quick nursing student notes 2
DESCRIPTION
These quick facts are useful for RN and LVN students in the clinical settingTRANSCRIPT
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Normal Lab Values
LABSSodium 135-145 mEq/LPotassium 3.5-5.0 mEq/LChloride 95-105 mEq/LBicarb 22-30 mEq/LBUN 5-25 mg/dlCreatinine 0.5-1.5 mg/dlGlucose (fasting) 70-110 mg/dlHbA1c 4-6%Calcium 9.0-11 mg/dlPhosphorus 2.5-4.5 mg/dlMagnesium 1.8-3.0 mg/dlHematologyHct (men) 40.50%Hct (women) 36-46%Hgb (men) 13.-17.5 g/dlHgb(women) 12-16 g/dlMCV 80-100 um3MCH 26-34 pgMCHC 31-37 g/dlPlatelet Count 150-400 x 103/mm3
RBC (men) 4.6-6.0 x 106/mm3
RBC (women) 4.0-5.0 x 106/mm3
WBC 4.5-10.0 103/mm3
ARTERIAL BLOOD GASpH 7.35-7.45pCO2 35-45 mmHgpO2 70-100 mmHgHCO3 19-25 mmHg
Types of Insulin
Examples Onset of Action
Peak of Action
Duration of Action
Rapid Acting Humalog (lispro)Novolog (aspart)
15 min
15 min
30-90 min
3-5 hours
Short-acting (regular)
Humulin RNovolin R
30-60 min
50-120 min
5-8 hours
Intermediate acting(NPH)
Humulin NNovolin NHumulin LNovolin L
1-3 hours1-2.5 hours
8 hours
7-15 hours
20 hours
18-24 hours
Long-acting Lantus (glargine)
1 hour none 24 hours
Name Type Function Assessment
I. Olfactory Sensory Smell Ask clients to iden-tify different odors using one nostril at a time
II. Optic Sensory Vision and visual fields Use Snellen chart to check visual acuity; conduct an opthalmoscope examination
III. Occulomotor MotorParasym-pathetic
Extrinsic eye move-mentsPupillary constriction and visual focusing
Assess six cardinal ocular movementstest pupillary reac-tion to light; test convergence
IV. Trochlear Motor Downward and lateral eye movements
Assess six cardinal ocular movements
V. Trigeminal Sensory Facial sensation, masti-cation, anterior tongue and teeth
Test corneal reflexTest sensitivity to pain, touch, warm and cool tempera-turesAsk client to clench teeth and palpate muscles, h ave cli-ent bite down
VI. Abducens Motor Lateral eye movements Look left and right
VII. Facial MotorSensory
Facial expressionTaste in the anterior tongue
Smile, frown, puff cheeks, and close eyes; raise and lower eyebrows; check for symmetry
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
Sensory Hearing and equilibirum Administer hearing acuity tests, Weber and Rinne tests
IX. Glossopharyngeal MotorSensory
Swallowing ability and gag reflexTaste in the posterior tongue
Test gag reflex, test swallowing, confirm rise and fall of soft palate and midline uvula.Ask client to identify samples in back of tongue
X. Vagus MotorSensory
Sensation of external ear, pharynx, and lar-ynx; swallowing; vocal cord movement
Test gag reflex; as-sess clients speech
XI. Accessory Motor Head movement, shoulder shrugging
Push down on shoul-ders as client tries to shrug; ask client to turn head against resistance
XII. Hypoglossal Motor Protrusion of tongue, tongue movement
Have client protrude tongue and move it side to side
Cranial Nerves (CN)
Insulin
Intramuscular Subcutaneous Intradermal
90o 45o 15o
Injections
Na+ Cl- BUN
K+ CO2 CrGlucose
Hgb
Hct WBC Plt