Plurals and Plurals and PossessivesPossessives

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• To form the plurals of most nouns,

add s.– Examples: Snack = snacks– Oven = ovens– Umbrella = umbrellas

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• If the word ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh….

you add es– Examples: glass = glasses– Buzz = buzzes– Fox = foxes– Bush = bushes

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• Nouns that end in a consonant plus

y, change the y to i and add es.– Examples: country = countries– Mummy = mummies– Berry = berries

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• If a noun ends in a vowel plus y, just

add s.– Examples: boy = boys– Turkey = turkeys– Holiday = holidays

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• Nouns that end in a vowel plus o, add

s– Examples: rodeo = rodeos– Patio = patios– Kangaroo = kangaroos

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• Nouns that end in a consonant plus

o, add es.– Examples: tomato = tomatoes– Echo = echoes – Veto = vetoes

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• The plurals of a few nouns are

formed in irregular ways.– Examples: woman = women– Mouse = mice– Foot = feet– Child = children

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns• Some nouns are the same in the

singular and the plural– Examples: Sheep– Spacecraft– Deer– Salmon

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nouns

• For some nouns ending with f or fe, add s. For others, change the f to v and add s or es– Examples: belief = beliefs– Roof = roofs– Loaf = loaves– Life = lives

Forming plurals of nounsForming plurals of nounsA few nouns have only plural forms

– Examples: scissors•Jeans•Savings•Dues

A few nouns that end with s look plural but are considered singular.

PossessivePossessive• A possessive case of a noun or a

pronoun shows ownership or possession.

• To form the possessive case of a singular noun, add an apostrophe and a s.– Examples: a student’s grant– The child’s toy– Tess’s painting

PossessivePossessive• To form the possessive case of a

plural noun that does not end in s , add an apostrophe and an s.– Examples: geese’s feathers– Children’s books– Men’s clothing

PossessivePossessive• To form the possessive case of a

plural noun ending in s, add only the apostrophe– Examples: boxes’ lids– Beetles’ shells– Ten minutes’ time