power sector overview final

8/7/2019 POWER SECTOR OVERVIEW FINAL

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OVERVIEW

OF

INDIAN POWER SECTOR

BY:-HIMANSHU VERMA(29)ABHISHEK KUMAR(02)

AMIT ANTIL(05)


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CONTENT

1. Electricity in consititution of india

2. Present senario of indian power sector

3. 10 th plan overview

4. 11 th plan

5. 12 th plan

6. Current news of power sector


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ELECTRICITY IN CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

Entry 38 the list III containsELECTRICITY .

There by it is thejoint responsibilityOf union as well asthe state government tolegislate on the matterConcerning electricity andalliedmatters of power industry .


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However by virtue of part XI of the constitution in caseof overlapping of the law enacted by state and unionlegislature the union legislation shall prevail.

The state law shall be inoperative only to the extentof inconsistency with the union law


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PRESENT POWER SCENARIO OF INDIAN POWERSECTOR

Total Installed capacity

SECTOR MW %AGE

STATE SECTOR 82,026.05 52.5

CENTRAL SECTOR 51,867.63 34.0

PRIVATE SECTOR 33,183.68 13.5

TOTAL 1,67,077.36

As on 30-11-2010Source:CEA


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52.534

13.5

GENERATION

STATE SECTOR

CENTRAL SECTOR

PRIVATE SECTOR


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FU EL MW %AGE

THERMAL 108362.98 64.6

coal 89,778.38 53.3

gas 17,384.85 10.5

oil 1,199.75 0.9

HYDRO(RENEWABLE) 37,367.40 24.7

NUCLEAR 4560 2.9

RES** (MNRE) 16786.98 7.7TOTAL 167077.36


** Renewable Energy Sources(RES) include SHP, BG, BP, U&I and Wind EnergySHP= Small Hydro Project ,BG= Biomass Gasifier ,BP= Biomass Power,

U & I=Urban & Industrial Waste Power. As on 30-11-2010Source:CEA


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THERMAL, 64.6

HYDRO, 24.7

NUCLEAR, 3

RES**(MNRE), 7.7




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10 th PLAN REVIEW

DEMAND PROJECTION

AND

GENERATION PLANNING


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During the 10 th plan by planning commission the targetwas the addition of another 41,110 MW to power industry.

And,41,110 MW comprising of :-

14,393 MW hydro

25,417 MW thermal

1,300 MW nuclear was fixed for the 10 th Plan


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TOTAL41,110MW

HYDRO14,393MW

THERMAL25,417MW

NUCLEAR1300MW

TARGET DURING THE 10TH PLAN


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The sector wise, type wise summary of this capacity addition

target is given in Table below.

SECTOR HYDRO THERMAL NU CLEAR TOTAL(%)

CENTRAL 8,742MW 12,790MW 1,300MW 22,832MW(55.5%)

STATE 4,481MW 6,676MW 0MW 11,157MW(27.2%)

PRIVATE 1,170MW 5,951MW 0MW 7,121MW(17.3%)

TOTAL 14,393MW 25,417MW 1,300MW 41,110MW(100%)


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ACTUAL CAPACITY ADDITION TILL(31/12/2006)

A capacity addition of 17,995 MW has been achieved during10th Plan till 31/12/06.

The total installed capacity as on 31/12/2006 was 1,27,753 MWComprising of:-

33,642 MW hydro

84,020 MW thermal including gas & diesel ,

3,900 MW nuclear power plants

And 6,191 MW from renewable energy sources including wind.


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ACTUAL POWER SUPPLY POSITION DURING 10TH PLAN

The year-wise actual power supply position during 2002-03,2003-04, 2004-05 ,2005-06 and 2006-07(till Dec-06) of 10thplan is given in Table below

YEAR PEAK

REQ U IREMENT(MW)

AVAILABILIY(MW)

SHORTAGE(MW)

2002-2003 81492 71547 9945 (12.2%)

2003-2004 84574 75066 9508 (11.2%)2004-2005 87906 77652 10254 (11.7%)

2005-2006 93255 81792 11463 (12.3%)

2006-2007(TILL 31/12/2007)

100466 86425 14041 (14.0%)


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9945

9508

10254

11463

14041

SHORTAGE DU RING 10TH PLAN

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07


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REASONS OF SLIPPAGE

S.NO MAJOR REASONS O F SLIPPAGE CAPACITYSLIPPED(MW)

THERMAL HYDRO1. Delay in super critical technology tie up by

BHEL3,960 -

2. Geological Surprises - 510

3. Natural Calamities - 450

4. Delay in award of works 998 823

5. Delay in MoE&F clearance 400

6. Investment decision/ Funds tie upconstraints/ delay in financial closure

1500 1400

7. Delay in Preparation of DPR & signing of MOU with state govt.

400

8. ESCROW cover (Private Sector) 500

9. R&R issues 400

10. Court Cases 675

11. Law & Order problem 500

Total 7458 5058


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11 th PLAN

CAPACITY ADDITION

DURING

11 TH PLAN(2007-2012)


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APPROACH TO SELECTION OF PROJECTS FOR 11TH PLAN

Planning for capacity addition during 11th Plan, cautiousapproach have been adopted while choosing projects forcommissioning in the 11thplan .

It has been the endeavour to include only such projects as havehigh degree of certainty of implementation during 11 th Plan.

The approach adopted for selection of Hydro, Thermal andNuclear projects have been as follows:


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HYDRO

execution of hydro projects requires thorough Survey andInvestigation, preparation of DPR, development of infrastructure, EIA and other preparatory works, which are time

consuming and require two to three years for their preparation

It would take about 5 years to execute a hydro projectafter the work is awarded for construction.

Thus in order to achieve completion of a hydro project during 11 th

plan, the project should either be already under constructionor execution should start at the beginning of the plan .


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The broad criteria adopted for selection of hydro projects for 11 th

plan are as under :

Those hydro projects whose concurrence has been issued by CEA andorder for main civil works is likely to be placed by March 2007.

Apart from the above, a few hydro projects of smaller capacity whichare ROR type having surface power houses and where gestation periodis expected to be less than 5 years have also been included.These projects would need to be rigorously followed up for completion

during the 11 th Plan.

Keeping in view the preparedness of various hydro projects, acapacity addition of 15, 585 MW is envisaged for 11 th Plan.


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NUCLEAR

Keeping in view the availability of fuel, a moderate capacityaddition of 3,160 MW nuclear plants has been programmedduring the 11 th Plan by the Nuclear Power Corporation.

RENEWABLE

A capacity of 13,500 MW has been planned under renewable asper information given by MNRE.


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CAPACITY ADDITION DURING 11TH

PLAN (2007-12)

Based on the preparedness of the projects, it was envisagedthat a capacity of about 68,869 MW is feasible for additionduring 11 th plan period. The sector wise break-up of feasiblecapacity addition during 11 th plan is given in Table below :

SECTOR HYDRO

TOTALTHERMAL

THERMAL BREAKU P NU CLEAR TOTAL(%)

COAL LIGNITE GAS/LNG

CENTRAL 9685 23810 22060 1000 750 3160 36655(53.2%)

STATE 2637 20352 19365 375 612 - 22989(33.4%)

PRIVATE 3263 5962 5210 0 752 - 9225(13.4%)

ALLINDIA

15885 50124 46635 1375 2114 3160 68869(100%)


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53.233.4

13.4

GENERATION

E T L

ST TE

P IV TE


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FUEL REQUIREMENT

FU EL REQ U IREMENT

Coal 545 MT

Lignite 33 MT

Gas/LNG 89 MMSCMD

From domestic sources, total coal availability is expected to be 482 MTper annum by 2011-12.

. At present, the availability of gas is of the order of 40 MMSCMDand therefore not sufficient to meet the requirement of even existingplants.


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COAL LINKAGES

The Linkages of coal demand is primarily donewith the objective of planning of coal supplies,keeping in view indigenous coal resources aswell as the need to supply fuel of appropriatequality to the consumers and at the same time

making the most economic use of theavailable capacity for production and of coal.


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LONG-TERM COAL LINKAGES

During the year 2008-09, three meetings of Standing Linkage Committee (Long-term) wereheld. The Committee recommended issue of Letter of Assurance (LoA) by CIL/SCCL tovarious consumers, subject to furnishing of appropriate commitment guarantees.-

NAME OF SECTOR NO. OF LOA APPROVED CAPABILITY APPROVED

POWER UTILITIES 8 4460 MW

CAPTIVE POWER PLANTSINCLUDING CEMENT CPP S

28 944 MW

INDEPENDENT POWERPRODUCER 35 24915 MW

TOTAL 71 30319 MW


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BALANCE OF PLANTS.Balance of Plants were identified as critical items for timely commissioning of Thermal Power Projects

It was observed that a number of Thermal units weregetting delayed due to delay in commissioning of balance of plants such as coal handling plants, Ashhandling plants, cooling tower etc.


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BALANCE OF PLANTS

The requirement of BoPs in 11th Plan is

about 80 chimneys, 80 Fuel Oilsystems, 80 Coal Handling Systems, 80Ash Handling Systems, 160 CoolingTowers, and 70 DM Plants.


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MANUFACTURING

CAPABILITIESThe established capacity for manufacturers of various kinds of Boilers, Turbines and MainEquipment is around 6000-7000 MW per annum inthe country, which is largely dominated by the CPSUGiant, BHEL CO.

Now many private players are entering in this fieldseeing the fast growth of this sector. Some of theseprivate players are Alstom, ABB, GE, L&T and someChinese companies (China Light & Power etc.).


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ULTRA MEGA POWER PLANT

Ministry of Power in the year 2006 has launched an initiative of development of coal based ultra mega projects with a capacityof 4,000 MW each on tariff based competitive bidding.

Ultra Mega Power projects are either pit head based projectshaving captive mine block or coastal projects based on imported

coal.


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UMPP

UMPP S AWARDED

SASAN (MP)TILAIYYA ( JHARKHAND)KRISHNAPATNAM (ANDHRA PRADESH)MUNDRA (GUJRAT)

According to the bids submitted by these developers only one unitof 660 MW is expected to be commissioned during the 11 th Planand the remaining unit during 12 th Plan.


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11 TH PLAN TRANSMISSION PLANNING INCLUDING NATIONAL GRID


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TRANSMISSION PLANNING INCLUDING NATIONAL GRID

The generation resources in the country are unevenly located,the hydro in the northern and north-eastern states and coalbeing mainly in the eastern part of the country.

Formation of a strong National Power Grid has been recognized

as a flagship endeavour to steer the development of PowerSystem on planned path leading to cost effective fulfilment of the objective of Electricity to All at affordable prices.


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The program is to achieve inter-regional capacity of 15750 MWby the end of 10 th Plan and about 37,150 MW by the end of 11 th Plan.

Transmission systems within the regions to support the aboveinter-regional transmission capacity has been also planned.

The plan for National Power Grid and the schemes havebeen identified.


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FUND REQUIREMENT FOR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

Total Fund requirement for transmission system developmentand related Schemes has been estimated as following:

Rs CRORES

INTER STATE SYSTEM 75000

INTRA STATE SYSTEM 65000

TOTAL 140000


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TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

New technologies would need to be adopted and implementedin a proactive manner to achieve the objective of optimumutilization of the available transmission assets as well asconservation of Right-of-Way, reducing transmission costs,reduction of losses etc.

Some of the new technologies adopted/being adopted in

its transmission system include :

High capacity 6000MW +800kV HVDC system


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Application of Series Compensation

Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS )

Upgradation/Uprating of transmission line

High temperature endurance conductor

Tall/Multi-circuit & Compact tower


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HVDCHIGH VOLTAGE DC TRANSMISSION

A high-voltage , d irect current (HVDC) electric powertransmission system uses direct current for the bulktransmission of electrical power.

HVDC systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electricallosses. For shorter distances, the higher cost of DC conversion

equipment compared to an AC system

HVDC, are used generally for long and bulk power transmissionabove 800km.


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HVDC LINES IN INDIA

At present the 3 lines are in operation while, another 3 areunder progress.And these are following

1)Chandrapur to padghe (mumbai)--(1500 MW at 500 kV DC)

2)Rihand to delhi (dadri) (1500 MW at 500 kV DC)

3)Talchar to kolar (2500 MW)


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HVDC LINES WHICH ARE UNDER PROGESS

The following are the lines which are under progress:-

Ballia to Bhiwadi(2500 MW)-first pole charged as of 31stMarch 2010

Mundra-Mohindergarh(Adani group-first Indian private

HVDC)-in progress,completion by 2011 end.

Bishwanath/Chariali to Agra(6000 MW)-recently awarded toABB-BHEL


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ADVANTAGE OF HVDC LINES

Lesser number of conductors and insulators and thereforereduce conductor and insulator cost

Power transmission and stabilization between unsynchronisedAC distribution systems

Less corona loss and reduced radio and telephonic interference.

Power loss are also reduced with DC as there are two conductorfor a biploar HVDC line


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DISTRIBUTION INCLUDING VILLAGE AND HOUSEHOLDELECTRIFICATION IN 10TH PLAN

In the 10th plan the emphasis was on steps to reduce the hugeaggregate technical and commercial (AT&C)losses, control the

theft & pilferage and rationalise the tariff structures.

Investment was also made in the distribution sector and acrossthe states reforms were taken up. Major schemes likeAccelerate d Power Development & Reform Program for urba

areas and the Rajiv Gan dhi Grameen Vidy utikaran Yojana wasalso initiated in the 10th plan which aimed at bringing ininvestment in urban areas and creating an electricityinfrastructure in rural areas.


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DISTRIBUTION INCLUDING VILLAGE AND HOUSEHOLDELECTRIFICATION IN 11TH PLAN

During the 11 th plan also the major objective in the distributionis also to reduce the AT&C losses and to continue with the

reforms in the distribution sector to provide an affordablegood quality and reliable power supply to the citizen of India,be it in urban or rural areas.

The distribution of power can be studied in two distinct

components viz. ,(i) Distribution of power in urban areas, and

(ii) Distribution of power in rural areas.


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DISRTIBUTION OF POWER IN URBAN AREAS

It is felt that APDRP needs to be continued in 11th plan withrevised terms and conditions.

The focus of the programme should be on establishment of base line data, which shall enable reduction of AT&C losses inmajor towns of the country through strengthening ,upgradationof sub-transmission and distribution network and adoption of

Information Technology in the areas of energy accounting &auditing and improvement in consumer services throughestablishment of Bijlee Sewa Kendras.


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SUMMARY OF 12TH PLAN

The upcoming plan by planning commission is 12 th plan that willHave the Implementation period from 2012 to 2017.

The capacity addition during this plan will be 1,00,000 MW

Private Sector is going to be the key to India s Power GenerationStory in 12th plan. There will be more projects coming upin private sector than in central and state sectorscombined together.


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Out of 1,00,000MW capacity in 12 th plan,60% of which is

excepted to add by private players .


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REQUIREMENT OF

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

FOR 12TH PLAN

Expecte d Tran smi ss ion Requirement 2012 -17

xpec e ran sm ss on equ remen n a


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p q

+/-800 kV HVDC Bipole Projects, 6000MW 2 to 3

+/-600 kV HVDC Bipole Projects, 4000MW 1

HVDC Bipole +/-800 kV ckm 4000

HVDC Bipole +/-600 kV ckm 1000

765/400 kV substation nos 40 to 50

765 kV Transmission Lines ckm 25,000 to 30,000

765/400 kV MVA 1,10,000

400 kV Transmission Line ckm ( 40% quad, 60% TM) 50,000

400/220 kV , 400/132 kV (MVA) 80,000

220 kV Transmission Line ckm 40,000

220/132, 220/110 95,000


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SOME IMPORTANT CURRENT AFFAIRS

XIth Plan power addition target may be revised downward again

Law and order issues, technical glitches and equipment supplydelays may force the government to scale down the powergeneration capacity addition target for the XIth Five-Year Planonce again to 55,000 MW from 62,000 MW earlier.

"As far as main plant equipment (boilers, turbines andgenerators) is concerned... there is no problem, but for thebalance of plant equipment, i.e for coal-handling, ash-handlingplants, they take time .


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At the start of the XIth Five-Year Plan Period (2007-12), thegovernment had set a target for adding 78,577 MW of power.However, this was later revised downward to 62,000 MW bythe Planning Commission

so far only been able to add over 23,000 MW of electricityduring the XIth Plan

Thermax to set up 1st-ever geothermal power plant inMaharashtra

Energy and environment solutions provider, Thermax, hasbagged the contract for setting up the first-ever geothermalpower plant in the country in Maharashtra, a state governmentofficial said. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) betweenthe Maharashtra Energy Development Authority (MEDA) andThermax is likely to be signed shortly in this regard


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THANKYOU

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