project no...full fill cavity where as solid walls don’t require a wall tie. the purpose of wall...
TRANSCRIPT
Project No.2External Wall types and Openings
Group 7
Layers used:
Concrete Block
Clay Brick
Plasterboard
Render
Insulation
Wall tie
Timber
Concrete Block
Made from cast concrete usually made of sand and fine gravel. Size of standard concrete brick is 215x100x440mm.
Clay Brick
Made of clay bearing soil, sand and lime. Size of clay block is 65x102.5x215mm.
Plasterboard
Made from calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Render
Made from cement, sand and water.
Insulation
Made of Cellulose, fiberglass and wool.
Wall Tie
Made from metal.
Timber
Size 47x25mm
Wall Type 1-20th Century Partial
Fill Cavity Wall Construction:
Components
Concrete Block
Cavity
Insulation
Wall tie
Clay Brick
Plasterboard
Wall Type 1-20th Century Full
Fill Cavity Wall Construction:
Components
Concrete Block
Insulation
Wall tie
Plasterboard
Render
Wall Type 1-20th Century
Solid Wall Construction:
Components
Render
Insulation
Concrete block
Plasterboard
Timber
Insulation in walls
• 50mm cavity
• 50mm insulation
• 100mm insulation
• 0mm cavity • Solid wall
• Plaster (25mm)
• Timber battens
• Insulation
Blanket insulation
• Materials:
Fibreglass
Mineral wool
Plastic fibre
• Installation
Between studs, joints and
beams
Types of insulation
Loose-fill insulation
• Materials:
Cellulose
Fibreglass
Mineral wool
• Installation
Blown into place
Concrete block insulation
• Materials:
Foam board
• Installation
Stacked without mortar
and surface bonded
Foam board
insulation
• Materials:
Polystyrene
• Installation
Interior must be
covered with half
inch gypsum
board. Exterior
must be covered
with weatherproof
facing.https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/weatherize/insulation/types-insulation
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tutorcavityinsulation-
170404103330/95/tutor-cavity-insulation-ppt-4-16-
638.jpg?cb=1491302042 https://www.diydoctor.org.uk/project_images/insulating
walls/insulation-with-battens.jpg
https://www.insulationshop.co/image/ca
talog/product/URSA/URSA_Cavity_Batt
s_fullfill.png
Thermal conductivity:
100mm = 0.17W/m2K
50mm = 0.40W/m2K
Solid wall = 0.20W/m2K
https://www.uvalue-
calculator.co.uk/calc
ulator/walls/external
%20wall%20insulati
on%20(ewi)/solid%
20brick/102.5mm/1
0mm%20polymer%
20render/60/
Plasterboard
Plasterboard is made of gypsum and paper. The U value of plasterboard varies depending on which type it is but according to Gyproc the
standard 12.5mm plasterboard has a u value of 0.05 m^2K/W. With a vapour control membrane
The U value is only 0.04 m^2K/W.
There are many types of plasterboard such as Vapor control, Impact protection,
Moisture resistant, Acoustic, Fire resistant and Insulated. Additives are added in the
paper liner and core to make certain types like moisture resistant plasterboard for
example.
The standard thicknesses given by Gyproc for plasterboard are 9.5mm, 12.5mm
and 15mm. Also normally has a standard width of 1200mm to suit 600mm
spacing between studded walls.
The gypsum in plasterboard is generated from natural and synthetic sources
so plasterboard has a low level of embodied energy
Concrete Block
• Great strength - More in compression and less in tension.
• It is reinforced by vertical and horizontal steel bars.
• Must have vertical expansion joins – 6m centres for cone blockwork.
• Too strong – Increase risk of cracking.
• Too weak – Joints weather as they let in water.
• Thermal mass:
Absorb heat in hot conditions
Release back in fixing space
Acts as a house radiator
• Slow to build – Doesn’t tolerate extreme weather conditions
Water leads to the shrinking and expansion which causes depletes.
• High density – Made of cement
• Low density – Made of cement and fly ash
• Measurements – 440 x 215 x 100
• Absorb less water
• Class A1 – Fire resistance
• Excellent sound insulation
Plastered concrete block
https://t3.ftcdn.net/jpg/00/76/23/10/500_F_7
6231022_gserNvxLx0TpxYfcdPmYfi806P7n
n2pK.jpg
Rendered concrete block
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/be/00/fb/be00fb8ffbcb0cd33
9bea695de2bc242.jpg
Clay Brick
Clay bricks should have a thickness of 102.5 mm, be frost resistant.
Bricks are very water absorbent.
Standard bricks are tested by leaving them in cold water for 24 hours
The conductivity of a clay brick is 0.9 W/Mk
Standard dimensions of a clay brick
Wall tie
Over the years, wall ties have been
made from materials such as;
plastic, galvanised mild steel and
also stainless steel. Out of the three
of these, both plastic and galvanised
mild steel are obsolete.
The sizes of the wall ties vary
depending on each wall and the
type of wall tie needed. Partially
filled cavity walls require a
different type of wall tie than a
full fill cavity where as solid walls
don’t require a wall tie.
The purpose of wall ties is to join both the inner and
outer leaf of the wall together allowing them to act as a
unit. Wall ties also play a vital role in ensuring that the
building is stable.
This is why we don’t need wall ties in a solid wall as its
only one main component and we don’t need tie it
together
Reference page
https://www.gyproc.ie/sites/default/files/Section%202.1%20-%20Boards_0.pdf
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GCEU_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=l
XmUXZW6KNSDhbIP24qm4A8&q=plasterboard+types&oq=plasterboard+types&gs_l=img.3..0j0i24l4.13
8103.142203..142405...0.0..0.56.571.18......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0i67.LedIj-
KUiwQ&ved=0ahUKEwjV2O_hrP3kAhXUQUEAHVuFCfwQ4dUDCAc&uact=5#imgrc=ih6LvvLiIC3SbM:
https://www.insulationsuperstore.co.uk/browse/plasterboard.html
https://www.gyproc.ie/products-systems/products/gyproc-moisture-resistant
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=
cOOUXYKNNvXE8gLi-
LPQBw&q=how+plasterboard+made&oq=how+plasterboard+made&gs_l=img.3...13109.16902..17100...0
.0..0.46.697.21......0....1..gws-wiz-
img.......0j0i67j0i8i30j0i24.av43nH3LjtU&ved=0ahUKEwiCheXbkf7kAhV1olwKHWL8DHoQ4dUDCAc&uac
t=5#imgrc=kQLYDqRWBuDquM:
https://www.google.com/search?q=plasterboard&rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&source=lnms&tbm=isch&
sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjqicbro_7kAhUhpnEKHY90BsQQ_AUIEigB&biw=1440&bih=789#imgrc=rymLEqGs
Ew-XmM:
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=
c_aUXY6zL9eG1fAPl86aUA&q=standard+brick+dimensions&oq=standard+brick+dimensions&gs_l=img.
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5Wup4NCJU1POUM:
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https://gharpedia.com/blog/cavity-wall-advantages-and-disadvantages/
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https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1PRFI_enIE857IE858&biw=1536&bih=754&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=KbKUXeSRHcPD8gKTqoyYCA&q=20th+centu
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