power sector overview india

7/28/2019 Power Sector Overview india

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INDIAN POWER SECTOR

OVERVIEW


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Power : The Building Block of Economy Electricity- the most imp. Infrastructural

input in the dev. & growth of economy.

Consumption of electricity- imp. Index of

advancement of the country & standard ofliving.

Economic growth rate of 8-9% on a

sustained basis is necessary for us tocatch up with the rest of the world.


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220 kVPower Plant

Generation

Residential

Customer

Commercial/Industrial

Customer

ResidentialCustomer

DistributionPole

UrbanCustomers

Primary Distribution

66 kVTransmission

Distribution Transformer(11/0.415 kV)

Secondary Grid(66/11 kV)

Primary Grid(220/66 kV)

Secondary Distribution

Underground Cable

To Other

66KvSubstations

POWER SYSTEM COMPONENTSPrimary Transmission(132/220/400/765KV)

Secondary Transmission(66/132KV)

CBXmer(11/220kV)Sending end SS Bus-bar

Bus-bar Steel Tower

CB

Dhuvaran

Karamsad

V V Nagar

GCET


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Generation :: HeartRLDC::Brain

Sub-Transmission :: Sub-Arteries

Transmission :: Main Arteries

Distribution :: Capillaries

An Analogy Power System vs Human BodyAn AnalogyAn Analogy Power SystemPower Systemvsvs Human BodyHuman Body

USER


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Human BodyHuman Body Power SystemPower System

Blood PressureBlood Pressure VoltageVoltage

Heart BeatHeart Beat FrequencyFrequency

The PulseThe Pulse 72 Beats/Minutes72 Beats/Minutes 50 Cycles/Seconds50 Cycles/Seconds

CauseCause Stress/AnxietyStress/Anxiety LoadLoad--Gen.Gen.--MismatchMismatchRiskRisk Heart Beat DeviationHeart Beat Deviation Frequency DeviationFrequency Deviation

The GenerationThe Generationhe Generation


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GENERATION

Thermal Power Plant

Hydro Power Plant

Nuclear Power Plant

Diesel Power Plant

Gas Power Plant

Combine Cycle plant

Solar

Tidal

Wind

Geothermal

Bio-mass

Fuel cells


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INSTALLED CAPACITY OF INDIA AS ON 01.07.2011

NR, 47489,

27%

WR, 54512,

31%

SR, 50849,

28%

ER, 23972,

13%

NER, 2329,

1%

Installed Capacity of India

NR WR SR ER NER

Installed Capacity : 1,79,151 MW


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4780

3%

1862611% 38387

22%

114448

64%

Hydro

Thermal

NuclearWind & Others

Source wise composition of

installed capacity in India(1,79,151 in 2011) AS on 01-07-11


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ALL INDIA GENERATION COMPOSITION

26.3, (3%)

664.9, (83%)

114.3, (14%)

ThermalHydro

Nuclear

Total Market Size = 805.5 BU

Total Installed Capacity 1,79,151 MW


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Sector wise consumption ofelectricity in India

22%

29%

5%35%

6%

3%

Industry

Domestic

Railways

Agriculture

Commercial

Others

Total Installed Capacity 1,79,151 MW


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ALL INDIA MARKET COMPOSITION

26.3, (3%)

664.9, (83%)

114.3, (14%)

ThermalHydro

Nuclear

(1,79,151 in 2011) AS on 01-07-11


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PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION COMPARED

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Canada

Sweden

UnitedStates

UnitedArabEmirates

Australia

NewZea

land

Taiwan

Japan

Switzer

land

Singa

pore

France

Germ

any

Israel

UnitedKing

dom

SaudiArabia

Korea,Rep

RussianFederation

Italy

Greece

SouthA

frica

U.S.S.R.(for

mer)

Mala

ysia

B

razil

Iran,Islamic

Rep

Thailand

Tu

rkey

Iraq

Nam

ibia

E

gypt

C

hina

Zimba

bwe

Korea,DemPeople's

Rep

India

Indon

esia

Pakistan

Viet

Nam

SriLanka

PERCAPITACONSUMPTIO

NINKWh


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Source:

Powerline(Siemens Ad),

Oct-2006

HYDRORESOURCES

COALBELT

MUMBAI

DELHI

CHENNAIBANGALORE

KOLKATTA

RESOURCES

ARE FAR AWAY

FROM LOAD

CENTERS.

NECESSITATES

LONG

TRANSMISSION

LINKS FOR

EVACUATION

AREAS SHOWN ARE

APPROXIMATE AND INDICATIVE


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TRANSMISSI

ONVOLTAGE

OWNERSHIP TOTAL

CENTRAL STATE JV/Pvt.

Circuit Kilometer+ 500 kV

HVDC5,948 1,504 1,472 8,924

765 kV 4,014 409 0 4,423400 kV 69,836 30,252 4,710 1,04,798

220 kV 10,374 1,22,990 423 1,33,787

Total 90,172 1,55,155 6,605 2,51,932

EHV Infrastructure


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Renewable Energy : Wind Power

Total Renewable

Energy Sources ~ 19 GW

Wind Installed

Capacity ~ 11 GW

Estimated Wind

Potential ~ 45 GW

India: 5th Largest Wind

Power Producer


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Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 6.4 m/sWind Speed: 7.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s

Wind Speed: 8.0m/s

Renewable Energy : Wind Power


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Map showing the solar radiatio

across India


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SolSolar Powe Solar Power

Potential r PotentialarSolar Power Potential

Power Potential

If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the5,000 trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or,simply, sunlight) it receives a year into energy, thecountry will have enough to meet its energy needs.

In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is

experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annualglobal radiation varies from 1600 to 2200kWh/sq.m. The equivalent energy potential isabout 6,000 million GWh of energy per year.

The highest annual global radiation is received inRajasthan and northern Gujarat.

Solar Power Potential


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Thermal, Nuclear and Hydro Installed capacity of power plants in India

till 01st July, 2011 was around 175 GW ofwhich

Thermal contribution is about 65%

Nuclear provides 2.8% of electricity generated Hydro contribution is about 21.6%

(Exploitable potential 60% at 84000 MW)

Renewables 10.6%


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Indias Energy Needs 6% increase in GDP would contribute to 9%

increase in energy demand

Energy intensity is energy consumption perunit of GDP

High energy intensity points to energywastages in economy which can be minimisedthrough efficient use of energy

Indias energy intensity is 3.7 times of Japan,

1.55 times of USA, 1.47 times of Asia and 1.5times the world average

Ratio for developed countries < 1


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Electricity Demand Projections

Year Total Electricity Required( Billion kWhr)

Installed Capacity (MW)

GDP Growth Rate7% 8% 7% 8%

2011-121031 1097 206757 219992

2016-17 1377 1524 276143 305623

2021-22 1838 2118 368592 424744

2026-27 2397 2866 480694 574748

2031-32 3127 3880 627088 778095

Source: Energy Policy Report, Planning Commission, India


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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1950195519601965197019751980198519901995200020052010

InstalledGenerationCapacity

(GW)

Growth of Indias Power Sectorserious growth after the 60s


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Growth of the Indian Power

Sector:INSTALLED CAPACITY

INSTALLED CAPACITY went up from1.36 GWin 1947 to more than 179 GW as of 01.07.11;

Or a targeted 9.5% growth in the power sector, acapacity addition of 78,577 MW has been

proposed for the 11th

Plan


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Operation performance of power stations- salient features

Gross annual generationcrossed 800 BU (811 BU)

Gross monthly generationfigure has crossed 75 BU mark

(75.5 in Mar11)

Gross daily generationfigure has crossed 2.5 BU mark(2.508 on 18th Mar11)

Nuclear generationachieved a remarkable growth rate of41.04%due to improved availability of nuclear fuel

Generation from hydro based plants improved with agrowth rate of 10.01%due to revival of good monsoonafter 2 successive yrs of deficit rainfall conditions.


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Operation performance of power stations- salient features

Thermal generation achieved a growth rate of 3.81%. Coal basedgeneration achieved a growth rate of 3.99%.

Average PLFof the thermal based plants was 75.1%as compared to

77.68% in 2009-10.

53 stationswith an aggregate installed capacity of 53827.5 MWachieved PLF of national average

19 thermal stationswith an aggregate installed capacity of 21995 MWoperated above 90% PLF.

Operational availabilityof thermal stations marginally reduced to84.24% from 85.10 %during the previous yr. Growth rate in respectof liquid fuel based GTs, multi fuel stations as well as DG sets had anegative growth rate.


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Reasons for low PLF compared to last year

Increased forced outagesof plants

Unscheduled/extended plant maintenanceof somethermal units

Forced shut down/ backing downdue to raw waterproblems, coal shortages and receipt of poor qualitycoal

Receipt of lower schedulefrom beneficiary states.

Pl L d F


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Plant Load Factor

1 per cent increase in PLF effectively means

capacity addition of approx 1000 MW (requiringnearly Rs.4000 Cr.)

Increasing the PLF of SEB plants would reduce thecost of supply and benefit the SEBs.


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37

Indian Power Sector Long Term Trends

India is 3rd

largest economy1 Potentially 3rd largest electricity market

globally By 20302

Estimated to be the fastest growing economy In the world by 20122

(US$mm)

13.2

10.1

2.6 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7

4.14.25

0

5

10

15

US

China

India

Japan

Germany

UK

France

Italy

Brazil

Russia

(KWH bn)

5,6195,971

1,151776 871

1,6411,730

0

4,000

8,000

US

China

India

Russia

Japan

Canada

Brazil

0

5

10

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

G

DPGrowth%

Brazil China India Russia Germany

Source: (1) World Bank; (2) International Energy Outlook 2006; (3) Report of Working Group on Power for Eleventh Plan (2007-12)

591 6

32 6

80

548 5

79 6

20

546

559

519

498

8.8%

8.8%8.4%

7.3%7.1%

300

400

500

600

700

800

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

(MU)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

Energy Requirement (Normative) Energy Availability (Normative

Shortage (%)

Indian Power Sector characterized by huge energy shortages(3)


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MAJOR REASONS FOR POWER

SECTOR ILLSInadequate power generation capacity;

Lack of optimum utilization of the existinggeneration capacity;

Inefficient use of electricity by the end

consumer;Inadequate inter-regional transmission links;

Huge T&D losses (theft) and skewed tariff

structure, making SEBs unviable.


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Optimum utilization of the existing

generation capacity through R&M

Old SEB units performing at low efficiency dueto lack of R&M / poor maintenance. States

unable to undertake R&M because of fundsconstraints.

R&M is a cost effective (Rs 1 Cr/MW for thermal

and Rs 60-70 Lakh/MW for hydro) and quickreturn option for increasing generation (newcapacity @ Rs 4-5 Cr/MW).

170 thermal (11,000 MW) and 35 hydel (3,000

MW) units identified for R&M by CEA. 90 BU (20% of current annual generation)

expected through R&M

Growth of Indian Power Sector: TRANSMISSION


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Growth of Indian Power Sector: TRANSMISSIONSYSTEM

Required development of high voltage transmissionsystem did suffer in the early years.

During 80s, when NTPC had the jurisdiction of creatingHV transmission system along with their super thermalpower stations, transmission side of the industry got aboost.

Subsequently, PGCIL was formed out of NTPC and from1992, PGCIL has added significantly towards creation ofHV transmission system and development of the

national grid

Transmission sector opened up for private sectorparticipation with the amendment of the ES Act in 1998


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Uneven distribution of power resources (coal, hydel,etc.)

Transporting coal costlier than transmitting power.

Scenario of simultaneous surplus (ER) and shortage (Otherregions)

Existing interregional transmission capacity only about 22350MW

Inadequate inter-regional transmission links


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Electricity Act 2003 Main features

Delicensing electricity generation

Mandating restructuring of state electricity boards to

separate transmission (wires business) and trade

Allowing for open access on transmission and distributionnetworks

Facilitating electricity trading

Mandating the establishment of SERCs in each state.

Liberalizing captive or self-generation

Setting up the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (ATE)


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Electricity Act 2003 Main features

In addition, the focus was widened to upgrade andimprove the financial and operational efficiency of

the distribution companies. A massive funding

scheme of the GoI called the Accelerated Power

Development and Reform Program (APDRP) was

initiated to provide funds to State Electricity Boards

and distribution companies to improve systemefficiency and provide incentives for better

performance.


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NEP 2005

The National Electricity Policy 2005, which

introduced the concept of universal service,

mandated that all villages should be electrified by

2007-2008 and all households by 2011-2012.


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NEP 2005

The National Electricity Policy 2005, which

introduced the concept of universal service,

mandated that all villages should be electrified by

2007-2008 and all households by 2011-2012.


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Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPPs) under the competitive bidding

route, are expected to add substantial thermal capacity.In 2008, the GoI promulgated the Hydro Power Policy to encourageprivate investments, improve resettlement and rehabilitation andenhance the financial viability of hydropower development.

Earlier in 2007, the MoP had issued the approach and guidelines for thedevelopment of merchant power plants (MPPs).

Two main programs of the GoI are aimed at improving electricitydistribution. The APDRP provides loans and grants to augmentinvestments in distribution system upgrades. The Rajiv GandhiGrameen Vidyutikiran Yojana (RGGVY), launched in 2005, aims atelectrifying all villages and providing access to electricity to all rural

households over a period of four years.Petroleum and


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Two main programs of the GoI are aimed atimproving electricity distribution. The APDRP

provides loans and grants to augment investments

in distribution system upgrades.

The Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikiran Yojana

(RGGVY), launched in 2005, aims at electrifying allvillages and providing access to electricity to all

rural households over a period of four years.


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Evolution of Grid Interconnection in IndiaEvolution of Grid Interconnection in India


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Regional

State

National

1960s 1970s 1990s

Local

1950s

EVOLUTION OF POWER SYSTEM IN


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INDIAPRE INDEPENDENCE - SMALL ISOLATED SYSTEM

PRIOR TO 60s - GENERATION/TRANSMISION BY SEBS

DURING 60s - LIMITED INTERCONNECTIONBETWEEN NEIGHBOURING STATES

70s - EMERGENCE OF CENTRAL SECTOR GENERATION( NTPC/NHPC/NUCLEAR ETC.)

PLANNING OF GENERATION/TRANSMISSION ONREGIONAL BASIS

LATE 80s INTEGRATED GRID OPERATION THROUGH 400kV SYSTEMLATE 90s - ASYNCHRONOUS INTER REGIONAL LINKSLONG DISTANCE HVDC LINKS / B2B STATIONS

Isolated systems


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Isolated systems

Isolated systems developed in and aroundindustrial & urban areas

Establishment of CEA under the Electricity(Supply) Act, 1948 for coordinated

development of Power Sector

The Act also provided for formation ofState Electricity Boards (SEBs) in theStates

State Grid Systems


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State Grid Systems

The systems around urban and industrial areasgrew into full fledged State Grid systems

The country was demarcated in to five Regionsfor the purpose of coordinated power sectorplanning

Regional Electricity Boards were established ineach of the regions for facilitating integrated

operation of state systems

Inter-state lines were planned which were

treated as Centrally sponsored schemes.

Regional Grid System


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g G y

1975: Central Sector generation utilities created

Benefits of these to be shared by the states ofthe region.

Construction of associated transmission systemfor evacuation of power as well as delivery ofpower to the constituent states, also entrusted to

these corporations Focus of planning and development in the

transmission system shifted from State Grid

system to Regional Grid system By the end of 1980's strong regional networks

came into existence.


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Inter Region Links


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g

1989: Power Grid Corporation of India formed togive thrust to implementation of transmission

system associated with Central generating

stations

few inter-regional links were also planned and

developed to facilitate exchange among the

various regions (limited to emergency situations)

resource planning as well as grid operation and

consequently the operational frequencies of

various regions continued to be Region specific.

National Grid


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G

Focus of planning the generation and thetransmission system shifted from the

orientation of regional self-sufficiency tothe concept of optimization of utilization ofresources on All India basis

A strong National Grid system wouldenable such an all-India generationplanning and development


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August 2006North synchronizedFive Regional Grids


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NEW Grid

SouthGrid

South

West

North

East

Northeast

Five Regional Grids

Five Frequencies

October 1991East and Northeast

synchronized

March 2003West synchronized

With East & Northeast

North synchronizedWith Central Grid

Central Grid

Two Frequencies

Installed Capacity 179 GW

MERGINGOF

MARKETS


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TOWARDS FORMATION OF NATIONAL GRID


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Ministry of Power has envisaged the establishment ofan integrated National Power Gridin the countryby the year 2012 with an inter-regional power

transfer capacity of about 37,700 MW.The exploitable energy resources in our country are

concentrated in certain pockets. As a result, some

regions do not have adequate natural resources forsetting power plants to meet the future requirements

whereas others have abundant natural resources. This

has necessitated the formation of National Power Gridto transmit power from resource rich todeficit area as well as facilitate scheduled/

unscheduled exchange of power

Objectives underlying the formationof National Grid


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of National Grid

To transfer power from surplus regions to

deficit regions

Utilise maximum resources fromdiversified regions

Ensure reliable, economical and qualitypower

Perspective transmission plan upto 2012

Perspective transmission plan upto 2012


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p p pp p p

4950

14000

30000

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Existing 2007 2012

Cumulative Capacity of Interregional linksMW

Growth in Inter-regional Transmission Capacity


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Source: CEA

IR CAPACITY : 22350MW

36700 MW

Growth of Inter Regional Exchanges


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INTER-REGIONAL TRANSFER BY ENDOF 11th PLAN (2012)


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13620 MW

2840 MW6660 MW

4180 MW

3780 MW3620 MW

37,700 MW OF INTER-

REGIONAL POWER BY 2012

EASTERN

REGION

SOUTHERN

REGION

WESTERN

REGION

NORTHERN

REGION

NORTH-

EASTERNREGION

OF 11 PLAN (2012)3000 MW

Source: CEA

Transmission System for Hydrodevelopment in NER


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development in NER

30-35 GW of Hydro potential in North-easternRegion

10 GW from Sikkim and Bhutan

Substantial power from this region would be

required to be transmitted to NR/WR over distancesexceeding 2000 km.

Right of way constraints in the chicken neck area.

Hybrid network of EHVDC and high capacity 400

kV AC developed.


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Acquiring Right of Way (ROW) for constructing transmissionsystem is getting increasingly difficult. This necessitates creationof high capacity Transmission Highways , so that infuture, constraints in ROW do not become bottleneck in

harnessing natural resources

Four major power regions of the countrynamely, North-Eastern, Eastern, Western and

Northern are now operating as one synchronousgrid.

NATIONAL GRID :THE ADVANTAGES


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STRONG BACKBONE

ANYWHERE TO ANYWHERE TRADING ECONOMIC OPERATION

OPTIMAL UTILISATION OF SCARCE NATIONAL

RESOURCES

HARNESS DIVERSITY SAVING OF 13,000 MW BY YEAR 2012

ADDED STABILITY

BOUNDARY-LESS OPERATION HUB AND SPOKE ARRANGEMENT

GENERATORS HAVE READY EVACUATION PATH

THENATIONAL GRIDENVISAGED BYPOWERGRIDIS AHYBRID NETWORK COMPRISING A 765 kV HUBWITH 400

kV AC AND 500kV HVDCSPOKES


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Control Centres


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Bulk electric power systems comprise ofhundreds of generating units interconnected byan intricate web of transmission & distributionspread across vast geographical stretches.

For ensuring a reliable and quality supply to theconsumers, the power system must be operatedwithin the prescribed reliability standards.

The system operators positioned at well-equipped control centres provide thecoordination services that are vital for operatingthe system within the operating limits.

Load Despatch Centers in India


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The control of the grid is planned to be

done at 3 levels of hierarchy namelyNLDC, RLDC and SLDC.

Each level of hierarchy has definite roles

and responsibilities


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2300

Surplus Regions

Deficit Regions

National Grid

5

33

Regional Grids

State Utilities

1

Hierarchy of Indian PowerSystem

WRER

NR

NER

Role of NLDC


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RLDC

Inter Regional Links

Supervision

Economy and Efficiency of National Grid

Monitoring of operations and grid security of National Grid

Restoration of synchronous operation of National Grid

Trans-national exchange of power Feedback to CEA & CTU for national Grid Planning

Dissemination of information

Levy and collection of fee and charges - CERC

Disse

NLDC

Supervision & control

RPC for

regional outage Plan

Coordinate

Coordinate

Accounting

Role of RLDC


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Real time operation , control & contingency

analysis

Generation scheduling/ re-scheduling

Restoration Metering & data collection

Compiling & furnishing of operation data

Operation of Regional UI pool Account.

Reactive energy account and Congestion chargeaccount

Operation of ancillary services

RLDC

Exclusivefunctions

Role of RLDC


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Functions

optimum scheduling

and despatch of

electricity

Monitor grid operation

Keep accounts of

electricity transmitted Exercise Supervision

and control over

the ISTS

Real time operations Licensee Generating company

Generating station / Sub-

stations

any other concerned person

SLDC

Central State

DirectionsComply

the

directions

Apex body

forintegrated

operation

For ST

Open

Access-

Nodal

Agency

RLDC

Role of SLDC


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SLDC Apex body in a State

Power System

State

Optimum scheduling and despatch

Monitor grid operations

Keep accounts of electricitytransmitted

Activities ofReal-time operation

exercise supervision and control

RLDC

Directions

Ensure

complianceDirections and

exercise

supervision and

controlLicensee,

generating company,

generating station,sub-station

and any other

concerned person

Planning Code for Inter State Transmission


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meticulous planning in various time horizons viz.long-term, mid-term, short-term and real-time,

required

CEA & CTU in coordination with STU responsiblefor long term planning in an integrated manner

Operational planning in the other time horizons and

operation in real time to be taken care of by theRLDCs & SLDCs

The Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC) lays down

the rules, guidelines and standards to be followedby the various agencies and participants in the

system


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83

Intra-State Inter-state

CEA

Intra-State

STU CTU

Transmission schemes

for planning and

coordination

STU

Transmission schemes

for planning andcoordination

Role of RPC


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Facilitate the stable and smooth operations of the system Functions:

regional level operation analysis facilitate inter-state/inter-regional transfer of power facilitate planning of inter-state/intrastate transmission system coordinate maintenance of generating units coordinate maintenance of transmission system

protection studies Planning for maintaining proper voltages Consensus on issues related to economy and efficiency

RPC

RLDC/SLDC/CTU/

STU/ Users

DecisionsMS SRPC shall certify Availabilityof transmission system

Prepare Regional Energy Account,

Weekly UI, Reactive & Congestion

charge account

Role of CTU


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85

to undertake

transmission ofelectricity throughISTS

to ensure developmentof an efficient, co-

ordinated andeconomical ISTS

CTU

RLDC

shall operate

ISTS lines

CTU/to provide non-discriminatory Open Access

Will not engage in trading and generation

For LTOA & MTOA nodal agency

Planning

STU

Central

Govt.

State2

State1

State Govt.

Generating

Companies

CEA

RPC

Licensees

Role of STU


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to undertaketransmission of

electricity throughintra-state transmissionsystem

to ensure developmentof an efficient, co-ordinated andeconomical intra-statetransmission system

STU

SLDC

shall operate

Intra-state transmission system

STU/to provide non-discriminatory Open Access

Planning

CTUState Govt.

Generating

Companies

CEA

RPC

Licensees

Role of CEA

will formulate short-term and perspective plans for transmission system


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specify technical standards for construction of electrical plants, electric lines and

connectivity to the grid

specify safety requirements for construction, operation and maintenance of

electrical plants and electrical lines

specify grid standards for operation and maintenance of transmission lines

specify conditions for SEMs

Promote and assist timely completion of schemes

To collect and record electrical data- cost, efficiency

To carry out investigation ( Electrical system)

Shall Prepare National Electricity Plan (NEP)

Objectives of Planning Code


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To specify the principles, procedures and criteriawhich shall be used in the planning anddevelopment of the ISTS and inter regional links.

To promote co-ordination amongst all users,STU/SLDC and CTU/RLDC and NLDC in any

proposed development of the ISTS.

To provide methodology and information exchange

amongst users, STU/SLDC and CTU/RLDC andNLDC in the planning and development of the ISTS.

Scope of planning code


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89

ISTS

SEBs

STU

Licensees

ISGS GC

IPP

CTU

Generation/Transmission of

energy to/from ISTS

Connected to/using/developing ISTS

specify principles, specify procedures

specify criteria

promote coordination

information exchange

Objective

Planning Philosophy

Annual plan (5 year forward term)Long term plan (10 15 years)


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90

CTU

Identification of majorinter state/regional lines includingsystem strengthening schemes

Planning schemes shall also consider:CEAs: Long-term perspective plan Electric Power Survey of India report Transmission Planning Criteria and

guidelines RPC Feedback

NLDC/RLDC/SLDC feedback CERC Regulations Renewable capacity addition (MNRES)

Annual plan (5 year forward term)

CEALong-term plan (10-15 years)

inter/intra state transmission system

continuously updated to reflectload projections and generation scenarios

NEP

Avoid congestion

Planning philosophy (contd...)


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91

System strengthening schemes by CTU: shall be done in consultation with CEAs

Standing Committee for Transmission SystemPlanning:

Planning On the basis of PPA

No PPA/ no consensus CTU may approachCERC in accordance with CERC (Grant ofRegulatory approval for Capital Investment to CTU

for execution of ISTS)

Planning data:

submission by STUs/Users to CTU:

Planning philosophy (contd...)

Voltage management by:


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92

Voltage management by: capacitors, reactors, SVC and FACTs

similar exercise by STU

STU shall plan to evacuate power fromISTS

ISTS & intra-state transmission systems are

complementary & interdependent

If LTA Applications require strengthening of

intra-state transmission system applicant

shall coordinate with STU

Planning Data

Under the Planning Code the Regional


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Under the Planning Code, the Regionalentities, STUs, State Generating

Companies, IPPs, licensees are requiredto supply two types of data:

i) Standard planning data

ii) Detailed planning data

Implementation of Transmission Plan


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The actual program of implementation oftransmission lines, Interconnecting

Transformers, reactors/capacitors and othertransmission elements will be determined byCTU in consultation with the concerned usersand STUs.

The completion of these works, in the requiredtime frame, shall be ensured by CTU through theconcerned persons

Conclusion

The formation of the NEW grid has taken us from


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The formation of the NEW grid has taken us fromregional grid operation to national grid operation.

Advantage regional grids: able to reap all thebenefits associated with synchronousinterconnection

Risk: regional grids to handle the inherent risks of aLarge Grid

Greater emphasis on network reliability,protection systems, grid discipline andhandling emergencies.


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Thank you

power sector overview india

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