with

Other Households


Septic Tank, Used

Exclusively by the

Household

Total Households

KIND OF TOILET FACILITY

Area

Percentage Points Change-18.4-2.51.45.9-0.614.2CALABARZON-22.9-5.71.14.51.521.6Batangas-12.8-2.11.83.8-0.59.8Cavite-12.7-3.11.47.6-3.510.3Laguna-21.52.81.89.0-0.18.0Quezon-10.8-1.40.74.3-2.19.3Rizal

53.48.93.25.65.923.1265,762Quezon

200010.65.25.614.58.555.51,877,818CALABARZON11.75.25.015.17.955.1374,767Batangas5.12.84.812.69.165.6428,879Cavite5.33.97.116.88.358.6417,932Laguna

31.911.74.914.65.831.0299,662Quezon4.64.45.713.311.260.8356,578Rizal

15.45.95.09.013.351.5189,190Rizal

18.06.95.79.211.848.2269,342Laguna17.94.93.08.89.655.8222,151Cavite34.610.93.910.76.333.6272,116Batangas29.07.74.28.69.141.31,218,561CALABARZON

1990

Others: Open Pit Pail

System/ None

Closed Pit

Water-sealed, Other

Depository, Shared with

Other Households

Water-sealed, Other

Depository, Used

Exclusively by the

Household


Septic Tank, Shared with

Other Households


Septic Tank, Used

Exclusively by the

Household

Total Households

KIND OF TOILET FACILITY

Area

110110110110110

PopulationDimension1

1.1 Trends in Population Size

CALABARZON is the fifth smallest region interms of land area but it has ranked second in termsof population size to NCR in 2000. The region has9.3 million population, showing an increase of 5.9million from its population level of 3.3 million in1970. During the past three decades the populationincrease has dramatically and consistently surpassedthe projections made during these periods. From1970 to 2000, the total population of the regionalmost tripled, with incremental populationincreasing every decade. The period 1990-2000recorded the highest increase of almost 3.0 millionfrom the population increases recorded during theprevious two decades (Table 2.64). The hugepopulation increase especially during the 1990-2000period could be largely attributed to migration.Various housing developers, resettlement sites andmost importantly opening of business establishmentshave caused this population increase rather thannatural population growth.

Census records for the period 1903 to 1960

showed CALABARZON’s relatively low populationcompared to many other regions including those inthe Visayas. In fact, CALABARZON’s percentage shareto the country’s total population during the saidperiod showed a declining trend. A reversal of thetrend was observed from 1970s. The highestpercentage share was registered in the year 2000 at12.18 percent while the lowest was in 1948 at 8.28percent.

The lowest percentage share in 1948 may beattributed to the fact that the provinces adjoiningNCR were among the vastly devastated areas duringWorld War II. The data may also reflect the migrationtrend at that time. In the early half of the centurymigration was towards rural areas especiallyMindanao while the second half of the century sawurban-ward migration.

1.2 Population Distribution

1.2.1 Population Size by Province

All five provinces of CALABARZON are among

SOURCE: NSO

Table 2.64Total Population by Selected Regions and Percentage Share

Philippines and Selected Regions, 1970-2000

12.1810.469.579.159,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON12.9813.0912.3210.819,932,6507,948,3925,925,8843,966,695NCR10.7310.4410.2110.078,204,7426,338,5904,909,9383,695,955Central Luzon

10010010010076,498,73560,703,20648,098,46036,684,486Philippines

20001990198019702000199019801970Area

% ShareTotal Population

12.1810.469.579.159,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON12.9813.0912.3210.819,932,6507,948,3925,925,8843,966,695NCR10.7310.4410.2110.078,204,7426,338,5904,909,9383,695,955Central Luzon

10010010010076,498,73560,703,20648,098,46036,684,486Philippines

20001990198019702000199019801970Area

% ShareTotal Population

111111111111111

the 21 provinces (out of the country’s 78 provinces)with a population of more than one million. Notablyin the past, the provinces with the biggest land area,i.e., Quezon and Batangas have the biggestpopulation among the CALABARZON’s provinces butin 2000, the provinces adjacent to NCR have thebiggest shares, i.e., Cavite and Laguna (Table 2.65).

SOURCE: NSO

Table 2.65Total Population and Percentage Share by Province


100 100 100 1009,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON18.32 15.39 12.07 9.151,707,218 977,448 555,533 307,238Rizal18.01 21.62 24.53 26.901,679,030 1,372,455 1,129,277 902,865Quezon21.09 21.58 21.14 20.851,965,872 1,370,232 973,104 699,736Laguna22.14 18.15 16.76 15.502,063,161 1,152,534 771,320 520,180Cavite20.44 23.26 25.51 27.601,905,348 1,476,783 1,174,201 926,308Batangas

20001990198019702000199019801970% SHARETOTAL POPULATION

PROVINCE

100 100 100 1009,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON18.32 15.39 12.07 9.151,707,218 977,448 555,533 307,238Rizal18.01 21.62 24.53 26.901,679,030 1,372,455 1,129,277 902,865Quezon21.09 21.58 21.14 20.851,965,872 1,370,232 973,104 699,736Laguna22.14 18.15 16.76 15.502,063,161 1,152,534 771,320 520,180Cavite20.44 23.26 25.51 27.601,905,348 1,476,783 1,174,201 926,308Batangas

20001990198019702000199019801970% SHARETOTAL POPULATION

PROVINCE

1.2.2 Population Size by Cluster/Catchment Areas

Table 2.66 shows that CALABARZON’spopulation is not spread evenly across the 11 citiesand 131 municipalities. Majority or 65.2 percent ofthe population live in 34 municipalities and 11 cities

Table 2.66Total Population and Percentage Share by Major Cathchment/Cluster Areas


Source: 1/ NSO 2/ Computed

1001001001009,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON34.8239.6444.9650.623,282,7072,547,1632,093,3921,718,383Other Areas65.1860.3655.0449.386,075,3963,832,7632,533,6801,657,466Catchment Areas

4.825.285.576.02449,070335,333256,224201,9858. Metro Lipa4.925.936.336.23458,872376,254291,240209,0797. Metro Batangas

8.699.9210.6611.50809,934629,956490,736386,0836. San Pablo-Metro Lucena2.161.851.491.49313,946204,024137,40492,6655. Central Cavite

3.373.212.982.76201,424117,52968,643490,9064.Metro Tagaytay13.2510.028.867.301,234,880642,395407,869244,9433. Northern Cavite12.6911.9710.367.881,182,581759,975476,979264,3782. Western Laguna 15.2912.088.796.211,424,689747,297404,585208,4271. Northern Rizal

20001990198019702000199019801970% SHARE TO TOTAL POP.2/POPULATION1/

Catchment Areas/ Clusters

Source: 1/ NSO 2/ Computed

1001001001009,320,6296,349,4524,603,4353,356,327CALABARZON34.8239.6444.9650.623,282,7072,547,1632,093,3921,718,383Other Areas65.1860.3655.0449.386,075,3963,832,7632,533,6801,657,466Catchment Areas

4.825.285.576.02449,070335,333256,224201,9858. Metro Lipa4.925.936.336.23458,872376,254291,240209,0797. Metro Batangas

8.699.9210.6611.50809,934629,956490,736386,0836. San Pablo-Metro Lucena2.161.851.491.49313,946204,024137,40492,6655. Central Cavite

3.373.212.982.76201,424117,52968,643490,9064.Metro Tagaytay13.2510.028.867.301,234,880642,395407,869244,9433. Northern Cavite12.6911.9710.367.881,182,581759,975476,979264,3782. Western Laguna 15.2912.088.796.211,424,689747,297404,585208,4271. Northern Rizal

20001990198019702000199019801970% SHARE TO TOTAL POP.2/POPULATION1/

Catchment Areas/ Clusters

8. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan City-Lipa City7. Metro Batangas: Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose-Mabini6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City (Laguna) -Tiaong_Candelaria-Pagbilao-Lucena City -Sariaya-Tayabas5. Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-Tanza-Trece Martires City4. Metro Tagaytay: Tagaytay City –Silang3. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-Dasmariñas-Carmona-GMA-Kawit-Noveleta-Cavite City2. Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Biñan-Sta. Rosa City-Cabuyao-Calamba City-Los Baños-Bay1. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-Taytay-Antipolo CityN.B. The following comprise the clusters or catchment areas:

8. Metro Lipa: Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan City-Lipa City7. Metro Batangas: Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose-Mabini6. San Pablo-Metro Lucena: San Pablo City (Laguna) -Tiaong_Candelaria-Pagbilao-Lucena City -Sariaya-Tayabas5. Central Cavite Cluster: Rosario-Gen.Trias-Tanza-Trece Martires City4. Metro Tagaytay: Tagaytay City –Silang3. Northern Cavite Cluster: Bacoor-Imus-Dasmariñas-Carmona-GMA-Kawit-Noveleta-Cavite City2. Western Laguna Cluster: San Pedro-Biñan-Sta. Rosa City-Cabuyao-Calamba City-Los Baños-Bay1. Northern Rizal Cluster: Rodriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-Taytay-Antipolo CityN.B. The following comprise the clusters or catchment areas:


112112112112112

grouped into eight so-called “catchmentareas or clusters.” On the other hand 34.8percent of the population reside in other97 municipalities/cities. The populationshare of the catchment areas has increasedsteadily from 1970 to 2000. This implies thatthe concentration of the population hasbeen increasing rapidly in these catchmentareas. Of the eight major catchment areas,the Northern Cluster (Rodriguez, San Mateo,Cainta, Taytay, Antipolo) has the highestpopulation concentration.

1.2.3 Urban and Rural PopulationDistribution

As of the last census, 67.4 percent ofthe region’s population lives in the urbanareas, compared with the national average of 48percent. CALABARZON also has a higher proportionof population living in urban areas than Central Luzon(Region III) at which registered at 60 percent, CentralVisayas (Region VII) at 46.4 percent, and NorthernMindanao (Region X) at 40.5 percent. Only NCR has100 percent of its population residing in areasclassified as urban (Figure 2.46).

Almost all (96 %) people in Rizal are residingin urban areas as of the 2000 census. Quezonprovince on the other hand has 22 percent, thelowest among the five provinces of the region. For

the four censal years, Rizal consistently has thehighest share of urban population followed by Caviteand Laguna. In general, the share urban populationin CALABARZON has been increasing steadily asshown in Table 2.68 compared with its ruralpopulation, showing a reversal of trend.

1.3 Population Growth and Density

Compared with highly populated regions, suchas NCR, Central Luzon, Western Visayas and SouthernMindanao, CALABARZON posted a higher populationgrowth rate between 1990 to 2000. Table 2.67 shows

that CALABARZON was the onlyregion which manifested asteady increase in populationgrowth albeit less than thepopulation growth rate of NCR,Western Visayas and SouthernMindanao in the 1970’s. It hasbeen observed that stating the1970’s, CALABARZON hasbecome a preferred migrationdestination.

One of the reasons for in-

48.05 51.95

100.00 0.00

67.39 32.61

59.74 40.26

46.37 53.63

40.49 59.51

0 20 40 60 80 100

Philippines

NCR

IV-A

III

VII

X

Figure 2.46Percentage Urban-Rural Population

by Selected Regions (in Percent)Philippines and Selected Regions , 2000

Urban Rural

Figure 2.46Percentage Urban-Rural Population by

Selected Regions (In Percent)Philippines and Selected Regions, 2000

1. Population Dimension

113113113113113

migration is the development ofsubdivisions and housing sites in theregion, said sites being accessible toworkers in the NCR. By the year 2000,the number of subdivisions registeredwith the HLRUB reach 3,585, of which33.1 percent are in Cavite, 30.8percent in Laguna, and 15.7 percentin Rizal.

Although in-migrationcontributed significantly to the highpopulation growth rate, it may also bementioned that total fertility rate (TFR) is likewisehigh at 3.69 per woman though slightly lower thanthe national average of 3.75. The data indicates theneed to strengthen the reproductive health andfamily planning programs in the region.

At the provincial level, the population growthrate of provinces bordering NCR, namely Rizal,Cavite and Laguna, are high and these provinceswhich include among top five provinces nationwidewithin the highest population growth rates. Duringthe 1990-2000 period, Cavite’s population grewannually by six percent, Rizal registered 5.7 percentand Laguna, 3.7 percent. Only the provinces ofBatangas and Quezon have lower population growthrate than the region with 2.6 and 2.0 percent,respectively (Table 2.68). The population growthrate of Batangas is still higher than the nationalaverage of 2.3 percent. Data pertaining to fertilitylevels such as crude birth rates, however, show thatQuezon and Batangas have the highest rates.

Majority of the eight major catchment areasin Cavite, Rizal and Laguna provinces have thehighest population growth rates topped by NorthernCavite Cluster at 6.7 percent and Northern Rizal at6.4 percent during the 1990-2000 period. Thecatchment areas host the most number ofsubdivisions and housing sites.

The CALABARZON is the second most densely

populated region in the country. Population densitymore than doubled from a low 207 persons per squarekilometer in 1970 to 574 in 2000. Again, the threeprovinces bordering NCR have very high populationdensities: Cavite – 1,602; Rizal – 1,304 and Laguna –1,117 persons per sq. km. On the other hand, theprovince of Quezon has the lowest population densityat 193 persons per square kilometer. It must beemphasized however that Quezon province has thesmallest population among the five provinces but italso has the biggest land area.

The catchment areas are the most denselypopulated with its population density almost sixtimes compared to other areas of the region. Allcatchment areas except for Tagaytay-Silang, SanPablo, Metro Lucena and Metro Batangas, have onethousand population or more per square kilometer.The Northern Cavite recorded the highest at 4,463persons per square km.

1.4 Age-Sex Structure

The population pyramid for year 2000 showedthat the region’s population is still young with thepopulation below 15 years old comprising 36 percentof the total population though lower than thepercentage share in 1990 of 38 percent. On the otherhand, the proportion of 65 years and over increasedslightly from three percent in 1990 to four percentin 2000 (Figure 2.47).


Source: NSO2.342.352.74Philippines2.622.284.34Southern Mindanao0.721.774.07Western Visayas2.252.984.10National Capital Region2.602.582.80Central Luzon3.913.273.21CALABARZON

1990-20001980-901970-80Area


1990-20001980-901970-80Area

Table 2.68Population Growth RateCALABARZON, 1970-2000


1990-20001980-901970-80Area


1990-20001980-901970-80Area

Population Growth RateCALABARZON, 1970-2000


1990-20001980-901970-80Area


1990-20001980-901970-80Area

Table 2.68Population Growth RateCALABARZON, 1970-2000


1990-20001980-901970-80Area


1990-20001980-901970-80Area

Population Growth RateCALABARZON, 1970-2000

114114114114114

The combined young and old dependency levelis 64, which means that there are 64 dependentsper 100 working population. High dependency ratiois closely associated with the level of poverty. Thisis shown in the case of Quezon which has the highestage dependency rates of 75 percent in 2000 and thehighest poverty incidence in the same period. Lagunawhich has been experiencing a sustained drop in agedependency ratio also had shown consistent decreasein its poverty incidence as well as magnitude of poorfamilies. In the case of Cavite and Rizal, in 2000where the age dependency ratios have alsoincreased, the magnitudes of poor families haveincreased.

Comparison of the age sex structure of the twocensal years 1990 and 2000 showed similar patterns.The age group 5-9 recorded the highest proportionwhile the category 80 and above has the least. Thedata also showed a slight increase in the proportionof population 60 and over and a decrease in the

Table 2.69Population Growth Rate and Density by Province and Cluster


Source: NSO2692091721412.581.971.99Other Areas

1,0117555774552.962.732.411.Metro Lipa7446104723392.02.593.371.Metro Batangas6625154013162.542.532.431.San Pablo Metro Lucena9345453182314.44.034.021.Central Cavite9345453182315.545.523.241.Tagaytay-Silang

4,4632,3221,4748856.754.655.231.Northern Cavite3,3792,1711,3637554.524.776.081.Western Laguna 1,7139234872516.386.616.861.Northern Rizal1,4669236103984.734.244.36Catchment Areas1,3047474242355.745.815.825. Rizal1931581301042.041.971.974. Quezon

1,1177795533983.683.483.493. Laguna1,6028955994046.004.104.102. Cavite6024663712932.582.322.321. Batangas5743912842073.913.273.21CALABARZON20001990198019701990-20001980-901970-80

Population DensityPopulation Growth RateArea

Source: NSO2692091721412.581.971.99Other Areas

1,0117555774552.962.732.411.Metro Lipa7446104723392.02.593.371.Metro Batangas6625154013162.542.532.431.San Pablo Metro Lucena9345453182314.44.034.021.Central Cavite9345453182315.545.523.241.Tagaytay-Silang

4,4632,3221,4748856.754.655.231.Northern Cavite3,3792,1711,3637554.524.776.081.Western Laguna 1,7139234872516.386.616.861.Northern Rizal1,4669236103984.734.244.36Catchment Areas1,3047474242355.745.815.825. Rizal1931581301042.041.971.974. Quezon

1,1177795533983.683.483.493. Laguna1,6028955994046.004.104.102. Cavite6024663712932.582.322.321. Batangas5743912842073.913.273.21CALABARZON20001990198019701990-20001980-901970-80

Population DensityPopulation Growth RateArea

Figure 2.47Age-Sex Population Pyramid

CALABARZON, 2000

U n d e r 1

1 - 4

5 - 9

1 0 - 1 4

1 5 - 1 9

2 0 - 2 4

2 5 - 2 9

3 0 - 3 4

3 5 - 3 9

4 0 - 4 4

4 5 - 4 9

5 0 - 5 4

5 5 - 5 9

6 0 - 6 4

6 5 - 6 9

7 0 - 7 4

7 5 - 7 9

8 0 +

6 3 0 3 6

U n d e r 1

1 - 4

5 - 9

1 0 - 1 4

1 5 - 1 9

2 0 - 2 4

2 5 - 2 9

3 0 - 3 4

3 5 - 3 9

4 0 - 4 4

4 5 - 4 9

5 0 - 5 4

5 5 - 5 9

6 0 - 6 4

6 5 - 6 9

7 0 - 7 4

7 5 - 7 9

8 0 +

6 3 0 3 6

MALE FEMALE

% TOTAL


115115115115115

under one year old. The increase in the proportionfor 60 years old and over would reflect reportedimprovements in the mortality rates of the regionwhile the decrease of the proportion under one yearold could be attributed to declining birth rates andin-migration especially among the economicallyactive population. With the slight change in the age-sex structure the median age for the region slightlyincreased from 20 in 1990 to 22 in 2000 (Table 2.70).Only Quezon province has a median age below theregional average.

In both censuses, the proportion of males

compared to females is higher from age zero untilthe age group 45-49 where the proportions for bothsexes are almost equal. From the age-group 50-54and onwards, however, the reverse is observedwherein the females start to outnumber the males.This pattern confirms previous studies that womenhave longer life expectancies than females.

1.5 Fertility and Its Proximate Determinants

Although CALABARZON’s high populationgrowth rate is largely due to migration and improvingdeath rates, data show that fertility level remains a

challenge for the region likeother areas of the country. Theregion’s total fertility rate (TFR)or the average number ofchildren that would be born to awoman over her lifetime if shewere to experience the currentage-specific fertility rates is 3.2.This is lower compared with thePhilippines’ 3.5 but higher thanRegion III with 3.1 and NCR with2.8 children per woman. Beloware some fertility indicatorswhich show that the region’sfertility status are not fardifferent compared with thenational.

Table 2.70Median Age, Sex Ratio and Age Dependency Ratio

CALABARZON, 1990, 1995 AND 2000

64.4368.6672.16100101101222120CALABARZON62.7565.3668.07101100100222121Rizal75.3978.781.02104105104202019Quezon60.1864.3668.8798100101232221Laguna60.8659.7466.679899100222222Cavite66.3569.3174.67101101101222120Batangas200019951990200019951990200019951990

AGE DEPENDENCY RATIOSEX RATIOMEDIAN AGEAREA

64.4368.6672.16100101101222120CALABARZON62.7565.3668.07101100100222121Rizal75.3978.781.02104105104202019Quezon60.1864.3668.8798100101232221Laguna60.8659.7466.679899100222222Cavite66.3569.3174.67101101101222120Batangas200019951990200019951990200019951990

AGE DEPENDENCY RATIOSEX RATIOMEDIAN AGEAREA

Source: NSO

SOURCE: National Demographic Survey

Table 2.71Selected Fertility Indicators by Selected Regions


33.432.140.232.8Contraceptive Use among Women (% of women using any modern method of contraceptive)

26.423.126.423.6Percentage of women 15-24 years old who have begun child-bearing

30.527.834.132.6Median Number of Months since Preceding Birth

4.33.24.13.8Mean Number of Children Ever Born to Women age 40-49

3.52.83.13.2Total Fertility Rate(Children per woman)

PhilippinesNCRIIIIV-AIndicators

33.432.140.232.8Contraceptive Use among Women (% of women using any modern method of contraceptive)

26.423.126.423.6Percentage of women 15-24 years old who have begun child-bearing

30.527.834.132.6Median Number of Months since Preceding Birth

4.33.24.13.8Mean Number of Children Ever Born to Women age 40-49

3.52.83.13.2Total Fertility Rate(Children per woman)

PhilippinesNCRIIIIV-AIndicators


116116116116116

1.6 Migration

The data or migration in the country showedthat the whole of Southern Tagalog (CALABARAZONand MIMAROPA) was a net in-migration area at 23persons per 1,000 populations during the period1985-1990. The migration of the people from NCRand nearby regions is The 2000 Census shows thatabout 90 percent of the population five years oldand over have not changed residence, i.e., they haveremained in the same municipality, city and provincefor the past five years. This is lower compared to1990 Census by three percentage points (Table 2.72).This migration pattern is expected to continue dueto the employment opportunities offered in theindustrial areas, and the accessibility of subdivisions/housing sites being developed in CALABARZON toworkers in NCR.

Among the provinces, Cavite continues toregister the lowest percentage of households whodid not change residence, from 90 percent in 1990to 83 percent in 2000. Rizal has the next lowestpercentage of household who have not changedresidence but the change from the 1990 census isnot significant.

Movements within the provinces have alsoincreased indicating changes in socio-economiccharacteristics, opportunities, peace and order,

among others. By province, Cavite, Rizal and Laguna(in that order) remain on top. In the case of Batangasand Quezon it is observed that more people inQuezon moved from one town to another comparedto Batangas. It is noted that the data on urbanpopulation between 1990 and 2000 showed severalmunicipalities of Quezon manifested de-urbanizationpatterns. The reason for this could be improvedpeace and order situations in the province andemployment opportunities in the rural areas suchas gold panning.

Of the total households with differentresidence five years ago, 63.7 percent are femalewhile 37.3 are males. The pattern is the same in allprovinces where the females dominate the numberof households with different residence five years ago.Among the foreign migrants, however, the malesslightly outnumbered the females (53%).

The dominance of female migrants indicatespartly that the type of employment opportunities inthe region, which do not require physical attributesbut may require higher-level educationalqualifications. It shall be pointed out that the lengthof schooling is generally higher among women thanmen.

The continued in-migration of women in theregion has long-term impact on population growth.

Source of Basic Data: NSO92.9593.3793.1890.1291.0690.59CALABARZON84.2697.9686.1086.5487.3586.94RIZAL95.0195.1595.0895.1495.5495.34QUEZON90.6391.3991.0191.0692.0191.53LAGUNA89.2589.7789.5184.3385.4384.87CAVITE96.1696.3396.3294.4595.4594.95BATANGAS

FemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotal19902000

Source of Basic Data: NSO92.9593.3793.1890.1291.0690.59CALABARZON84.2697.9686.1086.5487.3586.94RIZAL95.0195.1595.0895.1495.5495.34QUEZON90.6391.3991.0191.0692.0191.53LAGUNA89.2589.7789.5184.3385.4384.87CAVITE96.1696.3396.3294.4595.4594.95BATANGAS

FemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotal19902000

Table 2.72Percentgae of Household Population

Five Years Old and Over who Remained in the Same City/Municipality and Province Five Years Ago


Table 2.72Percentgae of Household Population

Five Years Old and Over who Remained in the Same City/Municipality and Province Five Years Ago



117117117117117

1.7 Population Momentum

Population momentum is another source ofpopulation growth for the region aside from decliningbirth rates, high fertility and in-migration. Thisphenomenon refers to the percentage of thepopulation that are in their child bearing years whohave not yet had children, and thus are scheduledto eventually have children which add tothe population through reproduction(Wilkepedia).

The region’s proportion of womenbelow 20 years was over 2 million as of2000. This accounts for 45 percent of thetotal number of women in the region. Theregion has the highest total number ofwomen. Since the region has higherpercentage of women aged below 20, theregion will manifest larger populationgrowth in the future because there is sucha large percentage of the populationcapable of having children. This meansthe population will continue to grow,even if the fertility rate reachesreplacement level. The reason is thatpopulation momentum would have aneffect is that high fertility levels in thepast caused a largely young populationwhich still has to reach child-bearing

years.1.8 Future Growth

With the CALABARZON’s PGR of 3.97 percent,its population is expected to double within 17.6years. This is much shorter than the doubling timeof the Philippines of 31.4 years. The provinces withthe shortest doubling time are Cavite at 11.5 yearsand Rizal, at 12 years, while Quezon has the longest

Source of basic data: Census of Population and Housing

10.0011.5811.71100Percentage share of female < 20 years old from national total

44.7940.9144.9547.02Proportion female < 20 years old

1,785,0402,068,0842,091,96217,858,223Female <20 years old

3,985,0635,054,7184,654,28837,979,811Total Female Population

IIINCRIV-APhilippines

Source of basic data: Census of Population and Housing

10.0011.5811.71100Percentage share of female < 20 years old from national total

44.7940.9144.9547.02Proportion female < 20 years old

1,785,0402,068,0842,091,96217,858,223Female <20 years old

3,985,0635,054,7184,654,28837,979,811Total Female Population

IIINCRIV-APhilippines

Table 2.73Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions

Philippines, 2000

Table 2.73Female Population Below 20 Years Old by Selected Regions

Philippines, 2000

Table 2.74Estimated Population Doubling Time of

CALABARZON Provinces and Catchment Areas

Source: NSO23.32.968. Metro Lipa34.52.07. Metro Batangas

27.162.546. San Pablo – Metro Lucena15.684.45. Central Cavite Cluster12.45.544. Tagaytay-Silang10.226.753. Northern Cavite15.274.522. Western Laguna

10.826.381. Northern Rizal ClusterCatchment Areas

125.745. Rizal33.82.044. Quezon18.83.683. Laguna11.56.002. Cavite26.72.581. Batangas17.63.91CALABARZON

Doubling Time (Years)

PGR (1990 –2000)

Source: NSO23.32.968. Metro Lipa34.52.07. Metro Batangas

27.162.546. San Pablo – Metro Lucena15.684.45. Central Cavite Cluster12.45.544. Tagaytay-Silang10.226.753. Northern Cavite15.274.522. Western Laguna

10.826.381. Northern Rizal ClusterCatchment Areas

125.745. Rizal33.82.044. Quezon18.83.683. Laguna11.56.002. Cavite26.72.581. Batangas17.63.91CALABARZON

Doubling Time (Years)

PGR (1990 –2000)


118118118118118

at 33.8 years, longer than the national average (Table2.74). Among the catchment areas, the NorthernRizal Cluster has the fastest doubling time at 9.3years while the Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual the

SOURCE: NSO

5,907,8045,739,2425,405,8364,980,5884,513,5324,038,1433,282,707OTHER AREAS

584,063652,863660,868632,550584,191526,412449,0708. Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan-Lipa

268,274411,793481,370503,545496,360471,935421,3987. Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose

1,226,8901,238,9711,194,3481,117,3641,024,139925,109809,9346. San Pablo City- Tiaong-

Candelaria-Sariaya-Lucena City-Pagbilao

519,479495,388447,130388,531328,012270,426201,4245. Tagaytay-Silang

649,413643,003598,874535,872465,898396,177313,9464. Rosario-Gen. Trias-Tanza-TMC

8,277,4236,047,6384,418,7143,227,8452,356,6251,718,8631,234,8803. Bacoor-Imus-Dasmariñas-Kawit-

GMA-Carmona-Noveleta –Cavite City

3,961,3453,292,8662,718,9892,232,1171,822,9961,481,9221,182,5812. Sn Pedro-Binan-Sta. Rosa-

Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baños-Bay

8,625,4396,413,7354,767,2253,541,1942,628,1171,948,0611,424,6891. Rondriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-

Taytay-Antipolo-Angono-Binangonan

23,547,63918,576,01414,666,23211,588,7599,164,3457,252,8456,075,396Catchment Areas

8,211,9736,357,5844,914,1603,790,6342,916,2642,236,0541,707,2185. Rizal

2,180,3412,248,5102,215,9022,120,2471,987,8351,836,7161,679,0304. Quezon

4,916,0874,318,8543,751,3123,227,6572,754,7292,334,5061,965,8723. Laguna

10,952,7758,321,5726,318,1494,791,6493,627,8732,740,2682,063,1612. Cavite

3,194,2683,068,7352,872,5452,639,1602,391,1762,143,4451,905,3481. Batangas

29,455,44424,315,25620,072,06816,569,34713,677,87611,290,9889,320,629CALABARZON

2030202520202015201020052000

5,907,8045,739,2425,405,8364,980,5884,513,5324,038,1433,282,707OTHER AREAS

584,063652,863660,868632,550584,191526,412449,0708. Sto. Tomas-Malvar-Tanauan-Lipa

268,274411,793481,370503,545496,360471,935421,3987. Batangas City-Bauan-San Pascual-San Jose

1,226,8901,238,9711,194,3481,117,3641,024,139925,109809,9346. San Pablo City- Tiaong-

Candelaria-Sariaya-Lucena City-Pagbilao

519,479495,388447,130388,531328,012270,426201,4245. Tagaytay-Silang

649,413643,003598,874535,872465,898396,177313,9464. Rosario-Gen. Trias-Tanza-TMC

8,277,4236,047,6384,418,7143,227,8452,356,6251,718,8631,234,8803. Bacoor-Imus-Dasmariñas-Kawit-

GMA-Carmona-Noveleta –Cavite City

3,961,3453,292,8662,718,9892,232,1171,822,9961,481,9221,182,5812. Sn Pedro-Binan-Sta. Rosa-

Cabuyao-Calamba-Los Baños-Bay

8,625,4396,413,7354,767,2253,541,1942,628,1171,948,0611,424,6891. Rondriguez-San Mateo-Cainta-

Taytay-Antipolo-Angono-Binangonan

23,547,63918,576,01414,666,23211,588,7599,164,3457,252,8456,075,396Catchment Areas

8,211,9736,357,5844,914,1603,790,6342,916,2642,236,0541,707,2185. Rizal

2,180,3412,248,5102,215,9022,120,2471,987,8351,836,7161,679,0304. Quezon

4,916,0874,318,8543,751,3123,227,6572,754,7292,334,5061,965,8723. Laguna

10,952,7758,321,5726,318,1494,791,6493,627,8732,740,2682,063,1612. Cavite

3,194,2683,068,7352,872,5452,639,1602,391,1762,143,4451,905,3481. Batangas

29,455,44424,315,25620,072,06816,569,34713,677,87611,290,9889,320,629CALABARZON

2030202520202015201020052000

Table 2.75Actual and Projected Population by Province and Catchment Areas

CALABARZON. 2000-2030

slowest, at 23.3 years.The population of CALABARZON is expected to

reach 13.6 million by 2010, 20.1 million in 2020,and 29.4 million in 2030. Cavite province will remain


119119119119119

as the most populous province while Quezon, theleast population due to unabated migration and slowfertility reductions, the populations of all theprovinces will continue to grow within the next 30years (Table 2.75). Whether or not the populationgrowth of the region and its provinces will deceleratewithin the next decade depends on how the otherparts of the country will be able to hasten theirdevelopment.

1.9 Issues/Concerns

The following issues are evident in the regionas consequences of rapid population growth.

a. Encroachment of EnvironmentallyCritical Areas

Lakeshore municipalities of Laguna Lake– Biñan, San Pedro, Calamba, Cabuyao andKalayaan in the province of Laguna, and Taytay,Binangonan and Angono in the province of Rizalhave PGRs higher than the regional average.Some municipalities around Taal Lake also havePGRs higher than that of the province ofBatangas— Agoncillo, Talisay, Lipa City, Baleteand Mataas na Kahoy. Municipalities which hostWatershed Forest Reserves (WFR) with highPGRs are Antipolo City (8.7 %) in Rizal, andInfanta (3.7 %), and Quezon (2.6 %) in Quezon.

b. Pollution

Based on studies of areas in Cavite andLaguna which are part of the the CALA Project,pollution is still mangeable in the area. Thelevels of sulfur dioxide and total suspended

particles are about 12 percent and 33 percentbelow DENR’s maximum allowable level. Thereis increasing concern in industrial and heavyvehicular traffic areas especially given urbanexpansion from Metro Manila which has a levelof air pollution 2 – 3 times higher thanacceptable World Health Office’s standards.

c. Employment

The increase in the working agepopulation implies the need to generate morejobs. Data on employment, however, show thatas the labor force participation rates areincreasing, the employment rates continue todrop. Underemployment is also rising.

d. Infrastructure Facilities

The need to improve accessibility andincrease availability of transport, power, waterand other infrastructure facilities shouldconsider both the produced demands ofhouseholds and the industrial and commercialsectors.

e. Housing, Education, Health and otherSocial Development Facilities

Rapid urbanization also demandsadequate and timely delivery of health,education and other social services, whichcannot be provided most expeditiously becauseof limitations in human, material and financialresources. The analyses of existing data haveindicated shortages in housing, education andhealth facilities shortages in various parts ofthe region.


120120120120120

Regional Economy andEmployment Situation2

The Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)is the estimated total income or output of goodsand services produced in the region as accountedfor by the following sectors: industry, services, andagriculture. For the period 1992-2001, the GRDPdata reflect the combined output of the erstwhileSouthern Tagalog Region (STR) (or the total forCALABARZON and MIMAROPA), while the data for2003-2005 include only that of CALABARZON.

2.1 Regional Growth and Share to NationalEconomy

The combined GRDP for CALABARZON andMIMAROPA expanded from P113.5B in 1992 toP163.2B in 2002 at constant prices or an averageannual growth rate of 3.7 percent (Table 2.76). Thisrate of annual growth is slightly higher than the GrossDomestic Product (GDP) of 3.6 percent over the

same period. For the period 2003-2005, the new GRDP configurationfor CALABARZON region showedincreased from P140.7B to P150.9Bwhich is more than 80 percent ofthe overall GRDP of the STR.

The GRDP share to thenational total was maintained atabout 15.8 percent. This shareranked second only to NCR. RegionIV and NCR, together with RegionIII, accounted for about 60 percentannual average of the country’sdomestic output. In 2003, thepercentage share of theCALABARZON region reducedslightly to 12.97. The industry andservices sector were the maincontributors to the national output,again placing the STR andCALABARZON region in particularsecond to Metro Manila. Agriculture,on the other hand, had the largestshare in the country’s Gross ValueAdded (GVA) among all regions,

Table 2.76Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and Growth Rates

Philippines, Southern Tagalog, 1992-2002 and CALABARZON, 2002-2005At Constant Prices (1985=100)

* Data for 2003-2005 are GRDP for CALABARZON Source: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, NSCB

2.94.712.47150,8701,209,4732005*

3.95.812.70146,4071,152,1732004*

-3.512.97140,7461,085,0722003*

8.15.715.57162,8401,046,0832002

2.83.215.22150,585989,2592001

3.54.415.28146,478958,4112000

1.73.415.42141,561918,1611999

-1.3-0.615.67139,144888,0011998

4.55.215.78140,912893,1511997

7.65.815.88134,814849,1211996

4.24.715.61125,248802,2241995

4.74.415.68120,155766,3681994

1.12.115.64114,787734,1561993

15.79113,545718,9411992

Region IV(%)

Philippines(%)Region IVPhilippines

Growth Rate% Share of

Reg. IV

GRDP (in Php ‘000,000)Year

* Data for 2003-2005 are GRDP for CALABARZON Source: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, NSCB

2.94.712.47150,8701,209,4732005*

3.95.812.70146,4071,152,1732004*

-3.512.97140,7461,085,0722003*

8.15.715.57162,8401,046,0832002

2.83.215.22150,585989,2592001

3.54.415.28146,478958,4112000

1.73.415.42141,561918,1611999

-1.3-0.615.67139,144888,0011998

4.55.215.78140,912893,1511997

7.65.815.88134,814849,1211996

4.24.715.61125,248802,2241995

4.74.415.68120,155766,3681994

1.12.115.64114,787734,1561993

15.79113,545718,9411992

Region IV(%)

Philippines(%)Region IVPhilippines

Growth Rate% Share of

Reg. IV

GRDP (in Php ‘000,000)Year

121121121121121

despite the fact that the agriculture had a relativelysmaller share to GRDP as compared with industryand services.

2.2 Sectoral Distribution of GRDP

Industry, services and agriculture output aremeasured in terms of Gross Value Added. Theassessment of the regional economic structure ofthe region as shown in Table 2.77 was based onthe relative change in the percentage shares of thethree sectors and the possible major contributionsof the CALABARZON and MIMAROPA regions for itssector.

2.2.1 Industry Sector

During the ten-year period, 1992 to 2002, theindustry sector contributed the highest share to theGRDP at an average of 43.20 percent annually. Thesector’s performance varied during the period. Theshare of the sector in the GRDP increased from 43.37percent in 1992 to 44.20 percent in 1997, followedwith a declined in the share in 1998 to 2001 with42.00 percent and back in 2002 to 43.20 percent.The industry sector’s output grew at an averageannual rate of 6.50 percent, or 2.90 percentagepoints higher than the GRDP growth rate.Manufacturing, construction and electricity, gas andwater sub-sectors were the main contributors of thesector.

The manufacturing industry accounted foralmost one-third of the overall regional economyand contributed an average of 19 to 20 percent tothe national output in manufacturing. This sub-sector grew at an average of 2.95 percent, a littlehigher than the national growth rate of 2.53 percent.The increased share in the manufacturing industrywas attributed to the growth in production in theindustrial parks/estates in CALABARZON particularlyin the late 1990’s when the Ecozone Act of 1995took effect. Prior to this Act, there were only 9proclaimed industrial estates in CALABARZON. This

SOURCE: Philippine Statistical Yearbook

Table 2.77Average Share to GDP,

GVA and GRDP by SectorSouthern Tagalog and CALABARZON Region,

1992-2005

SHARE TO GRDP

SHARE TO GVA

SHARE TO GDPSECTOR

Southern Tagalog Region (1992-2002)

Source of basic data: Philippine Statistical Yearbook19.612.772.5Agriculture38.510.334.9Services41.916.075.2Industry

CALABARZON Region (2003-2005)

25.1919.384.3Agriculture31.6112.894.93Services43.216.717.16Industry

SHARE TO GRDP

SHARE TO GVA

SHARE TO GDPSECTOR

Southern Tagalog Region (1992-2002)

Source of basic data: Philippine Statistical Yearbook19.612.772.5Agriculture38.510.334.9Services41.916.075.2Industry

CALABARZON Region (2003-2005)

25.1919.384.3Agriculture31.6112.894.93Services43.216.717.16Industry

increased to 34 out of the total 77 proclaimedecozones in the country. Of the 34 proclaimedecozones in CALABARZON, 25 are now fullyoperational as against the total 45 for the country.

Gross value added for construction, electricity,gas and water, likewise increased at an averageannual growth rate of 5.9 percent and 4.9 percent,respectively. Just like the manufacturing industry,the construction and electricity, gas and watersectors consistently ranked second to Metro Manilain terms of share to the GVA of the sector.

2.2.2 Service Sector

The gross value added for the service sectorincreased its share to the regional output from 29.57percent in 1992 to 33.79 percent in 2002. This wasmainly due to the steady growth of the sub sectors(transportation, communication and storage, trade,finance, ownership of dwelling, private andgovernment service). The trade industry, the maingrowth driver of the sector posted a faster growthat 6.4 percent during 2001-2002 from its 3.0 percentperformance in 1993. In absolute terms, the GVArose from P15.6B in 1992 to P26.4B in 2002,contributing an average of more than 40 percent to


122122122122122

the overall regional income of the sector. Thedevelopment of the small and medium enterprises,expansion and modernization of trade supportfacilities such as ports and road networks led to theincome expansion in the service sector as a whole.

2.2.3 Agriculture Sector

The agriculture, fishery and forestry sub-sectorcontributed 19 percent to the overall agriculturesector output during the ten-year period. The GVAgradually increased from P31.01B in 1992 to P37.47Bin 2002, mostly income from agriculture and fisherysub-sectors. The income in forestry sub-sectordeclined from P228M in 1998 to only P49M in 2002.On the whole, this made the Southern Tagalog Regionthe biggest contributor to the national income inagriculture. The sector sustained its highproduction with the massive implementation ofthe Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act(AFMA) in the region, effectively shielding the sectorfrom the effects of the rapid agricultural landconversion to residential, industrial and commercialuses particularly in CALABARZON.

The MIMAROPA region, which is dominantly anagricultural area, had accounted for the biggestshare to the total regional output. The bulk ofCALABARZON’s share came mainly from theproduction of hogs, chicken, egg and crops such ascoconut, cacao, pineapple, and sugarcane. Theincreasing number of slaughterhouses made theCALABARZON region as one the country’s main sourceof livestock and poultry products.

2.3 Economic Specialization

The degree of a region’s economicspecialization is largely determined by its economicactivities and employment levels. In the past years,the economic activities in CALABARZON wereinfluenced by those of the National Capital Regiondue to their proximate locations. The economicactivities in CALABARZON are dominated by the

services and industry sectors. The employmentlevels also showed that the service and industrysectors accounted for the bulk of regionalemployment averaging at 47.19 and 29.84 percent,respectively during the 1994-2000 period. In termsof the share to the national employment, the servicesector contributed 9.67 percent while the industrysector 15.21 percent. These indicators would showthat the region is found to be specialized in theservices and industry sector particularly inmanufacturing given its significant contribution tothe national economy. This is expected as the regioncontinues to absorb the spill-over effects of MetroManila’s development.

The economic activities under the servicesector include (1) community, social and personalservices, (2) wholesale and retail trade, (3) financeand transportation, (4) storage and (5)communication. A fast-growing industry sectorwould demand for these types of support services.Other contributions that caused the upsurge indemand for services were the continuousdevelopment and promotion of the small andmedium enterprises and the expansion andmodernization of trade support facilities such asports (Dalahican in Quezon and Batangas Port) androad networks. These make the CALABARZONfunction as a domestic and international cargotransshipment and trading hub in the country.Likewise, the region is a favorite destination ofmultinational firms outsourcing information andtechnology-related ventures in the country. Housingprojects and the establishment of hotels, malls,restaurants, hospitals, educational and bankinginstitutions also attributed to the increased demandfor economic activities in the service sector.

The industry sector encompasses activities in(1) manufacturing, (2) construction and (3) electric,gas and water. Increased industrial activities werefueled by the expansion of and continuousdevelopment of industrial estates and ecozones. Atpresent, CALABARZON plays host in 25 ecozones.

2. Regional Economy and Employment Situation

123123123123123

Most locators are of the assembly type-industriesutilizing imported raw materials, which are not agri-based. The bulk of exports products are electronics,semi-conductors, chemicals and garments, whichwere generated in the provinces of Laguna, Caviteand Batangas. The biggest number of establishments(with 10 or more workers) comprises manufacturingindustries such as processed food, garments andfootwear industry, housewares, decors and woodproducts, electronics, among others. Most of theseindustries are located in the urban areas ofCALABARZON particularly in Antipolo, Cainta andTaytay, Rizal, Bacoor, Imus, Carmona, Silang andDasmariñas, Cavite, San Pedro, Binan, Cabuyao, Sta.Cruz, Los Baños, Calamba, San Pablo and Sta Rosa,Laguna, while in Batangas province in the cities ofBatangas Lipa and Tanauan and in the municipalitiesof Sto. Tomas, Bauan and San Pascual and in LucenaCity, Candelaria, Sariaya Quezon.

The share of the region’s employment inagriculture to the country’s employment inagriculture declined from 5.70 in 1994 to 4.70percent in 2000. The development of the agriculturesector particularly in crop production wasconstrained by the conversion of the region’sagricultural lands into other uses as a result ofurbanization and industrialization particularly in the

lowland areas of Cavite, Laguna and Rizal. Activitiesin the agriculture sector varied across provinces.Crops and fishery production are concentrated inQuezon given the terrain of all land area. Batangas,Laguna and Rizal where slaughterhouses and poultryfarms are located, have become the main sourcesof hogs, livestock, and poultry products not onlyfor the region but also for the country. As a whole,other agricultural activities in the region consist ofrice, coconut, cacao, pineapple, sugarcane and othercrop productions.

2.4 Employment Situation

The region’s total population of 15 years oldand over increased from 4.2 million in 1993 to 6.1million in 2001 or about 60 percent of the totalpopulation in CALABARZON (Table 2.78). This showedan average annual growth rate of 4.49 percent overthe same period. The labor force participation ratesshowed an increasing trend during this period,reaching a high 66.4 percent in 2001 The region’sworking population (total number of personemployed) reached 3.9 million in 2002 from 2.6million in 1993. On the average labor force grew by4.1 percent, higher than the average annualemployment growth rate of 3.8 percent. This meansthat the entrants to the labor force grew faster than

the total number of people employed.

For the period 1993 to 2002, averageemployment rate as computed, stood at89.93, lower than the national average at90.99 percent but better than the NationalCapital Region’s average at 84.40 percent.The region’s highest employment rate wasrecorded in 1996 at 92.63 percent, with theincreased demand for labor in the industrialestates/economic zones. The lowest ratewas recorded in 2002 at 87.06 percent dueto domestic economic crisis and politicalproblems experienced in the country. It maybe noted that employment in the urban areasexpanded at a higher rate than in the rural


SOURCE: National Statistics Office

Figure 2.48Distribution of Manufacturing Establishment, 2000

16%

17%

31%

15%

21%

Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon RizalBatangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal

SOURCE: National Statistics Office

Figure 2.48Distribution of Manufacturing Establishment, 2000

16%

17%

31%

15%

21%

Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon RizalBatangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal

124124124124124

areas with the difference of 3.55 percentage pointfor the period 1994 to 2002 (Table 2.79). This showsmore job opportunities were available in the urbanareas than in the rural areas. It was likewiseobserved that, for the period 1998 to 2002, theregional employment was dominated by the malepopulation which accounted for an average of 60percent of the labor market.

Unemployment rate rose to 12.92 percent in2002 from 9.27 percent in 1993. The increasing trendin unemployment in the region would indicate thataside from the recorded workers laid off andretrenched in 1998 due to economic crisis, the regionwas not able to provide jobs to the new entrants tothe labor force as a result of the rapid increase inthe region’s workforce population and in-migration


Table 2.78Population 15 Years Old and Over by Sex and Employment Status, Urban- Rural


Source of basic data: Labor Force Survery, NSO

172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural

11897321272621227193538022014060Urban2002165143930322872048290245334845935Total4747898669789100411712651991Rural

11896120462181259189833622193944Urban2001134127429012971898280143131725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199998104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural4960214481061004140515716072855Urban19969096722751881590223827625594511Total27346872617079288710531800Rural636211403127883131018915062711Urban19958889621861721546218426024394368Total30336842557089318510411773Rural585601344117838125317513982595Urban1994

Un-employedEmployedUn-

employedEmployedUn-employedEmployed

In the Labor ForcePop'n 15 yrs and

over


over


over

FemaleMaleBoth Sexes

AreaYear


172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural


11896120462181259189833622193944Urban2001134127429012971898280143131725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199998104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural4960214481061004140515716072855Urban19969096722751881590223827625594511Total27346872617079288710531800Rural636211403127883131018915062711Urban19958889621861721546218426024394368Total30336842557089318510411773Rural585601344117838125317513982595Urban1994




over


over


over


AreaYear




172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural


11896120462181259189833622193944Urban2001134127429012971898280143131725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban1999981048




172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural


11896120462181259189833622193944Urban2001134127429012971898280143131725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199998104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural4960214481061004140515716072855Urban19969096722751881590223827625594511Total27346872617079288710531800Rural636211403127883131018915062711Urban19958889621861721546218426024394368Total30

25192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural4960214481061004140515716072855Urban19969096722751881590223827625594511Total27346872617079288710531800Rural636211403127883131018915062711Urban19958889621861721546218426024394368Total30336842557089318510411773Rural585601344117838125317513982595Urban1994




over


over


over


AreaYear


172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural


11896120462181259189833622193944Urban20011341274290129718982801431

336842557089318510411773Rural585601344117838125317513982595Urban1994




over


over


over


AreaYear


172144331703422026297151534706139Total54470104380799103613512692079Rural


11896120462181259189833622193944Urban2001134127429012971898280143131725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199998104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural

31725704Total354089497372396910911321919Rural9986619522241175183232220403785Urban200098104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199998104825192131748241131327954931Total393819386875595010811361889Rural596671581145993146120516593042Urban199882104024401701736234425427724787Total30370911497579458011251857Rural526701529121979139917416472930Urban 19976695323181471756232821627114648Total17351870417529235911041793Rural4960214481061004140515716072855Urban19969096722751881590223827625594511Total27346872617079288710531800Rural636211403127883131018915062711Urban19958889621861721546218426024394368Total30336842557089318510411773Rural585601344117838125317513982595Urban1994




over


over


over


AreaYear

125125125125125

SOURCE: NSO

Table 2.80Employment by Industry (In thousands)


6.314.692.19Ave. Growth Rate 190450813968952566396784981802002182150313188832406436414651762001153145210798092485615714161552000145046099078924954063446916519991367428939816265551594437157199898229868492330062366940626319979252756508842826026604072531996850266584608172436505334171199510323456876792304496174601571994

TotalRuralUrbanTotalRuralTotalTotalRuralUrbanServiceIndustryAgriculture

Year

6.314.692.19Ave. Growth Rate 190450813968952566396784981802002182150313188832406436414651762001153145210798092485615714161552000145046099078924954063446916519991367428939816265551594437157199898229868492330062366940626319979252756508842826026604072531996850266584608172436505334171199510323456876792304496174601571994

TotalRuralUrbanTotalRuralTotalTotalRuralUrbanServiceIndustryAgriculture

Year

from Metro Manila. By 2002,there were more than half‘ amillion unemployed in the regioncompared to 1993 level of lessthan two fifth of a million.

The underemployment ratein the region, averaged at 7.66percent, or in absolute terms,219,743 employed persons wereunderemployed. This may be dueto unavailability of decent jobsfor highly qualified workers.

By industry group, theservice sector employed the bulkof workers in the region. Itaccounted for an annual averageof more than 47.19 percent ofthe total regional employmentand contributed 13.16 percent tothe national employment of theservice sector. The share of the sector in theregional employment rose from 44.33 percent in1994 to 54.76 percent in 2000. In absolute terms,the sector created 872 thousands new jobs between1994 and 2002, the biggest increment of which was

in 1998 with 385 thousands jobs. Majority of theworkers were engaged in the community, social andpersonal services, wholesale and retail trade and intransportation, storage and communicationactivities.


Table 2.79Labor Force and EmploymentCALABARZON Region, 1993-2002

8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.2610.0689.9463.895,07319998.9610.0289.9863.034,92919987.428.3891.6263.214,78719977.647.3792.6362.984,64819966.069.7790.2362.874,51219955.949.6090.4061.774,36719947.209.2790.7361.884,2131993

Under-employment

Rate

Un-employment

RateEmployment

Rate

Labor Force Participation

Rate

Total Population 15 yrs. old and over

(In Thousand)

Year

8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.2610.0689.9463.895,07319998.9610.0289.9863.034,92919987.428.3891.6263.214,78719977.647.3792.6362.984,64819966.069.7790.2362.874,51219955.949.6090.4061.774,36719947.209.2790.7361.884,2131993

Under-employment

Rate

Un-employment

RateEmployment

Rate


Rate


(In Thousand)

Year

1.Data were taken from the final results of the October Labor Force Survey2.Data may not add up to the total due to rounding 3.Computed based on the LFPR of the CALABARZON ProvincesSOURCE: NSO for the base data


8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.2610.0689.9463.895,07319998.9610.0289.9863.034,92919987.428.3891.6263.214,78719977.647.3792.6362.984,64819966.069.7790.2362.874,51219955.949.6090.4061.774,36719947.209.2790.7361.884,2131993

Under-employment

Rate

Un-employment

RateEmployment

Rate


Rate


(In Thousand)

Year

8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.26


8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.2610.0689.9463.895,07319998.9610.0289.9863.034,92919987.428.3891.6263.214,78719977.647.3792.6362.984,64819966.069.7790.2362.874,51219955.949.6090.4061.774,36719947.209.2790.7361.884,2131993

Under-employment

Rate

Un-employment

RateEmployment

Rate


Rate


(In Thousand)

Year

8.2412.9287.0864.906,14120029.8611.4088.6066.385,93420018.0411.9888.0263.145,70520007.2610.0689.9463.895,07319998.9610.0289.9863.034,92919987.428.3891.6263.214,78719977.647.3792.6362.984,64819966.069.7790.2362.874,51219955.949.6090.4061.774,36719947.209.2790.7361.884,2131993

Under-employment

Rate

Un-employment

RateEmployment

Rate


Rate


(In Thousand)

Year

1.Data were taken from the final results of the October Labor Force Survey2.Data may not add up to the total due to rounding 3.Computed based on the LFPR of the CALABARZON ProvincesSOURCE: NSO for the base data

126126126126126

On the contrary, the employment share of theindustry and agriculture sectors declined during thesame period. Employment in the industry sectordecreased from 29.17 percent in 1994 to 25.74percent, and in the agriculture sector, from 26.50percent in 1994 to 19.50 percent in 2000. Thoughthe industry sector was only the second highestemployer in the region, it was highest contributor(about 16 percent) to the country’s employment inindustry sector, contributing 29.84 percent to totalemployment. The agriculture sector on the otherhand, contributed a meager 5 percent to thecountry’s agricultural employment. Theemployment growth of the sector was steady at anannual average of 2.19 percent. In absolute terms,only 629 thousands of the total workforce were

engaged in agricultural activities. The inabilityof the sector to absorb new entrants to the laborforce especially in the rural areas, could worsenthe poverty situation in the region. Given this,there is a need to accelerate policies, programsand projects that would generate agriculture-related employment.

Figure 2.49 shows the economicspecialization of municipalities and cities as gleanedfrom the employment by industry. The map showthat the working population of municipalities andcities included in the Urban Growth Corridor aremore likely to engage in industry and services whilethe municipalities belonging to the resource-baseclusters are into agriculture.

S ervices

LegendIndustry

A griculture

F igure 2.49Econom ic Specialization of C ities and M unicipalities

S ervices

LegendIndustry

A griculture

S ervices

LegendIndustry

A griculture

LegendIndustry

A griculture

F igure 2.49Econom ic Specialization of C ities and M unicipalities

Figure 2.49Economic Specialization of Cities and Municipalities


127127127127127

2.5 Family Income and Poverty Situation

The region’s poverty incidence or theproportion of families living below the povertythreshold was recorded at 16.05 percent in the year2000 showing a decrease from 33.86 percent in 1991.This is significantly lower in comparison with thenational poverty incidence for the same year. Effortsof the government to alleviate poverty gainedfavorable outcome as the number of poor familiesdeclined from 371,000 to 274,778 families between1994 to 1997. However, a total of 12,695 morefamilies fell below the poverty line by 2000. Theslump in the regional economy in 1998 brought bythe El Niño/La Niña Phenomenon and the Aseanfinancial crisis adversely affected the poorcommunities especially those slightly above thepoverty line. The immigration of poor families fromMetro Manila and the nearby provinces of MIMAROPAcontributed also to the increased poverty incidencein the CALABARZON.

In view of the above, poverty alleviation is oneof the major concerns of the region. Povertycontinues to be prevalent in the rural areas as morethan 60 percent of the total poor families in theregion live therein. Nevertheless, poor families inboth the rural and urban areas should be given equal

access to basic services and livelihood andemployment opportunities to help alleviate poverty.

The province of Quezon has the highest povertyincidence among the provinces at 34.10 percent in2000. This shows a significant decline from 53.9percent in 1991, or about 139,677 families. Despitethe decline, Quezon still accounts for the highestnumber of poor families or 40 percent of total poorfamilies in the region. Of the total poor families inQuezon, ninety-six thousand families live in the ruralareas and rely mainly on farming and fishingactivities for their livelihood. Quezon is rankedamong the 44 poorest provinces in the country.

Meanwhile, Rizal has the lowest povertyincidence at 8.0 percent and also the lowest in termsof number of poor families at 27,555. The provincesof Batangas, Cavite and Laguna post rates of povertyincidence at 20.90 percent, 10.80 percent and 8.6percent, respectively. Although Cavite and Rizalhave lower rates of poverty incidence, the povertydata would show that the biggest increments in thenumber of poor families have been in Cavite at15,437 and Rizal at 10,984 families, mostly in theurban areas. This can be attributed to the in-migration and relocation of squatters fromneighboring areas.

Table 2.81Poverty Incidence

Source of basic data: NSO27,555116,73433,41238,08471,688287,4735,139,565200016,571123,15640,87422,64771,530274,7784,511,151199732,088147,24755,16228,706107,797371,0004,531,170199443,211139,67761,01047,78180,200371,8794,780,8651991

Magnitude of Poor Families8.034.18.610.220.916.0533.720008.336.512.3822.118.6331.8199718.448.318.811.636.531.4835.5199426.953.925.618.937.533.8639.91991

Incidence of FamiliesRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangas

CALABARZONPhilippinesIndicators Provinces

Source of basic data: NSO27,555116,73433,41238,08471,688287,4735,139,565200016,571123,15640,87422,64771,530274,7784,511,151199732,088147,24755,16228,706107,797371,0004,531,170199443,211139,67761,01047,78180,200371,8794,780,8651991

Magnitude of Poor Families8.034.18.610.220.916.0533.720008.336.512.3822.118.6331.8199718.448.318.811.636.531.4835.5199426.953.925.618.937.533.8639.91991

Incidence of FamiliesRizalQuezonLagunaCaviteBatangas

CALABARZONPhilippinesIndicators Provinces


130130130130130

Appendix Table No. 1Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production

CALABARZON, 1998 - 2002

2,088,7281,177,7921,264,6301,066,450618,491Rizal

31,03720,54825,58024,14917,427Quezon

663,6681,533,054261,120Batangas

2,783,4332,731,3941,551,3301,090,59935,918(Cu.M.)Limestone

61,2002,62714,003Rizal

17,86215,21412,47023,464224Quezon

69,07831,48372,620103,34791,810Laguna

6,17049,299Cavite

23,810Batangas

86,940107,89785,090159,41155,266(Cu.M.)Filling Materials

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160Laguna

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160M.T.Cinder Black

11,565,582Rizal

17,371,44813,328,78716,050,5038,016,050Batangas

28,937,03013,328,78716,050,5038,016,050BagsCement

60,637103,62628,101274Quezon

60,637103,62628,101274(Cu.M.)Cascajo

14783Quezon

121,579176,883203,685132,221Laguna

121,72683176,883203,685132,221(Cu.M.)Blasted Rock

1,020Rizal

14551116134,261Quezon

102,97740,37551,94970,22334,261Laguna

104,14240,88651,94970,384(Cu.M.)Base Course

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388Rizal

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388(Cu.M.)Basalt

6001,2001,4402,520Quezon

6001,2001,4402,520(Cu.M.)Ball Clay

3,501,0171,125,891716,4171,780,9351,383,164Rizal

170,6005,6709,9784,118Quezon

197,388128,371129,043238,666132,116Laguna

3,869,0051,259,932855,4382,023,7191,515,280(Cu.M.)Aggregates

20022001200019991998UnitCommodity/Prov.

2,088,7281,177,7921,264,6301,066,450618,491Rizal

31,03720,54825,58024,14917,427Quezon

663,6681,533,054261,120Batangas

2,783,4332,731,3941,551,3301,090,59935,918(Cu.M.)Limestone

61,2002,62714,003Rizal

17,86215,21412,47023,464224Quezon

69,07831,48372,620103,34791,810Laguna

6,17049,299Cavite

23,810Batangas

86,940107,89785,090159,41155,266(Cu.M.)Filling Materials

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160Laguna

1,9004,0909,30032,8058,160M.T.Cinder Black

11,565,582Rizal

17,371,44813,328,78716,050,5038,016,050Batangas

28,937,03013,328,78716,050,5038,016,050BagsCement

60,637103,62628,101274Quezon

60,637103,62628,101274(Cu.M.)Cascajo

14783Quezon

121,579176,883203,685132,221Laguna

121,72683176,883203,685132,221(Cu.M.)Blasted Rock

1,020Rizal

14551116134,261Quezon

102,97740,37551,94970,22334,261Laguna

104,14240,88651,94970,384(Cu.M.)Base Course

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388Rizal

842,8541,579,683210,178425,388(Cu.M.)Basalt

6001,2001,4402,520Quezon

6001,2001,4402,520(Cu.M.)Ball Clay

3,501,0171,125,891716,4171,780,9351,383,164Rizal

170,6005,6709,9784,118Quezon

197,388128,371129,043238,666132,116Laguna

3,869,0051,259,932855,4382,023,7191,515,280(Cu.M.)Aggregates


131131131131131


7716Rizal

17,9765,8834,1432,76413,496Quezon

4,3807,0596,50712,55619,650Laguna

15,4908,9167,949Batangas

22,35628,43410,65024,31341,111(Cu.M.)Stones, Cobbles, Boulders

5,775Rizal

2956Quezon

30,2995,2815,9665,6758,137Cavite

17,386Batangas

30,29911,0855,9665,73125,523(Cu.M.)Soil

32,54077,997Rizal

32,54077,997M.T.Silicious Clay

94,3556,99650,757Rizal

150Quezon

2616,767Batangas

26111,2726,99650,757M.T.Silica

1,4249,294Rizal

96,242295,84075,070Batangas

96,242297,26475,0709,294M.T.Shale

22,515Rizal

74359Quezon

3522,4221594,9454,355Laguna

35225,6802184,9454,355(Cu.M.)Selected Barrow

30,659582,392512,041480,3771,016,733Rizal

90,846326,262275,842660,920188,294Quezon

3,3463,1006,62314,183182,555Laguna

1,68927,04832,66524,33025,998Batangas

126,540938,802827,1711,179,8101,413,580(Cu.M.)Sand and Gravel



7716Rizal

17,9765,8834,1432,76413,496Quezon

4,3807,0596,50712,55619,650Laguna

15,4908,9167,949Batangas

22,35628,43410,65024,31341,111(Cu.M.)Stones, Cobbles, Boulders

5,775Rizal

2956Quezon

30,2995,2815,9665,6758,137Cavite

17,386Batangas

30,29911,0855,9665,73125,523(Cu.M.)Soil

32,54077,997Rizal

32,54077,997M.T.Silicious Clay

94,3556,99650,757Rizal

150Quezon

2616,767Batangas

26111,2726,99650,757M.T.Silica

1,4249,294Rizal

96,242295,84075,070Batangas

96,242297,26475,0709,294M.T.Shale

22,515Rizal

74359Quezon

3522,4221594,9454,355Laguna

35225,6802184,9454,355(Cu.M.)Selected Barrow

30,659582,392512,041480,3771,016,733Rizal

90,846326,262275,842660,920188,294Quezon

3,3463,1006,62314,183182,555Laguna

1,68927,04832,66524,33025,998Batangas

126,540938,802827,1711,179,8101,413,580(Cu.M.)Sand and Gravel


Appendix Table No. 1Selected Non-Metallic Minerals / Volume of Production

CALABARZON, 1998 - 2002

132132132132132

86Shellgas Philippines, Inc. Tabangao Special Economic Zone - Tabangao, Batangas

195.54Manila South Coast Development Corp.

South Coast Ecozone - Papaya, Nasugbu, Batangas

87.43Robinson's Realty & Management Corp.

RLC Special Economic Zone - Simlong, Batangas City, Batangas

900Rancho Montana Inc. Rancho Montana Ecozone - Luyos, Sulpoc & Suplang,Tanauan, Batangas

66.63Philippine Townships, Inc.Philtown Technology Park - Trapiche, Pagaspas & Baloc-Baloc, Tanauan, Batangas

109.15Lima Technology Center (Malvar) - Santiago & Payapa, Malvar, Batangas

171.02Lima Land, Inc.Lima Technology Center (Lipa) - San Lucas, Bugtong na Dulo& Inosluban, Lipa

134.8RFM-Science Park of the Phils., Inc.

Light Industry & Science Park III -San Rafael & Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas

191.4Fil-Estate Land, Inc.Harbour Town - Calayo, Nasugbu, Batangas

32.43Guoco Property Devt. Inc. Guoco Industrial Center - San Pedro & San Pablo, Sto Tomas Batangas

89.14First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Second Expansion - PantayBata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas

62.08First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Expansion - Pantay Bata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas

72.99First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park - Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas

50.32First Batangas Industrial Park, Inc. First Batangas Industrial Park II - Mang-hinao & Balayong, Bauan, Batangas

53.81First Batangas Industrial Park, Inc. First Batangas Industrial Park - Mang-hinao & Balayong, Bauan, Batangas

100.73Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park Tanauan - Pantay Matanda, Tanauan, Batangas

42United Coconut Chemicals, Inc. Cocochem Agro-Industrial Park - Aplaya & Danglayan, Bauan, Batangas

50Brystol Realty Development Corp. Batangas Industrial Estate - Maligaya, Rosario, Batangas

B A T A N G A S

Total Area (in hectares)Developer / OperatorEcozone / LocationProvince

86Shellgas Philippines, Inc. Tabangao Special Economic Zone - Tabangao, Batangas

195.54Manila South Coast Development Corp.

South Coast Ecozone - Papaya, Nasugbu, Batangas

87.43Robinson's Realty & Management Corp.

RLC Special Economic Zone - Simlong, Batangas City, Batangas

900Rancho Montana Inc. Rancho Montana Ecozone - Luyos, Sulpoc & Suplang,Tanauan, Batangas

66.63Philippine Townships, Inc.Philtown Technology Park - Trapiche, Pagaspas & Baloc-Baloc, Tanauan, Batangas

109.15Lima Technology Center (Malvar) - Santiago & Payapa, Malvar, Batangas

171.02Lima Land, Inc.Lima Technology Center (Lipa) - San Lucas, Bugtong na Dulo& Inosluban, Lipa

134.8RFM-Science Park of the Phils., Inc.

Light Industry & Science Park III -San Rafael & Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas

191.4Fil-Estate Land, Inc.Harbour Town - Calayo, Nasugbu, Batangas

32.43Guoco Property Devt. Inc. Guoco Industrial Center - San Pedro & San Pablo, Sto Tomas Batangas

89.14First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Second Expansion - PantayBata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas

62.08First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park Expansion - Pantay Bata & Ulango, Tanauan, Batangas

72.99First Philippine Industrial Park, Inc. First Philippine Industrial Park - Sta. Anastacia, Sto. Tomas, Batangas

50.32First Batangas Industrial Park, Inc. First Batangas Industrial Park II - Mang-hinao & Balayong, Bauan, Batangas

53.81First Batangas Industrial Park, Inc. First Batangas Industrial Park - Mang-hinao & Balayong, Bauan, Batangas

100.73Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park Tanauan - Pantay Matanda, Tanauan, Batangas

42United Coconut Chemicals, Inc. Cocochem Agro-Industrial Park - Aplaya & Danglayan, Bauan, Batangas

50Brystol Realty Development Corp. Batangas Industrial Estate - Maligaya, Rosario, Batangas

B A T A N G A S


Appendix Table No. 2List of Special Economic ZonesCALABARZON, As of January 2004

133133133133133

100Taipan Gold Empire Corporation Taipan Gold Industrial Park - Defuego & San Francisco, Gen. Trias, Cavite

100S.P. Properties, Inc. Sterling Technopark SEZ - Maguyam, Silang & Bancal and Lantic, Carmona, Cavite

15Jetti Industrial Development Corporation

Petroleum Industry Economic Zone - Munting Mapino, Naic, Cavite

52.99ROHM Realty, Inc. People's Technology Complex - Maduya, Carmona, Cavite

177Philippine Estates Corporation PEC Industrial Park - Buenavista, General Trias, Cavite

150Marcelo Biotech, Inc.Marcelo IPG Industrial & Aqua Farming Park - Bacoor Bay, Cavite City

38Golden Mile Resources Development Corporation

Golden Mile Business Park - Governor's Drive, Maduya, Carmona, Cavite

82.25Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park (Expansion I)- Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite

27.81Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park -Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite

59.78First Cavite Industrial Estate, Inc. First Cavite Industrial Estate - Langkaan, Dasmariñas, Cavite

122.28Filoil Development and Management Corp.

Filoil Special Economic Zone II - Rosario, Cavite


Filoil Special Economic Zone - Rosario, Cavite

86Filinvest Land, IncFilinvest Technology Park Cavite - Hugo Perez,TreceMartirez, Cavite

80.62Fil-Estate Industrial Park, Inc.Fil-Estate Industrial Park - Trece Martirez City and Tanza, Cavite

12.2EMI-Jolou Realty, Inc. EMI Special Economic Zone -Anabu II, Imus, Cavite

55.02Daiichi Property Ventures, Inc. Daiichi Industrial Park - Maguyam, Silang, Cavite

86McSpec Realty Ventures, Corp. Cambridge Intelligent Park -Malinta, Dasmariñas, Cavite

145.06Best World Land International, Inc. Best World Technopark - Batas, Silang, Cavite

116.22Cavite Productivity & Economic Zone Corp.

Cavite Productivity Economic Zone - Sahud-Ulan, Tanza, Cavite

104.95Cavite Eco-Industrial Estate Corp. Cavite Eco-Industrial Estate - Pasong Kawayan II, Gen. Trias, Cavite

9.87Majestic Landscape Corporation Cavite Economic Zone (Annexation) - Bacao, Gen. Trias, Cavite

278.51Philippine Economic Zone Authority Cavite Economic Zone - Rosario, Cavite

C A V I T E

Total Area(in hectares)Developer / OperatorEcozone / LocationProvince

100Taipan Gold Empire Corporation Taipan Gold Industrial Park - Defuego & San Francisco, Gen. Trias, Cavite

100S.P. Properties, Inc. Sterling Technopark SEZ - Maguyam, Silang & Bancal and Lantic, Carmona, Cavite

15Jetti Industrial Development Corporation

Petroleum Industry Economic Zone - Munting Mapino, Naic, Cavite

52.99ROHM Realty, Inc. People's Technology Complex - Maduya, Carmona, Cavite

177Philippine Estates Corporation PEC Industrial Park - Buenavista, General Trias, Cavite

150Marcelo Biotech, Inc.Marcelo IPG Industrial & Aqua Farming Park - Bacoor Bay, Cavite City

38Golden Mile Resources Development Corporation

Golden Mile Business Park - Governor's Drive, Maduya, Carmona, Cavite

82.25Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park (Expansion I)- Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite

27.81Gateway Property Holdings, Inc. Gateway Business Park -Javalera, Gen. Trias, Cavite

59.78First Cavite Industrial Estate, Inc. First Cavite Industrial Estate - Langkaan, Dasmariñas, Cavite


Filoil Special Economic Zone II - Rosario, Cavite


Filoil Special Economic Zone - Rosario, Cavite

86Filinvest Land, IncFilinvest Technology Park Cavite - Hugo Perez,TreceMartirez, Cavite

80.62Fil-Estate Industrial Park, Inc.Fil-Estate Industrial Park - Trece Martirez City and Tanza, Cavite

12.2EMI-Jolou Realty, Inc. EMI Special Economic Zone -Anabu II, Imus, Cavite

55.02Daiichi Property Ventures, Inc. Daiichi Industrial Park - Maguyam, Silang, Cavite

86McSpec Realty Ventures, Corp. Cambridge Intelligent Park -Malinta, Dasmariñas, Cavite

145.06Best World Land International, Inc. Best World Technopark - Batas, Silang, Cavite

116.22Cavite Productivity & Economic Zone Corp.

Cavite Productivity Economic Zone - Sahud-Ulan, Tanza, Cavite

104.95Cavite Eco-Industrial Estate Corp. Cavite Eco-Industrial Estate - Pasong Kawayan II, Gen. Trias, Cavite

9.87Majestic Landscape Corporation Cavite Economic Zone (Annexation) - Bacao, Gen. Trias, Cavite

278.51Philippine Economic Zone Authority Cavite Economic Zone - Rosario, Cavite

C A V I T E

Total Area(in hectares)Developer / OperatorEcozone / LocationProvince


134134134134134

20.66YTMI Realty CorporationYTMI Realty Special Economic Zone - Brgy. Makiling, Calamba, Laguna

52.67Toyota Motors Philippines Corporation

Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Economic Zone II -Pulong Sta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

25Toyota Motors Philippines, Corp. Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Zone - Pulong Sta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

76.03Fil-Estate Ecocentrum CorporationSouthwoods Ecocentrum Tourism Estate, Halang, Biñan, Laguna

25.45Matayog Properties Real Estate Inc.

Prince Cabuyao Special Economic Zone - Banlic, Cabuyao, Laguna

65.63Starworld Corporation Calamba Premiere International Park - Batino, Parian & Barandal, Calamba, Laguna

63.71Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry & Science Park II - Real & La Mesa, Calamba, Laguna

69.06Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry & Science Park I - Diezmo, Cabuyao, Laguna

254Laguna Technopark, Inc. LTI - Alaminos - San Andres & San Juan, Alaminos, Laguna

50.63Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark IV -Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

96.39Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark III - Loma & Timbao, Biñan, Laguna

67.74Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark II -Binang, Biñan, Laguna

75.19Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark I - Biñan, Laguna

34.88Laguna International Industrial Park, Inc.

Laguna International Industrial Park - Ganado & Mamplasan, Biñan, Laguna

44.35Greenfield Industrial Center (Biñan) Inc.

Greenfield Industrial Center Ecozone - Bungahan and Mamplasan, Biñan, Laguna

15.94Balibago Land Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park (Expansion) - Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

50.01Balibago Land Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park - Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

51.07Calamba Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park - Punta & Burol- Bubuyan, Calamba, Laguna

40Carmelray Industrial Corporation Carmelray International Business Park - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna

143.03JTCI Corporation Carmelray Industrial Park II - Punta & Tulo, Calamba, Laguna

50.75Carmelray Industrial Corporation Carmelray Industrial Park I - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna

5.71Allegis Realty Holdings Corporation Allegis Information Technology Park - Barangay Tulo, Calamba, Laguna

L A G U N A


20.66YTMI Realty CorporationYTMI Realty Special Economic Zone - Brgy. Makiling, Calamba, Laguna

52.67Toyota Motors Philippines Corporation

Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Economic Zone II -Pulong Sta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

25Toyota Motors Philippines, Corp. Toyota Sta. Rosa (Laguna) Special Zone - Pulong Sta. Cruz, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

76.03Fil-Estate Ecocentrum CorporationSouthwoods Ecocentrum Tourism Estate, Halang, Biñan, Laguna

25.45Matayog Properties Real Estate Inc.

Prince Cabuyao Special Economic Zone - Banlic, Cabuyao, Laguna

65.63Starworld Corporation Calamba Premiere International Park - Batino, Parian & Barandal, Calamba, Laguna

63.71Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry & Science Park II - Real & La Mesa, Calamba, Laguna

69.06Science Park of the Phils., Inc. Light Industry & Science Park I - Diezmo, Cabuyao, Laguna

254Laguna Technopark, Inc. LTI - Alaminos - San Andres & San Juan, Alaminos, Laguna

50.63Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark IV -Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

96.39Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark III - Loma & Timbao, Biñan, Laguna

67.74Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark II -Binang, Biñan, Laguna

75.19Laguna Technopark, Inc. Laguna Technopark I - Biñan, Laguna

34.88Laguna International Industrial Park, Inc.

Laguna International Industrial Park - Ganado & Mamplasan, Biñan, Laguna

44.35Greenfield Industrial Center (Biñan) Inc.

Greenfield Industrial Center Ecozone - Bungahan and Mamplasan, Biñan, Laguna

15.94Balibago Land Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park (Expansion) - Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

50.01Balibago Land Corporation Greenfield Automotive Park - Don Jose, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

51.07Calamba Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park - Punta & Burol- Bubuyan, Calamba, Laguna

40Carmelray Industrial Corporation Carmelray International Business Park - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna

143.03JTCI Corporation Carmelray Industrial Park II - Punta & Tulo, Calamba, Laguna

50.75Carmelray Industrial Corporation Carmelray Industrial Park I - Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna

5.71Allegis Realty Holdings Corporation Allegis Information Technology Park - Barangay Tulo, Calamba, Laguna

L A G U N A



135135135135135

Includes Ecozones that are operating, proclaimed and development in progress) Note: (*)

Philippine Economic Zone AuthoritySOURCE:

26.6Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park Teresa - Dalig, Teresa, Rizal

326Provincial Government of RizalRizal Industrial Estate - San Andres & Cuyambay, Tanay, Rizal

26.68Prime East Properties, Inc. Eastbay Arts, Recreational and Tourism Zone - San Roque, Angono, Rizal and Darangan, Binangonan, RizalR

I Z A L

350Quezon International Devt. Corp.Quezon International Center - Mangalan & Quiling, Sariaya, Quezon

198MCS Tanunliong, Inc.Pagbilao Industrial & Science Park - Ibabang Polo, Pagbilao, QuezonQ

U E Z O N


Includes Ecozones that are operating, proclaimed and development in progress) Note: (*)

Philippine Economic Zone AuthoritySOURCE:

26.6Filinvest Land, Inc. Filinvest Technology Park Teresa - Dalig, Teresa, Rizal

326Provincial Government of RizalRizal Industrial Estate - San Andres & Cuyambay, Tanay, Rizal

26.68Prime East Properties, Inc. Eastbay Arts, Recreational and Tourism Zone - San Roque, Angono, Rizal and Darangan, Binangonan, RizalR

I Z A L

350Quezon International Devt. Corp.Quezon International Center - Mangalan & Quiling, Sariaya, Quezon

198MCS Tanunliong, Inc.Pagbilao Industrial & Science Park - Ibabang Polo, Pagbilao, QuezonQ

U E Z O N



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ozon

eIn

dust

ry

0No

n-fer

rous

meta

l 0

Non-f

erro

us m

etal

basic

indu

stries

0Iro

n & st

eel b

asic

indus

tries

0Po

ttery,

china

&

earth

enwa

re

0No

n-meta

llic m

inera

l pr

oduc

ts

925.6

0866

658

78.16

160

.921

62.52

6Pl

astic

prod

ucts

0Ru

bber

prod

ucts

247.6

6670

159.7

17.96

6Ind

ustria

l che

mica

ls

33.92

33.92

Pape

r & pa

per

prod

ucts

63.25

963

.259

Woo

d & w

ood

prod

ucts

44

Manu

factur

e of

lugga

ge, b

ags,

tannin

gs

15.59

715

.597

Leath

er &

leath

er

prod

ucts

83.98

683

.986

Wea

ring a

ppar

el

2222

Texti

les

0Fo

od

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zo

ne / P

ublic

Ec

ozon

eIn

dust

ry

0No

n-fer

rous

meta

l ba

sic in

dustr

ies

0Iro

n & st

eel b

asic

indus

tries

0Po

ttery,

china

&

earth

enwa

re

0No

n-meta

llic m

inera

l pr

oduc

ts

925.6

0866

658

78.16

160

.921

62.52

6Pl

astic

prod

ucts

0Ru

bber

prod

ucts

247.6

6670

159.7

17.96

6Ind

ustria

l che

mica

ls

33.92

33.92

Pape

r & pa

per

prod

ucts

63.25

963

.259

Woo

d & w

ood

prod

ucts

44

Manu

factur

e of

lugga

ge, b

ags,

tannin

gs

15.59

715

.597

Leath

er &

leath

er

prod

ucts

83.98

683

.986

Wea

ring a

ppar

el

2222

Texti

les

0Fo

od

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zo

ne / P

ublic

Ec

ozon

eIn

dust

ry

App

endi

x Ta

ble

No.

3Ec

ozon

eIn

vest

men

t by

Indu

stry

(In

Mill

ion

Peso

s)C

ALA

BA

RZO

N, 1

997

137137137137137

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.831

9.31,5

73.00

47.92

3Fa

brica

ted m

etal

prod

ucts

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zon

e /

Publi

c Eco

zone

Indu

stry

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.831

9.31,5

73.00

47.92

3Fa

brica

ted m

etal

prod

ucts

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zon

e /

Publi

c Eco

zone

Indu

stry

App

endi

x Ta

ble

No.

3Ec

ozon

eIn

vest

men

t by

Indu

stry

(In

Mill

ion

Peso

s)C

ALA

BA

RZO

N, 1

997

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.831

9.31,5

73.00

47.92

3Fa

brica

ted m

etal

prod

ucts

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zon

e /

Publi

c Eco

zone

Indu

stry

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.831

9.31,5

73.00

47.92

3Fa

brica

ted m

etal

prod

ucts

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zon

e /

Publi

c Eco

zone

Indu

stry

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.8

Lege

nd:

CE

PZ-

Cav

iteE

xpor

t Pro

cess

ngZo

ne; F

CIE

-Firs

t Cav

iteIn

d'l.

Est

ate;

GB

P-G

atew

ay B

usin

ess

Par

k; D

IP-D

aiic

hi In

d'l.

Par

k; L

IIP-L

agun

a In

t'l. I

nd'l.

Par

k; C

IP

-Car

mel

ray

Ind'

l. P

ark;

LTI

-La

guna

Tec

hnop

ark,

Inc.

; LTC

-Li

ma

Tech

nolo

gy C

ente

r; LI

SP

I &

II-L

ight

Indu

stry

& S

cien

ce P

ark;

FP

IP -

Firs

t Phi

l. In

d'l.

Par

k

SO

UR

CE

: PE

ZA

47,91

6.37

1,946

.0020

7.187

4,272

.884,4

99.50

22,03

4.03

4,020

.7694

0.42

60.92

19,0

26.90

402.1

2350

5.653

Total

1,318

.0420

7.187

178.7

1785

7.175

.04Ot

her m

anufa

cturin

g ind

ustrie

s

1515

Furn

iture

s& fix

tures

1,599

.481,5

78.45

21.03

1Tr

ansp

ort e

qpt.

401.5

0828

6.567

37.50

810

.5Op

tical

instru

ment

& ph

otogr

aphic

125.5

0166

.656

33.75

425

.091

Othe

r eqp

t. &

instru

ments

3,521

.441,9

46.00

248.5

4275

05.3

7645

0.039

48.4

73.08

1Ma

nufac

ture o

f se

mico

nduc

tor de

vices

37,48

2.29

3,665

.162,7

64.20

17,89

2.11

3,942

.6020

0.83

8,800

.2019

5.944

21.25

Elec

tronic

s/elec

trical

mach

inery

3.051

3.051

Mach

inery

exce

pt ele

ctrica

l

2,054

.0211

3.831

9.31,5

73.00

47.92

3Fa

brica

ted m

etal

prod

ucts

FPIP

LISP

IILI

SP I

LTC

LTI

CIP

LIIP

DIP

GBP

FCIE

CEPZ

Tota

lSp

ecial

Eco

zone

sRe

gular

Zon

e /

Publi

c Eco

zone

Indu

stry

App

endi

x Ta

ble

No.

3Ec

ozon

eIn

vest

men

t by

Indu

stry

(In

Mill

ion

Peso

s)C

ALA

BA

RZO

N, 1

997

regional physical framework plan 2004-2030 (volume 2 - physical and socio-economic profile and...

Documents