PREPARED

BY:

CRISTHINA

ELAVARASI

IZZAH

GAUSALYA

contents

Two types of blood

circulatory system

Basic anatom

y of human heart

Describe blood flow to

the heart

Disease in blood circulatory

• Heart

• Blood vessels

• BloodCOMPOSED OF:

• Supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and to remove wastes from tissues.

• Human circulatory system is double circulatory system.

Function

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

The pulmonary circulatory system carries poorly oxygenated and waste-containing blood from the right ventricle (the lower right chamber) of the heart to the lungs.

where the waste products are filtered into the lungs to be exhaled, and oxygen is filtered from the lungs into the blood, to be carried back, oxygen-rich by the pulmonary circulatory system to the left atrium.

The left atrium is the upper left chamber of the heart. It passes the oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary circulatory system through the pulmonary artery to the systemic circulatory system through the left ventricle.

PULMANORY CIRCULATION

The blood is then passed back to the pulmonary circulatory system where the cycle begins again

The veins of the systemic circulatory system carry deoxygenated blood and blood containing waste

products away from the cells and tissues back to the right atrium (the upper right chamber of the heart) where the

blood is pumped into the right ventricle.

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta, and from there the systemic circulatory system

carries this oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body via the arteries and capillaries into tissues and cells.

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

IMAGE OF PULMANORY AND SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

BASIC ANATOMY OF THE HEART

LOCATION

• heart is located between your lungs in the middle of your chest

• behind and slightly to the left of your breastbone (sternum).

WEIGHT/SIZE

• The heart weighs between 7 and 15 ounces (200 to 425 grams).

• Cone shaped.

• Man’s fist

• The average adult heart is 14cm long and 9cm wide.

HEART WALL

• Epicardium –covers the outer surface of the heart.

• Myocardium –contains cardiac muscle tissues

• Endocardium-inner surface of the heart

Two upper chambers Right atrium Left atrium

ATRIUM have THINNER compared to theventricles.Because it just to pump blood to the ventricles.

Two lower chambers Right ventricles Left ventricles

LEFT VENTRICLES has a much THICKER WALL than the right ventricles.Because right ventricles only pumps blood to the lung but The left ventricle has to pump blood to the rest of the body.

VALVES –Prevent backflow of blood

Tricuspid valve

Bicuspid valve

Semilunary valve (Aortic and Systemic)

Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium through superior and inferior vena cava.

Right atrium contract and open tricuspid valve to enter right ventricle.

From right ventricle, the blood goes through semilunar valve and enters pulmanory artery and be send to lung.

CO2 diffuses out, O2 diffuse in - diffusion.

After exchange of gases occurred, the blood carried back to heart through pulmanory vein then to the left atrium.

Left atrium contract and opens bicuspid valve to enter left ventricle.

From left ventricle oxygenated blood will flow through semilunar valve and send to ascending aorta and descending aorta to all parts of body.

EXAMPLES OF DISEASE

ArrhythmiaThe major symptom of cardiac arrhythmia is irregular heart rhythm, in which the heart beats abnormally, either at a slower rate or faster rate.

AnginaAngina, characterized by severe and recurrent chest discomfort and pain, is caused due to lack of blood supply and or oxygen supply in the muscles of the heart.

AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis is a blood circulation problem, resulting from accumulation of fatty deposits in the walls of the blood vessels, especially arteries.

Hypertension/high blood pressuresystolic pressure more than 140mm hg and diastolic pressure more than 90mm hg.

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