Preview Lesson 4

Present Active Indicative

Present Active Indicative

Stem + Personal endings:

Note: Infinitive is not an indicative form but is given here for convenience.

Sing. Pl.

1st &w &omen

2nd &eij &ete

3rd &ei &ousi

Pres. Act. Infinitive &ein

Present Active Indicative (and Inf.) of le,gw

Put down stem 7 times.

Sing. Pl.

1st leg leg

2nd leg leg

3rd leg leg

Pres. Act. Infinitive: leg

Add “recessive” accent.

Sing. Pl.

1st le,gw le,gomen

2nd le,geij le,gete

3rd le,gei le,gousi

Pres. Act. Infinitive: le,gein

Add personal endings.

Sing. Pl.

1st legw legomen

2nd legeij legete

3rd legei legousi

Pres. Act. Infinitive: legein

Meaning of Present Tense

English translation of present active of le,gw

Sing. Pl.

1st I say/am saying We say/are saying

2nd You say/are saying You say/are saying

3rd He/she/it says/is saying They say/are saying

Present Active Infinitive: to say

1. Present tense denotes durative/linear action – action that is on-going or in progress.

2. In the indicative, present tense suggests durative action in present time.

3. Translate as present progressive (-ing) or simple present.

Pres. Act. Ind.

Sing. Pl.

1st le,gw

le,gomen

2nd le,geij

le,gete

3rd le,gei

le,gousi

Pres. Act. Inf.: le,gein

Present Active Indicative (and Inf.) of ble,pw

Put down stem 7 times.

Sing. Pl.

1st blep blep

2nd blep blep

3rd blep blep

Pres. Act. Infinitive: blep

Add “recessive” accent.

Sing. Pl.

1st ble,pw ble,pomen

2nd ble,peij ble,pete

3rd ble,pei ble,pousi

Pres. Act. Infinitive: ble,pein

Add personal endings.

Sing. Pl.

1st blepw blepomen

2nd blepeij blepete

3rd blepei blepousi

Pres. Act. Infinitive: blepeinWrite English translation.

Sing. Pl.

1st I see/am seeing We see/are seeing

2nd You see/are seeing

You see/are seeing

3rd He/she/it sees/is seeing

They see/are seeing

Pres. Act. Infinitive: to see

“Locating” Verbs (“Parsing”)

Tense, voice, mood, person, number > dict. form

(For infinitives: Tense, voice, “infinitive” > dict. form)

le,gousi = present active indicative 3rd person plural > le,gw

(pres. act. ind. 3rd pl. > le,gw)

ble,pein = present active infinitive > ble,pw(pres. act. inf. > ble,pw)

Do NOT use the one-letter abbreviations given in # 15!

Miscellanea1. The o or e that appears between the stem and the

personal endings is called the thematic vowel (# 16).2. It is often designated o/e.3. The endings given in # 19 (and on the handout) are the

resultant endings from combining the thematic vowel with the primitive form of the personal endings.

4. # 17 shows the primitive personal endings for the active voice, primary tenses. (Don’t try to learn these now, but keep them in the back of your mind.)

5. #18 shows how the primitive endings were combined with the thematic vowel to produce the resultant endings. (Don’t try to learn this.)

6. Do learn the resultant endings as given in # 19 and on the handout.

Homework

1. Do the conjugation practice worksheet.

2. Exercises # 21 A: Copy each Greek word; give its “location” (parsing); translate it.

3. Exercises # 21 B: Translate each sentence into Greek.